Abstract: A portable electronic device is disclosed. The portable electronic device includes a main body and a supporting member rotatably connected to the main body. The main body defines a chamber for receiving detachable elements of the portable electronic device therein. The supporting member includes a number of supporting sheets which can be folded or unfolded relatively to each other. The folded supporting member is configured for covering the chamber of the main body, and the unfolded supporting member is configured for supporting the main body.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a main body and a table stand connected to the main body for supporting the main body. The main body comprises a positioning member. The table stand defines at least two positioning holes. The table stand is operable to rotate relative to the main body. The positioning member is operable to be selectively inserted into either one of the at least two positioning holes, such that the table stand is operable to form a corresponding predetermined angle with the main body.

Abstract: A motorcycle stand includes first and second legs pivotable relative to one another between a maximum spread configuration, an intermediate spread configuration, and a storage configuration; the legs being generally parallel to one another when at the storage configuration. The motorcycle stand includes a biased plunger operatively coupled to the first leg and a pin operatively extending from at least one of the first and second legs. The second leg includes a first cavity configured to receive the plunger when the first and second legs are at the intermediate spread configuration. The first and second legs are maintained at the intermediate spread configuration when the plunger is received in the first cavity. The pin includes a distal segment for insertion in a motorcycle axle, the distal segment being neither parallel nor perpendicular to the first and second legs.

Abstract: A display support device includes a connecting member and a lower tube. The connecting member is adapted to be mounted on a rear surface of a flat display, and includes an upper tube. The lower tube is disposed below the upper tube. One of the upper and lower tubes has an internally threaded portion, and the other of the upper and lower tubes has an externally threaded portion engaging the internally threaded portion to allow for rotation and therefore movement of the lower tube relative to the upper tube, which results in a change to the total length of the upper and lower tubes.

Abstract: A supporting mechanism for an electronic device includes a connecting bracket configured to connect to the electronic device and a supporting bracket connected to the connecting bracket and configured to support the electronic device. The supporting bracket includes a supporting portion having a receiving space, a locating member received in the receiving space, a supporting plate, and a resilient sliding member engaged in the locating member. A sliding slot is defined in the locating member. The resilient sliding member is secured on the supporting plate through the sliding slot. The resilient sliding member is compressed to disengage from the locating member, and slide in the sliding slot with the supporting plate relative to the locating member and the supporting portion along an extending direction of the supporting portion to change a length of the supporting bracket.

Abstract: The inventive concept is directed to a leveling device to level cabinets or other appliances. The device is constructed as an elongated housing having an interior therein. The interior of the housing will receive a movable triangular adjustment lever which is mounted in the housing in such a manner that a bottom flange will protrude from the housing and contact a floor on which the cabinet is to be located. The triangular adjustment lever has an upstanding flange that is contacted by an adjustment bolt which is accessible from the outside of the housing. A leveling device is installed in each of the inside corners of the cabinet and is accessible from a wall in the toe-kick recess of the cabinet by way of a tool through the wall. The leveling devices located in the rear corners of the cabinet are accessible for adjustment by way of on elongated rod passing through the wall and will attach to the respective adjustment bolts.

Abstract: This invention is to provide the stand for the electronic device with the capacity to hole the headset in a handy manner. The stand comprises the main body capable of holding cords, the attaching section positioned on the main body for the electronic device to be mounted and secured thereon, stand cover capable of temporary fitting over the main body and having the section for preventing the cords from unraveling, and the connecting section which joints the main body and the stand cover and allows the stand cover to spread apart from the main body with the hinge section as the fulcrum.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed at systems and methods by which a flat panel display may be supported by a stand, which can also be used as a hook, or other connecting mechanism, to hang the monitor from. In one embodiment, the “kickstand” can be rotated upward without disconnecting it from the body of the flat panel display. In another embodiment, the “kickstand” is attached to a VESA mounting bracket.

Abstract: The portable container includes an open upper bucket portion with a single telescoping support column or leg extending concentrically therebeneath. Four feet extend from the lower end of the column, with one foot having an extendible rod therein. A bail or handle extends from the upper portion of the bucket. The device may be used for the carriage of a number of different goods, but is particularly well suited for holding a supply of baseballs or softballs for pitching practice. The device may be deployed at the pitcher's mound, with the foot extension rod providing additional stability when the device is deployed upon the slope of the mound. The low center of gravity of the device when collapsed allows it to be carried within a motor vehicle or the like without undue risk of tipping or spilling of the contents, even when goods are being stored within the bucket portion.

Abstract: Adjustable shooting rests and shooting rest assemblies are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a shooting rest includes a rest assembly for supporting a forestock of a firearm. The rest assembly includes a base member and first and second upright members extending from the base member. A position of each of the first and second upright members is independently adjustable with reference to the base member. The shooting rest also includes a support assembly coupled to the rest assembly to move the rest assembly in a first direction and in a second direction. The first and second directions are in a plane generally transverse to a longitudinal axis of the firearm. The shooting rest further includes a base coupled to the support assembly.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an image display apparatus main body and a pedestal part supporting the image display apparatus main body. The image display main body has a display module, a center frame, a left R cover, a right R cover, and an upper pedestal fixing member connecting part. The display module displays an image on a front face. The center frame is connected to the back face of the display module, and a part thereof is exposed to the outside. The left R cover and the right R cover are connected to the center frame, and cover the back face of the display module. The upper pedestal fixing member connecting part is provided protruding backward from the center frame. The pedestal part has a bottom plate part, a pedestal fixing member, and an upper center frame connecting part. The pedestal fixing member is provided in the bottom plate part.

Abstract: A decorative system includes a base, a first frame assembly, a second frame assembly, a decorative covering, and a mount assembly, wherein the decorative system can be placed in a use state and a collapsed state. The base provides the foundation of the decorative system. The first frame assembly comprises a first frame, which generally is a skeleton or support framework. The second frame assembly comprises a second frame, which also is generally a skeleton or support framework. The decorative covering includes a covering having a decorative feature, for example, transparent, translucent, and opaque portions. The mount assembly provides support, and can be in communication with the first and second frame assemblies for assembly of the decorative system. The decorative system can further comprise a light string system that can be carried by at least one of the first frame assembly, the second frame assembly and/or the decorative covering.

Abstract: A replaceable footpad structure for electronic device has a shell, on which a hanging hole is configured. The footpad structure includes a rotary buckling assembly, a rotary knob and a pad body. The rotary buckling assembly has a seat plate, from which a bolt and an arm are extended. The seat plate is connected by passing through the hanging hole, and the arm is snapped in the shell by a rotary manner. The rotary knob has a threaded hole inter-engaged with the bolt, while the pad body is connected to the rotary knob. Thereby, under the circumstance without any aid of tool, the footpad structure can be dismantled from or assembled to the electronic device quickly.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for mounting a trailer/dolly air brake system module onto a mounting surface of a trailer/dolly using a mounting element. More particularly, a trailer/dolly air brake system module is mounted to an I-beam or C-channel of the trailer/dolly via welding methods, fasteners, or clamps. This allows the trailer/dolly air brake system module to be easily removable and replaceable, minimizing trailer/dolly down time as well as diagnostic troubleshooting/repair time. More particularly, the system module is for a trailer/dolly air brake system module. The method allows for continued use of a trailer/dolly vehicle.

Abstract: Embodiments of a power hand tool of the type which has a main body portion, a front nose portion with a tool element extending forwardly from, a handle grip below the main body portion and an operating trigger adjacent the handle grip, further comprising a stand attached to the nose portion configured to pivot between retracted and extended positions, a means for biasing the stand toward its extended position, and a release mechanism adjacent the handle grip configured to hold the stand in its retracted position, and release the stand responsive to manipulation by a user.

Abstract: A slide mechanism (100) used in portable electronic device (300) is described including a main plate (10), a slide plate (20), two sliders (40), and two guiders (30). The slide plate is installed on the main plate and slidable relative to the main plate. The sliders are securely attached to the slide plate, and the guiders are securely attached to the main plate deformably guiding the sliders to move along it. When the slide plate slides along the main plate, the sliders and the guiders compress with each other, thereby generating deformations therebetween and driving the sliding of the slide plate along the main plate.

Abstract: A foot assembly is adapted to be removably attached to the elbow of a sled-type leg of a piece of furniture that is adapted to be supported upon a surface. The furniture-foot assembly includes a body defining a hollow interior adapted to removably receive the elbow of the leg and a bottom exterior portion. A glide is adapted to be removably mounted to the bottom exterior portion of the body and supported upon the surface for gliding movement of the furniture-foot assembly relative to the surface.

Abstract: A support structure for supporting a display device includes a base member mounted on a rear surface of the display device, a support member rotatably mounted on the base member that supports the display device in a state in which a lower surface of the display device is in contact with a setting plane and the support member is opened by a predetermined angle with respect to the base member, and a protruded portion formed integrally with an outer surface of the support member and extending in a widthwise direction of the support member, the protruded portion restricting rotation of the support member beyond a supporting position thereof by contact of the protruded portion with the base member when the display device is tilted.

Abstract: For installing an apparatus body of an electronic apparatus at a standing state on a supporting surface, the supporting device includes a leg and support. The leg is rotatably provided on a back surface of the apparatus body at the standing state and is used for holding the apparatus body supported by the supporting surface. The support is rotatably provided on the back surface and engaged with the leg for defining an angle of the leg with respect to the back surface. The leg and the support are foldable in substantially parallel to the back surface without overlapping with each other.

Abstract: A leg assembly for use as at least one supporting leg of an infant enclosure or other device, the leg assembly having an elongated leg member, a solenoid actuator having a coil adapted when the actuator is actuated to move longitudinally relative to the armature of the solenoid actuator and a compression spring which is resiliently compressed upon movement of the coil which imparts motion to the leg member in a vertical direction.

Abstract: An adjustable extending stand for panel displays has a body, a sliding panel and multiple positioning devices. The body has a proximal end pivotally mounted to a panel display, a distal end and two mounting slots formed oppositely in the body. The sliding panel is slidably mounted between the mounting slots of the body and has a distal end selective protruding telescopically from the distal end of the body to abut a plane. The positioning devices are mounted securely in corresponding mounting slots and controllably engage the sliding panel to hold the sliding panel in a determined position relative to the body. Accordingly, a length of the adjustable extending stand may be adjusted by changing a position of the sliding panel relative to the body thereby conveniently adjusting an angle of the panel display or allowing different sized panels to be displayed conveniently.

Abstract: A stand device capable of providing different folding angles includes a base member, a sliding member disposed to the base member so that a linear reciprocal motion is possible, a stand member having a specific length and fastened to one end of the sliding member in a rotatable manner, and a link member, of which one end is hinge-connected to a proper place in the stand member and the other end is hinge-connected to the base member, for holding the stand member, wherein an opening angle of the stand member varies depending on a linear reciprocation level of the sliding member.

Abstract: A free-standing portable electronic device is described. The portable electronic device includes a cover member, a body member and a support assembly rotatably mounted to the cover member and is used to stand the personal electronic device in an upright manner.

Abstract: A foot device for wooden furniture includes a main body made of a wood-plastic composite and having a top end, a bottom end, and an outer peripheral face which interconnects the top and bottom ends and which has a plurality of interconnected flat face portions each extending from the bottom end to the top end. A plurality of decorative layers are respectively attached to the flat face portions and each have a wood grain pattern. A screw rod is fixed to the main body, is surrounded by the flat face portions, and projects upwardly from the top end of the main body. The foot device has a wood-like appearance and can be produced from waste wood.

Abstract: A mobile terminal having a supporting member is provided. The mobile terminal includes a main body having a first hinge portion, a first part mounted in the main body, and the supporting member having a second hinge portion connected to the first hinge portion. The supporting member is inserted into the main body and coupled to the main body by rotating about the first hinge portion. By integrally forming the main body of the mobile terminal and the supporting member, a manufacturing cost of the mobile terminal can be reduced and inadvertent loss of the supporting member by a user can be prevented. Further, when the supporting member is stored in a folded position in the main body of the mobile terminal, the supporting member can be used for aesthetic purposes and can provide an enhanced external appearance.

Abstract: A foldable easel strut assembly is provided for supporting the easel when the easel is in use, and for moving the legs of the easel to a storage position when the easel is to be stored. The invention comprises an easel support board to which a rear leg assembly is pivotally connected. A pair of forward struts are pivotally connected at a first end to the support board. A pair of rear struts each have a first end pivotally connected to a second end of a corresponding forward strut, and a second end of each rear strut is pivotally connected to the rear leg assembly. Each rear strut includes a stop flange that abuts an upper edge of a corresponding forward strut when the rear leg assembly is pivoted away from the support board to a maximum position. In an embodiment, two front legs are pivotally connected to the support board, and the rear leg assembly comprises a rear leg member that pivotally folds against a bracket, and the bracket folds against the support board, when the easel is in its storage position.

Abstract: An infant support structure with a collapsible frame is disclosed. In one embodiment, the infant support structure includes a frame with a coupling or lock mechanism that is configured to maintain the collapsible frame in a deployed or use configuration.

Abstract: A tool support apparatus includes a body adapted to be secured to an end of a handle of a tool. A ground piercing member is pivotally secured to the body for pivotal movement between an operative position and a stored position. In the operative position, the ground piercing member protrudes past the end of the handle, such that the ground piercing member can be inserted into the ground to support the handle of the tool in a substantially upright orientation. In the stored position, the ground piercing member is oriented substantially parallel to the handle so as not to interfere with the normal usage of the tool.

Abstract: A cone support for use with a stud, the cone support includes a hollow truncated cone with an apex and a base. The hollow truncated cone includes an apex aperture disposed at the apex and a base aperture disposed at the base. The apex aperture has a threaded internal diameter. The apex aperture and base aperture communicate with a cone chamber, the cone chamber is disposed within the interior of the cone and between the apex aperture and the base aperture. The stud is placeable within the apex aperture, the cone chamber and the base aperture such that the cone support protects the stud from shear forces when the stud is stressed perpendicular to its axis.

Abstract: A portable terminal device includes a supporting leg which makes it possible to watch television in a standing state of the terminal device. The portable terminal device comprises a main body having a mounting groove formed in a rear surface thereof to have a predetermined length, the mounting groove having a plurality of catching grooves formed in one inner side surface thereof; and a supporting leg assembly having an end rotatably supported in the mounting groove. The supporting leg assembly comprises a supporting leg including a leg portion having a predetermined length, and a hollow head portion formed at one end of the leg portion and having one side opened. A cam member is inserted and supported in the head portion of the supporting leg with a spring received therein to be movable within a certain section in an axial direction. The cam member has a cam protrusion protruding outward to be caught to one of the catching grooves by an elastic force of the spring.

Abstract: The rubber foot mounting structure has a base 20b equipped with a boss hole 30 in the shape of substantially a cylinder and a rubber foot 40 that is formed on an outer side face of a body section 40d in the shape of substantially a column and is made capable of being press-fit to the boss hole 30 by means of flanges 40a1 to 40a4 formed on the outer side face of the body section 40d. Four flanges 40a1 to 40a4 formed on the outer side face of the rubber foot 40 contact the boss hole 30 and the rubber foot 40 gets inserted into the boss hole 30 while the four flanges 40a1 to 40a4 are being compressed.

Abstract: A hands-free support device and method for supporting an airflow hood relative to an airflow register is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a support device operably attached to the airflow hood and configured to support the airflow hood relative to a first surface proximate the register. The support device is configured to engage a second surface spaced away from the first surface.

Abstract: A construction prop includes an outer tube and an inner tube wherein the inner tube telescopically fitted in the outer tube. The top end of the outer tube has a threaded section axially formed with a pair of slots. The inner tube is axially formed with several pairs of pinholes. A locating nut is screwed on the threaded section of the outer tube. A controlling member formed with a pair of through holes is fitted on the outer tube. A bottom end of the controlling member is rotatably connected with the locating nut. A top face of the controlling member is formed with recessed/projecting structures. An insertion pin is fitted through the slots of the outer tube and inserted in one pair of pinholes of the inner tube, and is rested on the top face of the controlling member, whereby the prop can support a horizontal moldboard.

Abstract: A multi-functional base for mounting a flat panel display product, comprising: a bottom plate suitable for being placed on a work table, a mounting plate for holding the flat panel display product, and an upright post between the bottom plate and the mounting plate, wherein the upright post comprises a lower upright post connected to the bottom plate and an upper upright post connected to the mounting plate, and a slide lifting device is mounted between the lower upright post and the upper upright post. The base according to the present invention is ergonomic and convenient for use.

Abstract: An adjustable attachment mechanism includes an elongate shaft, first and second seats disposed on opposite ends of the shaft, first and second collars, and an actuator. The first and second collars are disposed to translate along the elongate shaft. An inner surface of the first collar cooperates with the first seat to define a first receptacle and an inner surface of the second collar cooperates with the second seat to define a second receptacle. The actuator is in communication with the first and second collars and is actuable to selectively traverse the first and second collars along the shaft in a first direction away from each other and in a second direction toward each other, the movement in the first direction loosening the first and second receptacles and the movement in the second direction tightening the first and second receptacles.

Abstract: Wall portions, such as wall portions of electronic device housing components, are provided with one or more foot assemblies. A foot assembly can be formed by creating an internal cavity in an internal surface of the wall portion, an external cavity in an external surface of the wall portion, and a hollow passageway extending through the wall portion and between the cavities. The foot assembly can be completed by inserting a foot at least partially through the external cavity and hollow passageway and into the internal cavity, such that an external portion of the foot is at least partially contained within and contacting the surfaces of the external cavity, and such that an internal portion of the foot is at least partially contained within the internal cavity. A portion of the foot may be deformable to at least partially conform to the surfaces defining the internal cavity.

Abstract: A paint roller holder for holding a roller sleeve attached to a roller frame. The roller holder has a body having an opening configured for receiving the roller sleeve and for allowing the roller sleeve to be placed inside the body. The body has a cutout configured to circumferentially seal a portion of the roller frame. A support cradle is disposed on the body and is configured for supporting the roller frame and preventing the roller sleeve from contacting an interior of the body. A closure seals the opening of the body for preventing hardening of paint on the sleeve.

Abstract: An adjustable stand for electronic devices mainly adapted to eliminate limitation on viewing angle adjustment of conventional adjustable stands is provided. The adjustable stand includes a main body, a first support frame, a second support frame, a pivot, and a sleeve. The pivot passes through and positions each of the components. A pressing portion on the pivot is used to operate the pivot and controls the movement of the pivot. Thus, a supporting angle of the first support frame and the second frame can be adjusted freely to create various viewing angles, such that the viewing angle adjustment can be adapted for different conditions and requirements diversely.

Abstract: An angle regulator (10) includes an outer shell (14) having a deflecting arm (146) and an inner supporting pole (15) received in the outer shell. The deflecting arm includes a main rod (1464), and a press-button (1462) and a hook (1466) respectively located at two opposite ends of the main rod. The press-button extends from the main rod and protrudes out of the outer shell. A plurality of spaced grooves (156) are defined in the inner supporting pole along an axial direction thereof. When the press-button is pressed, the hook is detached from one of the grooves that is engaged with the hook such that the inner supporting pole can slide with respect to the outer shell, and when the press-button is released, the hook is selectively engaged in another one of the grooves so that the inner supporting pole and the outer shell are fixed to each other.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf bag bottoms and methods to manufacture golf bag bottoms are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A flat panel display with a multifunctional stand is provided. The flat panel display includes a display body and a stand body comprises a first and a second fixed stays parallel to each other, a connecting member, a pivot member, and a support. The connecting member connects the first and second fixed stays. A slit is formed between the connecting member and the first and second fixed stays. The pivot member jointed with the rear of the display body to adjust the viewing angle. The support has one end connected to the second fixed stay and the other end connected to the pivot member. Accordingly, the display body may be placed on various locations such as placed on a desk top directly, clamping by the first and second fixed stays to fasten on a desk edge, or hung on a partition board.

Abstract: A support for a survey rod having a grip for slidable mounting on a survey rod with a first leg and a second leg rotably connected to such grip. Two spring rods each have a first end and a second end. A first end of the first spring is attached either directly to the survey rod below the grip of the support or to a collar that is connected to the survey rod below the grip of the support, and a second end of the first spring rod is connected, preferably rotatably, to the first leg. A first end of a second leg is attached in the same manner as the first end of the first leg to the survey rod, and a second end of the first leg is rotatably connected to the grip. Preferably, the first and second spring rods are resilient and rotatably mounted to the legs.

Abstract: A support foot for a battery pack, a battery pack including the support foot and a method for manufacturing the battery pack are provided. The support foot is constructed with a first support part, and a second support part including a protrusion. The protrusion is inserted into the battery pack and is thermally welded to be attached to the battery pack, so that the support foot can be securely attached to the battery pack.

Abstract: A stylus for a portable apparatus is disclosed. The stylus is usable as a prop to support the portable apparatus to stand on a platform and comprises a main portion and a rotating portion. The main portion comprises a tip end and a pivot end, and at least one protruding rib is disposed on the pivot end. A positioning plate is disposed on one end of the rotating portion, and connects with the protruding rib. A bolt passes through the protruding rib and the positioning plate, so that the rotating portion could pivotably connect with the main portion. Furthermore, at least one positioning structure is formed on one end of the positioning plate. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning structure is an arc shape. The stylus further comprises an elastic component and a positioning ball. The elastic component presses the positioning ball in the positioning structure, so that the portable apparatus could stand on a table surface. In addition, at least one groove is disposed on the sidewalls of the stylus.

Abstract: A holding system for a dispensing system for hardenable materials comprising a dispensing gun and a product cartridge having a dispensing tip defining a dispensing opening. The holding system comprises a holding structure and a plug projection. Optionally, one or more guide ribs may be used. The holding structure comprises a side wall and a bottom wall and defines a main opening and a cartridge chamber. The plug projection extends from the bottom wall into the cartridge chamber. The at least one guide rib extends from the side wall into the cartridge chamber. The cartridge chamber is sized and dimensioned to receive the product cartridge. When the product cartridge is placed into the cartridge chamber, the guide rib is arranged to engage a portion of the dispensing system to facilitate entry of the plug projection into the dispensing opening. Optionally, one or more wall openings may be formed in the holding structure adjacent to the plug projection.

Abstract: A carrier device includes a supporting base having one or more columns, a mounting seat for supporting an object and having an arm, and a linkage for adjustably coupling and supporting the mounting seat to the supporting base to the selected angular positions without spring members. Two or more fastener each include a non-circular shank engaged through one or more discs, and a pair of levers are disposed parallel to each other and pivotally coupled between the fasteners for forming a parallelogrammic structure and for adjustably and stably supporting the mounting seat to the columns of the supporting base at selected angular position.

Abstract: A flat panel display with a multifunctional stand is provided. The flat panel display includes a display body and a stand body comprises a first and a second fixed stays parallel to each other, a connecting member, a pivot member, and a support. The connecting member connects the first and second fixed stays. A slit is formed between the connecting member and the first and second fixed stays. The pivot member jointed with the rear of the display body to adjust the viewing angle. The support has one end connected to the second fixed stay and the other end connected to the pivot member. Accordingly, the display body may be placed on various locations such as placed on a desk top directly, clamping by the first and second fixed stays to fasten on a desk edge, or hung on a partition board.

Abstract: The rubber foot mounting structure has a base 20b equipped with a boss hole 30 in the shape of substantially a cylinder and a rubber foot 40 that is formed on an outer side face of a body section 40d in the shape of substantially a column and is made capable of being press-fit to the boss hole 30 by means of flanges 40a1 to 40a4 formed on the outer side face of the body section 40d. Four flanges 40a1 to 40a4 formed on the outer side face of the rubber foot 40 contact the boss hole 30 and the rubber foot 40 gets inserted into the boss hole 30 while the four flanges 40a1 to 40a4 are being compressed.

Abstract: This invention is to provide the stand for the electronic device with the capacity to hole the headset in a handy manner. The stand comprises the main body capable of holding cords, the attaching section positioned on the main body for the electronic device to be mounted and secured thereon, stand cover capable of temporary fitting over the main body and having the section for preventing the cords from unraveling, and the connecting section which joints the main body and the stand cover and allows the stand cover to spread apart from the main body with the hinge section as the fulcrum.

Abstract: A cone support for use with a stud, the cone support includes a hollow truncated cone with an apex and a base. The hollow truncated cone includes an apex aperture disposed at the apex and a base aperture disposed at the base. The apex aperture has a threaded internal diameter. The apex aperture and base aperture communicate within a cone chamber, the cone chamber is disposed within the interior of the cone and between the apex aperture and the base aperture. The stud is placeable within the apex aperture, the cone chamber and the base aperture such that the cone support protects the stud from shear forces when the stud is stressed perpendicular to its axis.