Abstract: A beam shutter is for a laser beam. The beam shutter includes: a reflecting optical unit configured to deflect the laser beam; a holding arm, which is capable of being brought into a release position and a shut-off position and on which the reflecting optical unit is held; a sensor circuit with at least one sensor component arranged between the reflecting optical unit and the holding arm; and an evaluation device, which is configured to interact with the sensor circuit, at least in the shut-off position of the holding arm.

Abstract: A system for imaging particles in a fluid includes a substrate holder for holding a substrate comprising a channel or reservoir for containing the fluid in the substrate, a radiation source for providing irradiation in the substrate and a radiation detection unit for detecting particles in the fluid in the substrate. At least one of the radiation source and the radiation detection unit) are configured to obtain detection in one or more distinct detection sheets in the substrate. The system further comprises an actuator configured for imparting an oscillating mechanical movement of the substrate holder regarding the radiation detection unit and the radiation source, the oscillating mechanical movement being a movement comprising a movement component in a direction perpendicular to the plane wherein the one or more detection sheets are extending.

Abstract: A display may have an array of light-emitting pixels that display an image in an active area of the display. These light-emitting pixels may be visible light pixels such as red, green, and blue thin-film organic light-emitting diode pixels. The display may also have a border region that runs along a peripheral edge of the active area. The border region may be free of pixels that display image light, whereas the active area may be free of light detectors. A non-optical touch sensor such as a capacitive touch sensor may overlap the active area to gather touch input from the active area. The non-optical touch sensor may not overlap any portion of the border region. In the border region, an optical sensor formed from infrared light-emitting pixels and infrared light-sensing pixels or other optical sensing circuitry may serve as an optical touch sensor.

Abstract: An interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mounting structure configured for mounting at an interior portion of a vehicle. A distal end portion of the mounting arm is at an angle relative to a proximal end portion of the mounting arm at the interior portion of the vehicle. An attaching element is fixedly disposed at the distal end portion. A mirror housing includes an aperture, and the mounting arm of the mounting structure passes through the aperture without making contact with the mirror housing. A reflective element is attached at an attachment plate disposed within the mirror housing. A motorized actuator is mounted at the attachment plate at the reflective element or at the attaching element at the distal end portion of the mounting arm. The motorized actuator is electrically operable to adjust the reflective element and the mirror housing together and in tandem relative to the mounting structure.

Abstract: A module comprises a display element, a first polarizing element, a light sensor, a transparent layer, and a second polarizing element. The display element emits a display light source. The first polarizing element covers the display element, and blocks a first phase portion of the display light source and allows a second phase portion of the display light source to penetrate. The transparent layer covers the first polarizing element. The light sensor is disposed on one side of the display element or the first polarizing element. The second polarizing element is disposed between the light sensor and the transparent layer and blocks a second phase portion of the display light source.

Abstract: A smart walking stick made up of main parcels including the upper body forming the upper body and the lower body elements forming the lower body. With the aim of positioning the hand correctly for the visually impaired user, sensors are provided, which contain technological elements such as soft-grip upper gripping surface and the lower gripping surface, touch mouse, vibration motors and a smart module that allows the user freedom of movement. A folding bar forms the stick portion of the movement-releasing smart walking stick which can be replaced by a snap-fit method, with the motion-liberating smart walking stick this allows the visually impaired user to easily, safely and comfortably navigate with location information, which increases the freedom of movement, to detect and protect the obstacles in front of the movement, and to maintain a more ergonomic life.

Abstract: An assay device is disclosed comprising a housing and a test portion, electronic circuitry and an optical assembly each a least partially located in the housing. The test portion comprises one or more test zones adapted to receive an analyte and a fluorescent label associated with the analyte, the fluorescent label being excitable by excitation light and adapted to emit emission light upon excitation by excitation light. The electronic circuitry comprises one or more light sources and one or more light detectors. The optical assembly comprises one or more excitation light guides adapted to guide excitation light from the one or more light sources to the one or more test zones, and/or one or more emission light guides adapted to guide emission light from the one or more test zone to the one or more light detectors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for continuous physiological monitoring as well as systems and methods for interpreting data from such a device. The device may support intelligent selection from among two or more different modes for heart rate detection. In addition, the acquisition of continuous physiological data facilitates automated recommendations concerning changes to sleep, recovery time, exercise routines and the like.

Abstract: An aerodrome system for an aerodrome is provided. The aerodrome system comprises a plurality of light emitting elements configured to emit light from a surface of the aerodrome upon which aircraft may take-off, land and manoeuvre; and a controller operatively coupled to each of the light emitting elements so as to selectively control the light emitting elements, wherein the light emitting elements form pixels of a display and the controller is configured to control an image displayed by the display so as to display and demarcate at least one runway for aircraft to take-off or land, wherein the light emitting elements are spaced such that the controller may display the runway with a variable orientation and the controller is further configured to change the image displayed by the display so as to change the orientation of the runway.

Abstract: A chained flashlight system includes: plural flashlights; plural lighting control devices that control lighting of the plural flashlights, respectively; a communication wire; and a traffic control device. The plural lighting control devices include receiving units, controlling units, activating units, and power supply units, respectively and are coupled to the traffic control device by the communication wire. The traffic control device simultaneously sends an activating signal to the plural lighting control devices via the communication wire. The receiving units receive the activating signal. The controlling units activate the activating units based on a time from reception of the activating signal to activation of the activating units, set for the flashlights, respectively. When the power supply units are turned ON in an activated state of the activating units, respectively, the flashlights are lit by a lighting signal from the traffic control device, respectively.

Abstract: A bagger safety system includes a controller, a heating element, a light-emitting device, a light-detecting device and a backing assembly. The backing assembly includes a backing bar, a pair of reflectors and a seal backing element movably coupled to the backing bar by at least one mechanical force generating member so as to create a space between the seal backing element and the backing bar when no external force is applied to the mechanical force generating member. Light emitted from a light-emitting device reflects off the reflectors to the light-detecting device when no external force is applied to the mechanical force generating member. Movement of the seal backing element toward the backing bar prevents light emitted from the light-emitting device from reaching the light-detecting device and the controller controls movement of the backing assembly toward the heating element based on whether light from light-emitting device reaches the light-detecting device.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to systems of enhancing contrast of LED lighting, including two subsystems. A light-transmitting subsystem can include an LED light source, a first reference oscillator to receive a reference signal broadcast from a remote source, and a synchronous modulation and power system to cause a stream of modulated light-signal pulses to be emitted from the LED light source in synchronous correlation with the reference signal. A light-receiving subsystem can include a light imager to synchronously receive the stream of modulated light-signal pulses, a second reference oscillator to receive the reference signal broadcast from the remote source, and a synchronous demultiplexing system to convert the stream of modulated light-signal pulses to a stream of synchronous digital images in synchronous correlation with the reference signal. A demodulation image processor can be used to process and generate enhanced contrast display imagery.

Abstract: The disclosure features visual assistive devices that include a detection apparatus configured to receive information about an environment surrounding a user of the visual assistive device, a communication apparatus configured to transmit information to the user, and an electronic processor coupled to the detection apparatus and the communication apparatus, and configured to: receive information about an activity of the user; filter the information about the environment surrounding the user based on the activity of the user; assign a priority rank to each element of the filtered information based on the activity of the user; and transmit at least some of the elements of the filtered information, according to the assigned priority ranks, to the user using the communication apparatus.

Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a first support plate and a second support plate opposite the first support plate, and a plurality of pixel walls over the first support plate. The plurality of pixel walls are associated with an electrowetting pixel and define a volume containing at least a portion of an oil and an electrolyte fluid. The electrolyte fluid has a first refractive index. The electrowetting display device includes a pixel spacer between a first pixel wall in the plurality of pixel walls and the second support plate. A second refractive index of the pixel spacer is less than the first refractive index. The electrowetting display device includes a pixel electrode over the first support plate for applying a voltage within the electrowetting pixel to cause relative displacement of the oil and the electrolyte fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method to control manufacturing and feeding of semifinished products in a tyre building process, includes detecting at least one first image representative of a semifinished product; dividing the at least one first image into a plurality of first sub-parts, wherein each one of first sub-parts is composed of a plurality of first portions, each one associated with a respective brightness value; defining a first threshold for the brightness values; making a first comparison between the brightness values of the first portions and the first threshold; as a function of the first comparison, determining for each one of the first sub-parts a first operative parameter representative of a total area occupied in each first sub-part by the first portions associated with a brightness value smaller or greater than the first threshold; making a second comparison between each one of the first operative parameters and a second threshold; and causing the generation of a first notification signal as a functio

Abstract: A rear view mirror for use in a motor vehicle includes a support element having a reflective element attached to a first side; and a frame element detachably attached to a second side of the support element which is located opposite the first side. The frame element includes an adjusting element that is adapted to connect the rear view mirror to a stationary support arm holding the rear view minor. The frame element is adapted to move the rear view minor relative to the stationary support arm and comprises active material to move the rear view mirror.

Abstract: A calibrating-light module for use in a system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters. The calibrating-light module includes a calibrating module housing, a light beam receiving portion connected to a first end of the calibrating module housing, a calibrating light portion connected to a side of the calibrating module housing wherein the side is transverse to the first end, and an optic fiber portion connected to a second end of the calibrating module housing wherein the calibrating module housing, the light beam receiving portion and the optic fiber portion are aligned with an optical path and the calibrating light portion is spaced from and transverse to the optical path.

Abstract: A chromatic confocal distance sensor has a housing in which a polychromatic light source, imaging optics having a longitudinal chromatic aberration, a spectrometer and a planar beam splitter surface are arranged. These lie in the light path of the measurement light between the light source and the imaging optics and between the imaging optics and the spectrometer. A first diaphragm is arranged in the light path between the light source and the beam splitter surface, and a second diaphragm is arranged in the light path between the beam splitter surface and the spectrometer. The diaphragms are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the beam splitter surface. The measurement light propagates as a free beam inside the housing. The beam splitter surface, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are fastened together on a carrier which has an isotropic thermal expansion coefficient. This way, temperature changes cannot significantly affect the measurement accuracy.

Abstract: Systems and methods for prompting a user to perform an exercise and monitoring the exercise are provided. Multiple independent sensors or sensor systems may be used to calculate energy expenditure. Various criteria may be used to manually or automatically select the independent sensor or sensor system or combination that will be used with the energy expenditure calculations.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to provide enriched human-perceptible signals indicative of a parameter of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the apparatus and reflected from an object.

Abstract: An imaging device in the present invention includes an imaging unit that images an image and an installation unit on which the imaging unit is removably installed. The installation unit houses a first contactless transmitter that transmits and receives at least one of a power and a signal in a non-contact basis. The imaging unit houses an axis portion, a second contactless transmitter, and transmits and receives at least one of the electric power and the signal in a non-contact basis, and an imaging mechanism portion that is fixed to the other end portion of the axis portion in the side opposite to the installation unit side, and is connected to the second contactless transmitter via a transmission wire inserted through the axis portion. In this way, a watertproofness and a dustproofness can be improved, and thus, it is possible to improve a long-term reliability.

Abstract: An optical microscope having a sample plane for positioning a sample, and a light source for emitting illumination light, includes optical imaging means for guiding the illumination light into the sample plane. A detector device having a plurality of detector elements for detecting sample light coming from the sample. Adjacent detector elements are at a distance from one another which is smaller than an Airy-Disk produced by a point of the sample plane on the detector device. A scanning device has at least a first and a second optical arrangement simultaneously movable in a common direction for producing an illumination scanning movement and a detection scanning movement, which are opposite to one another.

Abstract: 1. A trap for rodents, including in particular rats, said trap comprising: a housing; and a trapping chamber in which a passage extends from the side(s) of the housing. The trap further comprises two electric poles, of which the one electric pole is disposed outside the trapping chamber and a reservoir. The trap is moreover configured with a transport mechanism for the transport of the trapping chamber with rodent between a lower position in which the rodent is able to run into the trapping chamber and an upper position in which the trapping chamber is able to discharge a destroyed rodent into the reservoir. The trapping chamber and the electric poles comprise means to the effect that the electric poles can be caused to be situated close to each other within the trapping chamber.

Abstract: Example apparatus to communicatively couple three-wire field devices to controllers in a process control system are disclosed. An example terminal block is disclosed that includes a first interface having three termination points to terminate each of three wires from a three-wire field device. The example, terminal block further includes a second interface to removably receive a first termination module that is to communicate with the three-wire field device using a first communication protocol and to communicate with a controller via a shared bus of a termination panel using a second communication protocol different than the first communication protocol.

Abstract: A method of measuring fluctuations in electric fields is disclosed, the method comprising the step of: placing a Liquid Crystal Device in communication with the electric field, the device having disparate orthogonal polarization sensitivity to an external electric field; utilizing an optical probe beam having a known polarization state to interrogate the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal device to produce a response beam; and analyzing the polarization state of the response beam to provide an indicator of the corresponding fluctuations in the electric field.

Abstract: A theft-prevention exhibition device includes a first unit, which comprises a microprocessor, a radiofrequency (RF) transceiver, a first alarm, a first switch, a power source, wherein the microprocessor is electrically connected with the RF transceiver, the first alarm, and the first switch; a second unit, which comprises a memory, a magnetic induction coil, and a wire retractor; a connecting plate adapted to be connected to a display item, wherein the connecting plate comprises a second switch; a wire rope spooled on the wire retractor and connected to the connecting plate, wherein the wire rope connects with the second switch, the memory, and the magnetic induction coil to form a circuit.

Abstract: Tracker systems are disclosed, the system mountable on a device having one or more rotary component, comprising: an optical tracker having circuitry that causes the optical tracker to transmit one or more optical signal to be deflected by, and received back from, the one or more rotary component of the device, the optical tracker having circuitry transmitting data indicative of a distance; an orientation/motion sensor having circuitry that automatically determines data indicative of the orientation and motion of the optical tracker; and one or more computer processor that utilizes the optical tracker determined distance and the orientation/motion sensor data to determine track error of the one or more rotary component of the device, and transmits data indicative of the track error.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable device (10) for determining a heart rate of a person (20), comprising a heart rate measurement unit, a motion measurement unit for measuring the motion of a body part (12), and a processing unit. The processing unit is adapted to measure a signal quality of the heart rate signal and accordingly switch between two calculation modes: If the signal quality is above a predefined threshold, the heart rate is calculated based on the heart rate signal. If the signal quality is so poor that a reliable calculation of the heart rate is technically not possible anymore based on the heart rate signal, the processing unit switches to its second calculation mode, in which the heart rate is estimated based on the motion signal by estimating a heart rate constant, which depends on the frequency of the motion signal, and defining an exponential development of the heart rate, starting at the last reliably measured heart rate and finishing at the estimated heart rate constant.

Abstract: In an optoelectrical connector including two connectors to be interconnected, each having at least one optical connection part and at least two electrical connection parts, the electrical connection parts of one of the connectors are pins and the electrical connection parts of the other connector are spring contacts. The connector having the spring contacts includes, before the spring contacts, positioning holes in which the pins are to be inserted. The tips of the pins come into contact with the spring contacts to make electrical connection. The bases of the pins fit in the positioning holes to perform positioning for optical connection. The optoelectrical connector can be smaller, lighter, and thinner.

Abstract: A light microscope having a sample plane for positioning a sample, and a light source for emitting illumination light, includes optical imaging means for guiding the illumination light into the sample plane. A detector device having a plurality of detector elements for detecting sample light coming from the sample. Adjacent detector elements are at a distance from one another which is smaller than an Airy-Disk produced by a point of the sample plane on the detector device. A scanning device has at least a first and a second optical arrangement simultaneously movable in a common direction for producing an illumination scanning movement and a detection scanning movement, which are opposite to one another.

Abstract: Inspection with multiple illumination regions includes generating a primary beam of illumination directed along a primary illumination direction, transmitting a portion of the primary beam of illumination along a first illumination direction, deflecting a portion of the primary beam of illumination along a second illumination direction different from the first illumination direction with one or more angular selection elements, focusing the transmitted portion of the primary beam of illumination onto a first inspection region of the substrate, and focusing the deflected portion of the primary beam of illumination onto a second inspection region of the substrate being spatially separated from the first inspection region.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for identifying entities and communicating using lightweight and wearable free space optical systems. A variety of optical and electronic elements are used to enable communications and identification in an environment where identification and communication must be accomplished to address a variety of constraints. Such constraints can include frequency congested environments or environments in which communication should be done using non radio frequency (RF) systems. Embodiments include converting data into optical signals that are transmitted using a laser which are received by optical receivers and converted into audio output.

Abstract: A light tower assembly for the high density illumination of an indoor or outdoor area by a portable power plant or a stationary power source includes at least one vertical support shaft, at least one cross member attached to the vertical support shaft and at least on omnidirectional heavy duty LED light bracket attached to the cross member, providing support to a high lumen LED light, with the heavy duty LED light bracket being moveably aimed within a range of 360 degrees from a pivotal mounting point on the cross member.

Abstract: Systems and methods for electromagnetically controlling the muzzle velocity of a conventional gun using a coil gun on a barrel extension. This method can also provide an electromagnetically induced increase to muzzle velocity beyond that capable by conventional explosives. With higher muzzle velocity, the weapons will have longer range, higher penetrating power and stand-off distances. A section of coil gun can also be used to center the projectile in the barrel to control the exit trajectory. Using a coil gun to control muzzle velocity and center the projectile can be a retrofit to existing weapons that would greatly increase their down-range accuracy.

Abstract: A PV module is formed having an array of PV cells, where the cells are separated by gaps. Each cell contains an array of small silicon sphere diodes (10-300 microns in diameter) connected in parallel. The diodes and conductor layers may be patterned by printing. A continuous metal substrate supports the diodes and conductor layers in all the cells. A dielectric substrate is laminated to the metal substrate. Trenches are then formed by laser ablation around the cells to sever the metal substrate to form electrically isolated PV cells. A metallization step is then performed to connect the cells in series to increase the voltage output of the PV module. An electrically isolated bypass diode for each cell is also formed by the trenching step. The metallization step connects the bypass diode and its associated cell in a reverse-parallel relationship.

Abstract: A system includes a visual data collector for collecting visual information from an image of one or more features of an object. The system also includes a physical data collector for collecting sensor information provided by at one or more sensors attached to the object. The system also includes a computer system that includes a motion data combiner for combining the visual information the sensor information. The motion data combiner is configured to determine the position of a representation of one or more of the feature in a virtual representation of the object from the combined visual information and sensor information. Various types of virtual representations may be provided from the combined information, for example, one or more poses (e.g., position and orientation) of the object may be represented.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining solar cell characteristics includes a quantum efficiency measurement tool configured to measure an external quantum efficiency of the solar cell and a reflectivity measurement tool configured to measure the reflectivity of the solar cell. The apparatus also includes a capacitance measurement tool configured to measure the capacitance of the solar cell and a processor configured to calculate a diffusion length of the solar cell based on the measured quantum efficiency, reflectivity and capacitance of the solar cell.

Abstract: A simple type dual axes optoelectronic level includes a carrier, an adjustable fixing mechanism, a level sensing device, a container cup holding a liquid, and a reflector. The adjustable fixing mechanism and the container cup are fixed at the carrier. The level sensing device is fixed at the adjustable fixing mechanism and faces the container cup. The reflector is fixed at the bottom surface of the container cup. The level sensing device provides a measuring light beam, which is refracted by the liquid surface to the reflector, and reflected back to the liquid surface by the reflector, and refracted again by the liquid surface to the level sensing device. Through the refraction effect, the level sensing device can detect two angles between the bottom surface of the carrier and the liquid surface. The dual axes optoelectronic level has advantages of simple structure, low cost and differentiating angles of two axes.

Abstract: Plasma devices and methods for using such plasma devices in analytical measurements are disclosed. In certain examples, a low flow plasma may be operative using a total argon gas flow of less than about five liters per minute, and in some embodiments, a plasma argon gas flow of less than about four liter per minute. In other examples, a plasma produced using inductive and capacitive coupling is disclosed.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided with a display and a light sensor that receives light that passes through the display. The display includes features that increase the amount of light that passes through the display. The features may be translucency enhancement features that allow light to pass directly through the display onto a light sensor mounted behind the display or may include a light-guiding layer that guides light through the display onto a light sensor mounted along an edge of the display. The translucency enhancement features may be formed in a reflector layer or an electrode layer for the display. The translucency enhancement features may include microperforations in a reflector layer of the display, a light-filtering reflector layer of the display, or a reflector layer of the display that passes a portion of the light and reflects an additional portion of the light.

Abstract: This invention applies optical sensing technology with an ultrasound inspection system to associate encoded position data with the inspection data. The compact electronics of the optical system can be attached to the inspection assembly to allow fully encoded position information to be associated with the ultrasonic, eddy current, or other nondestructive examination data without substantially impacting the overall envelope of the NDE inspection equipment. Moreover, because of the small size, the optical system can be used in tandem to monitor skew or twist of the inspection equipment with respect to the normal rectilinear transducer orientation. The inspection equipment position information is then coupled to the inspection data to provide data outputs equivalent to fully encoded multi-axis manipulator automated scans, but with less setup burden and equipment expense.

Abstract: A system may communicate between a display device and a lighting system using light generated by the display device and a light sensor in the lighting system. A computing device and a building control system may communication over a wireless link. The building control system may determine that the computing device is co-located with a fixture in the building control system based on whether communication over the wireless link between the computing device and the building control system is detected.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multifunctional digital type anti-glare device which adds various functions such as a timer function, a stopwatch function, a world time display function, and a compass function. The multifunctional digital type anti-glare device includes an optical detection unit, an electromagnetic wave sensor unit, an electromagnetic wave detection unit, a control unit, a light transmission control unit for controlling variation in light transmissivity of an anti-glare plate depending upon an output signal of the control unit, a geomagnetic sensor for detecting an azimuth using the earth's magnetic field, and a compass display unit for displaying points of a compass depending upon the azimuth detected by the geomagnetic sensor.

Abstract: A mobile device including a source for emitting electromagnetic radiation, an enclosure having a side wall, and a detector for detecting electromagnetic radiation emitted by the source is described. At least a portion of the sidewall is adapted to transmit electromagnetic radiation from the source. The source and detector are positioned inside the enclosure. The detector is spaced from the source, and is arranged to detect electromagnetic radiation from the source that is reflected from an object outside the enclosure and passes through the portion of the side wall.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing solid articles includes a housing and at least one vacuum source. The housing defines a hopper chamber to hold the articles and a dispensing channel fluidly connected to the hopper chamber. The dispensing channel has an inlet and an outlet defining a dispensing flow path therebetween. The vacuum source is adapted to provide a vacuum pressure and induce a gas flow in the housing. The apparatus is configured to generate a forward drive gas flow from the vacuum pressure and induced gas flow, and the forward drive gas flow conveys articles through the dispensing channel along the dispensing flow path in a direction from the inlet to the outlet to dispense the articles.

Abstract: A Solar Access Measurement Device (“SAMD”) located at a predetermined position is disclosed. The SAMD may include a skyline detector enabled to detect a skyline of a horizon relative to the SAMD, an orientation determination unit enabled to determine the orientation of the skyline detector, and a processor in signal communication with the skyline detector and orientation determination unit.

Abstract: Provided herein is an encoder including a position detecting device provided with a gear mechanism and an optical encoder device. A housing includes a bearing holder provided between a first housing portion and a second housing portion of the housing. The bearing holder serves as a partition wall portion configured to separate the gear mechanism from the optical encoder device. If the gear mechanism is separated from the optical encoder device, abrasion powder or grease can be reliably prevented from scattering from the gear mechanism to adhere to constituent parts of the optical encoder device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a charged particle lithography system comprising a beam generator for generating a plurality of charged particle beamlets, a beam stop array and a modulation device. The beam stop array has a surface for blocking beamlets from reaching a target surface and an aperture array in the surface for allowing beamlets to reach the target surface. The modulation device is arranged for modulating the beamlets by deflecting or not deflecting the beamlets so that the beamlets are blocked or not blocked by the beam stop array. A surface area of the modulation device comprises an elongated beam area comprising an array of apertures and associated modulators, and a power interface area for accommodating a power arrangement for powering elements within the modulation device. The power interface area is located alongside a long side of the elongated beam area and extending in a direction substantially parallel thereto.

Abstract: There is provided a high power laser system for powering a remotely located laser device, such as an ROV, using a high power laser fiber optic tether and a photo-conversion device, such as a laser photovoltaic assembly. Laser device systems, such as ROV systems that utilizes a high power laser cutting and/or cleaning tools are also provided.

Abstract: An e-Petri dish comprising a transparent layer having a specimen surface and a light detector configured to sample a sequence of sub-pixel shifted projection images of a specimen located on the specimen surface. The sub-pixel shifted projection images associated with light from a plurality of illumination angles provided by an illumination source.