Abstract: A radiation imaging apparatus connected to a radiation generation apparatus which generates radiation and a sensor which accumulates a charge corresponding to an irradiating dose on a detection surface acquires a radiation image by driving the sensor upon generation of radiation by the radiation generation apparatus and acquires a dark image by driving the sensor without generation of radiation by the radiation generation apparatus. The radiation imaging apparatus adjusts a driving timing of the sensor so as to set a time difference between two starts of reading charge from the sensor to acquire the radiation image and reading charge from the sensor to obtain the dark image to an integer multiple of a predetermined time.

Abstract: An electronic cassette that is equipped with a drive mechanism capable of accommodating a radiation detection section respectively in two casings and that is capable of changing the surface area of the radiation detection section to be externally exposed and the exposure position on the radiation detection section. Deterioration of the radiation detection section from radiation can be distributed due to control such that the same exposure position is not repeatedly employed. An electronic cassette is accordingly provided that does not suffer from uneven effects of deterioration from radiation within a single sheet radiation detection section even with repeated use.

Abstract: The invention comprises an apparatus comprising a water-proof housing assembly comprising a housing (20) and a display panel (10, 32), and incorporating an enclosure (30) containing electrical apparatus, wherein said display panel is formed from a clear material (16) encapsulating a visual display (12) and/or a light-source (34) and said apparatus is capable of operating in water at a pressure of at least 300 bar without ingress of water into the enclosure. The apparatus may be used as an instrument or a lighting unit in sub-sea environments. The invention comprises further a light-source attachment for a powered apparatus comprising a light source embedded within a block of clear material (16) and means for mounting said block on the powered apparatus such that a connector connects the light source to a power source within the powered apparatus.

Abstract: A security scanner includes a scanner configured to transmit a scanning beam toward a target and detect a returned beam. The security scanner also includes a processing circuit configured to receive a characteristic of the target to be scanned, determine an allowable dosage based on the characteristic, adjust a parameter of the scanning beam based on the allowable dosage, and cause the parameter to be used in the scanning of the target.

Abstract: A technology of inspecting a photoexcited carrier generation area of a photo device in a non-contact manner is provided. An inspection apparatus inspects a photovoltaic cell panel in which the photo device is formed. The inspection apparatus includes an irradiation part that irradiates the photovoltaic cell panel with pulsed light from a light receiving surface side and a detecting part (detector) that detects electric field intensity of a terahertz wave pulse, which is generated according to the irradiation of the pulsed light.

Abstract: A method of analysis for detecting and reporting the presence of low levels of ionizing radiation in spaces such as cargo shipping containers. Radiation detectors are placed inside the containers and the method is invokable while the containers are in transit. The difference between radiation emanating from inside the container and radiation emanating from outside the container is determined to detect and identify low levels of radiation. The detected and identified radiation is comparable with the container manifest to determine whether the radiation is from sources identified in the manifest or is likely to be contraband.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system for protecting a reflective optic and/or any other surface in a plasma-based illumination system from debris by actively flowing gas against the debris flow direction. According to various embodiments, a vacuum chamber is configured to contain a target material, wherein a laser or discharge produced plasma is generated in response to an excitation of the target material. One or more outlets within the chamber are configured to receive gas flowing from a fluidically coupled gas source and further configured to actively flow the gas towards a source of debris and away from the reflective optic or any other protected surface at a controlled flow rate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is the use of differences in x-ray linear absorption coefficients to process ore and remove elements with higher atomic number from elements with lower atomic numbers. Use of this dry method at the mine reduces pollution and transportation costs. One example of said invention is the ejection of inclusions with sulfur, silicates, mercury, arsenic and radioactive elements from coal. This reduces the amount and toxicity of coal ash. It also reduces air emissions and the energy required to clean stack gases from coal combustion. Removal of said ejected elements improves thermal efficiency and reduces the pollution and carbon footprint for electrical production.

Abstract: In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention, a portable inspection system is disclosed to wirelessly capture inspection data, such as for example an infrared image, sound information, and/or electrical measurement information. The inspection data may be securely recorded (e.g., with an encryption algorithm) along with associated information, which may include for example date, time, system settings, operator identification, and location.

Abstract: Fouling in the fill portion of a cooling tower is monitored by transmitting radiation through a cooling tower, detecting the amount of radiation that has penetrated the cooling tower, and calculating the density of the fill portion of the cooling tower based on the detected radiation. A higher than expected density indicates the presence of fouling on the fill portion of the cooling tower. A rate of fouling may be established by monitoring the density of the fill portion of the cooling tower over time.

Abstract: A system for transporting objects includes an endless belt to transport objects. Optically visible indicia may be associated with a position on the endless belt. Machine-detectable indicia correlated with the optically visible indicia may be associated with a substantially similar position on the endless belt as the optically visible indicia.

Abstract: A TeraMOS sensor based on a CMOS-SOI-MEMS transistor, thermally isolated by the MEMS post-processing, designed specifically for the detection of THz radiation which may be directly integrated with the CMOS-SOI readout circuitry, in order to achieve a breakthrough in performance and cost. The TeraMOS sensor provides a low-cost, high performance THz passive or active imaging system (roughly in the range of 0.5-1.5 THz) by combining several leading technologies: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)-Silicon on Insulator (SOI), Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and photonics. An array of TeraMOS sensors, integrated with readout circuitry and driving and supporting circuitry provides a monolithic focal plane array or imager. This imager is designed in a commercial CMOS-SOI Fab and the MEMS micromachining is provided as post-processing step in order to reduce cost.

Abstract: A muon monitoring system for particle radiation therapy includes: a shield for a selective passing, by eliminating particles and radiation produced due to the high energy particles and radiation pulses, of the delay positrons emitted due to decay of muons stopped at a position corresponding to the Bragg peak position; a positron detector for detecting positrons from a designated direction and detecting the delay positrons passed through the shield opening by each of positron detecting plates for providing information of positron produced positions and time of delay simultaneous signals; and a control/analysis apparatus generating a delay signal at a timing delayed by a predetermined time period from a completion of irradiation of the high energy particle radiation pulses, and performing a process to generate ?SR signals segmented for each positron generating position by analyzing detected results obtained by operating the positron detector for a predetermined number of times.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring device for measuring the radiation dose, and a method for checking a radiotherapy device. The measuring device comprises a water phantom (21), a mechanical device (2, 54) is designed to move the water phantom (21), and a control device (3, 55). The water phantom (21) comprises a detector device (23), which is adapted to detect ionizing radiation, and the control device (3, 55) is designed to control the mechanical device (2, 54) in such a manner that it moves the water phantom (2) according to a movement of a patient, which the patient makes during an irradiation with a radiotherapy device.

Abstract: A method of spatially relaying a first radiation component (1) having a first wavelength and a second radiation component (2) having a second wavelength different from the first radiation component (1), using an optical relaying device (10) which comprises a transparent plate (11) having anti-reflection coatings (12, 13) on both side surfaces thereof, comprises transmitting the first radiation component (1) across the optical relaying device (10) with predetermined incident (a) and emergent angles (?), resp., wherein said anti-reflection coatings (12, 13) being effective for the first radiation component (1) at the incident and emergent angles (?, ?), resp., and reflecting the second radiation component (2) at the optical relaying device (10) with a predetermined reflection angle (a) being equal to at least one of said incident and emergent angles (?, ?), wherein the first and second radiation components (1, 2) are split from each other toward different directions or combined into a common beam path.

Abstract: A method of examining a sample comprises mounting the sample on a sample holder; directing a beam of radiation onto a location on the sample, thereby causing a flux of stimulated photonic radiation to emanate from said location; examining said flux using a multi-channel photon-counting detector, thus accruing a measured spectrum for said location; automatically repeating said directing and examining steps for a series of successive locations, the method of which comprises choosing a beam parameter of the input beam that will influence a magnitude of said flux of stimulated photonic radiation; for each location within a first set of locations on the sample, accruing a spectrum using a first value of said beam parameter; for each location within a second set of locations on the sample, accruing a spectrum using a second value of said beam parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a passive radiometric imaging device and a corresponding method for scanning a scene. The proposed device comprises a radiometer that detects radiation emitted in a predetermined spectral range from a spot of said scene and for generating a radiation signal from said detected radiation, a spot movement means that effects a movement of the spot, from which the radiation is detected, to various positions, a controller that controls said spot movement means to effect the movement of the spot from one position to another position after a random time interval, and a processor that processes the radiation signals detected from the spot at said various positions and for reconstructing an image of said scene by applying compressive sensing. With this device an increase of the temperature resolution of the reconstructed image can be obtained.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for transmittance mapping of an object which is at least partially transparent to deep ultraviolet radiation. The method comprises directing a wide-band deep ultraviolet radiation so as to illuminate different areas of an array of successive areas of the object; using an optical detector positioned on an opposite side of the object with respect to the radiation source detecting the wide-band deep ultraviolet radiation that emerges from the object; and processing signals from the optical detector to determine the transmittance of the radiation through the different areas of the array of successive areas of the object.

Abstract: An image sensor for short-wavelength light and charged particles includes a semiconductor membrane, circuit elements formed on one surface of the semiconductor membrane, and a pure boron layer on the other surface of the semiconductor membrane. This image sensor has high efficiency and good stability even under continuous use at high flux for multiple years. The image sensor may be fabricated using CCD (charge coupled device) or CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) technology. The image sensor may be a two-dimensional area sensor, or a one-dimensional array sensor. The image sensor can be included in an electron-bombarded image sensor and/or in an inspection system.

Abstract: A measuring device, in particular a handheld measuring device, for the localization of objects enclosed in a medium, including at least one photometric sensor that obtains by way of the at least one photometric sensor a first measurement signal of the object to be examined, so that by evaluation of that measurement signal, information about an object enclosed in the medium is obtained, and at least one further sensor, for generating at least one further second measurement signal for obtaining information about the object enclosed in the medium. A method for the localization, by way of a photometric sensor, of objects enclosed in a medium.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems for obtaining tomographic images of a volume of interest by using charged particle tomography detection systems.

Abstract: A solid rocket motor having a liner surrounding a propellant includes an array of transmitter elements and receiver elements disposed within the liner. Transmitter electronics provide the transmitter elements with a transmit signal and receiver electronics receive the outputs of the receiver elements. The outputs are analyzed to determine any defects in the propellant.

Abstract: A method and system for using Threat Imaging Projection (TIP) technology, and the operator testing data that it generates, in order to certify x-ray inspection system operators and thereby assure an acceptable and uniform level of operator performance. In a preferred configuration, the operator views x-ray images of objects on a screening system equipped with TIP technology. When the operator believes that a threat item image appears on the screening system, the operator indicates such via an indicating means. The system is capable of recording, storing and transmitting individual operator performance data relating to proper detections, missed detections, and false alarms, i.e., when an operator indicates that a threat item image appears when no such image actually appears on the screening system. The system preferably contains a library of various threat item images, e.g., guns, bombs, knives, etc., which are classified according to type of threat and difficulty of detection.

Abstract: A detector detects an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 0.01 THz?f?100 THz and transmitted through a device under test (DUT). A changer changes a relative position of an intersection of an optical path of the electromagnetic wave and the DUT, with respect to the DUT. A deriver derives a characteristic value of the electromagnetic wave based on a detection result of the detector, while the characteristic value is associated with an assumed relative position, which is the relative position if the electromagnetic wave is not refracted by the DUT. A corrector changes the assumed relative position to an actual relative position, which is the relative position if the refraction of the electromagnetic wave by the DUT is considered. A corrected deriver derives the characteristic value associated with a predetermined relative position based on an output from the corrector.

Abstract: A device which includes a sealed neutron tube, equipped with an alpha particle detector and a gamma radiation detector is placed in a first position. Steps are performed in which neutrons are sent towards an object and in which data provided by the detectors is acquired and processed in order to obtain a three-dimensional mapping of the object. Further, at least one displacement of the device is performed around the object so as to place it in another position, and the steps are repeated wherein, each mapping is geometrically corrected so that it may be updated relative to the set of all mappings, and these mappings are then combined together.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting radioactivity of a whole body is disclosed. The apparatus for detecting radioactivity of a whole body is divided into upper and lower parts, the upper and lower parts are divided into front, rear, left and right portions, respectively, a radioactivity detection unit is installed at each of the front, rear, left and right portions, radioactivity values detected by each of the radioactivity detection units are compared and analyzed such that radioactivity values detected by the radioactivity detection units positioned at upper front and rear parts are compared, radioactivity values detected by the radioactivity detection units positioned at upper left and right parts are compared, and also radioactivity values detected by the lower radioactivity detection units are compared in the same manner, thus determining whether or not the internal parts or external parts of the body of a detection target have been contaminated by radioactivity.

Abstract: The invention comprises an apparatus comprising a water-proof housing assembly comprising a housing (20) and a display panel (10, 32), and incorporating an enclosure (30) containing electrical apparatus, wherein said display panel is formed from a clear material (16) encapsulating a visual display (12) and/or a light-source (34) and said apparatus is capable of operating in water at a pressure of at least 300 bar without ingress of water into the enclosure. The apparatus may be used as an instrument or a lighting unit in sub-sea environments. The invention comprises further a light-source attachment for a powered apparatus comprising a light source embedded within a block of clear material (16) and means for mounting said block on the powered apparatus such that a connector connects the light source to a power source within the powered apparatus.

Abstract: A system and method are described for capturing and analyzing gamma rays from neutron excitation of a region in 3-space being analyzed for explosives. A processor analyzes the results, determining whether underground explosives are present in a particular region of the ground. In one embodiment, one gamma ray energy band is used to infer an amount of silicon in the region, while another indicates the combined amount of silicon and nitrogen. The concentration of nitrogen in the region is inferred and used to trigger an “explosive found” or a “no explosive found” signal. In other embodiments, the system or method uses inferences about other elemental constituents of the ground being examined, sometimes taking as input analyzes from prior scans, and providing output indicating the likelihood of the presence of explosives in the region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method to aid in these inspections that avoid the disadvantages of the prior art. The system and method are operative to take thickness measurements of, and thus evaluate the condition of, materials including but not limited to refractory materials, operating in frequency bands that result in less loss than previously known technologies, and utilizing a system configuration and signal processing techniques that isolate the reflected signal of interest from other spurious antenna reflections, particularly by creating (through the configuration of the antenna assembly) a time delay between such spurious reflections and the actual reflected signal of interest, thus enabling better isolation of the signal of interest.

Abstract: A system and method of performing acoustic thermography in which invalid data is filtered from data used to detect defects on a structure. An ultrasonic sound input signal is provided to a structure to produce a thermal image output. A sensor senses an input energy corresponding to the sound input signal and produces an input energy signal. The input energy signal is transformed to a test spectrum and is compared to a reference spectrum. The comparison of the test spectrum to the reference spectrum is used to determine whether to include the thermal image output in an analysis for detecting defects in the structure.

Abstract: An analyzer system (20) including an on-belt analyzer having a housing (2) adapted to be positioned across a path of a conveyor belt (3) which carries material to be analyzed, wherein the housing defines a tunnel (9) dimensioned to allow the belt to travel therethrough in suspended relation in order to allow analysis of the material without the belt contacting the analyzer (1).

Abstract: A detection apparatus and an imaging apparatus are capable of accurately conducting non-destructive observation of a target by using an incoherent electromagnetic wave. The detection apparatus has a generating section, a first coupler section, a delaying section, a second coupler section and a signal processing section. The generating section 101 includes a coherent electromagnetic wave source 102 and a diffusing section 103 for generating a pseudoincoherent electromagnetic wave by changing a propagation state of the coherent electromagnetic wave in accordance with a code pattern. The incoherent electromagnetic wave is split into first and second waves and the first wave is affected by the target of observation while the second wave is delayed by the delaying section. The first and second waves are then coupled to produce a coupled wave having a correlation signal of them and the signal is utilized to acquire information on the inside of the target of observation.

Abstract: A first image including a projection of a portion is generated based on data representing attenuation of higher-energy radiation having a peak energy of at least 1 MeV that passes through a portion of an inspection volume. A second image including a projection of the portion is generated based on data representing attenuation of lower-energy radiation passing through the portion of the inspection volume. A dual-pixel image is created from the first image and the second image. A region of interest is selected from the dual-pixel image. A first basis function that is derived from an attenuation characteristic associated with the region of interest is selected. The region of interest is represented in terms of an amplitude associated with the first basis function and an amplitude associated with the second basis function.

Abstract: A method of measuring characteristics of a specimen by holding the specimen on an aperture array structure, which is formed of a flat plate and which includes at least two apertures penetrating therethrough in a direction perpendicular to a principal surface thereof; applying a linearly-polarized electromagnetic wave to the aperture array structure on which the specimen is held; and detecting a frequency characteristic of the electromagnetic wave having transmitted through the aperture array structure. The aperture array structure has a lattice structure in which the apertures are periodically arrayed at least in one direction in the principal surface of the aperture array structure, and a ratio (s/A) of a lattice spacing (s) of the aperture array structure to a thickness (A) of the specimen is 100 or less.

Abstract: A system and method for detection of special nuclear materials within a larger space is disclosed and claimed. Gamma rays emitted from special nuclear materials upon neutron interrogation detected. An associated-particle neutron generator provides interrogation neutrons.

Abstract: Fouling in the fill portion of a cooling tower is monitored by transmitting radiation through a cooling tower, detecting the amount of radiation that has penetrated the cooling tower, and calculating the density of the fill portion of the cooling tower based on the detected radiation. A higher than expected density indicates the presence of fouling on the fill portion of the cooling tower. A rate of fouling may be established by monitoring the density of the fill portion of the cooling tower over time.

Abstract: A paper machine clothing (PMC) fabric including a plurality of monofilament yarns, at least some of the monofilament yarns having a composition which includes an additive for detecting a defect on the paper machine clothing fabric.

Abstract: A modular radiation integrator assembly including a radiation source that emits radiation, a first integrator module including a first input port and a first output port, an adjust tube configured to partially receive the first integrator module and engage the radiation source in a manner such that the radiation emitted by the radiation source travels to and enters the first input port, and a second integrator module including a second input port and second output port, the second integrator module couplable to the first integrator module outside the adjust tube in a manner such that the radiation exits the first output port and enters the second input port.

Abstract: A radioactive ray generating apparatus includes a second shielding member, a target, and a first shielding member, which are sequentially disposed from an electron emission source side. A shortest distance from a maximum radiation intensity portion of the target to the first shielding member is shorter than a shortest distance from the maximum radiation intensity portion of the target to the second shielding member.

Abstract: The inventive body scanner is used to screen persons entering a security controlled area for the presence of security threats hidden under the clothing, such as guns, knifes, explosives and contraband. The Invention is an improvement on prior art body scanners that operate primarily by acquiring backscatter x-ray images, but only acquire transmission images over a limited part of the person's body. These prior art systems provide x-ray sources on the anterior and posterior sides of the person being screened, and x-ray sensitive detectors on the sides of these x-ray sources. While sufficient for backscatter imaging, the gaps between these detectors results in blind areas in the transmission images, resulting in lower ability to detect security threats hidden under the clothing. The present Invention overcomes these limitations of the prior art by providing x-ray sensitive detector on the outside of the x-ray sources.

Abstract: An imaging system can include an imaging capturing portion, an image processing unit, a main power supply and a supplemental power supply. The image capturing portion can include a source that emits an emission signal towards a target to be imaged, and a receiver that receives the emission signal emitted by the source. The image processing unit can receive the received emission signal from the imaging capturing portion and generate image data based on the received emission signal. The main power supply can be coupled to the imaging capturing portion and the imaging processing unit for providing operational power thereto. The supplemental power supply can be coupled to the main power supply and the imaging processing unit. The supplemental power supply can be charged by the main power supply in a first mode and provide operational power to the imaging processing unit in a second mode.

Abstract: A monitor part performs monitoring by detecting contamination on a lower surface of an article to be inspected based on a lower surface detection signal, detecting contamination on an upper surface of the article based on an upper surface detection signal, detecting contamination on a front surface of the article based on a front, lower surface detection signal and a front, upper surface detection signal, detecting contamination on a rear surface of the article based on a rear, lower surface detection signal and a rear, upper surface detection signal, detecting contamination on a left surface of the article based on a left, lower surface detection signal and a left, upper surface detection signal, and detecting contamination on a right surface of the article based on a right, lower surface detection signal and a right, upper surface detection signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for inspecting the contents of a cargo container includes a neutron source having an ion source configured to provide deuterium or tritium ions and an accelerator configured to accelerate the ions toward a target having at least one of deuterium or tritium. The apparatus further includes a radiation detector where the neutron source is configured to deliver a neutron flux into the container and the radiation detector is configured to detect radiation exiting the container subsequent to the delivery of the neutron flux into the container.

Abstract: The subject matter described herein includes methods, systems, and computer program products for measuring the density of a material. According to one aspect, a material property gauge includes a nuclear density gauge for measuring the density of a material. A radiation source adapted to emit radiation into a material and a radiation detector operable to produce a signal representing the detected radiation. A first material property calculation function may calculate a value associated with the density of the material based upon the signal produced by the radiation detector. The material property gauge includes an electromagnetic moisture property gauge that determines a moisture property of the material. An electromagnetic field generator may generate an electromagnetic field where the electromagnetic field sweeps through one or more frequencies and penetrates into the material.

Abstract: Techniques, apparatus and systems for detecting particles such as muons for imaging applications. Subtraction techniques are described to enhance the processing of the muon tomography data.

Abstract: A display with function of dark shining and currency identifier is provided. The display comprises a micro controller, a button unit and an ultraviolet emitter. The button unit contains an ultraviolet button, and the button unit might output an ultraviolet signal (SUV) to the micro controller if the ultraviolet button is pressed. The ultraviolet emitter connects to the micro controller, and the micro controller may receive the ultraviolet signal (SUV) so as to drive the ultraviolet emitter to emit ultraviolet light. Whereby, the display may achieve function of dark shining and currency identifying by means of the ultraviolet light.

Abstract: In a specimen identification system, an oscillator directs a THz wave toward a channel that accommodates a specimen. A receiver detects the THz wave transmitted through the specimen. A first controller controls the oscillator to sweep the oscillation frequency of the THz wave within a frequency band. A receiver generates a receiving signal by sweeping the receiving frequency of the THz wave within the frequency band. A specimen identification unit specifies the specimen based on the waveform of the receiving signal within the frequency band.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a mirror array having a plurality of mirrors and a control system. The plurality of mirrors is capable of receiving a signal for an image. The control system is capable of controlling a first portion of the plurality of mirrors in the mirror array to direct a first portion of the signal to a detector. The control system is also capable of controlling a second portion of the plurality of mirrors in the mirror array to direct a second portion of the signal away from the detector.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of examining an object is disclosed comprising scanning an object at first and second radiation energies, detecting radiation at the first and second energies, and calculating a function of the radiation detected at the first and second energies. The function may be calculated for corresponding portions of the object. It is determined whether the object at least potentially comprises high atomic number material having an atomic number greater than a predetermined atomic number based, at least in part, on the function. The function may be a ratio. The function may be compared to a second function, which may be a threshold having a value based, at least in part, on material of the predetermined atomic number. The second function may be the same as the first function.

Abstract: A detection frame for a lifting device is provided. The frame supports a detection system whilst the frame is attached to a lifting device, the lifting device used for lifting freight, the frame comprising attachment brackets for attaching the frame to the lifting device; at least one platform for mounting the detection system to the frame, such that the frame is in spaced relation to the freight whilst mounted to the lifting device.