Abstract: Among other things, one or more tiles for an indirect-conversation radiation detector array are provided herein. Respective tiles comprise a detector sub-assembly and an electronic sub-assembly, which are operably coupled together, yet selectively removable, via a connection interface. When an electronic sub-assembly portion of a tile, which comprises a signal acquisition system (e.g., an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), functions improperly, the electronic sub-assembly portion of the tile may be selectively removed for repair/replacement without removing and/or replacing the detector sub-assembly (e.g., which may be much more costly to replace). Similarly, when the detector sub-assembly portion of a tile functions improperly, the detector sub-assembly portion of the tile may be selectively removed for repair/replacement without removing and/or replacing the electronic sub-assembly portion of the tile (e.g.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a planar and volumetric dosimeter for use with a radiotherapy machine having a radiation source. The dosimeter includes a scintillating assembly including a plurality of scintillating optical fibers and configured to generate a light output in response to incident dose distribution thereon from the radiation source, and a photo-detector operable to convert optical energy emitted by the scintillating assembly to electrical signals for determining actual two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) dose distribution incident on the scintillating assembly using a tomographic reconstruction algorithm.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a radiography system and a radiography method. A radiation output device has a plurality of radiation sources disposed along a predetermined plane. Also, in accordance with whether an imaging state is a still image mode or a moving picture mode, at least one of the radiation sources that outputs radiation among the plurality of radiation sources is selected.

Abstract: Described is a method for determination of an unknown radiation dose to which an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) sensor has been exposed utilizing a pulsed optically stimulated luminescence (POSL) technique and a battery operated portable instrument.

Abstract: An apparatus and a corresponding system and method for reading out X-ray information stored in a storage phosphor plate, includes a receiving device, in particular a cassette, for receiving the storage phosphor plate, a removal device for removing the storage phosphor plate from the receiving device, and a reading device for irradiating the storage phosphor plate removed from the receiving device with stimulation light and for detecting emitted light excited thereby in the storage phosphor plate.

Abstract: An X-ray detector having an active array comprising pixel elements for detecting X-ray radiation is provided to enable high-quality X-ray imaging, wherein each pixel element has a scintillator layer for converting X-ray radiation into light and a photodiode produced by means of CMOS technology for converting light into a measurable electrical signal, and wherein the pixel elements are arranged on a silicon substrate and a BOX (buried oxide) layer is sandwiched between the silicon substrate and the photodiode.

Abstract: A positron annihilation characteristics measurement system 10 comprises a positron source; radiation detection means 14 for detecting radiation emitted when a positron generated by the positron source is annihilated; and a positron detector 40 that detects a positron that is not injected into a measured sample S after being generated by the positron source. The positron source is disposed between the measured sample S and the positron detector. An arithmetic device 50 calculates the annihilation characteristics of the positron in the measured sample S after eliminating the radiation that is detected by the radiation detection means 14 and is expected to be emitted when the positron detected by the positron detector 40 is annihilated.

Abstract: A photon counting detector and a photon counting and detecting method using the same is provided. The photon counting detector includes readout circuits configured to count photons in multi-energy radiation incident to a sensor, the photons being counted with respect to each of a plurality of energy bands of the multi-energy radiation, the readout circuits respectively corresponding to pixels of a region onto which the multi-energy radiation is irradiated, each of the readout circuits being configured to count photons in a predetermined one of the energy bands, at least one of the readout circuits being configured to count photons in at least one of energy bands other than the predetermined one of the energy bands.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a computed radiography system, comprising a stimulating light source, a imaging plate (IP) positioned such that the stimulating light impinges the IP perpendicularly thereto producing photostimulated luminescence light (PLL) having a wave length different from said stimulating light source, a light collector having a bundle of optical fibers for collecting and transferring PLL emitted from the IP, the bundle providing with a liner end proximate to the IP and a two-dimensional end far away from the IP in which a plurality of optical fibers are arranged according to a constant rule, an optical filter in communication with said light collector for blocking stimulating light waves and passing PLL therethrough, a light detector for receiving PLL from the two-dimensional end of the bundle of the light collector.

Abstract: Excitation light beam is irradiated onto a test region while shifting the irradiation position thereof, when performing analysis of a target substance using an analysis chip having the test region within a flow channel through which a sample solution is caused to flow, for capturing the target substance within the sample solution. Fluorescence generated at the test region is detected as a plurality of adjustment fluorescence signals. The target substance is analyzed using fluorescence generated when the excitation light beam is irradiated at an irradiation position within the test region determined based on the plurality of adjustment fluorescence signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiation image capturing system and a method of adjusting the same. An image capturing condition setting unit sets a target, a filter, and a tube voltage as image capturing conditions depending on the sensitivity characteristics of a radiation conversion panel that is selected by a panel selector, in a radiation source and a radiation source control apparatus. Radiation image information of a subject is recorded in the radiation conversion panel according to the set image capturing conditions. An image processing condition setting unit sets image processing conditions corresponding to the sensitivity characteristics of the radiation conversion panel in an image processor. The image processor processes the radiation image information acquired from the radiation conversion panel according to the set image processing conditions.

Abstract: An imaging detector includes a scintillator array (202), a photosensor array (204) optically coupled to the scintillator array (202), a current-to-frequency (I/F) converter (314), and logic (312). The I/F converter (314) includes an integrator (302) and a comparator (310), and converts, during a current integration period, charge output by the photosensor array (204) into a digital signal having a frequency indicative of the charge. The logic (312) sets a gain of the integrator (302) for a next integration period based on the digital signal for the current integration period. In one instance, the gain is increased for the next integration period, relative to the gain for the current integration period, which allows for reducing an amount of bias current injected at an input of the I/F converter (314) to generate a measurable signal in the absence of radiation, which may reduce noise such as shot noise, flicker noise, and/or other noise.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation detector which comprises a tube and detector elements distributed over the tube. Such an arrangement can be used to provide information on a radiation beam prior to interaction with a patient and after interaction with the patient. The detector is particularly compact and therefore suited to use with apparatus where space is restricted. By a particular arrangement of detectors and optical fibers, the detector can provide data at all angles of rotation.

Abstract: A method for estimating a line or response in a positron emission tomography scanner having depth of interaction estimation capability. The method utilizes information from both detector modules detecting a coincident event. A joint probability density function combining factors accounting for intermediate Compton scattering interactions and/or a final interaction that may be either a Compton scattering interaction or photoelectric absorption is calculated. In a preferred embodiment, a Bayesian estimation scheme is used to integrate the PDF for all permutations of the measured signal pairs, and the permutation with the largest joint probability is selected to construct the estimated line of response.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system includes a conveyor apparatus configured for conveying a material and a water content measurement system positioned about the conveyor apparatus for determining water content in the material. A dimension characteristic measurement system for detecting one or more dimension characteristics of the material is provided and a computer device is configured to manipulate data received from the water content measurement system and the dimension characteristic measurement system to determine a water content of the material.

Abstract: A method and device for improving the optical performance (such as time resolution) of scintillation detectors using the optical bleaching technique are disclosed. Light of a selected wavelength is emitted by a light source into a scintillator. The wavelength is selected to meet the minimum energy requirement for releasing of charge carriers captured by the charge carrier traps in the scintillation material. Trap-mediated scintillation components are thus reduced by optical bleaching and the optical performance of the scintillator crystal and the detector is enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reactor for the photocatalytic treatment of liquid or gaseous streams, which reactor comprises a tube through which the stream to be treated flows, wherein, in the tube, there are arranged at least one light source, at least one flat means M1 provided with at least one photocatalytically active material and at least one flat means M2 reflecting the light radiation radiated by the at least one light source, wherein the reflecting surface of the at least one means M2 and the inner wall of the tube are at an angle greater than or equal to 0°, in such a manner that the light exiting from the light source is reflected by the at least one means M2 onto the photocatalytically active material, and to a method for the photocatalytic treatment of liquid or gaseous streams by irradiation with light in the reactor according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system, a device as well as a method for reading out X-ray information stored in a storage phosphor plate (1), comprising a storage phosphor plate (1) and a device for reading out X-ray information stored in the storage phosphor plate (1) comprising a light source (2) for generating stimulating light (3), which can excite the storage phosphor plate (1) to have it emitting first emission light, and a detector (7) for detecting the first emission light emitted by the storage phosphor plate (1).

Abstract: A radiation image pickup device includes: an image pickup section having a plurality of pixels and generating an electric signal according to incident radiation, the plurality of pixels each including a photoelectric conversion element and one or a plurality of transistors of a predetermined amplifier circuit; and a correction section subjecting signal data of the electric signal obtained in the image pickup section to predetermined correction process. The correction section makes a comparison between measurement data obtained by measuring an input-output characteristic of the amplifier circuit in each of the plurality of pixels and initial data on the input-output characteristic, and performs the correction process by the pixel individually, by using a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A detector array (110) of an imaging system (100) includes a radiation sensitive detector (114, 116) that detects radiation and generates a signal indicative thereof. A current-to-frequency (I/F) converter (202) converts the signal to a pulse train having a frequency indicative of the signal for an integration period. Circuitry (120) generates a first moment and at least one higher order moment based on the pulse train.

Abstract: By using a scintillation surveymeter with good calibration performance evaluation for a secondary standard radiation field, and a working standard part obtaining an ambient dose equivalent rate, in cooperation with a portable irradiator, and an irradiator lifter, a laser range finder and a laser locator of a relevant radiation source, in-situ calibration is capable of being performed on fixed, or large-scale, or continuous monitoring type radiation monitors to be calibrated stationed in nuclear power plants, nuclear medical departments, and other nuclear facility operating institutions. Moreover, a time-efficient and effective in-situ calibration method is further provided, which can be performed based upon a standard calibration field that is achieved using a portable 137Cs radiation source.

Abstract: The inversion algorithm based on the maximum entropy method (MEM) removes unwanted effects in high energy imaging which result from an uncollimated source interacting with a finitely thick scintillator. The algorithm takes as an input the image from the thick scintillator (TS) and the radiography setup geometry. The algorithm then outputs a restored image which appears as if taken with an infinitesimally thin scintillator (ITS). Inversion is accomplished by numerically generating a probabilistic model relating the ITS image to the TS image and then inverting this model on the TS image through MEM. This reconstruction technique can reduce the exposure time or the required source intensity without undesirable object blurring on the image by allowing the use of both thicker scintillators with higher efficiencies and closer source-to-detector distances to maximize incident radiation flux.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for optimizing an amount of radiation dose and acquisition time in cardiac Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging. The apparatus and method include providing an organ, acquiring images of the organ at projected views. Then a projected view that projects the organ as an annulus is selected; a region of interest (ROI) is also selected in the projected view, wherein the ROI is in a lateral wall of the organ. An average count in the ROI is determined; and an image quality of a reconstructed image based on the average count is predicted.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a radiation diagnostic apparatus includes a photon-counting detector, a counting information storage unit, an image reconstituting unit, and a controlling unit. The detector performs counting on light derived from incident radiation. The counting information storage unit stores therein counting information based on the counting result of the detector. The image reconstituting unit reconstitutes a medical image by performing a back projection process on projection data that is generated by use of the counting information stored in the counting information storage unit. After the reconstitution of the medical image, the controlling unit performs control so that all or part of the counting information is maintained in the counting information storage unit.

Abstract: Described is a method for determination of an unknown radiation dose to which an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) sensor has been exposed utilizing a pulsed optically stimulated luminescence (POSL) technique and a battery operated portable instrument.

Abstract: An optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) reader having an optical engine with a removably mounted dichroic mirror is provided.

Abstract: A method for locally resolved measurement of a radiation distribution (24) produced using a lithography mask (16) comprises providing a radiation converter (31, 131) having an at least two-dimensional arrangement of converter elements (32, 132) which can respectively be put in an active and a passive state, and are configured to convert incoming radiation in respect of its wavelength in the active state. The method further includes: manipulating the radiation converter (31, 131) several times such that respectively only a fraction of the converter elements (32, 132) adopts the active state, irradiating the radiation converter (31, 131) with the radiation distribution (24) after every manipulation of the radiation converter (31, 131) so that the active converter elements (32, 132) emit wavelength-converted is measuring radiation (34), recording respective places of origin (54) of the measuring radiation at every irradiation with the radiation distribution (24).

Abstract: An adiological image detection apparatus 3 includes a phosphor 60 that contains a fluorescent material which emits fluorescence by radiation exposure, and a sensor panel 61 which is provided to be in close contact with the phosphor, and detects the fluorescence emitted from the phosphor. The phosphor includes a columnar section that is formed by a group of columnar crystals 82 formed by growing crystals of the fluorescent material in a columnar shape, a radiation incident plane is provided in the sensor panel at a side opposite to the phosphor, and the sensor panel has flexibility and is curved to locate a curvature center at the radiation incident plane side.

Abstract: A method for producing a photosensitive integrated circuit including producing circuit control transistors, producing, above the control transistors, and between at least one upper electrode and at least one lower electrode, at least one photodiode, by amorphous silicon layers into which photons from incident electromagnetic radiation are absorbed, producing at least one passivation layer, between the lower electrode and the control transistors, and producing, between the control transistors and the external surface of the integrated circuit, a reflective layer capable of reflecting photons not absorbed by the amorphous silicon layers.

Abstract: A system and method for a molecular breast imaging (MBI) are provided. One MBI system includes at least one cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector having a plurality of pixels and a registered parallel hole collimator coupled to a face of the CZT detector. The registered parallel hole collimator includes a plurality of collimator holes, wherein the plurality of collimator holes are aligned with the plurality of pixels, and the spatial dimensions of the plurality of holes are configured based on characteristics of the CZT detector and the registered parallel hole collimator.

Abstract: A device for monitoring an automatic drift compensation of a scintillation counter may include a drift compensation monitoring unit which is designed to evaluate a counting rate caused by a monitoring radiation source for the purpose of monitoring the automatic drift compensation.

Abstract: A radioactive emission probe in communication with a position tracking system and the use thereof in a variety of systems and methods of medical imaging and procedures, are provided. Specifically, wide aperture collimation—deconvolution algorithms are provided, for obtaining a high-efficiency, high resolution image of a radioactivity emitting source, by scanning the radioactivity emitting source with a probe of a wide-aperture collimator, and at the same time, monitoring the position of the radioactive emission probe, at very fine time intervals, to obtain the equivalence of fine-aperture collimation. The blurring effect of the wide aperture is then corrected mathematically. Furthermore, an imaging method by depth calculations is provided, based on the attenuation of photons of different energies, which are emitted from the same source, coupled with position monitoring.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a nuclear medicine imaging apparatus includes a counting information collection unit, a determination unit, and a discarding unit. The counting information collection unit collects counting information including detection time of a gamma ray from a counting result output by a detector for counting light derived from a gamma ray, and stores the counting information in a buffer. The determination unit determines whether the volume of the counting information stored in the buffer exceeds a threshold. The discarding unit, in a case that the determination unit determines that the volume exceeds the threshold, intermittently discards, in chronological order, counting information whose detection time is within longer duration than predetermined duration used for generating two pieces of counting information obtained by counting pair annihilation gamma rays nearly coincidentally as coincidence counting information among the counting information collected from the detector.

Abstract: A novel phase-coded aperture, associated imaging system, and design method is disclosed. The optical imaging system includes a coded-aperture followed optically by a detector array and includes an image processor. A diffraction pattern in the form of a band-limited uniformly redundant array is formed on the detector array when focusable radiation from a point source in object space is modulation by the transmission function of the coded-aperture. Since diffraction effects cannot be ignored in the optical regime, an iterative phase retrieval method is used to calculate the phase-coded aperture transmission function. Correlation type processing can be applied for the image recovery.

Abstract: A radiographic image capturing apparatus includes a photodetector substrate, a scintillator, a switching filter, and a resetting light source, which are arranged successively in this order. If the switching filter is made permeable to resetting light from the resetting light source, the switching filter allows resetting light to be applied to the photodetector substrate through the scintillator, whereas, if the switching filter is made impermeable to the resetting light, the switching filter reflects at least a fluorescence, which is converted from radiation by the scintillator, toward the photodetector substrate.

Abstract: Among other things, one or more tiles for an indirect-conversation radiation detector array are provided herein. Respective tiles comprise a detector sub-assembly and an electronic sub-assembly, which are operably coupled together, yet selectively removable, via a connection interface. When an electronic sub-assembly portion of a tile, which comprises a signal acquisition system (e.g., an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), functions improperly, the electronic sub-assembly portion of the tile may be selectively removed for repair/replacement without removing and/or replacing the detector sub-assembly (e.g., which may be much more costly to replace). Similarly, when the detector sub-assembly portion of a tile functions improperly, the detector sub-assembly portion of the tile may be selectively removed for repair/replacement without removing and/or replacing the electronic sub-assembly portion of the tile (e.g.

Abstract: An image acquisition device employs a low-Z material to maximize the probability of backscattering or direct hits in Compton scattering for radiation with a given energy spectrum that passes through a detector array to enhance the contrast and spatial resolution of the image acquisition device. A radiation apparatus including the image acquisition device is also provided.

Abstract: A method for real-time RL and/or ROSL dose rate measuring in an environment exposed to a radiation source(s). The method comprises the steps of exposing a dosimeter to the environment for irradiation by the radiation source(s), the dosimeter comprising a phosphor-doped fluoroperovskite compound, sensing the RL or ROSL emitted light from the dosimeter during irradiation by the radiation source(s) and generating a representative light detection signal, and recording or generating a real-time measure of dose rate in the environment based on the light detection signal. A radiation dosimeter detection system comprising a phosphor-doped fluoroperovskite compound, the dosimeter coupled to a detector by an optical fibre. The detector comprises first and second optical stimulation sources that transmit light over the optical fibre to the dosimeter in first and second wave-length ranges. An optical detector senses light emitted from the dosimeter from which read-out dose information is generated.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for detector scatter recovery for positron emission tomography systems are provided. One method includes identifying detected gamma events in different detector units of a nuclear medicine (NM) imaging detector and determining whether the detected gamma events occurred within a predetermined time period and have a summed energy of at least a predetermined level to define gamma events for reconstitution. The method further includes reconstituting the defined gamma events into single valid gamma events.

Abstract: This disclosure describes an apparatus and a system for inspection of deepwater assets, e.g., pipes and pipelines that traverse the ocean floor. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a housing that retains a compensation fluid therein to form a fluidic environment. A digital detector resides in the fluidic environment. The digital detector can generate digital images in response to radiation that penetrate though the deepwater asset and impinges on components of the digital detector. In one embodiment, the digital detector utilizes one or more seal members to secure the components together. The seal members may be permeable and/or impermeable to the compensation fluid thereby preventing and/or permitting migration of the compensation fluid between certain components of the digital detector.

Abstract: An imaging control apparatus for controlling an imaging system capable of performing a plurality of imaging modes for detecting light or radiation to acquire an image includes a detection unit configured to detect that an instruction for executing a second imaging mode is generated during execution of a first imaging mode, a determination unit configured to determine a wait time according to a state of the imaging system when the instruction is received, and a control unit configured to perform control for instructing the imaging system to wait at least for the determined wait time before the transition to the second imaging mode, and control for instructing the imaging system to perform mode transition processing for switching from the first imaging mode to the second imaging mode.

Abstract: A radiation detecting apparatus of this invention includes an arithmetic processing device which carries out arithmetic processes for drawing boundaries based on peaks of signal strengths and separating respective positions by the boundaries, and for determining, by using spatial periodicity of the peaks, the number of peaks having failed to be separated, with a plurality of peaks connecting to each other. If the separation fails with a plurality of peaks connecting to each other, the number of peaks in error is determined using spatial periodicity of the peaks. Thus, by using spatial periodicity of the peaks, the number of peaks in error can be determined and boundaries can be set easily. As a result, incident positions can also be discriminated easily, and detecting positions of radiation can be determined easily.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to capture images of fluorescence generated by ionizing radiation and determine a position of a beam of ionizing radiation generating the fluorescence from the captured images. In one embodiment, the fluorescence is the result of ionization and recombination of nitrogen in air.

Abstract: A spectroscopic measurement apparatus 1A comprises an integrating sphere 20 in which a sample S is located, a spectroscopic analyzer 30 dispersing the light to be measured from the sample S and obtaining a wavelength spectrum, and a data analyzer 50. The analyzer 50 includes an object range setting section which sets a first object range corresponding to excitation light and a second object range corresponding to light emission from the sample S in a wavelength spectrum, and a sample information analyzing section which determines a luminescence quantum yield of the sample S, determines a measurement value ?0 of the luminescence quantum yield from results of a reference measurement and a sample measurement, and determines, by using factors ?, ? regarding stray light in the reference measurement, an analysis value ? of the luminescence quantum yield with the effect of stray light reduced by ?=??0+?.

Abstract: A radiation detection apparatus including a sensor unit having photoelectric conversion units two-dimensionally arranged and a scintillator layer which converts radiation into light, comprising a first member disposed on the sensor unit, and a second member disposed on the first member, wherein the scintillator layer is disposed on the second member, and letting n1 be a refractive index of the first member, n2 be a refractive index of the second member, and n3 be a refractive index of the scintillator layer, a relationship of n1<n2<n3 holds.

Abstract: A scintillator includes a scintillator layer which converts radiation into light, the scintillator layer having a first end forming part of a contour of the scintillator layer and a second end forming another part of the contour, wherein the first end and the second end are located on opposite sides of the scintillator layer when viewed from the center of the scintillator layer, wherein an efficiency of conversion from radiation into light decreases from the first end to the second end.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates approaches for removing or reducing the effects of motion in parallel and non-parallel data acquisitions using a nuclear medicine imaging system. In certain embodiments, translation vectors are derived based on a registration performed on transaxial slices generated from the acquired projection data. The translation vectors may be employed to update a system matrix such that images generated using the updated system matrix are free or motion artifacts or have reduced motion artifacts.

Abstract: Radioimaging methods, devices and radiopharmaceuticals therefor.

Abstract: A fluorescent material for a scintillator to be used in a radiation detector is provided. The fluorescent material is designed to have a high fluorescent intensity and a low level of afterglow a short term of 1 to 300 ms after the termination of X-ray radiation. The above fluorescent material contains Ce as an activator. In addition, the material must contain at least Gd, Al, Ga, O, Fe, and a component M. The component M is at least one of Mg, Ti, and Ni. In addition, the composition of the material must be expressed by the general formula: (Gd1-x-zLuxCez)3+a(Al1-u-sGauScs)5?aO12 wherein 0?a?0.15, 0?x?0.5, 0.0003?z?0.0167, 0.2?u?0.6, and 0?s?0.1, and wherein, regarding the concentrations of Fe and M, Fe: 0.05?Fe concentration (mass ppm)?1, and 0?M concentration (mass ppm)?50.

Abstract: A pallet (10) for use with a gamma camera includes a rigid sheet (30) having a thickness (d) of less than six millimeters and a strength-enhancing curvature transverse to an axial direction (DA). At least a portion of an edge (32) of the rigid sheet has a bevel (B) with a length (x) along the sheet of at least about ten millimeters and a height (y) of at least about four-fifths of the sheet thickness. A protective covering (34) is disposed over the beveled edge. In a nuclear imaging method, a subject is disposed on the rigid sheet and a radiological image is acquired of at least a portion of the subject disposed on the sheet with at least one radiation detector head (8) positioned underneath or at an oblique angle below the subject. The bevel is effective to reduce or blur an edge artifact in the acquired image.