Abstract: CT scanning of transportation containers is performed by generating X-rays at various points at the opposite sides of the containers, detecting the X-rays passing through the containers, and analyzing the data received to determine the presence of contraband. The X-rays are generated by modulating a magnetic field through which a high-energy electron beam passes to deflect the beam successively to different targets positioned around the sides of the container, while the electron beam source remains stationary. The X-rays are detected by an array of cells using X-ray responsive storage phosphor material to emit light which is sent to analyzing and comparing equipment. The targets and detectors and the cargo container are moved relative to one another to scan a selected volume of the container.

Abstract: A scintillator array and method for making the same are provided. The array comprises a bi-layer reflector further comprising a conformal smoothing layer and a mirror layer. The bi-layer reflector does not comprise an intervening reducing agent or adhesion layer and/or comprises aluminum. Further, the mirror layer may be deposited via gas phase metallization, allowing application to tightly confined spaces. A detector array comprising the scintillator array is also provided.

Abstract: A scintillator includes a scintillator layer having a first surface and second surface which are surfaces opposite to each other, wherein the scintillator layer includes a plurality of columnar portions, each columnar portion including a columnar crystal for converting a radiation into light, and the columnar crystal of each columnar portion having a diameter which increases from an intermediate portion between the first surface and the second surface toward the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A scintillator detector of high-energy radiation comprising a semiconductor slab that is composed of alternating layers of barrier and well material. The barrier and well material layers are direct bandgap semiconductors. Bandgap of the well material is smaller than the bandgap of the barrier material. The combined thickness of the well layers is substantially less than the total thickness of said slab. The thickness of the barrier layers is substantially larger than the diffusion length of minority carriers. The thickness of the well layers is sufficiently large to absorb most of the incident scintillating radiation generated in the barrier layers in response to an ionization event from interaction with an incident high-energy particle.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for the detection of elevated levels of radiation in remote locations, the device comprising a scintillator crystal and a variable length fibre optic cable. Preferably, the scintillator comprises an inorganic scintillator and the fibre optic cable comprises a metal coated fibre optic cable. The device preferably also comprises a light measurement device which co-operates with recording means such that the radiation levels of the environment in which the device is deployed may be determined. The device has potential widespread application in the nuclear industry, for the monitoring of products, processes and/or facilities that exhibit very high levels of radiation.

Abstract: A scintillator includes a scintillator layer which converts radiation into light, the scintillator layer having a first end forming part of a contour of the scintillator layer and a second end forming another part of the contour, wherein the first end and the second end are located on opposite sides of the scintillator layer when viewed from the center of the scintillator layer, wherein an efficiency of conversion from radiation into light decreases from the first end to the second end.

Abstract: A UVB phosphor of the composition (Laj_,,—y—,Gd,,Yy)PO4:Ce, is described, in which x=0 to 0.5, y=0 to 0.5 and z=0.01 to 0.3 and the sum of x, y and z is less than 1. From a phosphor of this kind, a phosphor layer can be produced that, in fluorescent lamps based on low-pressure mercury discharge lamps, produces a spectrum of 5 UV light that is particularly well suited to the cosmetic or medical treatment of the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to scintillator compositions and related devices and methods. The scintillator compositions may include, for example, a scintillation compound and a dopant, the scintillation compound having the formula CsLi(LaxY1-x)Z, where Z is a halide. The scintillator composition can include a dopant or mixture of dopants.

Abstract: An apparatus for analyzing bacteria is described that includes an analytic sample preparation section for preparing an analytic sample by treating a specimen so as to generate a morphological difference between Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria, a detector for detecting optical information from each particle contained in the analytic sample and an analyzing section for detecting Gram-positive bacteria contained on the basis of the detected optical information. A method for analyzing bacteria is also described.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a scintillator panel in which no dust is generated when improving protrusions on the phosphor surface, resulting in no generation of image defects caused by the dust, to-provide a scintillator panel exhibiting excellent image quality and a radiation image detector thereof. The scintillator panel includes a support having a phosphor layer formed thereon. The method includes forming the phosphor layer on the support, and subsequently heat-treating the support and the phosphor layer which are sandwiched by two rigid plates under applied pressure.

Abstract: Radiation dosimeters containing thin KCl:Eu2+ storage phosphors for quantifying and/or verifying the dose of radiation applied during radiation therapy. Methods for measuring the amount of radiation applied from a source of radiation and methods for treating a patient having a cancerous tumor are also provided.

Abstract: A tool comprising a tool body having an opening defined by interior walls extending into the tool body and a casing disposed within the opening. The tool further includes a scintillator material disposed within the casing and a first compressive member disposed within the tool body at a first axial location. The first axial location extends for a fraction of a total axial length of the casing and exerts a first radially compressive force at the first axial location.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detection and monitoring of radiation exposure are disclosed, utilising photoexcitable storage phosphors and reading apparatus in a number of configurations for use in homeland security, emergency response and medical fields. In one form, apparatus comprises a portable dosimeter device adapted to receive and multiple phosphor elements to allow population screening in event of mass exposure. Further forms for medical use include insertable probes and adhesive phosphor patches for use in detecting radiation exposure in medical therapy or imaging.

Abstract: Described is a portable dosimeter reader that is small in size and light in weight.

Abstract: A radiation detection aircraft has at least one component member of the aircraft having scintillator material. A signal converter is coupled to the at least one component member. An accumulator is coupled to the signal converter.

Abstract: With a device for measuring the fluorescent light or scattered light emitted by microscopically small particles or cells (12), with a flow-through cuvette (8) through which the luminescent particles or cells (12) are guided, whereby the flow-through cuvette (8) has a transparent window (3), and with a photodetector (2), which records the light emitted by the luminescent particles or cells (12), and with an optical element that guides the light emerging from the window (3) to the photodetector (2), the invention suggests that the optical element is embodied as a cylinder (4, 9) with a cylindrical reflecting surface.

Abstract: A scintillator panel which is capable of obtaining a radiation image exhibiting enhanced luminance and sharpness and achieving improved storage stability is disclosed, comprising on a support a base layer and a phosphor layer provided sequentially in this order, wherein the phosphor layer comprises (columnar) phosphor crystals formed of a phosphor parent compound and an activator by a process of vapor phase deposition and the base layer comprises crystals formed of the phosphor parent compound and an activator, and a relative density of the base layer is lower than a relative density of the phosphor layer and a relative content of an activator of the base layer is lower than a relative content of an activator of the phosphor layer.

Abstract: An automated analyzer for performing multiple diagnostic assays simultaneously includes multiple stations in which discrete aspects of the assay are performed on fluid samples contained in sample vessels. The analyzer includes stations for automatically preparing a sample, incubating the sample, preforming an analyte isolation procedure, ascertaining the presence of a target analyte, and analyzing the amount of a target analyte. An automated receptacle transporting system moves the sample vessels from one station to the next. A method for performing an automated diagnostic assay includes an automated process for isolating and amplifying a target analyte, and, in one embodiment, a method for real-time monitoring of the amplification process.

Abstract: A radiation image converting panel has a structure capable of arbitrarily controlling a change in luminance distribution of an entire panel surface after formation of a moisture-resistant protective film. The radiation image converting panel comprises a radiation converting film doped with Eu and covered with a moisture-resistant protective film. The Eu concentration in the radiation converting film is preliminarily adjusted such that the Eu concentration at a central portion or peripheral portion of the film falls within an optimal range, and the other film portion is provided with a positive or negative concentration gradient such that the Eu concentration thereof gradually become higher or lower than the optimal range. The luminance distribution of the entire panel in which the moisture-resistant protective film has been formed can be controlled by providing the Eu concentration to be added with a concentration gradient.

Abstract: A non-powered photoluminescent paving brick includes a substrate defining one of a cavity and a channel that extends from one end to an opposite end of the substrate. A photoluminescent portion includes a light transmissive resin including a suspension of photoluminescent particles. The photoluminescent portion is arranged in the one of the cavity and the channel and wherein the light transmissive resin has an exposed outer surface that directly receives light.

Abstract: Described is a slidable dosimeter sled for a radiation dosimeter.

Abstract: CT scanning of transportation containers is performed by generating X-rays at various points at the opposite sides of the containers, detecting the X-rays passing through the containers, and analyzing the data received to determine the presence of contraband. The X-rays are generated by modulating a magnetic field through which a high-energy electron beam passes to deflect the beam successively to different targets positioned around the sides of the container, while the electron beam source remains stationary. The X-rays are detected by an array of cells using X-ray responsive storage phosphor material to emit light which is sent to analyzing and comparing equipment. The targets and detectors and the cargo container are moved relative to one another to scan a selected volume of the container.

Abstract: A radiation detection system can include a first scintillator having a first edge extending between a first surface and a second surface of the first scintillator. The radiation detection system can also include a second scintillator having a second edge extending between a third surface and a fourth surface of the second scintillator. The first edge of the first scintillator can be coupled to the second edge of the second scintillator. In a particular embodiment, a first portion of the first scintillator and a second portion of the second scintillator can both lie along a line that is perpendicular to the first surface of the first scintillator. In another embodiment, an optical coupling material can be coupled between the first edge and the second edge.

Abstract: An automated analyzer for performing multiple diagnostic assays simultaneously includes multiple stations in which discrete aspects of the assay are performed on fluid samples contained in sample vessels. The analyzer includes stations for automatically preparing a sample, incubating the sample, preforming an analyte isolation procedure, ascertaining the presence of a target analyte, and analyzing the amount of a target analyte. An automated receptacle transporting system moves the sample vessels from one station to the next. A method for performing an automated diagnostic assay includes an automated process for isolating and amplifying a target analyte, and, in one embodiment, a method for real-time monitoring of the amplification process.

Abstract: A radiation detection system can include a first material to produce a first light in response to receiving a target radiation. The radiation detection system can also include a second material to propagate a second light to a first end of the second material and to a second end of the second material, in response to receiving the first light. The radiation detection system can also include a reflector coupled to the first end of the second material. In an embodiment, the reflector can reflect the second light, so that the reflected second light can be received by a photosensor coupled to a second end of the second material.

Abstract: A radiation transducer has a luminophore layer applied on a substrate, and at least one anti-discoloration substance is applied on the luminophore layer. In a method to produce a radiation transducer a luminophore layer is applied on a substrate, and at least one anti-discoloration substance is applied on the luminophore layer after the application of the luminophore layer on the substrate.

Abstract: A cassette for use while testing objects for errors comprises an image storage layer tailored in the shape thereof to match the object surface, said layer comprising a substrate that is transparent to both sides and a phosphorus layer. The cassette is placed over the surface of the work piece and the work piece is irradiated with X-rays from the opposite side. A reading head that can be moved over the image storage layer activates the excited color centers produced in the image storage layer by X-ray radiation, and the fluorescent light so triggered is registered by photodetectors. Using a position signal for the reading head, an irradiated image of the object is thus produced.

Abstract: A method of determining the doses of neutrons, gamma and X-ray photons, beta, alpha and other ionizing radiations using a method of image processing in spatial and frequency domain that produces parameters that are related to the radiation dose absorbed in a luminescent material. Portions of the luminescent material may be covered by different converters to allow for doses of different radiations to be discriminated.

Abstract: A photoluminescence mapping system and method for use in fabricating solar cells that eliminates the need for complex and expensive light sources, filters and high sensitivity cameras. Generally, the method includes: (i) irradiating a surface of the substrate with radiation having a predetermined energy for a first predetermined period of time to photogenerate carriers therein; (ii) stopping the irradiation; (iii) exposing the surface of the substrate to a camera for a second predetermined period of time; and (iv) capturing with the camera a photoluminescence (PL) signal emitted from the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: This optical coding device comprises a plurality of aggregates suitable for emitting infrared, visible or ultraviolet rays by luminescence, at least one of the said aggregates comprising at least one luminophore. This aggregate further comprises at least one particle consisting of a surface plasmon effect material, the said luminophore and the said particle being suitable for entering into interaction.

Abstract: There is provided a scintillator plate which is superior in productivity, exhibits enhanced light extraction efficiency of a scintillator and enhanced sharpness and results in reduced deterioration in sharpness between flat light-receiving element surfaces. There are also provided a scintillator panel and a flat panel radiation detector by use thereof. The scintillator plate comprises a reflection layer, a resinous anticorrosion layer and a scintillator layer provided sequentially in this order on a heat-resistant resin substrate, wherein the scintillator plate is employed, as a component for a flat panel radiation detector, without being physicochemically adhered to the surface of a flat light-receiving element.

Abstract: There is provided a radiation image conversion panel having strong resistance to physical impact, and in which enhanced sharpness and adhesion are balanced, especially, enhanced adhesion of a photostimulable phosphor layer onto a support is achieved, and a preparation method of the radiation image conversion panel. The radiation image conversion panel comprising on a support a sublayer and at least one photostimulable phosphor layer in this order from the support, featured in that the photostimulable phosphor layer is formed by a gas phase method and has a thickness of not less than 50 ?m, and the sublayer comprises a thermoplastic resin and the thickness of the central portion in an image area of the sublayer is greater than that of the peripheral portion of the image area.

Abstract: A photoluminescent sheet is disclosed. In one embodiment, the photoluminescent sheet has a phosphor, absorbs some light, of at least one wavelength, of light emitted from a light source, emits particular light of a wavelength different from the wavelength of the emitted light and allows the remaining of the light emitted from the light source to penetrates the photoluminescent sheet, whereas the photoluminescent sheet comprises at least a surface comprising a wet preventing layer for minimizing a contracting area between the photoluminescent sheet and another sheet. According to at least one embodiment, wet is not generated on a screen even though the photoluminescent sheet is connected to other sheets.

Abstract: A method of applying a double slit system to the end that both knowledge of an interference pattern formed on a screen located at one distance from the slits, and knowledge of improved probability as to which slit a particular particle or photon passed in the act of forming said interference pattern on that screen, wherein the method uses a remormalization interference pattern preliminarily provided on a screen located at a different distance from the slits, as a reference.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion chip is formed by depositing a wavelength conversion material on a substrate to form a layer, removing the resulting wavelength conversion layer from the substrate and then segmenting the wavelength conversion layer into a plurality of wavelength conversion chips. The wavelength conversion material can be annealed by thermal annealing or radiation annealing to increase the wavelength conversion efficiency of the chips or to sinter the wavelength conversion material to form a ceramic material. Optical coatings, vias, light extraction elements, electrical connections or electrical bond pads can be fabricated on the wavelength conversion chips.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting slow neutrons by monitoring Lyman alpha radiation produced by the 3He(n,tp) nuclear reaction induced by neutrons incident on a gas cell containing 3He or a mixture of 3He and other atoms and/or molecules. Such a method and/or apparatus includes the use of, for example, liquid 3He and 4He mixtures as a scintillation counter for the sensitive detection of neutrons using Lyman alpha radiation produced by the 3He(n,tp) reaction. The radiation can be detected with high efficiency with an appropriate photo-detector, or alternatively, it can be converted to radiation at longer wavelength by absorption in scintillation materials, with the radiation channeled to a photodetector. Because of the simplicity of the system and the fact that the radiation production mechanisms can be measured and/or calculated independently, the method and/or apparatus also has the potential for service as a calculable absolute detector.

Abstract: A radiation detection device comprising a plasma display panel (PDP) with a multiplicity of radiation detection pixels, each radiation detection pixel being defined by a hollow elongated Plasma-tube filled with an ionizable gas. Arrays of Plasma-tubes are positioned on a suitable base such as a substrate and used to inspect and detect radiation from a selected object. Each Plasma-tube may be of any suitable geometric configuration and may be used alone or in any combination with one or more Plasma-shells, such as a Plasma-disc, Plasma-dome, and/or Plasma-sphere. Luminescent material may be positioned near or on each Plasma-tube or Plasma-shell to provide or enhance light output. A flexible base substrate may be used to wrap a layer or blanket of radiation detection Plasma-tubes about the selected object. The substrate base may comprise an elongated rod that is used as a probe to detect radiation from an object. An object may be passed through a ring or a cylinder of Plasma-tubes.

Abstract: A fiber-optic scintillation radiation detector includes: a cladding; a core extending within the cladding; and a scintillator contiguous with the core within the cladding responsive to particle and/or photon radiation by providing scintillation photons, which are then primarily propagated in the core.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel dosimeter filter and a dosimeter incorporating the same. More specifically, one embodiment of the invention relates to a very thin dosimetry device generally comprising: an optically stimulated luminescent material OSLM (i.e. aluminum oxide) sandwiched between at least two novel CEEC filters, wherein each CEEC filter comprises two layers of filtering material: an electronic equilibrium filter layer and an energy compensation filter layer wherein the electronic equilibrium filters comprise steel and wherein the energy compensation filters comprise Tantalum.

Abstract: A fluorescent material for a scintillator to be used in a radiation detector is provided. The fluorescent material is designed to have a high fluorescent intensity and a low level of afterglow a short term of 1 to 300 ms after the termination of X-ray radiation. The above fluorescent material contains Ce as an activator. In addition, the material must contain at least Gd, Al, Ga, O, Fe, and a component M. The component M is at least one of Mg, Ti, and Ni. In addition, the composition of the material must be expressed by the general formula: (Gd1-x-zLuxCez)3+a(Al1-u-sGauScs)5?aO12 wherein 0?a?0.15, 0?x?0.5, 0.0003?z?0.0167, 0.2?u?0.6, and 0?s?0.1, and wherein, regarding the concentrations of Fe and M, Fe: 0.05?Fe concentration (mass ppm)?1, and 0?M concentration (mass ppm)?50.

Abstract: Wiring substrates 11 and 12 are positioned on a fixed base 10 in a manner such that there is a step between the wiring substrates, and radiation imaging elements 2 and 3, respectively having scintillators 25 and 35 deposited on photosensitive portions 21 and 31, are respectively mounted on the wiring substrates 11 and 12. The radiation imaging element 2 is positioned so that its setting surface protrudes beyond a radiation incident surface of the radiation imaging element 3, and the photosensitive portion 21 of the radiation imaging element 2 and the photosensitive portion 31 of the radiation imaging element 3 are juxtaposed to a degree to which the portions do not overlap. The photosensitive portion 21 of the radiation imaging element 2 extends close to an edge at the radiation imaging element 3 side and the scintillator 25 of substantially uniform thickness is formed up to this position.

Abstract: It is a feature that in the present invention, provided is a method of cleaning a radiation image conversion panel possessing a substrate and provided thereon, a phosphor layer, and further possessing a protective layer provided on the phosphor layer, wherein a surface of the protective layer is cleaned by moving a cleaning member, while applying a pressure of 1 mN/cm2-1 N/cm2 to the surface of the protective layer with the cleaning member. Also provided can be a method of cleaning a radiation image conversion panel to provide an image information reading method by which image information exhibiting reduced image defect and image unevenness without damaging the radiation image conversion panel can be read out.

Abstract: There are provided a sensing device, a sensing apparatus, and a sensing method capable of realizing effective multi-photon absorption and local plasmon enhancement function. The sensing device can realize a high multi-photon excitation efficiency and selectivity by accurately controlling the material, shape, size, interval, and direction of metal particles arranged on a substrate. By employing the sensing device in various sensing apparatuses such as a fluorescent sensing apparatus, it is possible to realize sensing of detection object material with a high sensibility.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light modulating communication device comprising a housing comprising at least one inner chamber, and an opening, at least one quantum dot positioned inside the at least one inner chamber, a high-energy emitting source positioned within the at least one inner chamber, a modulator positioned proximal to the opening of the housing, and optionally, at least one reflector positioned within the at least one inner chamber. The present disclosure also relates to a method comprising providing at least one quantum dot, contacting the at least one quantum dot with high-energy particles such that light is produced from the at least one quantum dot, and modulating the light produced from the at least one quantum dot.

Abstract: A phosphor sheet 8 for a radiation detector used by being attached to a photoelectric conversion film 20 of a radiation detector 4 includes a sheet-shaped support 11, and a phosphor layer 12 provided thereon. The phosphor layer 12 contains a europium-activated rare earth oxysulfide phosphor having a europium concentration in a range of 0.01 to 3.5 mol %. The radiation detector 4 includes the phosphor sheet 8 being irradiated with radiation rays transmitted through a specimen and converting the radiation rays into light, a photoelectric conversion film 20 for converting the light from the phosphor sheet 8 into electric charges, and a charge information reading section 30 for reading out the charges generated on the photoelectric conversion film 20 for each of a plurality of pixels 31.

Abstract: This invention provides novel cadmium tungstate scintillator materials that show improved radiation hardness. In particular, it was discovered that doping of cadmium tungstate (CdWO4) with trivalent metal ions or monovalent metal ions is particularly effective in improving radiation hardness of the scintillator material.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for differentiating multiple detectable signals by excitation wavelength. The apparatus can include a light source that can emit respective excitation light wavelengths or wavelength ranges towards a sample in a sample retaining region, for example, in a well. The sample can contain two or more detectable markers, for example, fluorescent dyes, each of which can be capable of generating increased detectable emissions when excited in the presence of a target component. The detectable markers can have excitation wavelength ranges and/or emission wavelength ranges that overlap with the ranges of the other detectable markers. A detector can be arranged for detecting an emission wavelength or wavelength range emitted from a first marker within the overlapping wavelength range of at least one of the other markers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a scintillator plate comprising on a substrate a phosphor layer formed by a process of vapor deposition, wherein a thallium compound having a melting point within ±70° C. of that of CsI and CsI are deposited on a substrate to form a thallium-activated phosphor layer.

Abstract: An auxiliary substrate 20 is overlapped onto a thin substrate 11, and substrate 11 and auxiliary substrate 20 are covered with an organic film 12. Thereafter, a scintillator 13 is formed on a scintillator forming portion 12A of organic film 12 that corresponds to substrate 11. Here, since thickness is added to substrate 11 by auxiliary substrate 20, the warping of substrate 11 is prevented and scintillator 13 is formed uniformly.

Abstract: A scintillator panel 1 uses a glass substrate 5, having heat resistance, as a base member for forming a scintillator 10. Glass substrate 5 also functions as a radiation entry window. Also, a dielectric multilayer film mirror 6 is disposed as a light-reflecting film between the scintillator 10 and the glass substrate 5. Furthermore, a light-absorbing film 7 is disposed on the radiation entry surface of glass substrate 5 and this absorbs the light that has been emitted from scintillator 10 and has passed through the dielectric multilayer film mirror 6 and the glass substrate 5. Light components that are reflected by the radiation entry surface, etc., and return to the dielectric multilayer film mirror 7 and the scintillator 10 therefore do not occur and the optical output of the scintillator panel 1 is not subject to degrading effects.