Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting device includes a substrate having two main surfaces; and an active layer forming part, which is made of a compound semiconductor material, formed on one of the main surfaces, and includes an active layer. A plurality of holes, which pass through the active layer, are formed from the upper surface of the active layer forming part; a plurality of hollow parts, each of which corresponds to each hole, are provided between the active layer and the substrate; and the area of each hollow part is larger than that of the corresponding hole in plan view, and spreads on the lower surface of the active layer forming part, so as to expose a part of the lower surface of the active layer forming part, which overlaps the hollow part in plan view.

Abstract: An optical sensor chip, especially for an optical jamming protection device has a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array of photo-sensitive elements, especially photodiodes, a number of pre-processing switching circuits for respectively processing a detection signal of each element, and a programmable interface between the array and the pre-processing switching circuits, a pre-processing switching circuit being associable with each element by the interface. An optical jamming protection device has an emitter unit which is designed in such a way as to emit radiation in a spatial area, a detector unit for detecting a radiation field from the spatial area, and a control unit designed to identify an obstacle in a pre-determined monitoring region in the spatial area, by evaluating output signals of the detector unit. To this end, the detector unit comprises an above-mentioned sensor chip.

Abstract: Provided is a biosensor that uses multiple organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) as light sources. The biosensor includes a transparent substrate, a plurality of OLEDs which are disposed on a first surface of the transparent substrate and are electrically separated from each other, and a photo detector above the transparent substrate that receives light emitted from a specimen disposed on the transparent substrate, wherein the specimen is disposed on a region of a second surface which is a surface opposite to the first surface of the transparent substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a color lighting device comprising at least one light-emitting source (1a, 1b, 1c) fixed on a common substrate (3), each light-emitting source (1a, 1b, 1c) comprising at least one light-emitting diode (LED) (1a, 1b, 1c), each light-emitting source (1a, 1b, 1c) comprising one photosensor (2a, 2b, 2c) that detects the light output only of the associated light source (1a, 1b, 1c), and each light-emitting source (1a, 1b, 1c) being connected to an analog control circuit (4a, 4b, 4c) that controls the drive of each light-emitting source (1a, 1b, 1c) separately on the basis of a light output detected by the associated photosensor (2a, 2b, 2c), while each control circuit (4a, 4b, 4c) comprises a comparator (5a, 5b, 5c) connected to the associated photosensor (2a, 2b, 2c).

Abstract: A method of compensating an OLED display device having light-emitting elements that change with use, comprising the steps of: a) using the device to display images; b) sequentially displaying an ordered series of calibration images, wherein each of the calibration images have one or more corresponding flat fields, at least one of the corresponding flat fields of each calibration image of the ordered series has a different luminance value, and the calibration images are arranged in the ordered series so as to reduce perceived luminance discontinuities; c) measuring and recording current used by the display for each sequentially displayed calibration image; d) calculating compensation parameters based on the measured currents; e) compensating an input image using the compensation parameters; and f) displaying the compensated input image.

Abstract: An method for automatically testing an arc flash detection system by periodically or continually transmitting electro-optical (EO) radiation through one or more transmission cables electro-optically coupled to respective EO radiation collectors. A test EO signal may pass through the EO radiation collector to be received by an EO sensor. An attenuation of the EO signal may be determined by comparing the intensity of the transmitted EO signal to an intensity of the received EO signal. A self-test failure may be detected if the attenuation exceeds a threshold. EO signals may be transmitted according to a particular pattern (e.g., a coded signal) to allow an arc flash detection system to distinguish the test EO radiation from EO radiation indicative of an arc flash event.

Abstract: It is described a hydrogel based transducer device for detecting an environmental state, in particular for detecting an environmental state within a biological material. The transducer device (300) comprises a base element (302), a radiation source (305), which is formed at the base element (302) and which is adapted to emit electromagnetic radiation (306), an optical element (325), which is arranged at the base element (302) and which is adapted to interact with the electromagnetic radiation (306). The transducer device (300) further comprises a radiation detector (350), which is adapted to receive the electromagnetic radiation (326) having interacted with the optical element (325), and a hydrogel material (340), which is mechanically coupled to the optical element (325) and which is adapted to change its volume when getting into contact with an environmental material of the transducer device (300) such that the spatial position of the optical element (325) is changed.

Abstract: An optical chemical sensor feedback control system is provided comprised of a luminescent sensing film, an optical processor adjacent the sensing film capable of sinusoidally photoexciting the luminescent sensing film and detecting the luminescent emission resulting therefrom, and a computer control means executing a computer program, in communication with the optical processor. The computer control means is operable to control the magnitude of the photoexcitation of the luminescent sensing film, wherein the computer control means receives data regarding the luminescent emission resulting therefrom, analyzes same, and determines the magnitude and phase shift of the luminescence relative to the photoexcitation. Further, the system herein is operable to determine the status of the sensing film, and adjust the magnitude of photoexcitation thereof based on same.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for detecting a particle (12) labelled with a fluorescent marker is disclosed. The apparatus (10) has a flow cell (16) being adapted to contain a fluid (14) in which the particle (12) is suspended. A light source (28) is operatively coupled to the flow cell (16) and arranged for emitting a stimulating light (28) which is effective in optically exciting the fluorescent marker (12) for emitting a fluorescent light (30). The apparatus (10) also includes a spatial filter (50) across an optical path between the particle (12) and a time gated detector (32) operatively coupled to the flow cell (16) for detecting the fluorescent light (30).

Abstract: An optical device for use with an imaging device for taking photographic images of an object includes a light emitting element capable of emitting light, and a lens arranged so as to direct light from the light emitting element to illuminate the object. The light emitting element may include at least two light emitting zones arranged so that light from the light emitting zones can be directed from the lens in respective corresponding spatial angles, and that the light emitting zones can be individually and selectively controlled to emit a controllable intensity of light.

Abstract: A laser emitting device (9) includes a light emitting portion (4) that emits light of a wavelength ?1 (approximately 405 nm), a light emitting portion (5) that emits light of a wavelength ?2 (approximately 650 nm), and a light emitting portion (6) that emits light of a wavelength ?1 (approximately 780 nm). The light emitting position of the light emitting portion (4) and the light emitting position of the light emitting portion (6) are approximately on the same position as seen in the direction of an optical axis of emitted light of the laser emitting device (9). An optical axis adjusting element (18) is provided for adjusting an optical axis of return light of at least one of the wavelengths among return lights of the wavelengths ?1, ?2 and ?3 so that respective return lights emitted by the light emitting portions (4, 5 and 6) of the laser emitting device (9) and reflected by an optical recording medium (16) are received by a common light detector (20).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light sensor device comprising a substrate (18), a first light sensitive area (14, 15), and a second light sensitive area (12, 13). It is characterized in that a first optical filter device (22) assigned to said first area (14) and adapted to filter the visible light spectrum and a second optical filter device (24) assigned to said second area (12) and adapted to filter the non-visible light spectrum, preferably IR light spectrum, are provided, and said first and second light sensitive areas (12, 14) are fabricated on the same substrate (18) adjacent to each other to form a single integrated sensor component (10). The invention also relates to a lamp device (60) comprising such a light sensor device.

Abstract: An optical unit, having a sensor device in particular, including a housing enclosing same, a radiation-sensitive sensor surface, designed for detecting electromagnetic radiation from a frequency section, having a predefined width and position, of the spectral range including the near infrared range and/or the visible range, and a lens system. In order to reduce the cost and complexity for mounting a lens on the housing and to obtain a uniform housing surface on the object side, a part of the lens system acting as a lens on the object side or the entire lens system of the unit is designed as an integral component of the housing of the unit.

Abstract: An optical sensor comprising a light source; a sensor substrate, arranged to receive a force to be detected, the sensor substrate including an interference pattern generator, optically coupled to the light source for receiving light from the light source, and generating an interference pattern, and a detector, optically coupled to the sensor substrate for receiving the interference pattern and providing a signal which can be used to determine the force applied to the sensor substrate.

Abstract: The LED-radiance source is a suitable replacement of lamp-based integrating sphere sources where they are used as stable and uniform radiance sources. The LED-based radiance source includes an array of LEDs having substantially similar radiance output wavelengths and a radiation detector such as a photodiode that detects and monitors radiation directed from the LEDs. Temperature of the LEDs can be controlled by feedback from a photodiode, thereby allowing for control and stabilization of temperature-dependent radiation output.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a flash of a desired intensity and duration utilizing devices of a lower intensity, such as light emitting diodes (LED's). The on period of the LED is lengthened so that the product of the LED's intensity and the on period is approximately equal to the product of the desired intensity and duration of the flash. A parameter for determining intensity, such as operating current or voltage, can be measured and the on period can be adjusted accordingly. The device can be turned on responsive to an external trigger signal, and a timer can be utilized to turn the device on if the external trigger signal is not received within a predetermined time.

Abstract: A wavelength meter, an associated method, and system are generally described. In one example, an apparatus includes a photodiode to receive an optical signal and to generate a photocurrent upon receiving the optical signal, the photodiode having an absorption edge that is substantially aligned with a band of wavelengths, wherein the absorption edge shifts toward longer wavelengths when a reverse bias is applied to the photodiode, and control electronics coupled with the photodiode to apply at least a first reverse bias and a second reverse bias to the photodiode, wherein a ratio of a first measurement of the photocurrent at the first reverse bias and a second measurement of the photocurrent at the second reverse bias provides information about the wavelength of the optical signal.

Abstract: An optical pickup unit comprising: a circuit connected to a light emitting device emitting light; and a counterpart circuit connected to the circuit, the circuit being soldered to the counterpart circuit.

Abstract: A power supply system for a green laser indicating pen, comprises a computer having an USB receptacle which is connected to a current source in the computer; a USB plug being connected to the USB receptacle; a USB transmission line for connecting the USB plug to a transformer; a chargeable battery connected to the transformer for receiving current from the computer so as to charge the chargeable battery; a voltage level detector connected to the chargeable battery for comparing the voltage of the voltage level detector with a reference voltage in the voltage level detector; an indicator light connected to the voltage level detector for displaying the voltage state with different colors; and a power switch being connected between the transformer and the laser source; as the power switch being actuated, the power from the transformer can be directly transferred to the laser source.

Abstract: An image detecting apparatus includes an illumination system and a sensing system. The illumination system is for providing a light beam to a working surface to generate a reflected light beam by the working surface. The sensing system includes a sensing unit and a condensing unit. The sensing unit is disposed on a transmission path of the reflected light beam reflected by the working surface for receiving the reflected light beam. The condensing unit is disposed between the sensing unit and the working surface, wherein an optical axis of the condensing unit is deviated from a main optical axis of the reflected light beam.

Abstract: An optical near-field generating apparatus includes a conductive scatterer causing an optical near-field based on a surface plasmon to be generated by being illuminated by incident light, and a conductive body arranged in a vicinity of the scatterer and generating a surface plasmon by being illuminated by the incident light and by being influenced by the surface plasmon of the scatterer. An oscillation direction of the surface plasmon of the conductive body is approximately parallel to an oscillation direction of the surface plasmon of the scatterer, and a generation region of the surface plasmon of the conductive body exists in a position deviated from a region extending in an oscillation direction of the surface plasmon of the scatterer.

Abstract: An illumination device for a reading device which irradiates light over a predetermined illumination width including a reading area having a predetermined reading width extending in a main scanning direction of a document and reads the light reflected from the document using a reading element has a point light source, and a light-guiding member having an incident surface opposed to a light-emitting surface of the point light source and a light-emitting surface opposed to the reading area. An illumination area generated by the light has a high distribution range of a substantially constant illuminance, and the high distribution range coincides substantially with the reading area.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining the volume of imaging medium in a cartridge are disclosed. An imaging medium may include a movable housing portion and a device coupled to the movable housing portion. The movable housing portion may include a volume of imaging medium and may be configured to move in response to changes in the volume of imaging medium in the movable housing portion. The device may be configured to project a beam of electromagnetic energy onto a location of a beam-receiving photodetector, the beam-receiving location moving in response to movement of the movable housing portion such that the beam-receiving location is based at least on the volume of imaging medium on the movable housing portion.

Abstract: Provided is a biosensor that uses multiple organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) as light sources. The biosensor includes a transparent substrate, a plurality of OLEDs which are disposed on a first surface of the transparent substrate and are electrically separated from each other, and a photo detector above the transparent substrate that receives light emitted from a specimen disposed on the transparent substrate, wherein the specimen is disposed on a region of a second surface which is a surface opposite to the first surface of the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A light source having a first mixing chamber, a light pipe structure, and a controller is disclosed. The first mixing chamber includes a first plurality of LEDs, the first mixing chamber having a first transparent window through which light from the first plurality of LEDs exits the first mixing chamber. The light pipe structure has a first end optically coupled to the window such that light from the first plurality of LEDs enters the first end and a second end through which the light exits. The controller determines the power that is applied to the first plurality of LEDs and includes a photodetector optically coupled to the second end of the light pipe structure. The photodetector generates signals indicative of an intensity of light generated by the LEDs, the controller causing the LEDs to be powered such that the signal matches a target value.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image inputting apparatus including: a base; a sensor main body coupled with the base so as to be able to move in a vertical direction on the base; a switch provided on either one of an upper surface side of the base or a lower surface side of the sensor main body; and a convex part provided on another one of the upper surface side of the base or the lower surface side of the sensor main body at a position facing to the switch.

Abstract: The invention has a monitoring portion which detects change of ambient temperature and degradation with time, provided with a plurality of monitoring pixels and a monitoring line. Each of the plurality of monitoring pixels has a light emitting element for monitoring, a constant current source, a switch, and a detecting circuit, and one electrode of the light emitting element for monitoring is connected to the monitoring line through the switch. The detecting circuit controls on and off of the switch, and specifically in the case where both electrodes of the light emitting element for monitoring are short-circuited, the switch is turned off. The invention having the aforementioned configuration generates no potential change of the power supply line of the pixel portion when both electrodes of a light emitting element for monitoring are short-circuited.

Abstract: An optical module includes a light emitting element, a connector part that supports one end of an optical fiber and optically couples the optical fiber to the light emitting element, and a monitoring light receiving element that has a characteristic to increase photosensitivity with an increase in an ambient temperature, and receives a part of components of light emitted from the light emitting element.

Abstract: An ultraviolet radiation emission unit includes a housing and an aperture located on the housing. A radiation source includes a light emitting diode configured to emit radiation having a wavelength within a range of about 240 nm and about 280 nm. A radiation reflector is disposed proximate to the radiation source and configured to direct the radiation emitted from the radiation source through the aperture in the housing.

Abstract: A fluorometer comprising an excitation system including an excitation source for producing excitation light capable of causing fluorescence in fluorescent material; and a detection system for detecting said fluorescence. The excitation source comprises one or more light emitting diodes (LEDs) associated with means for causing said excitation light to form a beam that projects, during use, from the fluorometer. In one embodiment, the excitation system and the detection system are located in respective separate housings, the angular disposition between the housings being adjustable. In other embodiments, the excitation system and the detection system are located in the same housing. The fluorometer is particularly suited for use in detecting leaks in aqueous environments, especially when mounted on an underwater vehicle.

Abstract: A bottom-emitting organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device, comprising: a transparent substrate; an optical isolation cavity formed over the substrate having a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the substrate; a transparent electrode formed over the optical isolation cavity; one or more layers of organic light-emitting material formed over the transparent electrode; a second electrode formed over the one or more layers of organic light-emitting material; and a light-scattering layer formed over the optical isolation cavity; wherein the transparent electrode or a second layer formed between the optical isolation cavity and the transparent electrode comprises one or more openings leading to the optical isolation cavity, and the cavity is formed by etching a sacrificial layer deposited between the substrate and the transparent electrode or the second layer through the one or more openings.

Abstract: An image data generating device has a photoelectric sensor including an array of pixel generating units, each of which has one photoelectric conversion element and one floating diffusion. The photoelectric sensor includes a matrix of pixel sets, each of which includes a matrix of pixel generating units on two rows and two columns. To generate plane image data, the image data generating device finds a pixel value on a pixel basis from an output value for each pixel generating unit. To generate distance image data, the image data generating device finds a distance to a subject for each pixel set from an output value for each pixel generating unit belonging to the pixel set and calculates a pixel value per pixel set.

Abstract: Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) on silicon substrate. One embodiment described herein includes an apparatus with functionality for communicating optical signals on a silicon integrated circuit chip. The apparatus includes a silicon based integrated circuit chip die. An optical waveguide is formed at the silicon based integrated circuit chip die. A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is mechanically coupled to the silicon base integrated circuit chip die and optically coupled to the optical waveguide.

Abstract: To simplify the burn-in process and reduce its cost for a surface-emitting type wafer and its manufacturing method, and for a burn-in method for a surface-emitting type wafer. A surface-emitting type wafer includes a substrate 10 and a plurality of surface-emitting type elements 1 formed above the substrate 10. Each of the surface-emitting type elements 1 includes a light emitting element section 20, first and second electrodes 30, 32 for driving the light emitting element section 20, and a rectification element section 40. The rectification element section 40 is connected in parallel between the first and second electrodes 30, 32, and has a rectification action in a reverse direction with respect to the light emitting element section 20. The plurality of surface-emitting type elements 1 are connected in series in a direction in which forward directions of the respective light emitting element sections 20 coincide with one another.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes a semiconductor laser for emitting a laser light, an objective lens for irradiating the light flux emitted from the semiconductor laser onto an optical disc, and a light detector for receiving the light flux reflected from the optical disc. The light detector has a light receiving part that comprises five regions of a region 1, a region 2, a region 3 and a region 4.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus is disclosed for medical applications including photo-dynamic-therapy (PDT), photobiostimulation (photobiomodulation), photo-sterilization, and photo-curing. The light emitting apparatus comprises a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements, preferably light emitting diodes (LEDs) to produce a high intensity light beam, and a liquid light guide for delivering the light beam from the light source to the treatment site.

Abstract: A chip type LED which is capable of laterally emitting light from the light emitting diode chip and having a relatively small thickness is provided. The chip type LED includes an insulating substrate 12, a light emitting diode chip 15 mounted on the upper surface of the insulating substrate, and a transparent package 16 provided on the upper surface of the insulating substrate to hermetically seal the light emitting diode chip. The light emitting diode chip 15 is mounted on the upper surface of the insulating substrate with the anode electrode 15f of the light emitting diode chip oriented downward and the cathode electrode 15a oriented upward.

Abstract: A LED driving semiconductor circuit of the present invention includes a first input terminal connected to a light-emitting diode, a switching device block having a first FET and a first switching device, a reference voltage terminal which is connected to the first FET and outputs the reference voltage, a start/stop circuit which outputs a start signal when the reference voltage is equal to or larger than a predetermined value and outputs a stop signal when the reference voltage is less than the predetermined value, a current detection circuit which detects the current flowing through the first switching device, and a control circuit which controls ON/OFF of the first switching device intermittently at the predetermined frequency based on the output signal of the start/stop circuit and the output signal of the current detection circuit so that the constant current flows through the light-emitting diode.

Abstract: This invention concerns a LED light which emits blaze-like radiance comprising a negative prop stand, with one end extending to a negative receiver which can connect to the negative power supply, a positive prop stand with one end extending to a positive receiver which can connect to the positive power supply, a first chip and a second chip established on the negative prop stand, and the first chip is linked to the positive prop stand by a first gold wire, a flicker IC chip established on the positive prop stand, and has the function of continuous linking and breaking of the circuit, the said flicker IC chip is linked to the negative prop stand and the second chip each by a second gold wire and a third gold wire, a plastic sealing cover which covers the interior of the negative prop stand, the positive prop stand, the first chip, the second chip, and the flicker IC chip.

Abstract: In a programmable power supply used in a semiconductor test apparatus, high-speed switching of a large current in a current rage or an output relay is enabled. In a MOSFET drive circuit 22 of a switch portion 20 provided in a programmable power supply 10 of a semiconductor test apparatus 1, a capacitor portion 22-12 is charged with electric charges by a current from a light receiving portion 22-12 of a light insulating element 22-1. When an SWA is turned on (SWB is turned off) by changeover of the analog switch portion 22-3, a gate of each MOSFET in the MOSFET portion 21 is charged with the electric charges stored in the capacitor portion 22-12, and enters an ON state. On the other hand, when the SWB of the analog switch portion 22-3 is turned on (SWA is turned off), the gate of the MOSFET is discharged.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vertical-cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) diode and a method for producing the same. In this method, an n-type and a p-type ohmic contact electrodes are previously disposed, and then two pairs of distributed Bragger reflectors (DBRs) are formed. At last, a permanent metal substrate is plated. According to the present invention, reflectivity of the DBRs can be preserved without damage during rapid thermal annealing, and thus brightness of the laser diode is improved.

Abstract: An electronic equipment includes a light source, in which light of the light source is guided and emitted from an operation member having translucent properties via an optical waveguide, wherein a phosphor emitting visible light by being excited by the light from the light source is contained in a path through which the light of the light source is guided. A backlight structure in which a light source is provided in a printed substrate that is inside a casing having a waveguide plate, and light of the light source is transmitted through the waveguide plate and emitted, wherein a wavelength-converting phosphor that emits light by being excited by the light of the light source is provided in a waveguide path leading to a point where the light of the light source is transmitted through the waveguide plate and is emitted out, except the light source and the printed substrate.

Abstract: The transparent medium processing device comprises: a light control section 2 for performing variable control for the status of the laser beam emitted from the light source section 1, and a light status measurement section 4 for measuring the status of the laser beam inside the processing target TG. The light control section is adjusted based on the output of the light status measurement section so that the status of the laser beam inside the processing target becomes a desired status. Since the status of the laser beam inside the processing target, which is made of such a transparent medium as glass, is measured by the light status measurement section, and is fed back to the light control section, laser processing can be executed while maintaining an optimum status at a processing point inside the processing target.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus comprises a light emitting section for emitting light, a color of the light being changed with a value of a driving current, and a driving section for driving the light emitting section so that the light emitting section emits light having a desired color and a desired intensity, by generating the driving current based on a signal designating the desired color and a signal designating the desired intensity and by applying the driving current to the light emitting section.

Abstract: A flat panel display lighting system 20 includes: semiconductor light-emitting device 10; board 21; and light guide plate 22. The device 10 includes an inverted T-shaped substrate 1 having a base portion 1a, on which a pair of electrodes 2 and 3 are formed, and a mounting portion 1b, on which a light emitter 4 is mounted. The device 10 is mounted through the board 21 with the mounting portion 1b set through an opening 21a formed in the board 21. A light guide plate 22 is mounted on the board 21 so that a face of the plate 22 faces the light emitter 4. Each of the pair of electrodes 2 and 3 is formed on the substrate 1 of the device 10 so as to be electrically connected to the light emitter 4 and to a circuit pattern formed on the board 21.

Abstract: Silicon possesses an indirect band-gap, which limits its use in some photonic applications. A phonon generator is included in a silicon-based device, which promotes electron-hole recombination and so allows silicon to emit photons efficiently. Phonons may be generated by optical or electrical stimulation or as a result energy relaxation of hot-electrons.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device includes a metal case. The metal case includes a brass stem and a cap that covers an upper portion of the stem and has a laser emitting hole therein. The stem is provided with a laser diode having two laser emitting portions and a photodiode. Each cathode of the laser emitting portions and the photodiode is grounded to the metal case as a common lead. Each anode of the laser emitting portions and the photodiode is insulated from the metal case and connected to respective pin protruding downward from the stem. The semiconductor laser device is provided with conductivity to the metal case by press-fitting into an aluminum support plate that is a radiating plate. The support plate is connected to a drive circuit.

Abstract: An accelerated illuminate response system controls a light emitting diode (“LED”), for instance, in an optical sensor system that monitors ink droplets on a print media in an inkjet printing mechanism to adjust future printing for optimal images. A printhead carriage scans an optical sensor across the printed media to determine droplet location, color and hue. The sensor uses an LED to illuminate the media in response to an LED drive signal, and a photodetector to receive light reflected from the media. The LED drive signal first applies a low level pre-warming current, then a high current pulse for a selected duration, and thereafter a normal drive current during a secondary illuminate response until the LED reaches a selected illumination value at or near steady-state conditions. An inkjet printing mechanism having such an optical sensor system is also provided, along with a method of illuminating an LED.

Abstract: A motor-driven pan-tilt unit such as a pan-tilt camera mount designed to remotely control panning and tilting motion of, for example, a surveillance camera is provided.. The pan-tilt unit includes a pan mechanism, a transmitting unit, and an optical signal transmitting unit. The pan mechanism has a stationary housing and a rotary shaft in connection with the camera. The transmitting unit includes a plurality of conductive rings and a plurality of conductive contacts. Each of the conductive rings is mounted on one of the rotary shaft and an inner wall of the stationary housing in electrical contact with one of the conductive contacts to establish transmission of electric power and control signals required for a tilt mechanism and the camera. The optical signal transmitting unit includes a light-emitting element and a light-sensitive element.

Abstract: An image sensing device including an imaging sensor, a package having opposing side portions, and an infrared light selective element coupled to the opposing side portions and overlying a top side portion of the imaging sensor, the selective element including a plastic element and a dye.