Abstract: An airflow valve may comprise a plate assembly located inside an airflow conduit. An actuator may be attached to, and/or otherwise fixed relative to, a plate of the plate assembly. The actuator may be coupled to the airflow conduit. If activated, the actuator may react against the airflow conduit to induce rotation of the plate.

Abstract: A valve component for a valve, the valve comprises a valve housing defining a hollow bore along which flowable material may flow. The valve component comprises a valve member movable between a valve open position for the valve member to open the hollow bore and a valve closed position for the valve member to close the hollow bore, and a valve control mechanism including a drive member configured to be operable to move the valve member between the valve open position and the valve closed position, the drive member operable to rotate the valve member between the valve open position and a valve intermediate position and to linearly move the valve member between the valve intermediate position and the valve closed position.

Abstract: A connecting apparatus for the connection of a valve rod (4) to a closure member (1) of a vacuum valve, with a connecting body (12) which is arranged between a first connecting part (10) and a second connecting part (11). The connecting body (12) has a basic shape of a Steinmetz body which is formed by way of a intersection of two circular cylinders. The connecting body (12) is arranged in an intermediate space between arm projections (24, 25) of the first connecting part (10) and in an intermediate space between arm projections (26, 27) of the second connecting part (11). Corresponding bearing faces (28, 29, 30, 31) of the arm projections (24, 25, 26, 27) bear against bearing faces (13, 14, 15, 16) of the connecting body (12). The two arm projections (24, 25, 26, 27) of the respective connecting part (10, 11) approach one another towards their free ends.

Abstract: A fuel pressure regulator includes a fuel inlet; a fuel outlet; a seating surface; and a valve member assembly. The valve member assembly includes a poppet and also includes a sealing member which is centered about a valve member assembly axis, is annular in shape, and includes a sealing member surface. The valve member assembly is moveable between 1) a closed position in which the sealing member surface annularly engages the seating surface, thereby preventing fuel flow from the fuel inlet to the fuel outlet and 2) an open position in which at least a portion of the sealing member surface is spaced apart from the seating surface, thereby allowing fuel flow from the fuel inlet to the fuel outlet. A spring biases the valve member assembly toward the closed position and is centered about a spring axis which is laterally offset relative to the valve member assembly axis.

Abstract: A pressure relief valve for a gas pressure regulator includes: a deformable and gas-tight, laminar element; an outflow channel that allows the passage of the gas between one side and the other of the laminar element including a precisely-sized hole; a shutter removably associated with the laminar element through a coupler that defines, for the shutter, a closed position of the outflow channel and an open position of the outflow channel; an elastic element interposed between the shutter and the laminar element in order to push the shutter towards the closed position. The couple includes a through hole belonging to the laminar element and a shaft slidingly inserted in the through hole, and the shutter is operatively connected to the shaft. The outflow channel is distinct from the through hole, as sealing is provided to prevent the passage of the gas between the through hole and the shaft.

Abstract: A valve armature for a solenoid valve includes a main body and a tappet that interacts with a valve seat. The main body and the tappet are connected to one another via a connecting apparatus. The connecting apparatus has at least one first latching element that is arranged on the tappet and at least one second latching element that is arranged on the main body. The latching elements are configured for a positively locking and/or non-positive latching connection.

Abstract: A valve includes a valve body, a valve seat, and a poppet assembled with the valve body. The poppet includes an axially extending poppet stem and a radially extending poppet sealing surface. The poppet is axially movable between a closed position and an open position. The poppet sealing surface is defined by a sealing member disposed on the poppet stem. The sealing member is laterally movable on the poppet stem. When the poppet is moved from the open position to the closed position, the sealing member is laterally moved to align the sealing surface with the seating surface.

Abstract: Valve seals are described. An example seal for use in a valve includes a ring-shaped cartridge having a first portion, a second portion opposite the first portion, and a compressible sealing portion between the first and second portions. The first and second portions have respective first and second curved surfaces adjacent a sealing surface of the compressible sealing portion. The first and second curved surfaces enable a flow control member to compress the sealing portion prior to contacting the curved surfaces as the flow control member transitions to a closed position.

Abstract: Thermally compensated valve trim apparatus are disclosed. An example valve trim apparatus includes a valve plug having a recess, an insert fixed in the recess and having an opening therein. The insert is made of a material having a greater strength than a second material of the valve plug. The example valve trim apparatus also includes a valve stem having a threaded end disposed in the opening of the insert to form a valve stem connection, and a spacer operatively coupled to the valve plug and vale stem to affect a load exerted on the valve stem connection in response to a change in temperature.

Abstract: A solenoid valve has a valve seat, a valve element, and a tappet which is shiftably mounted within the solenoid valve and can urge the valve element against the valve seat in which a line perpendicular to a plane defined by the valve seat can be oriented at an angle that is non-zero in relation to the direction of movement of the tappet, the valve seat being oriented obliquely to a center axis defined by a magnetic coil.

Abstract: To provide a small motor-operated valve which can control a high flow, there is provided a motor-operated valve of which a body has an orifice, seat and a valve element provided opposite to the seat. The valve element is operated by a driver which is driven to rotate by an output gear to which the rotation of a rotor having been reduced by means of a mechanical paradox planetary gear mechanism is transmitted. To force the valve element in the direction in which the valve is opened, a coil spring is disposed in a bore formed in the upper portion of the body oppositely to a bush.

Abstract: An illustrative valve cartridge for a pump system is disclosed. In one example the valve cartridge includes a cartridge body, a mounting flange operatively coupled to the cartridge body, wherein the mounting flange is adapted to be coupled to a housing of a pump, a valve member that is adapted to sealingly engage a valve seat within the pump housing and an actuator positioned within the cartridge body, wherein the actuator is operatively coupled to the valve member via a connector and wherein the actuator is adapted for selectively moving the valve member relative to the valve seat when the valve cartridge is operatively coupled to the pump housing.

Abstract: A spacer for maintaining a gap between a slit valve door and a sealing surface of a slit valve body, such as a metallic insert is described. The spacer can extend the life of a seal by limiting the line of sight exposure of the seal to corrosive gases within a wafer processing chamber, for example, and by controlling the compression percentage of the seal. The spacer may be located on an outer ambient side of the slit valve away from any corrosive gasses that may exist in the chamber. The spacer may be attached to the slit valve door partially in a depression therein, and may be integral with the seal. Further, the present invention provides improvements to a standard slit valve assembly that enhance the effectiveness of the slit valve and the spacer.

Abstract: A male coupling member is configured such that, even if a front end surface of a valve member is hit with a hammer, the valve member cannot bite into an opening surface of a coupling body. The male coupling member has a coupling body, a valve member, and a spring member. The valve member has a front end portion fitted into a front end opening of the coupling body, and a valve body. The front end portion has a circular front end surface, a front end annular surface having a smaller diameter than an opening surface of the coupling body, and a reduced-diameter surface having a smaller diameter than the front end annular surface.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to a slit valve door assembly for sealing an opening in a chamber. A slit valve door that is pressed against the chamber to seal the slit valve opening moves with the chamber as the slit valve opening shrinks so that an o-ring pressed between the slit valve door and the chamber may move with the slit valve door and the chamber. Thus, less rubbing of the o-ring against the chamber may occur. With less rubbing, fewer particles may be generated and the o-ring lifetime may be extended. With a longer lifetime for the o-ring, substrate throughput may be increased.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid channel device capable of easily opening the liquid channel from the closed mode, including a base plate in which a liquid channel, through which a liquid containing at least one of a sample and a reagent, flows, and a metering chamber for holding the liquid, are formed to at least one side thereof, the metering chamber has a liquid transport section for transporting the liquid inside the chamber downstream, and this liquid transport section is operated by means of external pressing on a cover plate in the area opposite the metering chamber.

Abstract: An automatically adjusting control valve comprises a valve body; a valve seat within the valve body; a sealing disc adjacent the valve seat when the valve is closed and offset from the valve seat when the valve is open; an armature adjacent the sealing disc and operable to move the sealing disc linearly within the valve body; a biasing mechanism which biases the armature toward a first position; and an actuation stem configured to overcome the biasing mechanism and move the armature between the first position and a second position upon manual operation. The actuation stem may comprise a portion which engages the armature during movement between the first position and the second position The portion may be configured to deform to accommodate manufacturing tolerances of the valve.

Abstract: A valve positioner for controlling a valve closure element is provided. The positioner includes a positioner housing with a plurality of fluid flow passageways in fluid communication with a fluid supply source and the valve closure element. The positioner housing is configured to receive a detachable spool manifold assembly. The spool manifold assembly is positioned adjacent the plurality of fluid flow passageways. The spool manifold assembly includes a reciprocally moveable spool configured to selectively port fluid flow from the plurality of fluid flow passageways. The spool manifold assembly includes a diaphragm connected to the spool via a flexible shaft. The diaphragm is in fluid communication with a transducer for receiving a fluid causing the diaphragm to expand or contract and thereby displacing the spool. The flexible shaft is radially elastic in order to minimize axial backlash between the diaphragm and the spool. The flexible shaft configuration minimizes the spool stroke.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pressure regulator for a fuel supply unit of a motor vehicle comprising a valve for joining a connection to an outlet above a designated pressure in the connection, a valve body and a valve seat, and a spring element for prestressing the valve body against the valve seat, characterized in that the valve body is designed as a sheet-metal part.

Abstract: A motor-operated valve includes a driving unit including a rotor and a stator, a feed screw mechanism, and a valve main body unit. In order to remove backlash intrinsic in the feed screw mechanism, a coil spring that urges a valve body in a direction away from a valve seat is arranged in a valve chamber. A spring bearing that forms a housing, in which the coil spring is housed, in the valve chamber is provided. Therefore, the large valve chamber is secured in the valve main body unit and passing sound is reduced when a fluid passes the motor-operated valve. Contact surfaces of the valve body and the coil spring can be aligning curved surfaces that absorb a bend of the coil spring.

Abstract: A self-aligning poppet valve assembly is disclosed. The self-aligning poppet valve assembly is disposed within the inner wall of a conduit and comprises a movable sealing member having a poppet guide, a seat portion comprising an inner receptacle adapted to receive the moveable sealing member, a sealing flange adapted to contact the moveable sealing member, thereby selectively inhibiting fluid flow past the moveable sealing member, and a guide receiving portion coupled the poppet guide, and a sealing device surrounding the seat portion and adapted to maintain a seal between the seat portion and the inner wall of the conduit.

Abstract: For downsizing, cost reduction, and better characteristic, a pressure control valve (1) consists of a valve main body (2) having a valve chamber (2a); a valve seat (2d) within the valve chamber; a valve body (3) moving close to and away from the valve seat; and a disc spring (11) for energizing the valve body toward the valve seat, the valve body moves away from the valve seat when force acting in a direction for moving the valve body away from the valve seat by pressure within the valve chamber exceeds elastic force of the disc spring, a dimension of the valve main body in a valve body movement direction is lessened by use of the disc spring, a manufacturing cost is reduced by use of the disc spring made for general purpose, and the disc spring is preferable for high-pressure control due to its high spring rigidity.

Abstract: An inflatable evacuation slide has a pressure relief valve in at least one of the inflatable support tubes. The pressure relief valve has a “floating” lifter that slidingly engages the valve stem of the poppet valve portion of the pressure relief valve. Because the lifter floats on the valve stem, the lifter cannot load the poppet valve in compression. When the poppet valve opens, however, air pressure acting on the lifter causes the lifter to engage a stop at the end of the valve stem, which enables the lifter to fully open the poppet.

Abstract: In a valve gear mechanism of an internal combustion engine, there is provided a valve opening and closing a combustion chamber, a spring device which generates a force pressing the valve toward a valve seat, a drive mechanism driving the valve in an opening direction via an operating section capable of being in contact with and separated from the valve, and a separation inhibiting device which inhibits a separation between the operating section and the valve.

Abstract: A flexible wedge has a pair of pressure retaining plates and a central wedge body therebetween. The pressure retaining plates have inclined seating surfaces on opposed outer faces thereof for mating with corresponding valve seats within the valve body to prevent substance flow therethrough when the gate valve wedge is in the closed position. The central wedge body is disposed between, and integrally links, the pressure retaining plates. The central wedge body defines at least two offset slots which extend partially into the central wedge body from opposed edges thereof and which overlap in a depth-wise direction to define a deflectable web portion between the offset slots.

Abstract: A needle valve having a soft tip adapted for sealing an annular valve seat of a body port. The soft tip may be defined as two dissimilar circular rod sections of ductile plastic with the larger diameter having a conical taper. The soft tip is pressed into a mating hole in the metal portion of stem up to its annular seat. A thin metal tubular section of the metal stem is cold formed over the soft tip to retain it in place. The metal retainer secures the soft tip in the axial direction and limits the radial expansion of the soft tip while it is cold formed over the annular valve seat of the body port. The metal retainer also limits the axial movement of the stem to its maximum operating position. Under high axial forces, the soft tip does not rotate relative to the valve seat. A resilient high-pressure seal is achieved with this arrangement.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pressure regulator comprising a housing including a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber, a moveable pressure boundary member configured to isolate the high pressure chamber from the low pressure chamber, a pintle valve, including a pintle stem and a pintle retainer, the pintle stem extending through the moveable pressure boundary member and carrying the pintle retainer, the pintle retainer being disposed in the low pressure chamber, and a resilient member interposed between the pintle retainer and the moveable pressure boundary member. The present invention also provides a pressure regulating valve comprising a housing, including a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber, a moveable pressure boundary member, a moveable pressure boundary member, configured to isolate the high pressure chamber from the low pressure chamber, and configured to limit movement of the moveable pressure boundary member.

Abstract: A suspension of a valve plate of a vacuum valve at a valve rod has a bearing block of rubber-elastic material with first and second side surfaces, one of which side surfaces is fastened to the valve rod or to a plate which is rigidly connected with the latter, and the other side surface is fastened to the valve plate or to a plate which is rigidly, connected with the latter, wherein an inelastic force transmission part is embedded in the rubber-elastic material of the bearing block and extends at oppositely located points or along oppositely located lines up to the side surfaces of the bearing block.

Abstract: A vacuum processing device has at least one vacuum processing unit, which includes a housing defining a vacuum chamber, and a gate valve assembly. The valve assembly includes a lid plate. for covering an opening in the housing, and a connecting member connected fixedly to a rotating shaft. Each of several aligned adjustment rods connects the plate to the connecting member, and is disposed perpendicular to the plate. A plurality of resilientunits biases the plate away from the connecting member to press against a wall of the housing, which defines the opening. A plurality of adjusting units are movable respectively on the rods to vary the distance between a portion of the plate and a portion of the connecting member, which are interconnected by the respective one of the rods, so that the plate can be pressed entirely against the wall of the housing.

Abstract: In a gate valve having a rectangular gate, generation of flection &dgr; at opposite end portions due to bending moment applied to the gate is suppressed easily. For this purpose, in the gate valve in which a central portion of a longer side of the rectangular gate 5 is mounted to a tip end of a shaft 6 operated by driving of a cylinder device 2 and the gate 5 is pressed against a valve seat 8 provided around a rectangular valve opening 7 by tilting the shaft 6 after the gate 5 is moved to a position facing the valve opening 7 by movement of the shaft 6 by driving of the cylinder device 2, the gate 5 is formed to have an uneven wall thickness including a large thickness in a vicinity of a fulcrum portion connected to the shaft 6 and a small thickness on each of opposite end portion sides.

Abstract: A pressure regulator for supplying water to a poultry watering system or the like includes a control assembly for operating the pressure regulator in a normal or “on” mode, an off mode or a flush or bypass mode. A desired operating pressure is set by loading a diaphragm responsive to output pressure changes. Diaphragm movement is transferred by the control system to a valve member cooperating with an inlet orifice. The control system includes a spring captured in a preloaded state between first and second end members, one connected to the valve member and the other connected to the diaphragm. A knob is rotated from a normal “on” position to an off position and a collar pushes the end members together and pushes the valve member against the orifice. The knob is rotated to a flush or bypass position and the collar pulls the end members together and pulls the valve member away from the orifice. The inlet orifice and an inlet port are parts of a removeably mounted inlet member.

Abstract: A valve, for example a valve for use in conjunction with a pneumatic pressure controller for controlling a load pressure in a volume, comprises an apparatus for aligning a pressure control valve such that a seal between at least one input port and a flapper structure is created. In particular, the pressure control valve contains a structure designed to maintain the seal between the pressure input port and the flapper structure throughout a selected range of motion of the flapper.

Abstract: A mass fluid flow controller has a valve which is controlled by a controller rod structure which is substantially pivotally mounted on a metallic diaphragm which stretches and unstretches with the movement of the rod structure. In the relationship between the controller rod structure and a ball which acts as a gate-member for the valve, an elongated stem rod having a sleeve about it may be used in fixing the ball to the controller rod structure. The stem rod may be mounted by fixing it to the elongated sleeve, a distance from the gate-member side of the controller rod structure that is substantially greater than the distance of the position of the ball from the gate-member side of the controller rod structure.

Abstract: Fill valve 10 controls the flow of propane from a fill line FL to a control valve CV mounted on a propane use tank T. The fill valve includes a valve body 12 having a propane inlet 20, an elongate sleeve 24 and a discharge housing 22 surrounding the elongate sleeve and having an external left-hand thread 30 for interconnection with a mating thread in the control valve. A nose tip 26 is secured to the elongate sleeve and has an external surface 68, an annular seal 70 for sealing engagement with the control valve, and a fill valve seat 100 defining a portion of a flow passage 66 therethrough. Valve stem 18 extends through the valve body and the elongate sleeve and is axially moveable between opened and closed positions. A lower end of the valve stem is positioned within the nose tip. A handle is pivotably connected to the valve stem. A fill valve seal 76 is carried on the valve stem for sealing engagement and disengagement with the fill valve seat 100.

Abstract: A movable core (71) is formed to have such an outer shape that the surface area of the movable core opposite to a yoke (51) is reduced in the region where the stop position, which is determined by balancing between the electromagnetic attracting force and a return spring (70), exceeds a certain position. Thus, when the movable core (71) is stopped in the certain position, the outer circumference surface of a larger-diameter portion of the movable core (71) faces the yoke and the magnetic flux passes through the magnetic passage as per designed. But when the movable core (71) is stopped beyond the certain position, both large- and small-diameter portions of the movable core (71) face the yoke (51) and the outer circumference area of the larger-diameter portion of the movable core (71) which faces the yoke (51) is reduced. Therefore, the magnetic flux becomes hard to pass through the magnetic passage and the electromagnetic attracting force is reduced.

Abstract: A valve arrangement is illustrated and described, in particular an electronic expansion valve arrangement, for pneumatic or hydraulic pressure media comprising a valve housing having a first medium connection and a second pressure medium connection, which are connected together by a throughflow space formed in a cavity of the housing, and a slider element which is arranged in the valve housing and cooperates with a valve seat, with the slider element being operationally connected to a positioning element of a drive and being displaceably guided parallel to the valve seat between a closed position, in which the one contact surface of the slider element closes a throughflow opening formed by the valve seat, and an open position, in which a throughflow passage formed in the slider element frees the throughflow opening.

Abstract: A cylinder head assembly for an internal combustion engine includes self-aligning valve guides which are movable radially and coaxially to a variety of locations in which the axes of the valve guide and valve guide bore formed in the cylinder head are all parallel. The final location of the valve guide is determined by the contact relationship between the valve head and its mating valve seat.

Abstract: There is disclosed a pressure-compensated mixing valve of the diaphragm and reciprocating piston type, wherein a flexible connection between the diaphragm and the pistons is provided. This flexible connection affords a self-alignment of the pistons in water inlet passages. In a preferred manner, this is used with a mixing valve providing alignment of a ported ring member that also provides in part an internal stop feature.

Abstract: A valve for controlling the flow of a gas in a gas burning torch comprises a housing having a flow passageway therethrough, a valve seat in the passageway, and a valve stem carrying a ball valve element for engaging and disengaging the valve seat to respectively close and open said passageway. A rotatable operating knob for displacing the valve stem is isolated therefrom by a ball thrust bearing, and the valve stem is supported in the housing for rocking movement transverse to the stem axis.

Abstract: A valve has a valve member and an actuating member supported on the valve member by a mounting pin for actuating movement, wherein the pin has an axis extending between opposite ends thereof and the actuating member is connected to the pin intermediate its ends. The pin is supported on the valve member by a resilient coupling assembly including a support ring engaging the opposite ends of the pin and floating on a wave spring seated on a second support ring which is screwed to the valve member so that forces applied to the pin perpendicular to its axis will translate the pin against the spring rather than bend the pin. The second support ring is welded to a retaining ring and cooperates therewith to retain the spring and the first support ring in an integral cartridge module which can be mounted as a unit on the valve member.

Abstract: A hand operated control valve for venting fluid pressure from a fluid line including a valve body having a vent port being controlled by a needle valve having an elongated shaft. The upper end of the elongated is affixed by a lift rod having a looped configuration to a pivotal lever. Upper and lower springs resiliently apply forces to the lever. Depression of the lever lifts the needle valve to progressively creates a variable flow opening for venting.

Abstract: An improved valve of the flapper plate type is disclosed, the valve comprising at least one flexible member for connecting the flapper plate and the arm actuating the flapper. The flexible member absorbs impact energy and allows restricted three dimensional movement of the flapper plate. The seals for the flapper plate and the seat comprise electrically conductive sealing materials.

Abstract: There is provided a valve damper which is pivotally suspended and may in its closing position cooperate with a seat, e.g., formed in a ventilating channel, and wherein an annular seal may be placed on the damper and/or seat. In order to achieve a smoke-tight closure of the damper, the latter is connected to a pivot shaft via resilient carriers, the attachment points thereof on the damper being displaced in relation to the axis of the pivot shaft.

Abstract: To minimize metal-to-metal engagements of valve components, and relative movements therebetween, as an end toward reducing wear, the valving plate has an integral bushing, and both the plate and the bushing are formed of a non-metallic material. The bushing, therefore, moves with the valving plate; it has grooves formed therein in which to nest the plate-biasing spring.

Abstract: A fluid pressure regulator of compact construction including an improved diaphragm-valve assembly interposed between a flow body and a second body cap element. The flow body has an inlet and outlet passage and a valve cavity with a centrally disposed ported valve insert to allow the regulated passage of fluid. Mounted to the flow body, the cap element confines a diaphragm of the diaphragm-valve assembly and houses an adjustable coil-spring biased against the assembly. The diaphragm-valve assembly includes a ring-shaped diaphragm element interlocated between a circular element central to the diaphragm and a diaphragm compression limiting clamp plate ring. The circular element has a central recess over the valve insert which houses a spring-backed self-aligning ball valve element having a flat chordal surface adjacent the insert.

Abstract: A fuel pressure regulator with a flexible diaphragm defining in part first and second chambers in a housing and moving a ball valve in the first chamber to open and closed positions to regulate pressure of fuel discharged from the first chamber through an outlet having a seat on which the ball is received when the valve is closed. A cage carried by the diaphragm cooperates with a carrier member or disc fixed to the ball to provide a lost motion coupling between the diaphragm and the ball valve. This coupling permits movement within predetermined limits of the diaphragm generally axially, radially and pivotally relative to the ball while it remains on its seat and upon further generally axial movement of the diaphragm open and partially closes the ball valve to regulate and maintain substantially constant the pressure of fuel discharged from the chamber over substantially the full range of the rate at which the fuel is discharged.

Abstract: In a pivoting air lock for the entry and/or exit of a substrate from one treatment chamber into an adjacent one or from atmospheric space into a chamber of lesser pressure, especially a slot air lock for a pass-through vacuum coating apparatus, with a flap-like valve plate (2) held in stationary bearings (11, 11a) and two closing motors (10, 10a) in active connection with the valve plate, the valve plate (2) is, with the interposition of two spring rods (5, 5a), linked to a valve beam (1) which in turn has two diametrically opposite journals (12, 12a) which are coupled for rotation with the shafts (18, 18a) of the motors (10, 10a), the shafts (18, 18a) of the motors (10, 10a) being brought in a pressure-proof manner through the wall (13, 13a) of the chamber (3).

Abstract: A retrofittable drain insert for existing bell shaped traps and other type drains is provided. The drain insert enables an existing bell trap or pipe drain to be modified and upgraded easily by not only preventing the backflow of sewer gases but also by substantially reducing the backflow of fluid through the drain into the drained area. The drain insert includes a housing with a valve means suspended by an expandable suspension means which easily fits into and can be mounted within the existing drain opening. The valve means has a larger diameter than the housing so as to form a gas tight and fluid tight seal, however, it has a smaller diameter than the existing drain opening so as easily to be retrofittable and fit therein.

Abstract: A valve device for matrix printers of the ink jet type.The device is arranged for providing a liquid tight closure and opening of a passage for generating a portion of a character by the output of a certain amount of liquid for character recording through said passage.Armatures, each one having an end portion are arranged as valve bodies in the passages, and means are arranged for operating the armatures in a reciprocating movement for obtaining said closure and opening functions.A plate shaped element is the element wherein the passages are formed and comprises a grindable element, which is such that it is grindable to a smooth condition with long term smoothness and generally free from internal strains.The end portion or valve head of each armature has at least partially a smooth surface arranged for being directly brought into abutment against the smooth grinded element, around the opening of the passage facing the armature.

Abstract: A two position four-way switching valve has two inputs and two outputs. In one position of the valve, each input is connected to a defined one of the outputs, while in a second position the outputs are reversed. In a specific embodiment, the valve includes an inner cylindrical member enclosed within an outer casing having an opening forming an outlet. The other outlet and the two inlets are formed by tubes that extend inwardly through the casing and communicate with ports in the inner cylindrical member. The ports include first, second and third ports are spaced axially along the cylindrical member. Fluid entering through the inlets is routed to the outlets by plug-type valves including seals carried by an axially movable stem extending through the cylindrical member.