Abstract: An initiator for cationic polymerization comprises a salt of a protic acid as well as a protic acid. The molar ratio of protic acid to salt is in the range from 1:0.01 to 1:2000. The initiator is used for example for cationic homo- or copolymerization of trioxane, and permits stable and flexible operation of the polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of Styrenated Phenol Ethoxylates as surfactants in emulsion polymerization. The present invention further relates to the use of both anionic and nonionic Styrenated Phenol Ethoxylates in emulsion polymerization. Latexes with small average particle and narrow particle size distributions are obtained. Prepared latexes also have low coagulum levels and exhibit excellent mechanical and chemical stability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plasticizer preparations based on benzoic ester with monohydric alcohols and aryl alkanesulphonates and use of these as plasticizers in plastics.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel composition comprising hydroxylamine esters and thio compounds, which are suitable for lowering the molecular weight of polypropylene, propylene copolymers or polypropylene blends and result in an excellent degradation performance at temperatures below 220° C.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to the field of thermosetting or thermoset polymers mainly used as materials, coatings, or adhesives. The invention more specifically relates to the use of specific molecules having associative groups including a nitrogen heterocycle as a hardener or co-hardener of thermosetting polymers.

Abstract: Polyurethane foam compositions and processes to make flexible polyurethane foams are disclosed. Polyurethane foam is produced in the presence of additives comprising guanidine derivatives. Improvements in physical properties such as air flow, dimensional stability, tensile, tear, elongation and foam hardness is observed when these additives are present in polyurethane formulations. In addition, these additives can minimize polymer degradation under humid ageing conditions resulting in foam products with better mechanical properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides a monomer for a polymerisable composition, a polymerisable composition containing the monomers, a polymer formed from the polymerisable composition, and ophthalmic lens blanks and ophthalmic lenses formed from the polymer. The monomer is a compound having the formula (I) or (Ia).

Abstract: Reaction products prepared from reactants including: (a) at least one compound of structural Formula (I): wherein R1 is selected from aryl and heteroaryl; X is selected from a direct bond, —O—, —S—, —NH—, alkylene, cycloalkylene, heterocyclylene, arylene, alkarylene, and heteroarylene; Y is a substituted alkylene group having at least two contiguous carbon atoms and which can be interrupted by one or more —O—, —S—, or —NH— moieties as defined herein, wherein the alkylene group of Y has substituents independently selected from —OH, —NH2, —SH, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl, or two hydrogen atoms on the same carbon atom of Y are replaced by carbonyl, and wherein at least two substituents of Y are each independently selected from —OH, —NH2, and —SH, as defined herein; and (b) at least one isocyanate functional material.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to vulcanization compositions used to vulcanize elastomeric articles, where the vulcanization compositions have reduced allergenic potential as compared to elastomeric articles formed using vulcanization compositions having non-fugitive accelerators. The present invention also relates to elastomeric articles formed using the vulcanization compositions. The invention further relates to methods for making a reduced-allergenicity vulcanization composition, and to methods for using the vulcanization compositions to vulcanize elastomeric articles.

Abstract: A sulfur-containing anionic polymerization initiator defined by the formula: R1?S—R2?aR3?Li? where R1 is a monovalent organic group, R2 is a divalent organic group, R3 is a divalent organic group or a bond, and a is an integer from 1 to about 5.

Abstract: An optical resin composition with superior impact resistance and a method for producing an optical lens from the composition are disclosed. In one embodiment, the optical resin composition for a plastic optical lens has superior impact resistance as well as light-weight, superior moldability, excellent dyeing ability, a high Abbe number and good transparency. The optical lens produced from the composition exhibits superior impact resistance even after multi-coating. The optical resin composition with superior impact resistance has a solid refractive index (nD) of about 1.53 to about 1.57, an Abbe number of about 35 to about 48, a liquid specific gravity of about 0.97 to about 1.25 and a solid specific gravity of about 1.10 to about 1.35, by which the composition comprises a mixture of isophorone diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate, pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), a UV absorber, a release agent and a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sulphur donor curing agent comprising a combination of between 10 and 90 wt % of a mixture of polysulphides of poly(alkyl phenol) and between 90 and 10 wt. % a compound of the formula R?NHCONHR? were R? and R? are the same or different and are hydrogen oa an alkyl or aryl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and methods of curing an EPDM-type rubber elastomer with the composition which presents no risk of the formation of nitrosamines.

Abstract: A carrier system for transport of functional chemicals in substrates, such as fiber and plastic materials, comprises a carrier compound and at least one functional chemical, whereby the carrier compound consists of micelles, liposomes, lyotropic liquid crystals, or intercalation compounds. The functional chemical that is transported by the carrier compound migrates into the substrate and has an anisotropic distribution therein. Methods for modification, for activation and deactivation in a subsequent application on substrates are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of wood material made of fragmentation products containing lignocelluloses, wherein these wood materials have a reduced emission of volatile organic compounds, aldehydes, particularly formaldehyde. Specifically, the invention relates to methods for the production of wood materials having reduced emission of volatile organic compounds and aldehydes, wherein a certain combination of compounds is utilized in order to prevent the emission of volatile organic compounds and aldehydes, particularly formaldehydes, from the produced wood material. The present invention further relates to wood material that can be produced according this method, particularly OSB panels, particle board, and MDF panels. Finally, the present invention provides compositions suitable in the treatment of wood material to reduce the emission of aldehydes, particularly formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to radiation-curable coating materials comprising new photoinitiators, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: A scorch inhibitor composition for polyurethane foams is composed of (a) one or more derivatized phenolic compounds in an amount of about 60-80% by weight; (b) one or more aromatic amines in the form of a liquid in an amount of about 15-35% by weight; (c) an alkyl-substituted hydroquinone in an amount of about 4-8% by weight, and (d) phenothiazine at 0 to about 1.0% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides polythiol oligomer formed by the reaction of at least two or more different dienes and at least one or more dithiol wherein stoichiometric ratio of the sum of the number of equivalents of all polythiols to the sum of the number of equivalents of all dienes used to form the polythiol oligomer is greater than 1.0:1.0; and wherein the two or more different dienes comprise (a) at least one non-cyclic diene and at least one cyclic diene; or (b) at least one aromatic ring-containing diene and at least one non-aromatic cyclic diene; or (c) at least one non-aromatic monocyclic diene and at least one non-aromatic polycyclic diene; Sulfur-containing polyurethane of the present invention can be prepared by combining polyisocyanate, polyisothiocyanate, or mixture thereof; the polythiol oligomer described above; and active hydrogen-containing material.

Abstract: Photoinitiators mixture comprising (i) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alpha-hydroxy ketones, monoacylphosphine oxides, bisacylphosphine oxides, ketosulfones, benzil ketals, benzoin ether, phenylglyoxylates, borates and titanocenes; and (ii) at least one compound of the formula (I) or (I?) R1, R?1, R2 and R2? R?9 independently of each other for example are hydrogen or C1-C12alkyl R7, R8, R9, R?8 and R?9 independently of each other for example are hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl which optionally is substituted or phenyl which optionally is substituted, exhibit excellent photoinitiating properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel composition comprising hydroxylamine esters and thio compounds, which are suitable for lowering the molecular weight of polypropylene, propylene copolymers or polypropylene blends and result in an excellent degradation performance at temperatures below 220° C.

Abstract: A process for preparing sulphur composites is disclosed. Molten sulphur is combined with filler and/or aggregate, with a compound of formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently chosen from alkoxy, acyloxy, aryloxy, alkyl, aryl and halogen, wherein R4 is alkylene and wherein X is a leaving group; and with a compound of formula (II): MmSn wherein M is a nitrogen-containing cation, a phosphorus-containing cation or a metal atom, m is 1 or 2 and n is from 1 to 8, or M is hydrogen, i is 2 and n is 1, The invention yet further relates to a process for preparing an organosilane coupling agent.

Abstract: The instant invention is a cure system for halogenated elastomer compositions, a curable halogenated elastomer composition, and a method for curing a halogenated elastomer composition. The cure system for halogenated elastomer compositions includes a polymercapto crosslinking agent, an inorganic base, and a hydrated salt selected from the group consisting of lithium citrate, trilithium citrate pentahydrate, trilithium citrate tetrahydrate, and monolithium dihydrogen citrate monohydrate. The curable halogenated elastomer composition includes a chlorinated elastomer, and a cure system including a polymercapto crosslinking agent, an inorganic base, and a hydrated salt selected from the group consisting of lithium citrate, trilithium citrate pentahydrate, trilithium citrate tetrahydrate, and monolithium dihydrogen citrate monohydrate.

Abstract: An extraction aid has been found which provides for enhanced contaminate removal, such as metals and amines, from crude oils that uses components that are desirable in desalting processes as the components are water soluble, have low toxicity, are highly biodegradeable and exhibit high thermal stability. According to one embodiment of the invention, an extraction aid that provides enhanced extraction properties is comprised of a blend of acids, particularly water soluble acids. More specifically, a combination of two acids chosen from the group consisting of acetic acid, sulfuric acid, glycolic acid, citric acid and methanesulfonic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of solubilizing graphite and applications thereof, including the manufacture of composites and the purification of graphene. The method of the invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps carried out under inert atmosphere: a) reduction of graphite by an alkali metal to lead to a graphite intercalation compound; and b) exposure of the graphite intercalation compound to a polar aprotic solvent to lead to a reduced graphene solution. The present invention relates more particularly to graphene solutions and graphene planes obtained through said method, as well as uses of such graphene solutions and planes.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the present invention provides a method for preparing a chain-extended lithiated thioacetal solution, the method comprising (i) preparing a lithiated thioacetal by reacting an initiator precursor compound with an organolithium compound; and (ii) chain extending the lithiated thioacetal by polymerizing monomer including conjugated diene monomer, optionally together with vinyl aromatic monomer, to form a polymeric or oligomeric segment having at least 3 and less than 125 repeat units.

Abstract: An initiator for cationic polymerization comprises a salt of a protic acid as well as a protic acid. The molar ratio of protic acid to salt is in the range from 1:0.01 to 1:2000. The initiator is used for example for cationic homo- or copolymerization of trioxane, and permits stable and flexible operation of the polymerization.

Abstract: Use of amino acids as regulator substances in the free-radical polymerization of monomer mixtures comprising at least 70% by weight of at least one acrylic and/or methacrylic ester and reaction solution comprising one or more solvents and one or more monomers, at least 50% by weight of the solvents being organic solvents, and at least 70% by weight of the monomers being acrylic and/or methacrylic esters, with at least one amino acid is being present.

Abstract: Sulfur-containing silanes described herein can serve as coupling agents for fillers in elastomer compositions used, for example, in tires, belts, hoses, shoe soles, seals, gaskets, and the like. The sulfur containing silanes advantageously reduce or eliminate the generation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during use.

Abstract: A delinking composition in the form of a combined solid dose comprising: (i) one or more elastomer delinking accelerators selected from the group consisting of zinc salts of thiocarbamates and zinc salts of dialkyl dithiophosphates; and (ii) one or more elastomer delinking accelerators selected from the group consisting of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole or derivatives thereof, thiurams, guanidines, 4,4?-dithiomorpholine and sulpenamides; and (iii) at least one elastomer delinking activator.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a mixture of a sulfonate group-containing compound denoted by general formula (1) with a protonic acid: wherein, in general formula (1), X denotes a divalent linking group; each of R1 and R2 independently denotes an alkyl group comprising at least one hydroxyl group and equal to or more than three carbon atoms or an aralkyl group comprising at least one hydroxyl group and equal to or more than eight carbon atoms; and M denotes a cation.

Abstract: The invention relates to sulfur silane coupling agents containing multiple blocked mercapto groups which are in a state of reduced activity until activated. The coupling agents are advantageously used in rubber formulations, for example, for fabricating tires with low rolling resistance.

Abstract: To provide initiators in two components having no discoloring after polymerization and excellent polymerization-curability under the existence of water, and provide a polymerizable composition using the initiators in two components. The initiators in two components is for polymerizing and curing a (meth)acrylate compound, and the initiator includes (a) a peroxide being compatible or soluble with water, (b) an aromatic sulfinic acid compound, (c) a tert-amine compound, and (d) water. The polymerizable composition uses the initiators in two components. Particularly, preferably, the polymerizable composition includes a first component and a second component. The first component comprising (a) a peroxide being compatible or soluble with water, and a (meth)acrylate compound, and the second component includes (b) an aromatic sulfinic acid compound, (c) a tert-amine compound, and (d) water.

Abstract: Novel compositions are provided containing a compound represented by the formula YOSF5 or ZOSF5, where: (a) Y is: (i) an organic cation other than (Me2N)3S+ or (ii) an inorganic cation, provided that when Y is the inorganic cation, the composition further includes a complexing agent; and (b) Z is C1-20 alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, combinations thereof, or analogues thereof containing at least one heteroatom, provided that the compound represented by the formula ZOSF5 is a molecular compound. Processes of making the cationic compounds are disclosed as are processes for using the compositions containing cationic compounds in nucleophilic replacement reactions to prepare the compositions containing molecular compounds including the OSF5 group.

Abstract: There is provided a reaction accelerator for polymerizing a conductive polymer, comprising: a salt of an anion derived from a sulfonic acid having a skeleton of benzene or naphthalene having at least one OH group, and at least one divalent or more cation other than a transition metal cation. There is also provided a conductive polymer including the salt concerning the reaction accelerator. There is also provided a solid electrolyte capacitor including the conductive polymer as a solid electrolyte. The conductive polymer has a high electric conductivity and good heat-resistance. The solid electrolyte capacitor is reliable for an extended period of time.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) and (II) M1, M2 and M3 independently of one another are no bond, a direct bond, CO, O, S, SO, SO2or NR14; provided that at least one of M1, M2 or M3 is a direct bond, CO, O, S, SO, SO2 or NR14; M4 is a direct bond, CR?3R?4, CS, O, S, SO, or SO2; Y is S or NR18; R1 for example is hydrogen, C3-C8cycloalkyl, phenyl or napthyl, both of which are optionally substituted; R2 for example is C1-C20alkyl; R?2 has one of the meanings given for R2; R3 and R4 are for example hydrogen, halogen, C1-C20alkyl; R?3, R?4, R?3 and R?4 indepedently of one another have one of the meanings given for R3 and R4; and R5 is for example hydrogen, halogen, C1-C20alkyl; provided that in the compounds of the formula (I) at least two oxime ester groups are present and provided that at least one specified substituent R2 or R?2 is present; exhibit an unexpectedly good performance in photopolymerization reactions.

Abstract: A crosslinked polysulfide-containing cycloaliphatic compound, useful as a crosslinker for filled sulfur-vulcanizable elastomer compositions, is represented by the general formula: [(CaH2a-)mG1(-CbH2bSx—)n?m]o[CcH2c-G2-CdH2dSy—]p[R]q wherein G1 is a saturated, monocyclic aliphatic group of valence n containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one halogen or a saturated monocyclic silicone [RSiO—]n[R2SiO—]r group of valence n; G2 is a saturated, divalent cyclic aliphatic group of valence 2 containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one halogen or a saturated monocyclic silicone [RSiO—]n[R2SiO—]r group of valence n; each R independently is a selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, monovalent hydrocarbon of up to 20 carbon atoms and a halogen atom; each occurrence of subscripts a, b, c, d, m, n, o, p, q, x and y independently is an integer wherein a is 2 to 6; b is 2 to 6; c is 1 to 6; d is 1 to 6; m is 1 or 2; n is 3 to 5; o is a positiv

Abstract: Ionically curable fluoroelastomers based on vinylidenfluoride (VDF) comprising: a) 100 parts by weight of fluoroelastomer based on vinylidenfluoride (VDF) substantially polar end groups free; b) from 0.1 to 0.35 phr of accelerating agent; c) from 1 to 15 phr of curing agent; d) from 2 to 20 phr of one or more inorganic acid acceptors, preferably bivalent metal oxides; e) from 0 to 3 phr, preferably from 0 to 1.5 phr of one or more basic compounds preferably hydroxides of bivalent metals or of weak acid metal salts; f) from 0 to 80 phr of reinforcing fillers; g) from 0 to 3 phr of coadjuvants of processability.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent serving as oxidant and dopant in which it does not generate precipitates in a state of an alcohol solution for a certain period of time and the oxidizing power is not too strong. By using the same, the present invention provides a conductive polymer having a high conductivity and heat resistance. By using the same, the present invention provides a solid electrolytic capacitor reliable under a high temperature condition. The present invention provides an agent serving as oxidant and dopant for conductive polymer production, the agent serving as oxidant and dopant comprising: a ferric salt of acids comprising a benzene sulfonic acid derivative represented by formula (1) and sulfuric acid. “R” represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 to 4. More than 90 mole % of the benzene sulfonic acid derivative have R at the para position with respect to the SO3H group. Sulfuric acid is contained at 0.05 to 1.5 mass % in the acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a biocompatible prepolymer comprising hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments, wherein the hydrophobic segments have at least one ethylenically unsaturated functional group and at least 5% of the segments have two or more ethylenically unsaturated functional groups and water. The invention further provides a biocompatible prepolymer composition comprising hydrophilic and hydrophobic prepolymers, wherein at least one of the hydrophobic prepolymers has at least one ethylenically unsaturated functional group and at least 5% of the prepolymers have two or more ethylenically unsaturated functional groups and water. The invention further provides use of the prepolymer or prepolymer compositions of the invention in biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, as bone substitutes or scaffolds, and in wound treatment.

Abstract: The instant invention is a cure system for halogenated elastomer compositions, a curable halogenated elastomer composition, and a method for curing a halogenated elastomer composition. The cure system for halogenated elastomer compositions includes a polymercapto crosslinking agent, an inorganic base, and a hydrated salt selected from the group consisting of lithium citrate, trilithium citrate pentahydrate, trilithium citrate tetrahydrate, and monolithium dihydrogen citrate monohydrate. The curable halogenated elastomer composition includes a chlorinated elastomer, and a cure system including a polymercapto crosslinking agent, an inorganic base, and a hydrated salt selected from the group consisting of lithium citrate, trilithium citrate pentahydrate, trilithium citrate tetrahydrate, and monolithium dihydrogen citrate monohydrate.

Abstract: A metal sulfate alcohol composition as well as a process to produce such composition is disclosed. Also disclosed is a process to produce polyester containing the metal sulfate alcohol composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds represented by structural Formula (III): wherein X, R1, R2, and R4 are as described herein, reaction products of compounds of Formula (III) and isocyanates, use of such compounds and reaction products as anaerobic cure accelerators, methods of making the same, and compositions including such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical unit for high-resolution applications all lenses in which are made of plastics. The optical unit includes lens (1) and (2). The lens (1) is a plastic lens having an Abbe number of 45-60. The lens (2) is a lens injection molded from a polycarbonate material comprising a structure derived from spirobiindan and having a glass transition temperature of 120-150° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to fast-gelling plasticizer preparations comprising at least one aryl alkylsulfonate of the formula R1—SO2—O—R2 and at least one diol dibenzoate of the general formula R3C(O)O—Y—O(O)CR4 and/or at least one dibenzyl dicarboxylate of the general formula R3CH2O(O)C-Z-C(O)OCH2R4, and also to its use as plasticizer in plastics, and to plastics which comprise these plasticizer preparations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the manufacture of polyethylene based wall articles with improved color and processing conditions, which can be surprisingly reached by the use of a specific combination of stabilizers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microemulsions of immiscible fluids stabilized by reactive ionic liquid surfactant wherein the ionic liquid surfactant has a melting point less than 80° C. The invention also relates to composite materials comprising a copolymer of ethylenically reactive species, wherein one of the species is a reactive ionic liquid surfactant having a melting point less than 80° C., and wherein the material also comprises non-reactive Class I fluid. The invention further relates to methods for synthesizing the composite materials comprising preparing a microemulsion of immiscible Class I fluid and Class II fluid stabilized by reactive ionic liquid surfactant wherein the ionic liquid surfactant has a melting point less than 80° C., and polymerizing the microemulsion to form a composite material.

Abstract: An aldehyde-inhibiting composition inhibiting an aldehyde from an aldehyde-generating source comprises a carboxylic acid hydrazide and a metal salt of a hydroxy polycarboxylic acid (e.g., a salt of citric acid, malic acid, or tartaric acid with an alkaline earth metal) in a proportion of 0.01 to 100 parts by weight relative to 1 part by weight of the carboxylic acid hydrazide. Moreover, a polyacetal resin composition may comprise a polyacetal resin and the aldehyde-inhibiting composition in a proportion of 0.001 to 20 parts by weight of the aldehyde-inhibiting composition relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyacetal resin. To the resin composition, may be added an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a processing stabilizer, a weather (light)-resistant stabilizer, an impact resistance improver, a gloss control agent, a sliding improver, a coloring agent, a filler, and others.

Abstract: Accelerator composition for a rubber latex derived from a conjugated diene and optionally a vinyl aromatic comonomer comprising: (i) a diethyl dithiocarbamate (like e.g. ZDEC), and (ii) diphenylguanidine (DPG), and substantially free of any thiazole derivative, a curable aqueous synthetic rubber latex composition comprising said accelerator composition, and a process for the water-based solvent-free manufacture of synthetic shaped synthetic elastomeric articles, prepared by using said accelerator composition.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to a process for making elastomeric rubber articles, and in particular, the process of producing such articles from non-Hevea brazilensis rubber sources, such as Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) natural rubber that exhibits physical strength properties similar to or superior to that of Hevea brazilensis natural rubber latex. In one embodiment, the process comprises an accelerator composition at the pre-cure stage comprised of variable combinations of a dithiocarbamate, a thiazole, a guanidine, a thiuram, or a sulfenamide. The accelerator composition may be comprised of, but is not limited to, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC), t-butyl benzothiazosulfenamide (TBBS) and diphenyl guanidine (DPG); an accelerator composition comprised of zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC), n-cyclohexyl benzothiazosulfenamide (CBTS) and diphenyl guanidine (DPG). The disclosed invention also includes the elastomeric articles made by the disclosed process.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for preparing a precomposite based on nanotubes, comprising bringing said nanotubes into contact with at least one given plasticizing agent. It also relates to a precomposite thus obtained, and to its use for conferring at least one electrical, mechanical and/or thermal property on a polymer material. It also relates to the use of a given plasticizer for improving the dispersion and/or mechanical properties and/or electrical conductivity and/or thermal conductivity of nanotubes in a polymer matrix.

Abstract: Accelerator composition for a rubber latex derived from a conjugated diene and optionally a vinyl aromatic comonomer comprising: (i) a diisopropyl xanthogen polysulphide (DIXP), (ii) an alkyldithiocarbamate wherein the alkyl chain contains from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and (iii) diphenylguanidine (DPG), a curable aqueous synthetic rubber latex composition comprising said accelerator composition, a process for the water-based solvent-free manufacture of synthetic shaped synthetic elastomeric articles, prepared by using said accelerator composition.