Abstract: In some embodiments, a method relates to removal of optical brightening agents (OBA) from a substrate using peracetate oxidant solutions. A method may include reducing the microbial load in white water of water recycle loops. The methods may include providing a peracetate oxidant solution. The peracetate solution may include peracetate anions and a peracid. In some embodiments, the peracetate solution may include a pH from about pH 10 to about pH 12. In some embodiments, the peracetate solution has a molar ratio of peracetate anions to peracid ranging from about 60:1 to about 6000:1. In some embodiments, the peracetate solution has a molar ratio of peracetate to hydrogen peroxide of greater than about 16:1. The peracetate solution may provide bleaching, sanitizing and/or disinfection of water, pulp, substrates and/or surfaces. The peracetate oxidant solution may provide enhanced separation of dyeing agents from a substrate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method making a pneumatic tire, comprising the steps of: mixing a sealant composition comprising an elastomer, a filler, a diluent, a quinoid curing agent, an oxidant co-curative; and a cure modifier of formula 1: wherein R1 and R2 are independently H or C1 to C4 alkyl, or R1 and R2 taken together form a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group; R3 and R4 are independently H, —NH2, C1 to C4 alkyl, or —OR5 where R5 is C1 to C4 alkyl, with the proviso that when R1 and R2 are taken together to form a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, R5 is C1 to C3 alkyl; applying the sealant composition to an inner surface of a cured tire; and curing the sealant composition.

Abstract: A system for converting fuel is provided and includes a first reactor comprising a plurality of ceramic composite particles, the ceramic composite particles comprising at least one metal oxide disposed on a support, wherein the first reactor is configured to reduce the at least one metal oxide with a fuel to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide; a second reactor configured to oxidize at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the said first reactor to produce a metal oxide intermediate; a source of air; and a third reactor communicating with said source of air and configured to regenerate the at least one metal oxide from the remaining portion of the solids discharged from the said first reactor and the solids discharged from the said second reactor by oxidizing the metal oxide intermediate.

Abstract: Packaged formulation comprising a compound liable to exothermic decomposition and optionally one or more organic diluents, said formulation being packaged in a container with a volume of at least 250 liter provided with a vent to release gases and made from a thermoplastic material having a Vicat B softening temperature not higher than (a) the run-away temperature of the compound liable to exothermic decomposition if the formulation does not contain any diluent, or (b) the boiling temperature of at least 50 wt % of the total weight of diluent if the formulation does contain organic diluent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a composite material for positive electrodes of lithium batteries which is particularly excellent in high-rate discharge characteristics. The method for producing a composite material for positive electrodes of lithium batteries, contains: a dispersing step of dispersing at least the positive electrode active material and the conductive material 1 in a solvent to be in a forcibly dispersed state; and a composite particle-forming step of obtaining composite particles containing the positive electrode active material and the conductive material 1 by a process for agglutinating the conductive material 1 together with the positive electrode active material in the solvent or by a process for removing the solvent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery, which is particularly excellent in high-rate discharge characteristics in a battery, and also provides a slurry, positive electrode and battery using the composite positive electrode material. The composite positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery contains: a positive electrode active material (a); a conductive material (b) having a primary particle diameter of 10 to 100 nm and/or a fibrous conductive material (c) having a fiber diameter of 1 nm to 1 ?m; and a conductive material (d) having an aspect ratio of 2 to 50.

Abstract: Sodium percarbonate particles with a coating layer comprising sodium sulfate in the form of a high-temperature phase of sodium sulfate and/or of a high-temperature phase of a double salt of composition Na4(SO4)1+n(CO3)1?n where n is from 0 to 0.5 have an improved storage stability in detergent and cleaning composition formulations as compared with sodium percarbonate particles which comprise sodium sulfate in the coating layer only in the form of sodium sulfate (V) or burkeite.

Abstract: A compression molded product of effervescent chlorinated isocyanuric acid, comprising (a) chlorinated isocyanuric acid, (b) organic acid, (c) carbonate salt and (d) sodium sulfate.

Abstract: A reactor for an in-situ production of a chemical product in high yield are presented. The reactor, which may be placed in a main solvent, includes a core and a reactor wall around the core. The reactor wall allows controlled permeation of the main solvent to the core. The core contains a reactant that reacts to produce a target product upon being contacted by a main solvent. The target product leaves the reactor at a controlled rate. Because the amount of the main solvent that permeates into the reactor is controlled, a high concentration of the reactant is maintained inside the reactor, resulting in a higher yield of the desired chemical product than if the reactants were directly added to the body of main solvent.

Abstract: This invention is directed to fabric finishes or treatment preparations for nylon, polyester, and other textile and fibrous substrate materials that will render them hydrophilic. The finishes of the invention are comprised primarily of polymers that contain carboxyl groups, salts of carboxyl groups, or moieties that can be converted to carboxyl groups by some chemical reaction.

Abstract: The main purpose of the present invention is to provide solid-chemical compositions and methods and means for their use which specifically: (1) provide for a sustained release of active oxygen and complex inorganic phosphates; and (2) create, enhance, and maintain oxidizing and aerobic conditions which favor non-exothermic, chemical-oxidation processes and aerobic bioremediation and fungal bioremediation processes. The present invention discloses advanced solid-chemical compositions and methods for the non-exothermic chemical oxidation and aerobic and fungal biodegradation of organic compounds and certain inorganic contaminants which may be present in solid and liquid wastes, sludges, leachates, acid-mine drainages, waste waters, soils, sediments, ground waters, surface waters, and other environmental media.

Abstract: A compression molded product of quick-dissolving chlorinated isocyanuric acid, comprising: (a) trichloroisocyanuric acid, (b) sodium dichloroisocyanurate anhydrous salt, (c) magnesium sulfate and/or aluminum sulfate, and (d) calcium carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention provides supported peroxides, and a method of forming supported peroxides. Supported peroxides according to the invention are solid particles that include an organic peroxide and a metallic soap. In accordance with the method of the invention, supported peroxides are preferably formed by dispersing a mixture that includes at least one peroxide and at least one C4 to C30 carboxylic acid into an aqueous solution that includes a compound that is capable of reacting with the C4 to C30 carboxylic acid to form a water soluble soap. Dispersing the mixture into the aqueous solution results in the formation of an emulsion. A polyvalent metal compound that is capable of reacting with the water soluble soap to form a water insoluble metallic soap is then added to the emulsion, which converts the water soluble soap into a water insoluble metallic soap that precipitates from the solution. The organic peroxide is entrained within the precipitate.

Abstract: The present invention provides supported peroxides, and a method of forming supported peroxides. Supported peroxides according to the invention are solid particles that include an organic peroxide, a metallic soap, and a polymer. In accordance with the method of the invention, supported peroxides are preferably formed by dispersing a mixture that includes at least one peroxide and at least one C4 to C30 carboxylic acid into an aqueous solution that includes a compound that is capable of reacting with the C4 to C30 carboxylic acid to form a water soluble soap. Dispersing the mixture into the aqueous solution results in the formation of an emulsion. Polymer is then added to the emulsion, and forms a polymer suspension. A polyvalent metal compound that is capable of reacting with the water soluble soap to form a water insoluble metallic soap is then added to the polymer suspension, which converts the water soluble soap into a water insoluble metallic soap that precipitates from the suspension.

Abstract: A compression molded product of quick-dissolving chlorinated isocyanuric acid, comprising:

Abstract: The present invention provides supported peroxides, and a method of forming supported peroxides. Supported peroxides according to the invention are solid particles that include an organic peroxide and a metallic soap. In accordance with the method of the invention, supported peroxides are preferably formed by dispersing a mixture that includes at least one peroxide and at least one C4 to C30 carboxylic acid into an aqueous solution that includes a compound that is capable of reacting with the C4 to C30 carboxylic acid to form a water soluble soap. Dispersing the mixture into the aqueous solution results in the formation of an emulsion. A polyvalent metal compound that is capable of reacting with the water soluble soap to form a water insoluble metallic soap is then added to the emulsion, which converts the water soluble soap into a water insoluble metallic soap that precipitates from the solution. The organic peroxide is entrained within the precipitate.

Abstract: Aqueous bleach solutions can be made by directing a spray of water onto a bulk or shaped solid (brick, tablet, block, etc.) comprising a continuous solid phase of an encapsulated source of an active halogen bleach or a solid comprising a source of an oxidizing active halogen bleach, and an encapsulated oxidizing halogen bleach source. Such shaped solids can be used to dispense uniform quantities of an aqueous bleach concentrate to bleaching locus such as a washing machine. The tablets can be made from the encapsulated bleach or from a powder mixture of a particulate, granulated or powdered unencapsulated source of active oxidizing bleach and an encapsulated source of active oxidizing bleach by forming the powder mixture into a desired shape. Such a shaped solid bleach can be packaged in a container and can then be contacted with an aqueous spray in a dispenser to create a solution of active bleach for cleaning bleaching processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to novel water treatment compositions and methods of preparation and use. More particularly, the invention relates to solid water treatment compositions containing at least one halogen source and at least one amine compound. Methods of preparing solid water treatment compositions and methods for controlling biofouling, disinfecting, cleaning and water systems are also provided.

Abstract: A gas generating composition comprising ammonium nitrate and a non-toxic metal oxide which reduces the pressure exponent and enables the composition to sustain combustion at or near atmospheric pressure, thereby improving combustion efficiency. The composition is useful for various purposes, such as inflating a vehicle occupant restraint, i.e., an air bag for an automotive vehicle or aircraft, as well as aircraft escape chutes or the like.

Abstract: A spontaneous firing explosive composition for use in a gas generator for an airbag containing a fuel, an oxidizer, a combustion modifier, and a binder.