Abstract: Applicant's present invention is a composite scintillator having enhanced transparency for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a material having optical transparency wherein said material comprises nano-sized objects having a size in at least one dimension that is less than the wavelength of light emitted by the composite scintillator wherein the composite scintillator is designed to have selected properties suitable for a particular application.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives and of their salts as scintillation agents and more specifically as agents for discriminating between fast neutrons and gamma rays. It also relates to liquid scintillators comprising these scintillation agents in solution in a solvent and to novel 1,8-naphthalimide derivates of use as scintillation agents, in particular for discriminating between fast neutrons and gamma rays. Applications: all the fields of use of scintillators and in particular industry, geophysics, fundamental physics, in particular nuclear physics, the safety of goods and people, protection from radiation of workers in the industrial, nuclear and medical sectors, medical imaging, and the like.

Abstract: A device for collection of radionuclides includes a mixture of a polymer, a fluorescent organic scintillator and a chemical extractant. A radionuclide detector system includes a collection device comprising a mixture of a polymer, a fluorescent agent and a selective ligand. The system includes at least one photomultiplier tube (PMT). A method of detecting radionuclides includes providing a collector device comprising a mixture comprising a polymer, a fluorescent organic scintillator and a chemical extractant. An aqueous environment is exposed to the device and radionuclides are collected from the environment. Radionuclides can be concentrated within the device.

Abstract: Compositions are provided, comprising a host and a dopant, wherein the weight:weight ratio of host:dopant is about 10:1 to about 40:1, and a solvent, and methods for making the same, as well as devices and sub-assemblies including the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic radioactivity analyzer of mixed liquid beta emitter which comprises: a sample preparation part (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7) for extracting a liquid sample from liquid-phase radioactive nuclear wastes; a sample injection part (9 and 10), including a sample transportation part for transporting a bottled sample to a radioactivity detection part to perform measurement; the radioactivity detection part (11) including two photon multiplier tubes; an exterior gamma-ray source injection part (12) for compensating for measurement efficiency according to quenching effects; a signal processing part (13), including a pre-amplifier circuit (14), a high-voltage generator circuit (15), an analogue-to-digital converter circuit (21), and a digital signal processor (DSP) (24), for generating beta spectrums by the aid of a fast coincidence counter (20) and a multi-channel analyzer (22); a main control PC (25) and a graphic user interface (GUI) program (29) for remotely automatically me

Abstract: A scintillating composition for detecting neutrons and other radiation comprises a phenyl containing silicone rubber with carborane units and at least one phosphor molecule. The carborane units can either be a carborane molecule dispersed in the rubber with the aid of a compatiblization agent or can be covalently bound to the silicone.

Abstract: A scintillating composition for detecting neutrons and other radiation comprises a phenyl containing silicone rubber with carborane units and at least one phosphor molecule. The carborane units can either be a carborane molecule dispersed in the rubber with the aid of a compatiblization agent or can be covalently bound to the silicone.

Abstract: A sintered, annealed scintillator composition, which, prior to annealing, has a formula of A3B2C3O12, where A is at least one member of the group consisting of Tb, Ce, and Lu, or combinations thereof, B is an octahedral site (Al), and C is a tetrahedral site (also Al). One or more substitutions are included. The substitutions may may be partial or, in some cases, complete, and can include Al with Sc at B, up to two atoms of oxygen with fluorine and the same number of Ca atoms at A, replacement at B with Mg and the same number of atoms of oxygen with fluorine, replacement at B with a combination of Mg/Si Mg/Zr, Mg/Ti, and/or Mg/Hf, replacement at B with a combination of Li/Nb and/or Li/Ta, and at A with Ca and replacement of an equal number of B or C with silicon.

Abstract: An improved nanophosphor scintillator liquid comprises nanophosphor particles in a liquid matrix. The nanophosphor particles are optionally surface modified with an organic ligand. The surface modified nanophosphor particle is essentially surface charge neutral, thereby preventing agglomeration of the nanophosphor particles during dispersion in a liquid scintillator matrix. The improved nanophosphor scintillator liquid may be used in any conventional liquid scintillator application, including in a radiation detector.

Abstract: A cocktail composition for liquid scintillation measurements, formed by a solution of a) two solvents, one aromatic and the other one polar, b) one additive enhancing the luminous efficiency, c) two scintillators, one primary and the other one secondary, d) one extracting agent, and e) at least one anionic or non-ionic surfactant. Without prior sample or vial treatments, this cocktail allows direct incorporation of a great number of radionuclides, at least 17, in an hydrochloric or nitric aqueous solution, providing stable samples for a period of several weeks.

Abstract: A molecular electric wire that is formed of an environmentally benign ecological material and enables a microscopic wiring, a molecular electric wire circuit using the molecular electric wire, and the like are provided. The molecular electric wire comprises a rod-shaped organic molecule and an electroconductive material, the electroconductive material being carried by the rod-shaped organic molecule, and the molecular electric wire circuit is formed by using the molecular electric wire.

Abstract: A single crystal scintillator with perovskite structure is described. The crystal is formed by crystallisation from the liquid and has the composition CexLu(1-x-z)AzAl(1-y)ByO3 where A is one or more of the elements selected from the group comprising Y, Sc, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, In, and Ga; and B is one or more of the following elements selected from the group comprising: Sc and Ga. The crystal scintillator exhibits a high density and a good scintillation response to gamma radiation.

Abstract: An optically nonisotropic composite material. The composite material includes two materials, a transparent bulk optical material and radiation absorbing or reflecting fibers embedded within the bulk material. The fibers are substantially parallel to one another and tend to channel the radiation along the direction of the fibers. The bulk material may be a scintillator, in which case the fibers will tend to channel scintillating radiation along the direction of the fibers. The composite material may be used in a high spatial resolution x-ray device, such as a CT scanner. The composite material may also be used in an electromagnetic radiation detection device. Advantageously, the fibers tend to channel radiation along the fibers towards photodetector cells of the radiation detection device thereby increasing spatial resolution.

Abstract: The present invention provides scintillation material having good stability at continuous operating temperatures of at least 175° C. The scintillation material includes a cross linked copolymer with improved aromatic character that form a host plastic having properties of a thermoset polymer. The host plastic contains a primary fluorescent agent and a wavelength shifter. Preferably, the copolymer is comprised of a styrene derivative such as, for example, p-t-butylstyrene, and a higher melting point compound such as, for example, 4-vinylbiphenyl. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the scintillation material possesses properties of: good mechanical properties at high temperature (e.g., a Tg of about 180° C.); excellent light output (e.g., energy transfer efficiency); high hydrogen content for fast neutron detection; good optical transparency; and stable operation at temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nanoscintillation systems, or nanoparticles containing fluor molecules, that can be used to detect an electron-emitting or alpha-particle-emitting radioisotope in the absence of organic-solvents commonly used in organic-based liquid scintillation cocktails. The invention also relates to compositions and use of three oil-in-water microemulsion precursors that can be engineered rapidly, reproducibly, and cost-effectively to produce useful nanoparticles less than 100 nanometers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of nanoscintillation systems, or nanoparticles containing fluor molecules, that can be used to detect an electron-emitting or alpha-particle-emitting radioisotope in the absence of organic-solvents commonly used in organic-based liquid scintillation cocktails. The invention also relates to compositions and use of three oil-in-water microemulsion precursors that can be engineered rapidly, reproducibly, and cost-effectively to produce useful nanoparticles less than 100 nanometers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a radiation detection device for detecting ionizing beam discharges such as gamma rays, x-rays, electron beams, charged particle beams and neutral particle beams. Specifically, it relates to a radiation detection device which can measure radiations which exist for a very short time (of the order of subnanoseconds or less) from the appearance of photoemission to extinction.

Abstract: The present invention provides scintillation material having good stability at continuous operating temperatures of at least 175° C. The scintillation material includes a cross linked copolymer with improved aromatic character that form a host plastic having properties of a thermoset polymer. The host plastic contains a primary fluorescent agent and a wavelength shifter. Preferably, the copolymer is comprised of a styrene derivative such as, for example, p-t-butylstyrene, and a higher melting point compound such as, for example, 4-vinylbiphenyl. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the scintillation material possesses properties of: good mechanical properties at high temperature (e.g., a Tg of about 180° C.); excellent light output (e.g., energy transfer efficiency); high hydrogen content for fast neutron detection; good optical transparency; and stable operation at temperature.

Abstract: The use of semiconductor nanocrystals as detectable labels in various chemical and biological applications is disclosed. The methods find use for detecting a single analyte, as well as multiple analytes by using more than one semiconductor nanocrystal as a detectable label, each of which emits at a distinct wavelength.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.

Abstract: Scintillator compositions useful for the detection of high-energy radiation, such as X, &bgr;, or &ggr; radiation, contain alkali and rare earth pyrotungstates. In particular, the pyrotungstate is a double tungstate containing an oxide of an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Rb, and Cs and an oxide of a rare-earth element selected from the group consisting of Y, Gd, La, and Lu. The scintillators are characterized by high light output, reduced afterglow, short decay time, and high X-ray stopping power.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition of matter comprising a tributyl phosphate complex of a group 3, lanthanide, actinide, or group 13 salt in an organic carrier and a method of making the complex. These materials are suitable for use in solid or liquid organic scintillators, as in x-ray absorption standards, x-ray fluorescence standards, and neutron detector calibration standards.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for using a maleimide of formula (I) with the proviso that R1 and R2 do not simultaneously stand for phenyl or a maleimide of formula Ia as UV fluorescent material for void detection and for the preparation of scintillators films, luminescent solar energy collectors, organic electroluminescent devices, printing inks, non-impact printing inks, electrophotographic toners, color filters, and colored high molecular organic material.

Abstract: Simultaneous measurement of neutron flux and temperature is provided by a single sensor which includes a phosphor mixture having two principal constituents. The first constituent is a neutron sensitive Li6F and the second is a rare-earth activated Y2O3 thermophosphor. The mixture is coated on the end of a fiber optic, while the opposite end of the fiber optic is coupled to a light detector. The detected light scintillations are quantified for neutron flux determination, and the decay is measured for temperature determination.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device material is described, comprising at least one compound represented by formula (I) or a precursor thereof: wherein R1 to R7 each independently represents hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a formyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heterocyclic, primary, secondary or tertiary amino, imino, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, carbonamido, sulfonamido, carbamoyl, sulfamoyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, urethane, ureido or carboxylic acid ester group, two or more groups selected from R1 to R7 may combine with each other to form an aliphatic carbon ring, an aromatic carbon ring, a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring and R4 may further represent R8 and R9 each represents hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, R8 and R9 may combine with each oth

Abstract: A brightly colored composition that me be quickly applied to a person's skin to increase their visibility while exercising or travelling by foot, bicycle, or the like. The composition includes a base carrier medium such as a lotion, cream, gel or the like having a coloring agent dissolved or otherwise dispersed therein. The composition also includes an antiperspriant to minimize degradation due to excessive sweating while exercising.

Abstract: A 1,7-disubstituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide of the general formula VI: Compositions or products comprising the compound of formula VI. Compositions comprising 1,7-diaroxy- or 1,7-diarylthio-substituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydrides (I) or 1,7-diaroxy- or 1,7-diarylthio-substituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acids (Ia).

Abstract: The invention is related to nuclear physics, medicine and oil industry, namely to the measurement of x-ray, gamma and alpha radiation; control for trans uranium nuclides in the habitat of a man; non destructive control for the structure of heavy bodies; three dimensional positron-electron computer tomography, etc. The essence of the invention is in additional ingredients in a chemical composition of a scintillating material based on crystals of oxyorthosilicates, including cerium Ce and crystallized in a structural type Lu2SiO5.

Abstract: Compositions capable of simultaneous two-photon absorption and higher order absorptivities are disclosed. Many of these compositions are compounds satisfying the formulae D-Π-D, A-Π-A, D-A-D and A-D-A, wherein D is an electron donor group, A is an electron acceptor group and Π comprises a bridge of &pgr;-conjugated bonds connecting the electron donor groups and electron acceptor groups. In A-D-A and D-A-D compounds, the &pgr; bridge is substituted with electron donor groups and electron acceptor groups, respectively. Also disclosed are methods that generate an electronically excited state of a compound, including those satisfying one of these formulae. The electronically excited state is achieved in a method that includes irradiating the compound with light. Then, the compound is converted to a multi-photon electronically excited state upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of light.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal compound is described which is capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. The compound comprises (1) one or more semiconductor nanocrystals capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy, and (2) one or more linking agents, having a first portion linked to the one or more semiconductor nanocrystals and a second portion capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. One or more of these semiconductor nanocrystal compounds are linked to one or more affinity molecules to form a semiconductor nanocrystal probe capable of bonding with one or more detectable substances in a material being analyzed, and capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy.