Abstract: Aqueous alkyl ketene dimer dispersions which comprise at least 15% by weight of an alkyl ketene dimer and at least one water-soluble cationic starch, aluminum sulfate and at least one condensate of naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde or lignin sulfonic acid or in each case salts thereof, the dispersions comprising, based in each case on alkyl ketene dimer, from 2 to 50% by weight of aluminum sulfate, and in which the dispersions additionally comprise from 0.1 to 5% by weight of a saturated carboxylic acid having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and/or a mineral acid at an aluminum sulfate content of from 2 to 15% by weight, and the use of the dispersions as engine size and surface size for paper and paper products.

Abstract: A composition comprising a particulate Solid, an organic medium and a compound with an alkyleneoxy compound with an inorganic acidic polar head group (Z), wherein the compound is defined by Formula (1) and salts thereof: U—(Y)x-T-N(G)r(B-Z)q (Formula 1) wherein U is independently R?—N—(C)-T?-O—, or R—O—; R or R? may be the same or different and are independently H or C1-50-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, or hydrocarbonyl group (acyl group), or the residue of an epoxide, or the residue of an optionally substituted (meth) acrylic ester or amide group; Y is C2-4-alkyleneoxy; T or T? is independently C2-4 alkylene; B is an alkylene group, such as, methylene; Z is an inorganic acidic polar head group, such as, a sulphur or phosphorus acidic polar head group; G and G? may be the same or different and are independently H or C1-50-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl or C1-50-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbonyl group or the residue of an epoxide, or the residue of an optionally substituted (meth) ac

Abstract: A high energy, e.g., ultraviolet (UV) catalyzed decomposing foam encapsulating kinetic media forms a payload to be boosted in space and provides an ultra-light weight means for intercepting an incoming missile or other target. The decomposed foam releases the kinetic media (at designed rates so as to preserve a required density of media on target) to intercept a target and destroy it. The use of the decomposing foam significantly lowers the weight and cost and improves the probability of success of destroying the target.

Abstract: Preparation of dispersions of zero-valance nanoscale iron particles and one of soy protein, soy milk, or other soy derivative. The dispersions can be used to treat contaminated soil or water.

Abstract: It is the object of the present invention to provide: a liquid crystal spacer that can precisely control the interval of two substrates in producing a liquid crystal display apparatus, and can be firmly fixed to the surface of the substrate; a spacer dispersion that can precisely control the interval of two substrates in manufacturing a liquid crystal display apparatus, and can make spacer particles firmly fixed to the surface of a substrate and a spacer dispersion that can precisely dispose spacer particles at a predetermined position on a substrate, a method for producing a liquid crystal display apparatus; and a liquid crystal display apparatus. The invention is a liquid crystal spacer, which comprises a base particle and an adhesive layer provided on the surface of the base particle, the apparent center of the adhesive layer being not identical to the apparent center of the base particle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cyclic dispersant having a rigid block which has a high affinity for carbon nanotubes, and a flexible block which has a high affinity for a solvent, with a linkage created therebetween. Having a structure that is advantageous with respect to adsorption to carbon nanotubes, the dispersant, even if used in a small amount, can disperse a large amount of carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A method to form a high strength moulded product is provided. The method begins by preparing a mouldable composition. The mouldable composition comprises between about 40 to 60 wt % of a fibre mixture and between about 15 to 45 wt % of an adhesive. A mould cavity is loaded with the mouldable composition up to about 90 % of the capacity of the mould cavity before applying a packing pressure of between about 435 to 870 psi to the mouldable composition. A predetermined clearance of between about 0.1 to 0.5 mm is maintained between a first mould part defining the mould cavity and a second mould part. The moulded product is removed from the mould cavity when the mouldable composition is substantially cured.

Abstract: Methods of making hydrophobic, pyrogenically produced silica having a tamped density, of 55 to 200 g/l. Said silica is produced by hydrophobizing pyrogenically produced silica by reaction with a halogen free silane and then compacting it with means consisting of a roller compactor or a belt filter press. The silica may be used for the production of dispersions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of nanoscale particulate material is described comprising: (i) combining one or more functional material to be precipitated as nanoscale particles and one or more surface active material in a compressed CO2 phase with a density of at least 0.1 g/cc, where the functional material is substantially insoluble in the compressed CO2 in the absence of the surfactant, the surfactant comprises a compressed CO2-philic portion and a functional material-philic portion, and the compressed CO2 phase, functional material and surfactant interact to form an aggregated system having a continuous compressed CO2 phase and a plurality of aggregates comprising surfactant and functional material molecules of average diameter less than 10 nanometers dispersed therein; and (ii) rapidly depressurizing the compressed CO2 phase thereby precipitating the dispersed functional and surfactant materials in the form of composite particles of average diameter from 0.5 to less than 10 nanometers.

Abstract: Agglomerated nanoparticles including Ti/Sb mixed oxide nanoparticles having a rutile-like crystalline phase content of at least 20 weight percent, wherein the nanoparticles have at least one organic moiety bound to the nanoparticle surface, and wherein the weight ratio of antimony to titanium in the Ti/Sb mixed oxide nanoparticles is in a range of from at least 0.42 up to and including 2.93. The agglomerated nanoparticles are redispersible into a liguid vehicle.

Abstract: A method of using a water-based boron-containing suspension as a source of boron additive is disclosed. The method includes adding the suspension into a mixing or reaction zone during the preparation of starch-based adhesives. The suspension includes a boron compound and at least one suspension aid.

Abstract: Golf ball compositions including novel processing aids, e.g., metal salts of unsaturated fatty acids, high styrene resins, transpolyisoprene, and transpolybutadiene, for inclusion in rubber-based compositions that reduce safety risks, mixer down time, increase dispersion of the ingredients during processing, and increase component COR over that of a component formed with a conventional processing aid.

Abstract: A highly stabilized colloidal system is disclosed comprising (a) 30 to 45 volume percent of a liquid phase comprising C15–C20 saturated hydrocarbons, C18–C25 unsaturated hydrocarbons and paraffinic mineral oil; and (b) 55 to 70 volume percent of a solid phase comprising a carbon fraction, a thickener, calcium carbonate and alumina. The highly stabilized colloidal system is used for improving the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of building materials.

Abstract: In this application is disclosed a resin additive composition which can by produced by precipitating a calix(n+m+l)arene represented by the following general formula (2) and in a dissolved state together with or at the same time at least one functional ingredient selected from the group consisting of various water-soluble or hydrophilic resin flam-retardants, resin thermal stabilizers and resin curing agents, and in a dissolved or suspended state. This resin additive composition has a good affinity for organic polymers such as polyolefin and the like, which allows the functional ingredient(s) to be dispersed homogeneously in the resin. Therefore are provided high-performance resin compositions comprising various functional ingredient(s).

Abstract: A waxy solid having ultrafine particles homogeneously distributed in a mixture of vegetable oil and waxy solid, the oil being present in a major proportion by weight, forms a homogeneous colloidal solution which is then cooled and subjected to high shear to form ultrafine particles of the waxy solid, in situ, in a size range from about 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m. The resulting stiff gel retains its shape and high viscosity for at least 30 days when confined in a container in an air atmosphere at 40° C. at substantially sea level. The stability of the gel is visually evidenced by a lack of syneresis. The gel is destabilized at a temperature in the range from 52° C. (125° F.) to 100° C. (212° F.).

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydroxamate composition for collection of minerals by froth flotation, the composition including an aqueous mixture of hydroxamate wherein the pH of the composition is at least 11 and a method of collecting mineral values from an aqueous ore slurry by froth flotation.

Abstract: A film-forming composition contains surface-treated nanocrystalline particles dispersed in a cross-linkable resin. A substantially transparent, abrasion-resistant film is formed from the film-forming composition. Processes for preparing the film-forming composition and for preparing a substantially transparent, abrasion-resistant film are also included. The surface-treated nanocrystalline particles may be obtained by treating nanocrystalline particles with one or more siloxane species, such as a siloxane star-graft polymer coating.

Abstract: A stable aqueous suspension of water-soluble polyacrylamide particles is in a saturated solution of an ammonium salt. The polyacrylamide particles are characterized by a particle size of about ?150 mesh, and preferably ?270 mesh, with ?400 mesh most preferred. The suspension is at least about 2.5% by weight polyacrylamide. When the ammonium salt is ammonium sulfate, PAM concentrations as high as about 15% by weight can be achieved while still being easily flowable. The suspension is made by stirring the small particle PAM into the saturated ammonium salt solution. The PAM can be quickly dissolved to form a less concentrated PAM solution by adding the suspension to water or to a dilute solution, which can include calcium salts or other soil enhancers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to economic and environment-friendly slurries and their preparation, handling, and spray drying for the production of cemented carbide based hard metals. The slurry is ethanol-water based and contains metallic and metal carbide raw materials as well as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and a very low concentration of polyethylenimine (PEI). The concentration of PEI is 0.01-<0.1% of the raw material weight. As a result, low-viscous slurries are produced which require less use of ethanol, energy, manpower and equipment time in their preparation, handling, and spray drying.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a polymeric pigment dispersant to be used as a grind resin to incorporate pigment into a pigment dispersion for a coating composition. The polymeric pigment dispersant is the reaction product of dipentaerylthritol, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, glycidylneodecanoate, dimethylethanolamine, and polyphosphoric acid. The present invention is also directed to a method of preparing the polymeric pigment dispersant. In this method, the dipentaerythritol and the hexahydrophthalic anhydride are polymerized to form an intermediate compound. Next, an epoxy group of the glycidylneodecanoate reacts with the intermediate compound, and then the dimethylethanolamine salts the intermediate compound. Finally, the polyphosphoric acid is added to form the completed polymeric pigment dispersant. The polymeric pigment dispersant has improved stability in the pigment dispersion and is utilized for efficient wetting and grinding of the pigment in the pigment dispersion.

Abstract: There is provided a leuco dye dispersion liquid for a thermosensitive recording material wherein the leuco dye is being dispersed with an anionic surfactant and an nonionic surfactant, while average particle diameter of the leuco dye ranges from 0.10 ?m to 0.30 ?m and content of particles less than or equal to 0.07 ?m in diameter of the dye is not greater than 1.0%. The leuco dye dispersion liquid shows no fogging, and can cause a high optical density of image on thermosensitive member with excellent brightness in background area, and a high durability for storage at elevated temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing metal oxides or metal aquoxides, especially alumina hydrates which can be dispersed in organic solvents, and to sulfonic acid-modified metal oxides or metal aquoxides that can be prepared by this process.

Abstract: An organic sol is disclosed comprising titanium oxide particles; an organic liquid phase and at least am amphiphilic compound selected among polyethylene phosphate alkyl ethers. In a first embodiment, the method for preparing said sol mixes said amphiphilic compound and the organic liquid phase, and disperses the titanium oxide particles in the resulting mixture. In a second embodiment, the method forms a mixture of titanium oxide and at least said amphiphilic compound, then disperses said mixture in said liquid phase. A solid compound comprising a mixture of titanium oxide particles and at least an amphiphilic compound selected among these mentioned above is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dispersant that can be used to prevent compressors fouling. The dispersant is particularly useful in applications such as the prevention of fouling of compressor blades in compressors used for ethylene production. The dispersant is an admixture of the reaction product of a polyalkyl polyamine, an alkylphenol, and an aldehyde; and a polyalkyl acrylate polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel spray drying process for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions containing small particles of phospholipid-stabilized fenofibrate. This invention also relates to spray dried powdered compositions prepared according to this process, and to dosage forms of fenofibrate (capsules, tablets, powders, granules, and dispersions) prepared from these powdered compositions. The powdered compositions and dosage forms are useful in the treatment of dyslipidemia and dyslipoproteinemia and have the advantage that they provide reduced in vivo variability in the bioavailability of fenofibrate active species among fed and fasted patients when administered orally.

Abstract: A method of producing an aqueous solution of water-soluble polyacrylamide (PAM) with a concentration of at least about 5 grams per liter includes the steps of providing a monovalent or divalent cation salt solution, and preferably a calcium salt solution, and adding water-soluble PAM particles to the salt solution such that the PAM particles are essentially all dissolved within about 10 seconds. The PAM particles are characterized by a particle size that is about −100 mesh and consisting essentially of molecules having a molecular weight of at least about 15 million a.u. Preferably, the small PAM particles are produced by a mill that produces bulk quantities of small dry, flowable PAM particles from larger commercial grade particles. Small PAM particles produced in such a mill are essentially all soluble in plain water within about 10 seconds. After solution, the polymer concentrate can be diluted with water to make stock solutions of the polymer for some purposes.

Abstract: There are provided a pigment-containing coloring material stably dispersible in a high concentration in various organic solvents, and a process for producing the same. The production process of the coloring material is characterized by comprising the steps of: providing a solution comprising (1) a soluble pigment precursor which is convertible into an insoluble pigment, (2) a solvent capable of dissolving the soluble pigment precursor therein, and (3) a stabilizing agent comprising an organic compound having a structure or a functional group capable of stabilizing the dispersibility of the insolubilized pigment in the solvent; and converting said soluble pigment precursor into an insoluble pigment to obtain the coloring material containing the insolubilized pigment dispersed stably in the solvent.

Abstract: A metallic gloss image composition including a hydromorphic solvent and a polsulfurnitride derivative dissolved in the hydromorphic solvent. The polysulfurnitride derivative has the following formula: R1—(—S═N—)n—R2. Instead of the hydromorphic solvent, a thermoplastic renis formed by polymerization of monomers can be used to obtain the metallic gloss image composition.

Abstract: A dispersant composition for inorganic substances, used in the presence of an aqueous solvent, is characterized by containing a polymer containing polyalkylene oxide groups, anionic and cationic groups, the polyalkylene oxide group being represented by formula (I): —(R1—O)n-R2 [in formula (I), R1 represents an ethylene group or a propylene group, R2 represents an alkyl group having carbon atoms of 1 to 20, which may contain hydrogen or a substitute group, and n is an integer in the range of 1 to 300]. The anionic group is preferably selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, sulfonic acid group, phosphoric acid group, carboxylate group, sulfonate group and phosphate group. The cationic group is preferably selected from the group consisting of an amino group and an ammonium base. Thus, the dispersant composition for inorganic substances makes it possible to improve at least one of the dispersing property and dispersing stability of the inorganic substance in water.

Abstract: A ceramic slurry composition has a powdered ceramic uniformly dispersed therein without excessive damage thereto. A method for producing a ceramic green sheet using the ceramic slurry composition and a method for producing multilayer ceramic electronic devices are also disclosed. The ceramic slurry composition contains the powdered ceramic, a dispersing agent, a binder and a solvent, in which an anionic dispersing agent is used as the dispersing agent, and the content of the anionic dispersing agent is set to be such that the total acid content thereof corresponds to about 10 to 150% of the total base content of the powdered ceramic. In addition, the powdered ceramic having an average particle diameter of about 0.01 to 1 &mgr;m is used.

Abstract: Basic and acid dispersants derived from branched alkyl aliphatic acids and alcohols and one or more hydroxy carboxylic acid or lactone to give a polyoxyalkylenecarbonyl chain (POAC) having a terminal carboxylic acid group (TPOAC acid) or terminal hydroxy group (TPOAC alcohol). Preferred basic dispersants are obtained by reaching one or more TPOAC acids with a polyamine or polyimine such as polyethyleneimine and preferred anionic dispersants are prepared by forming a phosphate ester of a TPOAC alcohol.

Abstract: The invention concerns a dry emulsion characterised in that it is obtained by drying a dispersion of at least a weakly soluble edible substance also called active substance (MA) in a continuous phase comprising: at least an emulsifier (E) containing at least a partially hydrolysed vegetable protein (protein lysate) whereof the degree of hydrolysis ranges between 0 (excluded) and less than 5%; and at least a water soluble or water dispersible interstitial filler (ARI) containing at least a partially hydrolysed vegetable protein (protein lysate) whereof the degree of hydrolysis ranges between 5 and 40%. The invention also concerns a method for preparing said emulsions, comprising the following steps: (i) a first step consists in preparing a dispersion in water or in an aqueous phase comprising at least a hydrophobic active substance (MA), at least an emulsifier (E), and at least a filler (ARI); (ii) the second step consists in drying said dispersion until a dry emulsion is formed.

Abstract: A ceramic slurry composition has a powdered ceramic uniformly dispersed therein without excessive damage thereto. A method for producing a ceramic green sheet using the ceramic slurry composition and a method for producing multilayer ceramic electronic devices are also disclosed. The ceramic slurry composition contains the powdered ceramic, a dispersing agent, a binder and a solvent, in which an anionic dispersing agent is used as the dispersing agent, and the content of the anionic dispersing agent is set to be such that the total acid content thereof corresponds to about 10 to 150% of the total base content of the powdered ceramic. In addition, the powdered ceramic having an average particle diameter of about 0.01 to 1 &mgr;m is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of glycylglycine, optionally in combination with a sugar, and/or a sugar alcohol, and/or an amino acid, as a bulking agent in freeze-drying.

Abstract: A solid, water-soluble coolant system treatment tablet for addition to the overflow cannister of an engine coolant system. The tablets are pressed solid cakes including a scale and deposition preventative, a pH buffer, a chemical inhibitor, at least one corrosion preventative, and a binder. The inventive tablets include sodium tetraborate, sodium meta silicate, sodium nitrate, sodium MBT, and for diesel engine use, sodium nitrite.

Abstract: Microcapsules are prepared by a process comprising the steps of (i) spray-drying a solution or dispersion of a wall-forming material in order to obtain intermediate microcapsules and (ii) reducing the water-solubility of at least the outside of the intermediate microcapsules. Suitable wall-forming materials include proteins such as albumin and gelatin. The microcapsules have walls of 40-500 nm thick and are useful in ultrasonic imaging. The control of median size, size distribution and degree of insolubilization and cross-linking of the wall-forming material allows novel microsphere preparations to be produced.

Abstract: Nonaqueous compositions comprising at least one product of the reaction between A) a linking agent of formula I R4(Y)3  (I) Wherein each Y group is a halogen atom or one Y group is a halogen atom and two Y groups represent an epoxy oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R4 group to form an epoxy group, and R4 is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and B) a compound of formula II R3(EO)n(PO)m(BO)pX  (II) Wherein R3 is substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, organic oxy or thio group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms or a primary or secondary amino group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms; n is a number of from 0 to 50; m is a number of from 0 to 50; p is a number of from 0 to 50; and X is hydrogen, or X can be a mercapto group, an amino group, or a C1-C6 alkylamino group in place of a terminal —OH group, provided that when X is mercapto, amino or a C1-C6 alkylamino, the sum of n, m, and p must be at least 1; and the

Abstract: In this application is disclosed a resin additive composition which can by produced by precipitating a calix(n+m+l)arene represented by the following general formula (2) and in a dissolved state together with or at the same time at least one functional ingredient selected from the group consisting of various water-soluble or hydrophilic resin flam-retardants, resin thermal stabilizers and resin curing agents, and in a dissolved or suspended state.

Abstract: This invention involves dispersions comprising ionic liquids and a non-ionic surfactant, optionally further comprising a photographically useful compound such as a dye-forming coupler. Such dispersions form coatings that are relatively free of physical defects, and show reduced problems such as crystallization of components like the couplers or ion pairs.

Abstract: The invention relates to powder-coated substrates bearing on a powder-coated surface a scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant topcoat of a coating material which comprises: a) condensates based on hydrolyzable silanes containing at least one non-hydrolyzable substituent, the hydrolyzable silanes having an epoxide group on at least one non-hydrolyzable substituent; b) a curing catalyst selected from Lewis bases and alkoxides of titanium, zirconium or aluminium; c) nanoscale particulate inorganic solids having a particle size in the range from 1 to 100 nm; and d) at least one organic monomer, oligomer or polymer containing at least one epoxide group.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to Mg—Al anionic clay having 3R2 stacking. This new polytype of anionic clay has a three-layer repeat, but it has a different interlayer arrangement than the conventional 3R1 hydrotalcite. Said new polytype can be applied in all applications described before for the conventional 3R1 polytype anionic clay such as in catalyst compositions, catalyst additive compositions, catalyst supports, absorbent compositions, stabilizer compositions and in medicaments.

Abstract: The invention relates to anionically stabilized aqueous dispersions of nanoparticle zinc oxide having a mean primary particle diameter of ≦30 nm and a mean agglomerate size of ≦100 nm, wherein the surface of the zinc oxide particles at pH values of ≧7 has a negative charge and the content of nanoparticle zinc oxide in the dispersion is 0.01 to 30 wt. %, a process for their production, as well as their use as vulcanization activators for the vulcanization of latex molded articles.

Abstract: A method for making a suspension, dispersion or emulsion of non-agglomerated particles comprising forming particles in a liquid medium, wherein sonic energy is applied to the liquid medium at the point of contact of the reactants during the particle forming step to produce the suspension, dispersion or emulsion of non-agglomerated particles. The invention is also directed to a method for making a suspension of non-agglomerated pyrithione salt particles, comprising the steps of forming pyrithione salt particles in a liquid medium, wherein sonic energy is applied to the liquid medium during the forming step to produce the suspension of non-agglomerated pyrithione salt particles.

Abstract: A sorbent composition and process designed for removing oil or oily substances from the surface or upper layer of a body of a water. The sorbent composition consists of raw peanuts hulls crushed to a plurality of particles of predetermined dimensions. The composition further comprises crushed raw peanut kernels provided to create a hydrophobic/oleophilic protective film around those particles. Protective film is formed by treatment of the mixture in a rotary kiln at a predetermined temperature and a restricted air flow. An apparatus for removing oil or oily substances from a surface or upper layer of a body of a water comprises a flexible ballast feeding pipe containing the sorbent composition. The pipe is immersed on predetermined depth below an oil spill water surface area and contains a number of injection nozzles distributed along the pipe.

Abstract: Described is a composition which is suitable for removing adhering substances, such as (synthetic) resins, paint lacquers, polymer foams and mastics by means of forming a dispersion. The composition comprises at least one amphoteric compound and optionally a surfactant substance.

Abstract: A composition and method of construction and use therefor in chemical-mechanical polishing (“CMP”) of one or more substrate assemblies is described. More particularly, a polishing solution comprising etchant, abrasive particles, and surfactant and methods of mixing to form and to dispense the polishing solution are described. One or more of the etchant, abrasive particles, and/or surfactant may comprise a liquid medium. Etchant, surfactant or abrasive particles may be premixed, mixed in-situ (“point of use mixing”), or any combination thereof. The surfactant may be ionic or nonionic. In particular, a polyoxyethylene may be used, and more particularly, a polyoxyethylene ester or ether may be used.

Abstract: A zirconia sol comprising an aqueous phase having dispersed therein a plurality of single crystal zirconia particles having an average primary particle size less than about 20 nm. The zirconia sols are substantially non associated having a dispersion index ranging from about 1-3 and are highly crystalline exhibiting a crystallinity index of about 0.65 or greater. Of the crystalline phase, about 70% or greater exists in combined cubic and tetragonal crystal lattice structures without a crystal phase stabilizer. Also described is a hydrothermal method of making zirconia sols having substantially non-associated zirconia particles and composite materials made from the zirconia sols.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain natural diatomaceous earth granule compositions which can be broadcast, i. e., dry spread on the soil to deliver a pesticide or fertilizer. The granules retain their physical integrity when spread, and have the unique property to spontaneously disintegrate when irrigation water is applied or rainfall hits the particle. Upon wetting, the particle disintegrates (blooms) to cover the soil surface. This bloom can cover an area many times the original area covered by the granule. The granules have high loadings of the diatomaceous earth, i.e. from about 35 to about 95 weight percent and contain from about 5 to about 40 weight percent of a surfactant system which exhibits excellent disintegration; rewetting and binding properties. Bioactive compounds can be loaded at up to 60 weight percent of the granule. Bioactive compounds may be formulated products or technical grades and may be homogeneously distributed throughout the granule or spray impregnated onto the granule.

Abstract: A glycol dispersion of an inorganic powder is provided, which comprises glycol and an inorganic powder dispersed therein, said inorganic powder being surface-treated with a dispersant having a solubility of not less than 5 (g/100 g-water) in water of 20° C., and which contains water and/or methanol in the specific amounts. According to the present invention, it is not required to transport a slurry of water, methanol or glycol, but possible to transport in the form of powder, so that efficiency in transportation is not only enhanced, but a drastic simplification in the production steps and a cost reduction are attainable because neither a distillation apparatus for replacing a solvent such as water and methanol with glycol nor a step of wet-pulverizing is required. Moreover, a glycol dispersion of the present invention is able to reproduce the excellent shape and size of the inorganic particles before drying or in the initial state and therefore has an excellent dispersibility.

Abstract: A molybdated dispersant composition represented by the formula: (R1—NR2R3H+)m−nXn(MoHPA)m− provides good friction properties to lubricants. In the formula, R1—NR2R3 represents an amine-containing dispersant, R1 is a group providing dispersant properties to said dispersant composition, each of R2 and R3 is independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, or an additional R1 group; X is hydrogen, a monovalent metal ion, a single valence of a polyvalent metal ion, an ammonium ion, or an amine cation, m is 3 or 4, n is 0 to about 2.5 when m is 3 and 0 to about 3.5 when m is 4, and (MoHPA)m− is a molybdenum heteropolyacid anion of charge m.