Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a plasticizer for vinyl chloride-based resin superior in cold resistance and volatility resistance, and desirable in flexibility, fogging resistance, heat discoloration resistance, and weather resistance, and to also provide a vinyl chloride-based resin composition comprising the plasticizer. An ester obtained by reacting a specific carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof with a C9 saturated aliphatic alcohol at a specific proportion is superior in cold resistance and volatility resistance, and desirable in flexibility, fogging resistance, heat discoloration resistance, and weather resistance. Therefore, if becomes possible to obtain a vinyl chloride-based resin composition applicable to automobile parts, medical materials, or the like, as well as a molded article of the vinyl chloride-based resin composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stable fertilizer composition including: a sulfur-containing compound; and a reaction product of a potassium-containing compound and a humectant selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, esters of polyhydric alcohols, polyalkylene glycols, and hydroxylated carboxylic acids. One version of the fertilizer composition also includes a nitrogen-containing compound; a phosphorous-containing compound; and at least one more additional macronutrient or micronutrient. The macronutrient may be selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, and the micronutrient may be selected from the group consisting of zinc, manganese, iron, copper, calcium, magnesium, cobalt, boron, nickel, and molybdenum. The fertilizer composition may be essentially free of chelated metals and chelated metal salts. Methods of using a solution of the fertilizer composition for supplying plant nutrients to a plant are also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for withdrawing heat energy from air. The device includes a layer of a substantially hydrophobic coating on a heat exchange surface. The coating has a lower surface tension than water, to repel water and prevent the formation of water condensation on the surface. For example, the coating can be a fluoropolymer such as 1,1,2,3,3,3 hexafluoropropene.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compositions for preventing caking and crust formation in several types of manures or fertilizers in the form of granular solids. Said compositions comprise at least one phosphoric ester and at least one fatty trialkylamine of formula (III) wherein R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group containing between 6 and 24 carbon atoms, R2 represents an alkyl group containing between 1 and 5 carbon atoms, R3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group containing between 1 and 5 carbon atoms, or alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group containing between 6 and 24 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of improving flowability of adipic acid includes adding to the adipic acid at a relatively low temperature a flowability improving agent, such as an acyclic saturated monobasic acid containing 10 to 22 carbon atoms or an acyclic saturated dibasic acid containing 10 to 14 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A composition of matter containing a solution made from: from about 18 to about 70 wt % of a sugar; from about 2 to about 10 wt % of a water-soluble polysaccharide; from about 0.1 to about 1 wt % of a phosphate; from about 0.01 to about 1 wt % of a surfactant; and from about 18 wt % to remainder of water. A method for dust and sand abatement and erosion prevention by: providing the above solution, applying the solution to sand or dust particles wherein the solution binds to the particles; and allowing the solution to bind to the sand or dust particles and to dry thereby forming a hardened crust.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a production method of chemical reactive substances with stable quality by which solidification, gel formation, and the resulting blockade within material injection nozzles are prevented, and contamination of a reaction system with the gelled matter is prevented, as well as occurrence of problems on a production process due to the gelled matter is suppressed, when the chemical reactive substances are produced by injecting the liquid materials containing reactive substances having unsaturated double bonds into the reaction vessel through the material injection nozzles of the reaction vessel. The present invention is a production method of a chemical reactive substance which comprises injecting a liquid material containing a reactive substance having an unsaturated double bond into a reaction vessel through a material injection nozzle of said reaction vessel and causing a reaction at a reaction temperature of not less than 50° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-evaporating lubricant and cleaner formulation that protects all types of film by forming a slick protective coating that reduces or eliminates dirt, scratches and static charges. An embodiment of the present invention comprises an organic mixture of greater than ninety-five percent (95%) aliphatic hydrocarbons. A preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises aliphatic petroleum naphtha, aliphatic petroleum distillates and petroleum base oil.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-evaporating lubricant and cleaner formulation that protects all types of film by forming a slick protective coating that reduces or eliminates dirt, scratches and static charges. An embodiment of the present invention comprises an organic mixture of greater than ninety-five percent (95%) aliphatic hydrocarbons. A preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises aliphatic petroleum naphtha, aliphatic petroleum distillates and petroleum base oil.

Abstract: Parent disclosure, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,303,133 B1, taught a calcium hydroxide containing evaporation retardant having particles that mutually repel one another because of water-induced ionization. Calcium hydroxide makes the retardant unsuitable for treating overly alkaline agricultural soil, and to substitute plain calcium sulfate for calcium hydroxide would degrade the particle repulsion effect. Substitutable acidified gypsum is made by absorbing about 5 milliliters sulfuric acid per 300 grams calcium sulfate. Blending unemulsified detergent range alcohol in a parts by weight ratio of about one-to-ten with the acidified gypsum produces a soil treatment product for suppressing evaporation of water from treated soil without impairing water infiltration into the same soil.

Abstract: A stable free-flowing solid chelant composition is produced by the process comprising the steps of: a) adjusting the pH of an aqueous solution of the chelant to a value of from about 1.2 to about 3.0 by the addition of an inorganic acid; and b) drying the pH adjusted aqueous chelant product.

Abstract: This invention relates to ink follower for a water-base ballpoint pen with its bubbles removed, time-dependent stability, less oil separation, and greatly reduced lot-to-lot viscosity difference and associated performance difference, and a method for manufacturing the same. After addition of thickener, the follower is made depressurized preferably at 0.2 atm or lower. Simultaneous heating and stirring are preferable. When the ink follower is solely debubbled in advance, fine bubbles contained in particulate silica, clay thickener, etc. can be very highly removed even if the centrifugal debubbling is not so strong and there is no bad affection to the writing property of the pen. It is also possible that, after adding the thickener, a centrifugal force greater than or equal to 200-fold of the gravitational acceleration is applied to debubble.

Abstract: The invention pertains to enhancing the dispersion on the surface of a still or moving body of a polar liquid, such as water, of particles of a powder of the composition essentially comprising a monolayer-forming constituent, such as hexadecanol or octadecanol or a blend thereof, together with a high proportion of a soluble or sparingly soluble alkaline earth metal hydroxide, more particularly about five times the monolayer-forming constituent's weight when the hydroxide constituent is—as preferred for potable water evaporation reduction—calcium hydroxide procured as inexpensive pre-powdered agricultural hydrated lime. A melt-processing manner of producing the composition is described. When particles of the composition contact the body of water, so long as lime remains present in any floating particles, they will be individually positively charged, resulting in their repulsion from one another. This enhanced dispersal effect is due to the ionization of the calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: A substantially dust-free solid that is treated with a blend of water or other solvent and certain distillation bottoms. The distillation bottoms are at about 60.degree. C. or less and are obtained from production of an alcohol having the formula:R2--R1--OH,wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted branched, straight chain or cyclic C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 and R2 is OH or H.

Abstract: Solid materials are treated with a blend of water or solvents and distillation bottoms obtained from production of an alcohol having the formula:R2--R1--OH,wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted, branched, straight chain, or cyclic C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 and R2 is OH or H.

Abstract: A process for making a granular detergent composition comprising the steps of adding to a detergent powder particles of percarbonate having a mean particle size in the range of from 250 to 900 micrometers and a powdery flow aid containing a partially hydrated crystalline sodium aluminosilicate having a moisture content of less than 15%, preferably from 5% to 12%.

Abstract: A particulate alkaline detergent contains an alkaline agent and an alkali perborate hydrate and/or an alkali carbonate peroxohydrate as bleaching agent. As a result of coating at least the alkaline agent or the bleaching agent with an alkyl glycoside or an alkyl glycamide, the detergent has a low tendency to caking as well as excellent cleaning capacity. The alkyl glycoside is a C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -alkyl glycoside having a degree of polymerization of 1-4, and the alkyl glycamide has formula (I), wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 6-10 carbon atoms. A bleaching agent and an alkaline agent coated with the alkyl glycoside and/or the alkyl glycamide are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention discloses a non-water dilutable remedial wood preservative containing 1/2 to 10 parts copper derived from amine-inorganic copper complexes, combined with sodium borate or sodium fluoride, or a combination thereof, in a ratio of 2 to 120 parts of the sodium salt for each part of copper in the preservative. This invention also discloses the improvement in copper penetration into the wood which occurs when the amine-inorganic copper complexes are combined with sodium borate and/or sodium fluoride, and a novel method of thickening these compositions.

Abstract: A method for preparing a free flowing perfume capsule composition with enhanced performance and stability from slurries containing perfume capsules is described. A process comprising removing water from the slurry to form a wet cake, combining silicone dioxide or aluminosilicate to the wet cake to fluidize the wet cake and removing additional water from the fluidized wet cake to form free flowing perfume capsules is preferred.

Abstract: A paint peeling composition contains as effective components thereof 17 to 25 weight percent of polyvinylalcohol or 2 to 12 weight percent of an acrylic resin or polyvinyl acetate and a subsstance which when heated is in the form of minute shells enclosing a gas or vapor, the shells being thermally expandable without rupturing.

Abstract: An efficient method for extinguishing fire of various hardly extinguishable materials is proposed. The method comprises sprinkling, over the burning site of the material, a boron oxide powder having a putity relative to the content of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 of at least 90% by weight and containing water in an amount not exceeding 2% by weight, the particles of the powder having a diameter in the range from 5 .mu.m to 1000 .mu.m. The efficiency of fire extinguishment with the boron oxide powder can be further enhanced by blending the boron oxide powder with a variety of inert inorganic powders.

Abstract: A paint peeling composition containing as effective components thereof 17 to 25 weight parts of polyvinylalcohol and a substance capable of forming a group of minute bubbles. And, a paint peeling method wherein the paint peeling composition is applied to an object not to be painted and then is dried to form a coating thereon and after paint is adhered to the coating the adhered paint is exposed to a liquid prepared by water-diluting a paint re-adherence preventing composition containing as an effective component thereof polyvinylalcohol and prepared by being heated up to a predetermined temperature, thereby to peel off the adhered paint.

Abstract: A reduced pollutant-containing salt mixture and method of making same is provided wherein a salt mixture partially comprised of calcium acetate and partially comprised of at least one other pollutant salt is produced by mixing a pollutant salt-containing solution and a calcium acetate-containing solution and converting said mixture into a solid salt containing both the pollutant salt and the nonpollutant calcium acetate. A process option involves chemically reacting calcium chloride and calcium acetate in a calcium chloride-to-calcium acetate mole ratio in the range from 0 to 1 to produce a non-deliquescent salt. A further process option includes mixing either dry calcium chloride or dry sodium chloride with dry calcium acetate to obtain a reduced pollutant-containing salt mixture.

Abstract: A process of making a calcium acetate-containing solution having a pH value at room temperature between about 7 and about 8 is provided comprising reacting acetic acid with a carbonate compound, adding calcined limestone, and optionally finishing off the acid-base reaction with an amount of an alkali metal hydroxide comprising from about 2% to about 5% of the total stoichiometric complement to the amount of acetic acid. Further process options which may be used in the preparation of deicing agents include adding coarse limestone to the above-prepared calcium acetate-containing solution in amounts up to 10% by weight and converting the solution into solid flakes. The calcium acetate salt product can be mixed with an inert solid material having good anti-slip properties.

Abstract: A process of making a calcium acetate-containing solution having a pH value at room temperature between about 7 and about 8 is provided comprising reacting acetic acid with a carbonate compound, adding calcined limestone, and optionally finishing off the acid-base reaction with an amount of an alkali metal hydroxide comprising from about 2% to about 5% of the total stoichiometric complement to the amount of acetic acid. Further process options which may be used in the preparation of deicing agents include adding coarse limestone to the above-prepared calcium acetate-containing solution in amounts up to 10% by weight and converting the solution into solid flakes.

Abstract: Particulate red amorphous phosphorus is stabilized against oxidative degradation to phosphorus acids and phosphine by the use of titanium dioxide or titanium phosphate.

Abstract: The formation of carbon on metals exposed to hydrocarbons in a thermal cracking process is reduced by contacting such metals with an antifoulant selected from the group consisting of tin, a combination of tin and antimony, a combination of germanium and antimony, a combination of tin and germanium and a combination of tin, antimony and germanium.

Abstract: A process of making a calcium acetate-containing solution having a pH value at room temperature between about 7 and about 8 is provided comprising reacting acetic acid with a carbonate compound, adding calcined limestone, and optionally finishing off the acid-base reaction with an amount of an alkali metal hydroxide comprising from about 2% to about 5% of the total stoichiometric complement to the amount of acetic acid. Further process options which may be used in the preparation of deicing agents include adding coarse limestone to the above-prepared calcium acetate-containing solution in amounts up to 10% by weight and converting the solution into solid flakes.

Abstract: Particulate washing and bleaching compositions containing a peroxy compound and an alkali carbonate have their tendency to cake during storage reduced by incorporating within the compositions an alkaline aryl sulphonate, such as sodium methyl naphthalene sulphonate, and a water-insoluble inorganic compound, such as magnesium trisilicate. The compositions can be used for washing and bleaching textiles and fibers and cleaning hard surfaces.

Abstract: Gramophone records are prepared from a vinyl polymer composition containing a fatty acid soap of an alkaline earth metal or zinc, sugar or polyol fatty acid esters and fatty acid mixed glycerides and is free of heavy metal ions.

Abstract: A polyvinyl chloride composition for use in extrusion moulding contains an alkaline earth metal or zinc soap of one or more fatty acids having an iodine value of from 20-60 as the only stabilizer, a lubricant and is lead-free.

Abstract: A method of treating stored coal to prevent dusting and reduce moisture penetration of the coal, comprising forming a hardened crust of a hydrated calcium sulfate containing composition over the exposed surface of the coal pile. The calcium sulfate product produced from the fluid bed combustion of coal in the presence of limestone is particularly useful.

Abstract: A method and composition for forming a thin film of evaporation retarding agent upon a water surface by applying to the water, solid macroscopic particles of a saturated, aliphatic, interface-active hydrocarbon in solid solution with a spreading agent, e.g., a polyethylene glycol, that is soluble in both water and the hydrocarbon. Preferably, the particles are admixed with solid macroscopic particles of a filler material capable of generating a gas upon contact with water and compacted into a tablet, pellet or other solid unitary form for application to a water surface.

Abstract: The present invention is a single station type ionization smoke sensor which operates on a dc battery having a voltage lower than the voltage of about 9 volts usually needed for operation of ionization-type smoke sensors. The smoke sensor of the present invention includes a voltage booster means for boosting the battery voltage, a voltage detector means which detects when the boosted voltage falls below a predetermined value and an alarm energization means which energizes an alarm when an ionization type smoke detector means detects combustion products or when the voltage detector means detects a drop in the boosted voltage below the predetermined voltage.

Abstract: An anticaking composition suitable for fertilizers comprising a hydrophobic liquid having dissolved therein from 0.01 to 20% by weight of an alkylaryl sulphonate derived from an alkylaryl sulphonic acid of molecular weight greater than 400.Also covered are fertilizer granules, e.g. NPK fertilizers coated with this anticaking composition.

Abstract: A process for improving the physical properties of granular detergents comprises making fine particles of calcium sulfite adhere uniformly onto the surface of the granular detergent. The amount of said calcium sulfite particles to be thus applied is in the range of from about 0.5 to about 5 wt.% relative to the granular detergent, and about 70 wt.% or less of this amount may be replaced with fine particles of alumino silicate. The applicable average particle diameter of calcium sulfite to be made to adhere onto granular detergent is less than about 4 .mu. and that of aluminosilicate is less than about 5 .mu..

Abstract: Powdered milk is used as an antitack agent for products made to handle food items, particularly milk. In one embodiment, flexible articles used for handling and storage of food items such as milk are coated with sufficient powdered milk to prevent sticking upon contact. In a preferred embodiment, powdered milk is used as a noncontaminating antitack agent to treat the interior surfaces of rubber tubing designed for use in the transport of milk.

Abstract: Pyrrolidone-5,5-diphosphonic acids having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; as well as their water-soluble salts. The pyrrolidone-5,5-diphosphonic acids are excellent sequestering agents especially for alkaline earth metal ions. They are stabilizers for percompounds and are useful in the delaying of the setting times for gypsum. In addition, the compounds are useful as cosmetic preparations such as toothpastes and mouthwashes where they prevent formation of tartar and plaque and are useful in therapy in the treatment of diseases related to the abnormal deposition or dissolution of difficultly soluble calcium salts in the animal body.

Abstract: A fire-fighting foam-compatible powder containing a fire-extinguishing powder and from 0.1% to 5% of a partially-hydrophobic powdered silica, having a surface area of at least 10 square meters per gram, and carrying a surface treatment with a silane, wherein the degree of hydrophobicity measured by the methanol titration test is in the range of 3 to 35.

Abstract: Pyrrolidone-5,5-diphosphonic acids having the formula ##EQU1## wherein R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; as well as their water-soluble salts. The pyrrolidone-5,5-diphosphonic acids are excellent sequestering agents especially for alkaline earth metal ions. They are stabilizers for percompounds and are useful in the delaying of the setting times for gypsum. In addition, the compounds are useful as cosmetic preparations such as toothpastes and mouthwashes where they prevent formation of tartar and plaque and are useful in therapy in the treatment of diseases related to the abnormal deposition or dissolution of difficultly soluble calcium salts in the animal body.

Abstract: The disclosed wound dressings have a drug dispersed throughout a polyurethane matrix that is the reaction product of: (A) An isocyante terminated prepolymer formed by reaction of isophorone diisocyanate and a marcoglycol and (B) a monomer containing hydroxyl and vinyl groups. The reaction product is a vinyl terminated polyurethane oligomer which is liquid at room temperature and which may be readily admixed with a pharmacoactive substance and a photosensitizer, formed into a film and cured by exposure to UV light without release of heat.In the most preferred embodiments the foregoing oligomer is codissolved in an organic solvent with a polyurethane polymer which is the reaction product of:dicyclohexyl methane diisocyanate;a polytetramethylene ether polyol having a molecular weight in the range of 1000-3000 daltons; and1,4-butane diol.That solution is then admixed with the pharmacoactive agent, formed into a film and cured.