Abstract: Calcium superbase soaps consist essentially of calcium dissolved in at least one oil in the form of carbonate and of salts of acids, the said acids consisting of a mixture or otherwise of saturated organic carboxylic acids containing from 7 to 13 carbon atoms in which the linear acid content is from 0 to 40% by weight, the content of acids branched on carbon 2 is from 0 to 20% by weight and the content of acids which are mono- or polysubstituted on carbon 3 and/or of higher rank is higher than or equal to 46% by weight.These soaps are used in particular as additives in lubricating oils or as oxidation catalysts.

Abstract: A new water-base lubricant composition has been discovered which is uniquely suitable for elevated temperature metal forming operations. The water-base lubricant invention herein generally comprises, about 1% to about 40% by weight of a polycarboxylic acid salt reaction product, such as trimellitic acid and an alkali metal or an alkali earth metal hydroxide, such that the pH of the composition is about 6.5 to about 10; about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of a water dispersible thickening agent; and the balance water. The water-base lubricant may also include extreme pressure additives, performance enhancers, and biocidal agents. Also disclosed is a process for using the above-described water-base lubricant composition.

Abstract: A wood preservative contains a water-soluble, alkaline copper(II) complex and a water-soluble thiocyanate or iodide and may contain a reducing agent.

Abstract: A lubricant composition is disclosed which is environmentally acceptable when used with hot forging of aluminum workpieces. Said lubricant comprises a metal soap composition containing no lead plus amounts of polybutene, graphite, thickening agent, mineral oil and, optionally, aliphatic solvent.

Abstract: A gelled dielectric encapsulant material and process therefor for use in reenterable and nonreenterable communication cable splices as well as applications relating to encapsulation of electronic components comprises a plasticizer which does not stress crack polycarbonate, an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid, and a basic oxide or hydroxide.

Abstract: 2,2,6,6-tetraalkyl-4-piperidinyl derivatives and, more specifically, the N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetraalkyl-4-piperidene)2,2'-diamino-2,2'-dihydrocarbyl divinyl ketones wherein the alkyl groups have independently from one to about eight carbon atoms and said hydrocarbyl moieties are selected from the group consisting of alkyls having between one and about eight carbon atoms, aryl, alkaryl, and aralkyl groups having between one and about twenty carbon atoms.These compounds are useful as UV light stabilizers in plastics and cosmetics (e.g. sunscreens).

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions, prepared by the addition of at least one basic salts comprising polyvalent metal salt of naphthenic acids to at least one hydrocarbon lubricating oil, are stabilized above 140.degree. C. by the addition of at least one polyester, or salt of said polyester. The polyesters lead to marked improvement in stability even when used in low concentrations.

Abstract: Stabilized powder of red phosphorus, for use as flame-retardant agent, in particular for compositions on the basis of polymers, constituted by particles of red phosphorus enveloped by a thin capsule constituted by a first layer of Al(OH).sub.3 adhering on to the surface of red phosphorus individual particles, and by a second layer, superimposed onto said first layer, constituted by a crosslinked polyconsensation resin formed by urea-melamine-phenol-formaldehyde.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a combination of a dihydrocarbyl ester of maleic acid and a metal salt of a monohydrocarbyl ester of maleic acid are useful as lubricant-stabilizers for halogen-containing organic polymers and provide unique lubricating-stabilizing characteristics to polymers stabilized therewith.

Abstract: A tracer metal, which is not present in engine parts subject to wear, is used to ascertain the source of metals in used oil as between lubricating oil additives and other sources, particularly wear of engine parts.

Abstract: Substituted-(aminoxy)-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by the reaction of the appropriate maleimide and hydroxylamine compounds and are useful as stabilizers for organic polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a suspension of ammonium carbonate and/or ammonium hydrogen carbonate in an aqueous solution saturated with respect to said salts and optionally also containing urea. For the purpose of stabilizing the suspension there is incorporated therein a polyacrylic acid having an average molecular weight (M.sub.w) in the range of 4.times.10.sup.5 -1.times.10.sup.6, preferably about 7.5.times.10.sup.5. The invention also relates to the use of the suspension for treating carbamide-resin bound, wood-based board material, such as plywood, chipboard and wood fibreboard, for reducing the emission of formaldehyde therefrom.

Abstract: Aqueous lubricant dispersions having solids content of from about 50% by weight to about 75% by weight contain calcium stearate, dispersing agent, nonionic lubricant and urea are characterized by increased solids content.

Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of mixtures of alkyl-substituted p-nitrosophenols and p-nitrosophenol.

Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of a N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine and an alkyl benzene sulfonic acid.

Abstract: Alkyl triamine borates are effective multifunctional friction reducing and high temperature stabilizing additives when incorporated into hydrocarbyl lubricants and fuels.

Abstract: Disclosed are lubricating oil compositions containing the neutral and overbased ortho-carboxy phenylphenones. The neutral ortho-carboxy phenylphenones provide detergency for the lubricating oil; whereas, the overbased derivatives additionally provide an alkaline reserve.

Abstract: Substituted 2-(2,6-di-t-butyl-4-alkylphenoxy)-4H-1,3,2-benzodioxaphosphorins that are readily prepared, for example from hindered phenols and ortho-methylolphenols, are effective heat and anti-oxidant stabilizers for organic materials subject to degradation by heat and oxygen, and provide particularly efficient stabilizer systems when combined with hydroxyphenylalkyleneyl isocyanurates.

Abstract: An enhanced grease usable with high-speed bearings and in other applications involving severe operating conditions where standard greases normally give rise to overheating, excessive wear and failure of the parts being lubricated within a relatively short operating period. The enhanced grease has two major components--the first being a hybrid lubricant constituted by a stable suspension of sub-micronic PTFE particles in an oil carrier; the second component acting as a gelling agent for the first component and being in the form of a standard grease composed of a thickener dispersed in a lubricating oil. The ratio, by volume, of the two components is such that the resultant semi-solid gel has thixotropic properties and exceptional lubricating characteristics.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a wood preservative composition comprising the following ingredients (A) and (B):(A) at least one alkyl ammonium compound,(B) at least one polyacid salt selected from the group consisting of condensated homopolyacid salts, condensated heteropolyacid salts, polycarboxylic acid salts and polyphosphonic acid salts.The (B) ingredients improve the anchoring property of the alkyl ammonium compound (A) which is the active ingredient of a wood preservative, thereby obtained a wood preservative with long-lasting preservation effect under the conditions of underground berrying or underwater installation.

Abstract: The resistance to deterioration of polyvinyl chloride resins when heated and worked is improved by combinations of polyvinyl chloride resin stabilizers and alpha-olefin oligomers obtained by oligomerization of a 1-olefin having from six to about twelve carbon atoms, and having a highly branched chain with alkyl substituents of at least two carbon atoms.

Abstract: Dispersants and basic magnesium detergents tend to interact when mixed in additive concentrates and in bulk lubricants resulting in an undesirable increase in viscosity. It has been found that this problem may be significantly reduced if the dispersant is prereacted with a basic salt containing an alkali metal such as sodium, preferably in an amount corresponding to at least 0.001 gram atoms alkali metal per 100 grams dispersant. The reaction product may be used in concentrates containing basic magnesium detergents for use in lubricants.

Abstract: A composition comprising (A) at least one metal salt of a mixture of acids comprising (A)(I) at least one acid of Formula I ##STR1## wherein R' and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each of R' and R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbon-based group, and (A)(II) at least one aliphatic or alicyclic carboxylic acid containing from about 2 to about 40 carbon atoms, (B) at least one sulfurized Group II metal phenate, and (C) a stabilizing amount of at least one triazole selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole and alkyl substituted benzotriazoles containing up to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.

Abstract: The process for the production of superbasic detergents from sulphonates and/or sulphophenates and an oxide or an hydroxide of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal is carried out in the presence of an ester of the carbonic acid, preferably in the presence of dimethylcarbonate.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the middle distillate boiling range and an effective stabilizing amount of a alpha, omega diamino poly(oxypropylene) poly(oxyethylene) poly(oxypropylene) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein x and z each has an approximate value ranging from 1 to 3 such that the sum of x plus z has an average value ranging from 3 to 4, and y has an approximate value ranging from 10 to 16.

Abstract: A protective lubricating composition is provided which will penetrate readily to closely fitting frictional parts but which will turn to a protective, non-migrating lubricating gel in use. Preferred embodiments may contain silicone fluids, extreme pressure compounds and surfactants, and may be combined with solvents and propellants to make a sprayable lubricant composition.

Abstract: N-2-Hydroxypropyl piperidines are provided, as well as a process for preparing these compounds, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of , ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyl; alkenyl; cycloalkyl; alkaryl; hydroxyalkyl; oxyalkyl; acyl and aroyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkaryl, hydroxyalkyl, oxyalkyl and haloalkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms;R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 each are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkaryl, hydroxyalkyl, oxyalkyl and haloalkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; and --CH.sub.2 --O--R.sub.1 ;n is 1 or 2; andY, when n is 1, is hydroxy or ##STR3## and when n is 2, is oxyoxygen.

Abstract: Light stabilizers for synthetic resin compositions and synthetic resin compositions containing such stabilizers are provided, comprising(1) at least one hindered heterocyclic amine having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: X is a bivalent linking radical forming with the ring structure ##STR2## a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring having from five to seven ring atoms, preferably piperidine;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, preferably methyl, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together as pentylene (CH.sub.2).sub.5 ;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 taken together as one of butylene--(CH.sub.2).sub.4, pentylene--(CH.sub.2).sub.5, and CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --NH--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --;n is 1 or 2; andwhen n is 1, Y.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, O.sup..cndot.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combination of derivatives of dihydropyridine and .beta.-aminocrotonic acid derivatives intended for the stabilization of vinyl resins. The combination of a dihydropyridine derivative and a .beta.-aminocrotonic derivative gives rise to synergism of the stabilizing powers of each of those products.

Abstract: Stabilizer compositions and polyvinyl halide resin compositions containing 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds having the formula: ##STR1## as well as metal and organotin enolate salts thereof, effective in enhancing the resistance to deterioration by heat and light of polyvinyl halide resins.

Abstract: A solvent composition for cleaning metal and other articles which comprises 1,1,1-trichloroethane having dissolved therein a stabilizing amount of a mixture of stabilizing components comprising (i) tertiary butanol (ii) nitromethane and (iii) 1-or 2-nitropropane or nitroethane, in which mixture the specified stabilizing components are present in the mole fraction percent ranges encompassed by Contour K in FIG. 1 of the drawings in the case where component (iii) is 1-or 2-nitropropane or by Contour A in FIG. 2 of the drawing in the case where component (iii) is nitroethane.

Abstract: A relatively inexpensive solution for the single step preservation of fresh naturally colored blooms, comprising (in amounts per liter)600-700 ml tert-butyl alcohol200-250 ml 2-propanol3-30 g thiourea3-30 g citric acid3-30 g sodium citrate50-150 ml propionic acid0-250 ml phenol.

Abstract: A synergistic stabilizer combination is provided for use in improving the resistance of polymers, such as olefin polymers and copolymers, to deterioration in physical properties upon exposure to heat. The stabilizer combination contains a quinoline compound, a diamine compound and a magnesium compound in correlated amounts. In addition, olefin polymer compositions such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer composition containing the synergistic stabilizer combination and a method for preparing the compositions are provided.

Abstract: Liquid petroleum hydrocarbon blends having improved thermal stability at temperatures of 1000.degree. F. and higher are prepared by removing from the blends dissolved molecular oxygen and maintaining low levels of certain trace impurities in the blends. Trace impurity compounds that are maintained at low levels include: sulfur compounds classed as thiols, sulfides, disulfides and polysulfides; organic oxygen compounds classed as hydroperoxides, peroxides, paraffinic carboxylic acids, and phenols; nitrogen compounds classed as amides and alkyl-pyridines; and reactive olefins. Additional improvements in the blends can be obtained by providing them with a dibenzothiophene or a nitrogen compound classed as a paraffinic amine, carbazole or piperidine. The treated blends of this invention have substantially the same physical properties as similar blends that have not been so treated.

Abstract: Disclosed are culture media comprising a gelling agent, germicidal bleach containing a halogen, a halogen-inactivating agent to inactivate residual halogen and conventional nutrients.Also disclosed is a method for sterilizing a culture medium without autoclaving same by dissolving a gelling agent in buffered water; adding thereto a germicidal bleach containing a halogen; thereby forming a suspension; heating the suspension to boiling; adding to the stirred and heated suspension an excess of halogen-inactivating agent to neutralize residual halogen and then adding nutrients.

Abstract: A combined water repellent and preservative for wood prepared in a concentrate for mixing with water and utilizing 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate.

Abstract: Stabilization of chlorine-containing thermoplasts with 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid esters alone or, in particular, together with a metal-containing stabilizer as synergist.

Abstract: Degradation-resistant polyolefin articles, such as fibers, films, sheets and the like, are prepared from polymeric compositions containing a stabilizing system comprising a hindered amine and a nickel phosphonate which have been overcoated with a finish comprising an ethoxylated lubricant and a phosphate ester. In a preferred embodiment, polypropylene textile materials having improved thermal stability are provided compositions containing a stabilizing system comprising a hindered amine and a nickel phosphonate which have been overcoated with a finish composition comprising an ethoxylated lubricant and a phosphate ester in an amount sufficient to impart antistatic properties to said composition and increase the thermal stability of said polypropylene textile materials.

Abstract: Liquid petroleum hydrocarbon blends having improved thermal stability at temperatures of 1000.degree. F. and higher are prepared by removing from the blends dissolved molecular oxygen and maintaining low levels of certain trace impurities in the blends. Trace impurity compounds that are maintained at low levels include: sulfur compounds classed as thiols, sulfides, disulfides and polysulfides; organic oxygen compounds classed as hydroperoxides, peroxides, paraffinic carboxylic acids, and phenols; nitrogen compounds classed as amides and alkyl-pyridines; and reactive olefins. Additional improvements in the blends can be obtained by providing them with a dibenzothiophene or a nitrogen compound classed as a paraffinic amine, carbazole or piperidine. The treated blends of this invention have substantially the same physical properties as similar blends that have not been so treated.

Abstract: Poly(alkylene oxide) compositions are provided which exhibit excellent resistance to oxidative degradation and inhibit the corrosion of ferrous metals, which compositions have incorporated therein an effective amount of a mononuclear aromatic compound having at least one substituent nitro group.

Abstract: A methylene chloride composition is stabilized by hexamethylenetetramine, optionally mixed with one or more epoxides. The methylene chloride thus stabilized is very suitable for aerosol compositions containing large amounts of water.

Abstract: The penetration properties of creosote and pentachlorophenol oil-borne wood preservative compositions are improved by adding to such compositions an N,N-dimethylamide of a carboxylic acid containing 18 carbon atoms and at least 1 carbon to carbon double bond.

Abstract: Stabilizers for organic polymeric materials are provided, comprising a phosphonic acid ester, a phenolic antioxidant and a 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl ether alcohol or ether having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having from one to six carbon atoms;R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, provided R.sub.2 is hydroxyalkyl; ##STR2## R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be taken together to form ##STR3## Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and O.

Abstract: Stabilizers for organic polymeric materials are provided, comprising a 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl carboxylic acid ester having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and O; R.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a lubricating oil additive which comprises contacting under reaction conditions an amino acid and a basically reacting metal compound. The reaction conditions include the presence of a suspending agent for the basically reacting metal compound and the presence of a hydroxylic promoter. Low-ash, high-alkalinity-value lubricating oil additives are obtainable from the process.

Abstract: This invention relates to new associations of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, alkoxy or hydroxy radical and R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkoxy radical, and of a compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 represents an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or aralkyl radical or a radical of the formula R.sub.4 --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, wherein R.sub.4 represents an alkyl or phenyl radical and n is 2, 3 or 4.The associations according to the invention are stabilizers for vinyl resins.

Abstract: The invention relates to biheterocyclic compounds which have been found to be effective ultraviolet stabilizers. The invention also relates to ultraviolet degradable organic compositions containing a stabilizing amount of the biheterocyclic composition to prevent such degradation. These stabilizers are effective in the presence of other additives commonly employed in polymeric compositions including, for example, pigments, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents and the like. These ultraviolet stabilizers may also be incorporated into the organic compositions in the polymer melt or dissolved in the polymer dope, coated on the exterior of the molded article, film or extruded fiber.

Abstract: It is disclosed to inhibit homopolymerization of a bis(vinylsulfonyl)alkane hardener for a hydrophilic colloid useful in forming a layer of a photographic element by associating with the hardener a nitro-substituted aromatic compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to heterocyclic benzoate compounds which have been found to be effective ultraviolet stabilizers. The invention also relates to ultraviolet degradable organic compositions containing an amount of a heterocyclic benzoate composition to prevent such degradation. These stabilizers are effective in the presence of other additives commonly employed in polymeric compositions including, for example, pigments, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents and the like. These ultraviolet stabilizers may be incorporated into the organic compositions such as polymers by adding to the polymer melt or dissolved in the polymer dope, coated on the exterior of the shaped or molded article, film or extruded fiber.

Abstract: The invention relates to polychromophoric compounds which have been found to be effective ultraviolet stabilizers. The invention also relates to ultraviolet degradable organic compositions containing a stabilizing amount of the polychromophoric composition to prevent such degradation. These stabilizers are effective in the presence of other additives commonly employed in polymeric compositions including, for example, pigments, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents and the like. These ultraviolet stabilizers may also be incorporated into the organic compositions in the polymer melt or dissolved in the polymer dope, or coated on the exterior of the molded article, film or extruded fiber.