Abstract: A novel, non-combustible thin coating, applied as an air-setting paint, is used to form a coherent fire-barrier on or between susceptible wood or plastic substrates, or other substances. Consisting of a paint-like slurry of three separate but compatible and mutually synergistic co-bonding systems, viz. magnesium "oxychloride" cement, plus high alumina mono-calcium aluminate cement, plus colloidal silica dispersed in dimethyl formamide (DMF), and utilizing an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride as the common hydrating fluid for the two cements, the coating retains its structural integrity through prolonged exposure to flame temperatures of 2000.degree. F. The coating takes advantage of its brilliant whiteness to act as a thermal radiation reflector for the high radiation component of most flames.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a fire extinguishing and inhibiting material comprising potassium hydroxide, citric acid, diammonium phosphate, and urea in an aqueous solution is applied to an object to extinguish and inhibit fires. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a film-forming extinguishing material comprising potassium hydroxide, citric acid, diammonium phosphate, urea, surfactant, and trichloroethylene is applied to liquid fuel and self-propelled liquid fuel fires to extinguish and inhibit combustion.

Abstract: A melamine preparation consisting of 80 to 99.9% by weight of melamine having an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.1 mm and 0.1 to 20% by weight of urea, thiourea, biuret or urea or thiourea substituted by lower alkyl groups and a stable dispersion in polyether polyols prepared therefrom, which is used for the preparation of flame-resistant polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Flammable liquids are soaked up and rendered safe from ignition by mixing with the liquid a particulate composition containing an absorbent solid, a first high molecular weight polymer soluble in the flammable liquid, a dry chemical fire extinguishing agent and, optionally, a second polymer which is not soluble in the flammable liquid but is soluble in water. The first polymer gels the flammable liquid and the solution of polymer and liquid serves to adhesively bind particles of absorbent solid together while the second polymer when wet with water forms a non-combustible film over all exposed surfaces.

Abstract: Water-soluble film-forming inorganic compounds having a specific gravity of 1.1 or more and capable of being formed into a film at ordinary temperature or by heating. The compounds are formed by a reaction of a metal, a hydroxide of an alkali metal, and hydrofluoric acid or boric acid and their salts or their submineral acid salts. The water-soluble film-forming inorganic compounds are superior in refractory, heat-resistant and heat-insulating properties, also have rust-inhibitory properties. The compounds are useful as heat-resistant adhesives in fireproof and heat-resistant layered composites made of metal, wood, and the like. A process of coating materials with a layer of these compounds is also provided.

Abstract: A fire barrier composition in the form of a zinc-containing magnesium oxychloride cement is described. The composition exhibits a prolonged pot-life as well as reduced thermal popping when applied to a substrate as a coating. The fire barrier composition can be used for rendering a flammable substrate fire resistant and for encapsulating lead paint.

Abstract: A sprayable fireproofing composition comprising a hydratable cementitious binder, a porous aggregate, a fibrous material, an air-entraining agent and a rheopectic agent selected from granular attapulgite, sepiolite or mixture thereof having a major amount of particulate greater than 40 microns and water content less than 16 percent.

Abstract: A colloidal dispersion of hydrous antimony pentoxide particles is made by a process which comprises introducing a particulate antimony component selected from the group consisting of antimony metal and antimony trioxide into an essentially aqueous medium and contacting said antimony component with hydrogen peroxide at a temperature of from about 0.degree. C. to about the decomposition temperature of the reaction mixture for a length of time sufficient to convert at least a portion of the antimony component to colloidal particles of hydrous antimony pentoxide.

Abstract: A novel process is provided for producing a pure triaryl phosphate ester free from phenolics without creating an undesirable waste product. After recovery of the triaryl phosphate ester the reactio mixture residue is converted into an emulsion suitable for use as a flame retardant useful for application to carpets.

Abstract: In a particulate additive for water for fire fighting containing a strongly swelling water-insoluble high molecular weight polymer as gelatinizing agent, the improvement which comprises a water-soluble release agent which does not cause the particles of said gelatinizing agent to swell, the particles of the gelatinizing agent being encased or dispersed in the release agent. Suitable release agents include polyethylene glycol, diammonium biphosphate, sugars, mannitol, etc. The gelatinizing agent may be a moderately cross-linked water-insoluble acrylic or methacrylic acid copolymer.

Abstract: An organic phase which comprises a water-insoluble material to be encapsulated, a capsule-forming or matrix-forming monomer or prepolymer and, should this be desirable, a solvent, is dispersed in droplet form in an aqueous phase. The capsule-forming or matrix-forming monomer or prepolymer forms a sheath around the material to be encapsulated. As a capsule-forming or matrix-forming monomer, an organosilicon compound of the general formula ##STR1## is used, wherein R.sup.1 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, n-functional hydrocarbon moiety, which may be interrupted by groups containing oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are the same or different and represent a hydrocarbon moiety with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or X; X is a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group and n is a whole number greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that, when n=1, R.sup.1 has at least 12 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent X or a prepolymer hereof.

Abstract: A stable aqueous foam concentrate for use in the generation of a stable aqueous foam having an expansion ratio of between 10:1 to as high as 1000:1 or more includes an anionic surfactant material of a chain length of between C12 to C14, a glycol or mixtures thereof, a fatty alcohol of between C12 and C14 chain length and a copolymer of maleic anhydride. The components, other than the polymer are mixed to form a micellar structure and the polyer is then added to react with at least one of the components of at least some of the micelles. Upon foam formation, the polymer which is covalently bound operates to reduce the water drainage rate to increase the foam stability, the foam being biodegradable.

Abstract: A stable homogeneous composition in the form of a microemulsion suitable for making rigid foams comprising a halogenated polyhydroxylated compound, a halogenated alkane, and a surfactant in an amount sufficient to maintain a stable microemulsion.

Abstract: A fire-retardant composition for application to vegetation, to suppress the spread of wildfires of the type which includes a fire-suppressing salt in a liquid carrier, has a minor amount of xanthan gum incorporated therein to improve the stability, corrosivity or adhesion of the composition.

Abstract: Aerosol solutions for use in treating consumer goods to render them fire-proof are formulated for packaging under pressure in a valved container, and comprise a mixture of ammonium salts and an alkali metal silicate. The solution may further comprise one or more of urea, ammonium bromide, a low molecular weight alcohol, an aromatic oil, a surfactant, an acid, fragrance, etc. A method for making the solution is also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing colloidal sols of antimony pentoxide in organic solvents which comprises the steps of:(a) reacting an alkali antimonate with 0.5 to 5 times of a monovalent or divalent inorganic acid in terms of stoichiometric ratio to form an antimony pentoxide gel,(b) after separating and washing the gel, aging the resulting wet cake at room temperature to 100.degree. C., and(c) peptizing the product in an organic solvent with Sb.sub.2 O.sub.5 being added, in terms of % by weight, 2 to 30% of an organic base and 0.2 to 20% of an organic acid as peptizing auxiliaries, and then removing water contained therein.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing stable colloidal sols of antimony pentoxide in organic solvents which comprises the steps of adjusting an amount of an organic base in an aqueous colloidal solution of antimony pentoxide to, in terms of % by weight, 2 to 30% based on antimony pentoxide in the aqueous colloidal solution of antimony pentoxide; adding an organic acid in an amount of 0.2 to 20%; and replacing a dispersing medium of the colloidal solution from water to an organic solvent.

Abstract: This invention provides an aqueous antimony oxide sol composed of Sb.sub.6 O.sub.13, 1 to 100 m.mu. in particle diameter, dispersed in an aqueous medium or composed of said Sb.sub.6 O.sub.13 treated with a particular quantity of a particular organic silicon compound and regulated to within a prescribed pH range, which has a high concentration and a small quantity of impurities, and moreover has excellent thermal stability and chemical stability.

Abstract: Colloidal size particles of an organic solid such as a pigment are encapsulated in a hydrophobic addition polymer such as a polymer of styrene by a polymerization process wherein a water-immiscible (hydrophobic) monomer is dispersed in an aqueous colloidal dispersion of the organic particles and subjected to conditions of emulsion polymerization. The resulting encapsulated particles are usefully employed as toners and pigments.

Abstract: There is prepared an aqueous suspension which in addition to water, consists of 2 to 50 weight % of a mixture of bentonite and inorganic fibers, with the portion of inorganic fiber being 1 to 30 weight % and the portion of bentonite being 1 to 30 weight % and wherein the total amount of solids does not exceed 50 weight %. With the suspension there is attained an improvement of the mechanical properties of thermal insulating molded objects which are employed for thermal insulation and which for example, contain pyrogenically produced silica as a filler by delivery of this suspension on the thermal insulating plate. The suspension can also be delivered on thermal insulating molded bodies on which there is pressed a fiber net or a fiber felt. After applying the suspension several thermal insulating molded bodies can be joined together where the coating formed consisting of bentonite and inorganic fibers acts as binder.

Abstract: A fire retardant composition in a stable liquid form comprises the reaction product of an aqueous aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde, solution, at least one alcohol solvent, an alkanolamine, an organic catalyst, ammonium hydroxide, urea and an aqueous phosphoric acid solution. The aldehyde and urea are included in an approximately 1:1 weight ratio. A method of forming the reaction product comprises adding urea to a mixture of aldehyde, alcohol, alkanolamine, organic catalyst and ammonium hydroxide, and heating the resultant mixture to at least 150.degree. F.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for making a particulate agent stable to hydrolysis based on free-flowing, pulverulent ammonium polyphosphate by treating the ammonium polyphosphate with a thermosetting, artificial resin being water-insoluble when cured. More specifically, the disclosure provides for the ammonium polyphosphate, an aliphatic alcohol as a diluent, and a melamine/formaldehyde-resin or phenol/formaldehyde-resin to be placed in an autoclave and intimately mixed at room temperature; for the mixture to be heated to a temperature of about 80.degree. to about 180.degree. C. and allowed to remain over a period of 15 to 240 minutes at that temperature and under the pressure corresponding to the vapor pressure of the diluent; for the diluent to be separated and for the product so obtained to be dried.

Abstract: A polymeric drift control concentrate is provided for admixture with an aqueous mixture designed for application to vegetation or soil by aerial or ground spraying or discharge. The concentrate reduces the likelihood that the water or aqueous mixture will drift away from its intended target, and suppresses the formation of dust on the ground.

Abstract: Aqueous composition for the dispersion of hydrophobic substances, constituted by a microemulsion of one or more hydrocarbons, ketones and alcohols and/or glycol ethers or esters in the presence of a surfactant compound, in water, characterized in that the water has a pH of 8 to 14 and that the molar ratio of the carbonyl groups (--CO--) present to the hydrocarbon is from 0.2 to 1.Application of this composition to the removal of various paints, in particular to washing brushes; washing can be finished with water.

Abstract: A process for preparing an antimony pentoxide sol, which comprises dispersing sodium antimonate in water, reacting the sodium antimonate with a monovalent or divalent inorganic acid added in a stoichiometrical amount of 0.7 time to 5 times the amount of the sodium antimonate to form the sodium salt of said inorganic acid and an antimony pentoxide gel, separating and water washing said gel, dispersing said gel in water, and peptizing said gel dispersed in water by adding an organic base in an amount to provide a stoichiometrical amount of base / Sb.sub.2 O.sub.5 of from 0.03 to 1.

Abstract: A polymeric drift control concentrate is provided for admixture with an aqueous mixture designed for application to vegetation or soil by aerial or ground spraying or discharge. The concentrate reduces the likelihood that the water or aqueous mixture will drift away from its intended target, and suppresses the formation of dust on the ground.

Abstract: An aqueous antimony sol composition useful in restoring the activity of metal contaminated molecular sieve cracking catalysts which comprises a major portion of an aqueous antimony sol containing between 1-50% by weight of antimony oxide as Sb.sub.2 O.sub.5 and between 0.1-10% by weight of a compatible water-soluble surfactant which is capable of producing an oil-in-water emulsion and having an HLB of at least 8.0.

Abstract: A process for encapsulating products in a polymer by interfacial polymerization, in which a stabilized dispersion of droplets of a first liquid which is to be encapsulated or a stabilized dispersion of solid particles which are to be encapsulated is formed in a continuous phase of a second liquid, and wherein one of the two capsule wall-forming reaction components is present in free form while the other of the two capsule wall-forming reaction components is present in reversibly blocked form, both reaction components are present in the first or second liquid without reacting with one another and the reaction component which is present in reversibly blocked form is deblocked by means of water present in the second or first liquid and then reacts with the reaction component present in free form to form a polymeric capsule wall, the droplets of the first liquid or the solid particles being encapsulated in small capsules consisting of polymeric material.

Abstract: A process for the production of microcapsules by interfacial polyreaction, which comprises mixing a first reactant with an emulsion of a solution of a material to be encapsulated and a second reactant whereby the first and second reactants react to form a capsule containing the said material and wherein the second reactant dissolved in the disperse phase is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound corresponding to one of the formulae I, II or III ##STR1## wherein at least two of the radicals A, B, D and E are halogen atoms, ammonium, hydrazinium, sulfonium, optionally substituted alkyl sulfonyl, aryl sulfonyl, aralkyl sulfonium, azido, aryloxy, thiocyano arylthio and sulfonic acid residues which are reactive under the conditions of the capsule-forming reaction and the remaining radicals A, B, D, E are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, phenoxy, alkylamino or phenylamino radicals which are not reactive under the conditions of the capsule-forming reaction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a water barrier gel composition comprising from about 0.1 to 5% by weight of water absorbent material and from about 95 to 99.9% by weight of water, based on the weight of the total composition, and a method of applying a layer of said water-barrier gel composition to a surface to prevent ignition or to protect the surface from heat damage.

Abstract: Sodium antimonate is made to react with an acid solution so as to transform a fraction of the sodium antimonate into pentavalent antimony oxide, thus producing a mixture of pentavalent antimony oxide and sodium antimonate, the so produced mixture is separated from the solution and that mixture is dried and pulverized. The so produced powder presents good flame retardant properties.

Abstract: A process for improving the flame-retardant properties of cellulose containing fibrous materials in the absence of halogen compounds which comprises treating said fibrous materials with an effective amount of a colloidal aqueous dispersion of an alkali metal polyantimonate containing a mole ratio of alkali metal to antimony in the dispersion of at least about 0.3:1, and drying said materials is described.

Abstract: A method of preparing antimony pentoxide from solids containing antimony sulfides is described. The method comprises the steps of(a) leaching the antimony values from the solids with an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution to form an antimony-containing solution and a gangue,(b) oxidizing the antimony present in the leaching solution to a pentavalent antimony,(c) recovering the oxidized solution, and(d) adding an inorganic acid to the solution to reduce the pH of the solution to about 5-7 whereby antimony pentoxide is precipitated from the solution. The gangue may be separated from the leach solution either prior to or after the oxidizing step.In a preferred embodiment, the oxidation of the solution is conducted in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a water-soluble copper salt, a quinone, a hydroquinone or mixtures of one or more of these.

Abstract: This invention provides novel aqueous gel compositions comprising as the essential components one or more surface active agents selected from the group consisting of anionic and nonionic surface active agents, a water-soluble salt of a conjugated diene-maleic acid derivative copolymer, calcium ion and water, and as needed, containing a chelating agent.

Abstract: A method of preparing colloidal sols of pentavalent antimony containing increased amounts of metal is described. More particularly, a method of converting substantially water-insoluble metal antimonates to colloidal sols of pentavalent antimony is described. The method comprises mixing a substantially water-insoluble metal antimonate with a pentavalent antimony sol and agitating the mixture for a period of time sufficient to convert at least a portion of the crystalline metal antimonate to the colloidal state. The colloidal sols obtained in the described manner contain an increased amount of the metal, and such sols are useful as flame-retardants.

Abstract: This disclosure deals with novel antimony oxide colloidal sols and formulations of the same containing halogens that provide a vastly improved fire-retarding quality to textiles, plastics and other materials to which the compounds are applied.