Including Production Of Solid Particles By Chemical Reaction Patents (Class 252/635)
  • Patent number: 4222783
    Abstract: Barium titanate series semiconductive ceramics having a positive temperature coefficient of electric resistance are disclosed. The ceramics consist mainly of a barium titanate series compound and contain specifically limited small amounts of titanium dioxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, yttrium, bismuth, antimony, niobium, tantalum and tungsten, at least one element selected from the group consisting of manganese, copper, iron and chromium, and zinc oxide. The ceramics are low in the variance of electric resistance values and have a low water absorption and hence are low in the change of electric properties due to the lapse of time.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 26, 1979
    Date of Patent: September 16, 1980
    Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd.
    Inventors: Senji Atsumi, Shigetaka Wada
  • Patent number: 4222885
    Abstract: Method for producing a dielectric having perowskite structure comprising stoichiometric alkaline earth titanates, alkaline earth zirconates, alkaline earth stannates and mixed crystals thereof, wherein an admixture of eutectic-forming compounds which are capable of forming CuO.MeO.sub.x when sintered in an oxygen atmosphere, which cannot in practice be built into the perowskite lattice, are added to the stoichiometric perowskite structure and wherein the mixture of compounds is sintered at a partial oxygen pressure of 0.2 to 1 Bar in the temperature range from 1000.degree.-1250.degree. C., MeO.sub.x in the above-mentioned formula being the oxide of at least one element of group III, V, VI or VII of the Periodic System of Elements (P.S.E.).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 16, 1978
    Date of Patent: September 16, 1980
    Assignee: U.S. Philips Corporation
    Inventors: Detlev Hennings, Herbert Schreinemacher
  • Patent number: 4220547
    Abstract: A dielectric paste for a thick film capacitor comprises barium titanate powder, glass frit, magnetite powder, an organic vehicle and a surface-active agent. A dielectric constant higher than 1,100 is obtained by firing at a temperature of 900.degree. C. or lower.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 19, 1978
    Date of Patent: September 2, 1980
    Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
    Inventors: Katsuo Abe, Noriyuki Taguchi, Nobuyuki Sugishita, Tokio Isogai
  • Patent number: 4219607
    Abstract: New high voltage insulating compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise a polymer (e.g. a polysiloxane, epoxide resin or a polymer of one or more olefins or substituted olefins), an antitracking additive (e.g. an alumina hydrate), and certain phosphorus-containing compounds which have been found to provide the compositions with greatly improved resistance to erosion by high voltage stress. The phosphorus-containing compounds include phosphonates, phosphates, phosphites, phosphinates, phosphonites, phosphinites, phosphine oxides and sulfides, and phosphines, and salts and complexes thereof. The phosphorus-containing compound can react in situ with the polymer or other ingredients of the composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 13, 1978
    Date of Patent: August 26, 1980
    Assignee: Raychem Corporation
    Inventors: Travers K. Cammack, II, David D. Nyberg
  • Patent number: 4218632
    Abstract: There is disclosed a gas discharge device containing at least two electrodes, at least one of the electrodes being insulated from the gas by a dielectric member. There is particularly disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display/memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members, each of which is respectively backed by an array of electrodes, the electrodes behind each dielectric material member being oriented with respect to the electrodes behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge units.At least one dielectric insulating member contains a predetermined beneficial amount of a source of at least one element selected from P, As, Sb, or Bi.The selected element or elements may be utilized in any suitable form, such as a compound, mineral, and/or elemental.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 7, 1978
    Date of Patent: August 19, 1980
    Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
    Inventors: Roger E. Ernsthausen, Michael E. Fein, Bernard W. Byrum, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4216106
    Abstract: This invention discloses that increases above about 1.75 ratio of pigment to vehicle in a dielectric coating for use in manufacture of reprographic (electrostatographic) papers unexpectedly increases the quality of the reproduction when the pigment is a calcined kaolin type clay. The inventive dielectric coating composition reduces the overall cost of static charge transfer reproductions without sacrifices in quality in the ultimate end use.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 18, 1978
    Date of Patent: August 5, 1980
    Assignee: The Sherwin-Williams Co.
    Inventor: Joseph E. Miller
  • Patent number: 4216102
    Abstract: A novel ceramic composition exhibiting a solid solution structure of Pb(Fe.sub.1/2 Nb.sub.1/2)O.sub.3 --Pb(Mg.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3)O.sub.3, can be sintered at a low sintering temperature; have a high insulation resistance; have a relatively high dielectric constant in the high dielectric type ceramic dielectrics, and; have a low dielectric loss.A particular amount of the additives, i.e., pb(Mn.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2)O.sub.3, Pb(Mn.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.2/3)O.sub.3, MnO, Pb(Mn.sub.1/3 Ta.sub.2/3)O.sub.3 Li.sub.2 O, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and CeO.sub.2, is added into the composition mentioned above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 6, 1979
    Date of Patent: August 5, 1980
    Assignee: TDK Electronics Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Kiyoshi Furukawa, Shinobu Fujiwara, Nobuaki Kikuchi, Osamu Iizawa, Hitoshi Tanaka, Hisayoshi Ueoka
  • Patent number: 4216103
    Abstract: A novel ceramic composition exhibiting a solid solution structure of Pb(Fe.sub.1/2 Nb.sub.178 )O.sub.3 -Pb(Mg.sub.1/3 Ta.sub.2/3)O.sub.3, can be sintered at a low sintering temperature; have a high insulation resistance; have a relatively high dielectric constant in the high dielectric type ceramic dielectrics, and; have a low dielectric loss.A particular amount of the additives, i.e., Pb(Mn.sub.1/2 W.sub.1/2)O.sub.3, Pb(Mn.sub.1/3 Nb.sub.170 )O.sub.3, MnO, Pb(Mn.sub.1/3 Ta.sub.170 )O.sub.3, Li.sub.2 O, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and CeO.sub.2, is added into the composition mentioned above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 6, 1979
    Date of Patent: August 5, 1980
    Assignee: TDK Electronics Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Shinobu Fujiwara, Kiyoshi Furukawa, Nobuaki Kikuchi, Osamu Iizawa, Hitoshi Tanaka, Hisayoshi Ueoka
  • Patent number: 4216406
    Abstract: An improved electric lamp of the type wherein a transparent bulb is sealed to a terminal socket cap and contains a foamed cap cement which substantially fills the interior of said terminal cap. The foamed cap cement contains a small amount of a halogen-containing material and functions to extinguish electric arcs generated in the cap.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 8, 1978
    Date of Patent: August 5, 1980
    Assignee: Lumalampan Aktiebolag
    Inventors: Karl A. G. Bjorkman, Gunther Jonsson
  • Patent number: 4214183
    Abstract: There is disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display/memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members which are respectively backed by an array of electrode (conductor) members such that each array of electrode members is insulated from the gaseous medium by a dielectric member, the electrode members behind each dielectric material member being oriented with respect to the electrode members behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge volumes, each discharge volume constituting a discharge unit, the dielectric material being selectively enriched with at least one Group IA or IIA element in an amount sufficient to provide operating voltages which are substantially uniform and which do not significantly change with time.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 25, 1978
    Date of Patent: July 22, 1980
    Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
    Inventor: Roger E. Ernsthausen
  • Patent number: 4212914
    Abstract: The electroinsulating material of the present invention contains a fluorine rubber, low-molecular weight sticky resin, cross-linking agents, particles of a mica-containing material, and a mineral filler.This material features high corona resistance, elasticity, heat resistance, and incombustibility.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 23, 1978
    Date of Patent: July 15, 1980
    Inventors: Leonty T. Ponomareva, Nina V. Ponomareva, Sergei V. Vasiliev, Olga V. Maximikhina, Nina M. Golopolosova, Ljudmila I. Belkina
  • Patent number: 4206066
    Abstract: An arc track resistant, high voltage, filled synthetic resin insulator is disclosed which exhibits a wide range of desirable qualities heretofore unobtainable with any single type of prior insulator. The insulator hereof unexpectedly gives excellent arc track and flame resistance, along with a flexibilized yet rugged construction having good weatherability properties. These qualities are achieved through use of a relatively critical selection of components and proportions which also facilitate cast construction of the insulators by giving a pourable, yet highly filled liquid casting composition during the fabrication stage. The insulators include critical quantities of hydrated alumina (from about 60 to 75% by weight) and a synthetic resin matrix having expoxidized castor oil (18 to 24% by weight) and a glycidyl rigidizer therein, along with a curing agent and accelerator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 17, 1978
    Date of Patent: June 3, 1980
    Assignee: A. B. Chance Company
    Inventor: William M. Rinehart
  • Patent number: 4204971
    Abstract: The charge accepting capacity of electrographic dielectric coatings is improved by dispersing in an organic solvent-soluble thermoplastic insulating resin having carboxyl functionality providing an acid value of from 5-100, from 0.05-3% by weight of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 1978
    Date of Patent: May 27, 1980
    Assignee: DeSoto, Inc.
    Inventor: Gerson E. Beauchamp
  • Patent number: 4204084
    Abstract: Dielectric gas mixtures are described with improved dielectric strength in uniform fields compared to pure sulfur hexafluoride. Sulfur hexafluoride is mixed with about 1 to about 10 mole % of a noble gas such as helium, argon, krypton or neon and used in a device wherein the dielectric gas is subjected to a substantially uniform field such as compressed gas insulated cable.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 26, 1978
    Date of Patent: May 20, 1980
    Assignee: Allied Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Martin J. Mastroianni, Sabatino R. Orfeo
  • Patent number: 4192902
    Abstract: A method of toner formation wherein a dispersion of magnetic pigment, resin, solvent and surfactant is spray dried to form the toner particles. Two preferred processes are disclosed: (1) A dispersion of magnetite, resin, fatty acid, and solvent is prepared by high speed agitation. The dispersion is then spray dried to form toner particles. (2) A dispersion of magnetite, fatty acid and solvent is subject to reflux heating, followed by addition of resin solution prior to spray drying to form toner particles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 2, 1977
    Date of Patent: March 11, 1980
    Assignee: Xerox Corporation
    Inventor: Chin H. Lu
  • Patent number: 4190733
    Abstract: High-voltage electrical apparatus includes an outer housing at low potential, an inner electrode disposed within the outer housing at high potential with respect thereto, and support means for insulatably supporting the inner electrode within the outer housing. Conducting particles contaminate the interior of the outer housing, and an insulating gas electrically insulates the inner electrode from the outer housing even in the presence of the conducting particles. The insulating gas is comprised of sulfur hexafluoride at a partial pressure of from about 2.9 to about 3.4 atmospheres absolute, and helium at a partial pressure from about 1.1 to about 11.4 atmospheres absolute. The sulfur hexafluoride comprises between 20 and 65 volume percent of the insulating gas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 21, 1977
    Date of Patent: February 26, 1980
    Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.
    Inventor: Roy E. Wootton
  • Patent number: 4189392
    Abstract: An electrical insulating material having anti-tracking properties has incorporated therein an erosion inhibiting fluorine-substituted compound. The electrical insulating material comprises a polymeric material having an anti-tracking filler and the fluorine-substituted compound is a hydrophobic, non-ionic compound having a fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler. The electrical insulating material may be used in high voltage applications where it is necessary to resist erosion and/or control leakage currents.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 26, 1977
    Date of Patent: February 19, 1980
    Inventors: Richard J. Penneck, John M. Senior
  • Patent number: 4188303
    Abstract: The invention relates to electrical insulators having increased resistance to partial discharges and electrical equipment comprising such electrical insulators.These electrical insulators are formed of a macromolecular material in which is incorporated a chelate which is a derivative of an organic compound of general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is CH.sub.2 COOM or --OH,M is Na or H,x is an integer from 1 to 4,n is an integer from 0 to 4,the metal chelate being present in the material in an amount sufficient for promoting the extinction of partial discharges, said amount not exceeding a value which would alter the physical properties of the insulator such as the volume resistivity thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 1, 1978
    Date of Patent: February 12, 1980
    Assignee: Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche (ANVAR)
    Inventors: Jean Barge, Raymond Catte, Gilbert Chapelet, Ai Bui, Pierre Dejean, Claude Huraux, Christian Mayoux
  • Patent number: 4177474
    Abstract: An amorphous semiconductor member which is capable of withstanding high temperatures and of having good toughness characteristics comprises an amorphous semiconductor material including a composition of a plurality elements, at least one of which is a low atomic weight element comprising boron, carbon, nitrogen or oxygen, formed in a solid amorphous host matrix having structural configuration which have local rather than long range order and electronic configurations providing an energy gap and an electrical activation energy. It also includes a modifier material added to the amorphous host matrix, such as a transition metal or rare earth element, having orbitals which interact with the amorphous host matrix and form electronic states in the energy gap which modify substantially the electronic configurations of the amorphous host matrix at room temperature and above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 12, 1977
    Date of Patent: December 4, 1979
    Assignee: Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.
    Inventor: Stanford R. Ovshinsky
  • Patent number: 4175048
    Abstract: Gaseous insulators comprise compounds having high attachment cross sections for electrons having energies in the 0-1.3 electron volt range. Multi-component gaseous insulators comprise compounds and mixtures having overall high electron attachment cross sections in the 0-1.3 electron volt range and moderating gases having high cross sections for inelastic interactions with electrons of energies 1-4 electron volts. Suitable electron attachment components include hexafluorobutyne, perfluorobutene-2, perfluorocyclobutane, perfluorodimethylcyclobutane, perfluorocyclohexene, perfluoromethylcyclohexane, hexafluorobutadiene, perfluoroheptene-1 and hexafluoroazomethane. Suitable moderating gases include N.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The gaseous insulating mixture can also contain SF.sub.6, perfluoropropane and perfluorobenzene.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 6, 1977
    Date of Patent: November 20, 1979
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of Energy
    Inventors: Loucas G. Christophorou, David R. James, Marshall O. Pace, Robert Y. Pai
  • Patent number: 4169985
    Abstract: There is disclosed a gas discharge device containing at least two electrodes, at least one of the electrodes being insulated from the gas by a dielectric member. There is particularly disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display/memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members, each of which is respectively backed by an array of electrodes, the electrodes behind each dielectric material member being oriented with respect to the electrodes behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge units.At least one dielectric insulating member contains a predetermined beneficial amount of a source of at least one element selected from P, As, Sb, or Bi.The selected element or elements may be utilized in any suitable form, such as a compound, mineral, and/or elemental.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 11, 1976
    Date of Patent: October 2, 1979
    Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
    Inventors: Roger E. Ernsthausen, Michael E. Fein, Bernard W. Byrum, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4166798
    Abstract: Electronegative, normally gaseous, fluorinated compounds with sulfur at valence state 2 act as good dielectric gases alone or in combination with sulfur hexafluoride. In particular bis (trifluoromethyl) sulfide has a higher dielectric strength than sulfur hexafluoride when used alone and increases dielectric strength of sulfur hexafluoride in blends.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 21, 1978
    Date of Patent: September 4, 1979
    Assignee: Allied Chemical Corporation
    Inventors: Martin J. Mastroianni, Sabatino R. Orfeo, Bernard Sukornick
  • Patent number: 4162227
    Abstract: Electrically insulating gaseous media of unexpectedly high dielectric strength comprised of mixtures of two or more dielectric gases are disclosed wherein the dielectric strength of at least one gas in each mixture increases at less than a linear rate with increasing pressure and the mixture gases are present in such proportions that the sum of their electrical discharge voltages at their respective partial pressures exceeds the electrical discharge voltage of each individual gas at the same temperature and pressure as that of the mixture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 24, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 24, 1979
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of Energy
    Inventor: Chathan M. Cooke
  • Patent number: 4159961
    Abstract: Dielectrics without any residual magnetization, produced by the technique of ceramics sintered at high temperatures, usable in devices operating at very high frequencies, such as X band. They are obtained by sintering at lower temperatures than for known dielectrics suitable for those applications and correspond to two possible general formulae:Y.sub.3-x-z Ca.sub.x+z Zr.sub.x Fe.sub.5-x-y-z Al.sub.y Me.sub.z O.sub.12where:Me= Ge, Si or Ti;x is of the order of 20.ltoreq. y.ltoreq. 20.ltoreq. z.ltoreq. 1And (1+ Y)Li.sub. 2 O; 2xZnO; (2x+ 4y)TiO.sub.2 with: 1- 0.4x- 0.6y= 0.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 4, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 3, 1979
    Assignee: Thomson-CSF
    Inventors: Roland Sroussi, Jean Nicolas, Jacques Claudon
  • Patent number: 4157975
    Abstract: The invention relates to electrical insulators having increased resistance to partial discharges and electrical equipment comprising such electrical insulators.These electrical insulators are formed of a macromolecular material in which is incorporated a chelate of general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent hydrogen or a alkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl group or a heterocyclic group containing a sulphur, oxygen or nitrogen atom, whereby said group or heterocyclic group may be substituted by one or more halogen atoms;X and Y represent oxygen or sulphur;The total number of carbon atoms in the metal chelate is between 5 and 25;M.sup.n+ stands for a metal ion, andN is an integer from 1 to 4, this enolate or thioenolate being present in said insulating material in a sufficient amount for promoting extinction of partial discharges, said amount not exceeding a value which would substantially alter the physical properties of the insulator, such as its volume resistivity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 17, 1976
    Date of Patent: June 12, 1979
    Assignee: Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche (ANVAR)
    Inventors: Jean Barge, Raymond Catte, Gilbert Chapelet, Ai Bui, Pierre Dejean, Claude Huraux, Christian Mayoux
  • Patent number: 4152282
    Abstract: A dielectric composition which may be used as an insulating silk-screening paste and is compatible with a copper-containing conductive silk-screened layer, such as used in multilayer circuit boards. The paste includes an organic carrier, a mixture of aluminum oxide, and one or more types of glass of the "short" type, of which at least one glass can be devitrified by dissolution of the aluminum oxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1977
    Date of Patent: May 1, 1979
    Assignee: U.S. Philips Corporation
    Inventors: Hugues Baudry, Marc A. Monneraye
  • Patent number: 4146665
    Abstract: There is disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display/memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members which are respectively backed by an array of conductor (electrode) members, the conductor array behind each dielectric material member being appropriately oriented with respect to the conductor array behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge volumes constituting a discharge unit, the surface of at least one dielectric material member having at least one inorganic non-oxide aluminum compound applied thereto in an amount sufficient to provide improved panel operating characteristics, especially stable panel operating voltages which do not significantly change with panel operating time.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 6, 1976
    Date of Patent: March 27, 1979
    Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
    Inventor: Roger E. Ernsthausen
  • Patent number: 4145478
    Abstract: The charge accepting capacity of electrographic dielectric coatings is improved by dispersing in an organic solvent-soluble thermoplastic insulating resin having carboxyl functionality providing an acid value of from 5-100, from 0.05-3% by weight of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 28, 1977
    Date of Patent: March 20, 1979
    Assignee: DeSoto, Inc.
    Inventor: Gerson E. Beauchamp
  • Patent number: 4141055
    Abstract: Disclosed is a crossover structure and method of fabricating such structure which contributes low capacitance to the circuit performance. The crossover utilizes a dielectric material which includes spheres of an insulating material in order to separate the conductors. In one aspect of the invention, a UV curable epoxy including hollow glass spheres is deposited on the crosspoint areas and the crossover connector deposited thereon. In another aspect of the invention, the crossover is formed with an air gap and the gap is subsequently filled with an encapsulating material including the spheres.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1977
    Date of Patent: February 20, 1979
    Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated
    Inventors: Robert W. Berry, David Feldman, Arnold Pfahnl
  • Patent number: 4140818
    Abstract: Cured insulation compositions are rendered freely strippable from the encased conductors through the use of small amounts of (a) a dialkyl tin diester, (b) N,N'-ethylene bis-stearamide or similar waxy composition, and (c) certain 3-amido-1,2,4-triazoles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 19, 1977
    Date of Patent: February 20, 1979
    Assignee: United States Steel Corporation
    Inventor: Bharat Dave
  • Patent number: 4135224
    Abstract: The dielectric material of a ceramic capacitor contains a high temperature silver doped ceramic with either no glass or with a small proportion of a low temperature glass. The ceramic component consists essentially of a lead zirconate in which from 0.07 to 0.16 molar parts of the lead are replaced by lanthanum and in which from 0.10 to 0.40 molar parts of the zirconate are replaced by titanate. The capacitors are preferably fired in a closed atmosphere at temperatures from above 2000.degree. F to 2200.degree. F. Silver containing electrodes may be employed in a monolithic capacitor of this invention, the co-fired electrode advantageously causing a silver doping of the ceramic that in turn improves the stability of capacitance with temperature and applied voltage. Bismuth trioxide is added to the green ceramic body that permits a lower firing temperature or is included in the glass formulation, in both cases the bismuth serving to accelerate a silver reaction with the ceramic at firing.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 31, 1977
    Date of Patent: January 16, 1979
    Assignee: Sprague Electric Company
    Inventor: Galeb H. Maher
  • Patent number: 4133934
    Abstract: There is disclosed a gas discharge device containing at least two electrodes, at least one of the electrodes being insulated from the gas by a dielectric member. There is particularly disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display/memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members, each of which is respectively backed by an array of electrodes, the electrodes behind each dielectric material member being oriented with respect to the electrodes behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge units.At least one dielectric insulating member contains a predetermined beneficial amount of a source of at least one element selected from Se, Te, or Po.The selected element or elements may be utilized in any suitable form, such as a compound, mineral, and/or elemental.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 16, 1973
    Date of Patent: January 9, 1979
    Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
    Inventors: Michael E. Fein, Bernard W. Byrum, Jr., Roger E. Ernsthausen
  • Patent number: 4131479
    Abstract: A transparent, complex oxide ceramic having the formula:(Sr.sub.1-x Me'.sub.x) (Li.sub.1/4 Me".sub.3/4) O.sub.3wherein x is 0.01-0.50, Me' is at least one metal selected from the group of Ca, Ba, and Pb, and Me" is Nb and/or Ta. The present ceramics can be used in the fabrication of gas discharge tubes and for infrared-ray tubes as optical devices and as substrates for higher quality electronic parts, and as an insulator for microwave frequency electronic devices.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 1977
    Date of Patent: December 26, 1978
    Assignee: Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Noboru Ichinose, Hideo Ookuma, Toshiaki Mizutani, Hideaki Hiraki
  • Patent number: 4130536
    Abstract: Moisture absorption by polymer concrete under high humidity conditions is greatly reduced by treating the concrete aggregate with a silane.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 13, 1977
    Date of Patent: December 19, 1978
    Assignee: Gould Inc.
    Inventor: David H. Reighter
  • Patent number: 4126731
    Abstract: A single crystal substrate for epitaxial growth thereon of a semiconductor layer. The substrate consisting essentially of sapphire (aluminium oxide) and at least one additive selected from a group consisting of oxides of gallium, titanium, scandium, and others. A 87 mol percent content of gallium oxide is most preferred for a silicon layer. Similarly, an additive and its content should most preferably be selected depending on the semiconductor, which may be gallium phosphide, aluminium phosphide, or zinc sulphide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 24, 1975
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1978
    Assignees: Semiconductor Research Foundation, Tohoku Metal Industries Limited
    Inventors: Jun-ichi Nishizawa, Mitsuhiro Kimura
  • Patent number: 4126568
    Abstract: Flexible polyvinyl chloride insulation for wire is made conductive at elevated temperatures activating a sensing conductor and eliminating thermostatic controls. Conduction through the insulation is imparted by adding compounds such as nonylphenoxy poly (ethyleneoxy) ethanol, certain metallic salts of alcohol sulfates, mixed ortho, parasulfonamides, and liquid crystal compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 13, 1977
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1978
    Assignee: Continental Oil Company
    Inventor: Charles H. Rogers
  • Patent number: 4121941
    Abstract: Calcined material having a composition including at least two of the components 3BaO.ZnO.Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, 3BaO.ZnO.Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, 3BaO.MgO.Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, and 3BaO.MgO.Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 and produced under optimum processing conditions as disclosed is employed for obtaining ceramics having low microwave loss with large dielectric constant and suitable for use as dielectric resonators, electrical filters, substrates, etc.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 10, 1977
    Date of Patent: October 24, 1978
    Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Syunichiro Kawashima, Masamitsu Nishida, Ichiro Ueda, Hiromu Ouchi, Shigeru Hayakawa
  • Patent number: 4121133
    Abstract: There is disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members which are respectively backed by an array of electrode (conductor) members such that each array of electrode members is insulated from the gaseous medium by a dielectric member, the electrode members behind each dielectric material member being oriented with respect to the electrode members behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge volumes, each discharge volume constituting a discharge unit, the dielectric material being selectively enriched with at least one Group IA or IIA element in an amount sufficient to provide operating voltages which are substantially uniform and which do not significantly change with time.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 9, 1973
    Date of Patent: October 17, 1978
    Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
    Inventor: Roger E. Ernsthausen
  • Patent number: 4120808
    Abstract: There is disclosed a gas discharge device containing at least two electrodes, at least one of the electrodes being insulated from the gas by a dielectric member. There is particularly disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members, each of which is respectively backed by an array of electrodes, the electrodes behind each dielectric material member being oriented with respect to the electrodes behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge volumes constituting a discharge unit.At least one dielectric insulating member contains a predetermined beneficial amount of a source of at least one member selected from boron, gallium, indium or thallium.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 15, 1976
    Date of Patent: October 17, 1978
    Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc.
    Inventors: Bernard W. Byrum, Jr., Roger E. Ernsthausen, Michael E. Fein
  • Patent number: 4120677
    Abstract: Powders of barium titanate, of an alkaline-earth-zirconate and of a cadmium containing glass are mixed with an organic binder to form a body that is subsequently fired at from 1800.degree. F to 2050.degree. F to make a glass-reacted-ceramic dielectric having a glass phase intermixed with a single titanate-zirconate phase. The omission of the conventional calcining step to obtain the single phase titanate-zirconate results in a substantial cost saving.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 26, 1976
    Date of Patent: October 17, 1978
    Assignee: Sprague Electric Company
    Inventor: Ian Burn
  • Patent number: 4119554
    Abstract: A ceramic dielectric composition is provided including 35 to 93.5% by weight of SrTiO.sub.3, 4 to 40% by weight of Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, at least 2.5% but less than 60% by weight of TiO.sub.2, and 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, of an alkali metal oxide based on the total amount of SrTiO.sub.3, Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2. The ceramic dielectric composition has a high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss and exhibits reduced variations of dielectric constant and the dielectric loss with respect to variation of an applied voltage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 10, 1977
    Date of Patent: October 10, 1978
    Assignee: TDK Electronics Co., Ltd.
    Inventor: Shinobu Fujiwara
  • Patent number: 4106075
    Abstract: The invention concerns a densely sintered ceramic dielectric with a loss factor less than or equal to 1.times.10.sup.-3 and a substantially linear temperature dependence of the capacitance based on TiO.sub.2 and/or ZrO.sub.2, and/or the compounds of TiO.sub.2, ZrO, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 and/or Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 with oxides of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or rare earth metals in the form generally used for the production of ceramic dielectrics.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 17, 1976
    Date of Patent: August 8, 1978
    Assignee: Draloric Electronic GmbH
    Inventors: Georg Baumann, Helmut Hoffmann
  • Patent number: 4104238
    Abstract: A cured, insulating, casting composition, having a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of below about 38 .times. 10.sup.-6 in./in./.degree. C and being resistant to arced sulfur hexafluoride gas, in contact with a metal surface in a sulfur hexafluoride gas environment, is made from hydantoin epoxy resin, anhydride curing agent and a filler combination of fused silica and alumina trihydrate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 23, 1976
    Date of Patent: August 1, 1978
    Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.
    Inventors: Terrence E. Chenoweth, Frederick A. Yeoman
  • Patent number: 4102696
    Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition for high frequencies consisting essentially of 83 to 99.8 wt% of a basic composition composed of 22 to 43 wt% of titanium dioxide, 38 to 58 wt% of zirconium dioxide and 9 to 26 wt% of stannic oxide, and 0.2 to 17 wt% of one or two addditives selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, cobaltic oxide and zinc oxide. The dielectric ceramic composition has high permittivity and high Q and is suitable for use as dielectric resonators in microwave bandpass filters, or as antennas employed at microwave frequencies, or as substrates for microwave circuits.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 28, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 25, 1978
    Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Masayoshi Katsube, Youhei Ishikawa, Hiroshi Tamura, Kunisabro Tomono
  • Patent number: 4102851
    Abstract: Reliability of power circuit breakers and other equipment containing parts subjected to an environment of arced sulfur hexafluoride is improved by using a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin filled with aluminum trihydrate and thickened with finely divided, highly dispersed aluminum oxide (alumina).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 22, 1977
    Date of Patent: July 25, 1978
    Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.
    Inventors: Russell M. Luck, Gordon C. Gainer
  • Patent number: 4101760
    Abstract: A refractory, granular electrically insulative composition useful as an embedding composition for electric heating coils comprises fused and granulated, possibly ground, difficultly fusible, ceramic and possibly oxide-ceramic material having polyalkylsiloxane, e.g. polymethylsiloxane, or polyarylsiloxane admixed in a proportion of from 0.5 to 5.0% added weight. Use of the composition is suitable with tubular heaters which have been produced with it and which, after manufacture and before being brought into use, have been subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of at least 65.degree. C, for a period of at least 10 minutes. An electrical heating element comprises a housing which is embedded in the composition wherein the ceramic and possibly oxide-ceramic material has been ground.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 5, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 18, 1978
    Assignee: Firma Fritz Eichenauer
    Inventor: Hanno Roller
  • Patent number: 4100089
    Abstract: An improved high voltage insulating material comprising one or more polymers and an anti-tracking and erosion inhibiting composition comprising a hydrate of alumina and one or more compounds selected from the groups consisting of nickel phosphate, phosphinic acid or a derivative thereof, phosphonous acid or a derivative thereof, and phosphonic acid or a derivative thereof. The composition functions to prevent failure by tracking and to substantially retard failure by erosion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 16, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 11, 1978
    Assignee: Raychem Corporation
    Inventors: Travers Kregg Cammack, II, David Dolph Nyberg
  • Patent number: 4098711
    Abstract: Flexible polyvinyl chloride insulation for wire is made conductive at elevated temperatures activating a sensing conductor and eliminating thermostatic controls. Conduction through the insulation is imparted by adding compounds such as nonylphenoxy (ethyleneoxy) ethanol, certain metallic salts of alcohol sulfates, mixed ortho, parasulfonamides, and liquid crystal compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 29, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 4, 1978
    Assignee: Continental Oil Company
    Inventor: Charles H. Rogers
  • Patent number: 4089813
    Abstract: Base metal electrodes are used in ceramic capacitors with a dielectric material comprising barium titanate, barium oxide, magnesium ortho-titanate, calcium titantate, and barium, strontium or calcium zirconate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 1, 1976
    Date of Patent: May 16, 1978
    Assignee: ITT Industries, Incorporated
    Inventor: John Henry Alexander
  • Patent number: 4089038
    Abstract: Dielectric powder compositions of certain alkaline earth metal zirconates and/or aluminates plus a glass, useful for forming dielectric layers in multilayer electrode/dielectric structures on an alumina substrate. Also, dispersions of such compositions in a vehicle and the resultant multilayer structures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 1976
    Date of Patent: May 9, 1978
    Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Co.
    Inventor: Rudolph J. Bacher