Abstract: A method of monitoring the pressure applied to an ostomy appliance during application to the skin, the ostomy appliance comprising an adhesive wafer comprising a backing layer facing away from the skin and an adhesive layer for attachment to the skin, the method comprising the steps of: providing sensing means capable of recording application of pressure to the wafer, applying the adhesive wafer to the skin surrounding the stoma by applying pressure to the sensing means and wafer and retrieving the recorded data from the sensing means.

Abstract: The present invention provides a white-fluorescing dye blend comprising at least one neutral blending oil, a perylene-based compound, naphthalimide-based compound, and a coumarin-based compound. This white-fluorescing dye blend has a substantial fluorescent response to illumination by the entire range of commonly available inspection lamps. The resultant blended dye is an all-purpose blend that is satisfactory for all automotive fluids and all inspection lamps.

Abstract: A wetness indicating adhesive composition comprising an adhesive base composition incorporating a fluorescing agent in the adhesive base composition that only fluoresces when wet, and not when dry. In one embodiment, the adhesive base composition may be composed of water soluble, or at least partially water soluble, components, and in another embodiment the adhesive base composition may be composed of water sensitive components as for example one or more water insoluble polymers and a surfactant. The fluorescing agent can either be dissolved or dispersed in the adhesive base composition, and is preferably a water soluble fluorescing agent that becomes visible under ultraviolet light only when an article such as a disposable diaper becomes wet.

Abstract: Composition, which includes a dye that changes color when contacted with a suitable amount of an organic substance, in conjunction with a matrix, paste, support or web, can indicate visually or photometrically the presence of the organic substance. An organic spill absorbing material may be present. For instance, the dye may be selected from the class of anthracene, azo, anthraquinone, pyrazolone, and quinone dyes, and be hydrophobic and organic oleophilic. For an example, the dye may be Oil Red “A.” The matrix, paste, support or web may include a microfiber cloth, which may be coated with an adhesive for attachment of the dye, and/or include a water-dissolving paper which may envelope the dye. A device for ascertaining whether an organic substance is present includes the dye or composition with the dye at a certain locale, and a light-transmissive pathway in communication with the location and a detection site external the location.

Abstract: A conductive electrolyte comprises an indicator dye for facilitating detection of electrolyte leakage in a high voltage electrolytic capacitor as well as for facilitating the determination as to when an electrolyte has reached a desired pH range. In a method for detecting electrolyte leakage, a capacitor comprising a flat stack of anodes enclosed in a housing with a lid and an electrolyte comprising an indicator dye is inspected for the presence of electrolyte leaking out of the capacitor. The indicator dye facilitates viewing leaking electrolyte. The indicator dye can be a coloring agent that changes the color of the electrolyte or can be a fluorescent that fluoresces when exposed to ultraviolet light. The indicator dye is also utilized as a pH indicator during the manufacture of electrolytic capacitors, wherein a base is introduced into an electrolyte having an indicator dye that changes pH when the electrolyte turns basic.

Abstract: A leak detection dye carrier is formed using a two-stage process (53). In a first stage, the dye carrier (52) is saturated with a mixture (54) of a dye powder and an evaporable solvent, such as alcohol. The solvent is permitted to evaporate leaving dispersed dye solids (56) on the dye carrier (52). In a second stage, the dye carrier (52) and dispersed dye solids (56) are immersed in a wet bath (58). The method may be a hybrid of dry and wet systems of placing dye onto a substrate carrier in which the wet bath is a mixture of a dye and a solvent, such as a system lubricant. Alternatively, the immersion of the dye carrier in the second stage may be limited in duration to prevent the dye solids in the first stage from being dissolved.

Abstract: A container including a mixture of refrigerant and leak detection dye medium is disclosed for adding to an air conditioning or refrigeration system. The container includes a storage container adapted to communicate with an air conditioning or refrigeration system for supplying material inside the container to the air conditioning or refrigeration system. A refrigerant is contained within the container, along with a leak detection dye medium. The dye medium including a dye adapted to fluoresce when exposed to incident radiation below about 500 nm. The dye medium having an initial state where at least a portion of the dye medium is in a non-liquid form separate from the refrigerant and includes a concentrated dye, and a second state where the dye is dispersed or mixed with the refrigerant. A method of forming the mixture within the container is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved device for the detection of leakage is achieved when the device includes at least two components, of which at least one is capable of migrating with the liquid within the carrier, and forming a distinct color or other detectable signal with the first component. Such device is not sensitive to normal, ambient humidity and the color signal formed is resistant to being diluted or rinsed away in cases of abundant or repeated leakage.

Abstract: Systems and methods providing for the introduction of a dye, particularly a xanthene dye, and more particularly a rhodamine dye, to liquid anhydrous ammonia to discourage theft of the anhydrous ammonia and provide for leak detection in storage vessels. The dye will stain objects which come into contact with the liquid anhydrous ammonia allowing for the detection of such contact. Generally, the staining will be visible to the naked eye, but may also fluoresce when exposed to a particular light source such as ultra violet (UV) light.

Abstract: An apparatus for adding fluid to a closed system can be connected to a service port of the system. The fluid can be added to the system by actuating valves on the system and on the fluid supply. The apparatus facilitates clean addition of the fluid to the system. The system can be a climate control system.

Abstract: An apparatus for adding fluid to a closed system can be connected to a service port of the system. The fluid can be added to the system by actuating valves on the system and on the fluid supply. The apparatus facilitates clean addition of the fluid to the system. The system can be a climate control system.

Abstract: The claims are drawn to a method of detecting seal breakage or incomplete seal formation in a package, said method comprising the steps of: (i) providing said package, prior to sealing, with a strip or ring of an indicator comprising an oxygen scavenging composition which includes a source of labile hydrogen or electrons and at least one reducible organic compound, wherein said strip or ring is located on an internal surface adjacent to where a seal is to be formed, (ii) treating the strip or ring with electromagnetic energy so as to reduce the reducible organic compound to a reduced form which is oxidizable by ground state molecular oxygen regardless of the presence of a transition metal catalyst and such that, when oxidized, there is a detectable change in a characteristic of said composition selected from the group consisting of: colour, fluorescence emission and UV-visible, infrared or near-infrared absorption, (iii) subjecting said package to a sealing process intended to seal the package, and (iv) detec

Abstract: A sampling material for a carbonyl compound in a gas comprising a reagent capable of converting a carbonyl compound to a derivative thereof supported on a cation exchanger; and a sampling cartridge for a carbonyl compound in a gas wherein a sampling material for a carbonyl compound in a gas comprising a reagent capable of converting a carbonyl compound to a derivative thereof supported on a cation exchanger is packed in a column are provided. The sampling cartridge can be used for analyzing a carbonyl compound such as formaldehyde with ease and at a high sensitivity and high accuracy, and has excellent storage stability.

Abstract: A fluorescent naphthalimide diester dye that is miscible or soluble in a variety of organic compounds such as, for example, mineral oil, polyalkylene glycols, polyolesters, motor oil, gear oil, synthetic oils, and polyalphaolefins, is provided. The fluorescent naphthalimide diester is useful as a tracer to detect leaks within a fluid systems such as, for example, refrigerant systems, transmission systems, and hydraulic systems. The fluorescent naphthalimide diester dye is comprised of a chromophore having the following structure: wherein: Z and Z′ are the same or different, and are esters attached to saturated or unsaturated linear or branched hydrocarbon chains attached thereto, having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms in length, preferably from 12 to 22 carbon atoms in length, most preferably from 16 to 20 carbon atoms in length, and from 1 to 4 double bonds, most preferably 2 to 3 double bonds.

Abstract: A leak detection dye delivery system for introducing a leak detection dye into a climate control system is described. The leak detection dye delivery system includes a canister loaded with a leak detection dye composition including dye concentrate, a lubricant, and a refrigerant.

Abstract: An additive is introduced into a fluid system and dissolved in a carrier fluid which is immiscible or slightly miscible in the fluid system, wherein the carrier fluid is subsequently removed from the fluid system. This method can be used to detect leaks, wherein an on-off UV light source, such as xenon light, can be used to detect the leak visually.

Abstract: A fluorescent dye composition for inclusion in a fluid for leak detection applications is provided which is responsive to a broad range of UVA, blue, and UVA-blue light sources. The composition comprises a mixture of a perylene dye, a naphthalimide dye, and a hydrocarbon-based fluid, wherein the combination of the perylene dye, the naphthalimide dye and the hydrocarbon-based fluid are miscible in the fluid. A fluorescent dye composition is also provided that is effective for all automotive working fluids, including heavy lubricants and transmission fluids, synthetic lubricants and internal combustion oils, refrigerants, liquid and gaseous fuels, and hydraulic fluids. A fluorescent dye composition is also provided containing only a combination of perylene dye and naphthalimide dye.

Abstract: Refrigerant compositions containing oxazolyl-coumarin dyes for leak detection under ultraviolet light, and methods for the use of such dyes in leak detection.

Abstract: A dye concentrate for introducing a leak detection dye into a climate control system is described. The dye concentrate is a mixture of a lubricant and at least 40 weight percent of a leak detection dye. The dye concentrate can be thixotropic, a paste, or a suspension. The dye concentrate can be inserted into appropriate locations within the climate control system.

Abstract: A leak detecting dye for use in heating, ventilating, air conditioning, or refrigeration systems employing a dye powder form of dyes such as naphthalimide, perylene, coumarin, and thioxanthane.The dye is formulated into a useful liquid or paste mixture by mixing the dye powder (or dye in granular or crystalline form) with a solvent, a lubricant, or a refrigerant. In liquid or paste form, it is suitable for introduction into the system.

Abstract: A dye-delivery structure for introducing a leak detection dye into a climate control system is described. The dye-delivery structure is formed by compression or molding a leak detection dye and a binding agent into a dye-delivery structure such as a tablet, sphere, pellet, or disk, which can be inserted into appropriate locations within the system.

Abstract: A tire sealant mixture contains water, mica flakes, hydrated bentonite clay, and a water-miscible carrying agent such as propylene glycol. This sealant mixture is capable of sealing a puncture caused by a 3mm diameter nail without significant pressure loss when the mixture is deployed inside the tire as a prophylactic measure against flat tires.

Abstract: A method prevents corrosion of a vessel made of a corrodible material. The vessel has a bottom which has an outer surface. The method includes detecting the appearance of water at the outer surface of the bottom of the vessel.

Abstract: A dye-delivery composition for introducing a leak detection dye into an engine oil or fuel system is described. The dye-delivery composition is a mixture of a lubricant and a leak detection dye. The dye-delivery composition can be thixotropic, a paste, a suspension, or a unitary structure. The dye-delivery composition can be inserted into appropriate locations within the engine oil or fuel system.

Abstract: An adhesive plate with an indicator function, and an indicator therefor, according to one embodiment the adhesive plate being comprised of a hydrophilic composition containing a water-soluble coloring matter such as a food color, a dye, a pigment, or metallic salt applied onto or embedded in a part or the whole of a peripheral region of the plate spaced apart from the center thereof, the water-soluble coloring matter being dissolvable in liquid excrements or exudates so as to change color and provide visible indication of the end of the usable life of the adhesive plate.

Abstract: A method prevents corrosion of a vessel made of a corrodible material. The vessel has a bottom which has an outer surface. The method includes detecting the appearance of water at the outer surface of the bottom of the vessel.

Abstract: There is provided a composition for the detection of an electrophilic gas, such as chlorodifluoromethane or carbon dioxide, which comprises a Lewis base capable of removing a proton from the gas or reacting therewith in a similar electrophilic manner; a dye capable of visibly indicating a color change on protonation or deprotonation; a solvent for the dye, the base and the gas; and a rheology modifier capable of producing a non-newtonian gel of all of these components which is sufficiently translucent to permit visual detection of change of color of the dye and of sufficient pseudoplasticity/thixotropy to provide adhesion to vertical and horizontal surfaces.

Abstract: Systems for fluids (including liquids) and materials with a fluid phase. The material is confined in a primary containment, and a secondary containment is used to keep fluid leaking from the primary containment from the surrounding environs and to keep leachates and other fluids from the primary containment. A safe, non-toxic liquid in the interspace between the two containments is employed in detecting leaks in the containments and can also be employed to protect the containments against chemical attack.

Abstract: A polyol ester or poly-alkylene glycol lubricant is tagged by adding to the lubricant a chemical marker which is stable over the temperature cycling range of a refrigerant.In testing for the presence of the marker, a sample of a lubricant is obtained, and the sample is diluted in a sufficient volume of an organic solvent such that subsequent admixture with an aqueous solution will not result in emulsification. The diluted sample is extracted with an aqueous solution appropriate for the marker. Simultaneous with or subsequent to extraction, a chromophoric reaction of the marker is induced, whereby a readily identifiable color is observable.

Abstract: Refrigerant leakage in heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems employing hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants is determined by adding a mixture of predetermined amounts of a naphthalamide optical brightener with an appropriate lubricant to the system. Inspection of the system under ultraviolet light provides an indication of any leakage occurring in the system of liquid and/or gas.

Abstract: A dye strip for tracing liquid flow comprises a water-soluble paper impregnated with tracing dye. The dye-impregnated paper is in a dry form prior to use. A process for preparing the biodegradable dye strip calls for providing a water-soluble paper, communicating the water-soluble paper with liquid dye to absorb said liquid dye into the paper and forming a resulting dye-impregnated paper. The resulting dye-impregnated paper is dried. The product can be placed into a vat containing liquid. Dye diffuses from the paper into the liquid to form dyed liquid. The flow of the dyed liquid is then observed.

Abstract: Leakage of water from a boiler water system wherein steam is generated in a boiler from feedwater fed to the boiler, and the concentration of impurities in the boiler water within the boiler is reduced by withdrawing fractions thereof as blowdown while admitting additional feedwater as boiler-water makeup, is determined. The boiler has a concentration cycle value, the concentration cycle value being the average value of the concentration of an inert component in the blowdown at steady state (C.sub.F) divided by the concentration of the inert component in the feedwater (C.sub.I). The concentration of the inert component in the boiler at steady state varies from a high concentration C.sub.H, having a value that is higher than C.sub.F, to a low concentration C.sub.L, having a value between the (C.sub.I) and the (C.sub.F), within a time period.

Abstract: A leak detectable refrigeration composition comprising an effective amount of a fluorescent, alkyl substituted perylene dye dissolved in a refrigeration oil and a polyhalogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant, is prepared for use in refrigeration systems in automobile air conditioning systems, commercial refrigeration systems, and the like. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light, there is sufficient fluorescence by the refrigeration liquid to allow one to visually detect a leak in the system due to the presence of the dye at the source of the leak. Small leaks which were previously nondetectable with dye coloring systems detectable in normal light may now be detected due to the greater visibility of the fluorescent dye under an ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A reusable indicating material for detecting leaks in sealed structures and other closed bodies comprises a fabric saturated with an indicator solution containing an acid-base indicator, a surfactant, a buffering system and a humectant. The indicator solution remains reactive when the fabric is dry to the touch and will indicate the presence of leaks in the structure being tested by changing color when a reactive gas escapes from the structure being tested. Upon removal from the tested structure the indicator material reverts to its original color and is available for subsequent tests.

Abstract: An assembly for monitoring ionising radiation which comprises coated on a base a binder layer containing a polychlorinated hydrocarbon and a color former.The assembly can be used to monitor levels of radiation of from 0.1 MRads to 10.0 MRads.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting fuel leaks employing color variable indicators. The method comprises the steps of preparing and applying a water soluble non-staining indicator dye to a test surface, observing color changes indicative of hydrocarbon leaks and removing the indicator dye from the test surface. The apparatus comprises in combination means for preparing the indicator dye, means for applying the indicator dye to the test surface and means for removing the dye from the test surface. The indicator dye comprises a major portion of a dry inert mineral carrier from about 0.1 to about 5.0 weight percent of a direct dye which is non-staining on painted surfaces and which does not migrate into or penetrate polyurethane or epoxy resin base painted surfaces, and from 0.1 to about 1.0 weight percent of a surfactant.

Abstract: A leak detectable refrigeration composition including a polyhalogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant, a refrigeration oil, or a mixture of the two having a fluorescent dye dissolved therein, is prepared for use in refrigeration systems in automobile air conditioning systems, commercial refrigeration systems, and the like. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light, there is sufficient fluoresence by the refrigeration liquid to allow one to visually detect a leak in the system due to the presence of the dye at the source of the leak. Small leaks which were previously nondetectable with dye coloring systems detectable in normal light may now be detected due to the greater visibility of the flourescent dye under an ultraviolet light.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting fuel leaks employing color variable indicators are disclosed. The method comprises the steps of preparing and applying a water soluble nonstaining indicator dye to a test surface, observing color changes indicative of hydrocarbon leaks and removing the indicator dye from the test surface. The apparatus comprises in combination means for preparing the indicator dye, means for applying the indicator dye to the test surface and means for removing the dye from the test surface. The indicator dye comprises a major portion of a dry inert mineral carrier and from about 0.1 to about 5.0 weight percent of a direct dye which is non-staining on painted surfaces and which does not migrate into or penetrate polyurethane or epoxy resin base painted surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for monitoring stored material is disclosed. Material to be stored and monitored is placed within the innermost container of a series of nested containers and monitoring fluids are circulated in a closed loop of fluid flow through the spaces between the nested containers. Monitoring devices are used to analyze said monitoring fluids to detect leakage of the stored material from the innermost nested container and to detect the migration of external fluids into the series of nested containers. A computer based monitoring system continually checks the values of various parameters of the monitoring fluids to immediately detect and report the presence of stored material or external fluid in the monitoring fluids. The stored material may then be immediately retrieved from storage to repair leaks in the series of nested containers. The invention is particularly suited for monitoring the storage of hazardous material such as radioactive waste material.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting fuel leaks employing color variable indicators. The method comprises the steps of preparing and applying a water soluble non-staining indicator dye to a test surface, observing color changes indicative of hydrocarbon leaks and removing the indicator dye from the test surface. The apparatus comprises in combination means for preparing the indicator dye, means for applying the indicator dye to the test surface and means for removing the dye from the test surface. The indicator dye comprises a major portion of a dry inert mineral carrier from about 0.1 to about 5.0 weight percent of a direct dye which is non-staining on painted surfaces and which does not migrate into or penetrate polyurethane or epoxy resin base painted surfaces, and from about 0.1 to about 1.0 weight percent of a surfactant.

Abstract: Described is a warning agent for the odorization of gaseous hydrocarbon fuels based on mixtures of at least one of the compounds, 2-methoxy-3-isobutyl pyrazine having the structure: ##STR1## and 4-methyl-4-mercapto-2-pentanone having the structure: ##STR2## with a monomercaptan or a sulfide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for insulating surfaces for the purpose of preventing or reducing occurrence of condensation on the surface, comprising applying to the surface a layer of a coating composition containing a binder and, distributed therein, granules of an expanded inorganic material having a bulk density of at least 150 kgs/m.sup.3. The invention also provides for a composition suitable for carrying out such process, comprising a binder and granules of an expanded inorganic material of the nature indicated.

Abstract: The present invention rleates to the effective leak detection of refrigerants by the addition of dyes from the general chemical class of naphthalimide fluorescent dyes in a refrigeration system where said refrigeration system employs alone, or in combination, a refrigerant in a hermetic system such as, but not limited to, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) and any hydrogen, halogenated or ether derivatives of the methane, hydrogen, halogenated, ether or cyclic derivatives of either ethane, propane, butane, pentane, mixtures of HCFC, HFC, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and ammonia.Leakage is determined by inspection of the sealed system using a lamp having an emission wavelength from 300 to 480 nanometers providing an indication of any system leakage.

Abstract: Refrigerant leakage in heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems employing hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants is determined by adding a mixture .[.of.]. .Iadd.including .Iaddend.predetermined amounts of a napthalamide optical brightner .[.with an appropriate lubricant.]. to the system. Inspection of the system under ultraviolet light provides an indication of any leakage occuring in the system of liquid and/or gas.