Abstract: A reaction apparatus comprising at least one tubular reaction unit (23), a container (41) configured to accommodate the tubular reaction unit (23) and a temperature control medium (51) used in heat exchange with the tubular reaction unit (23), and a nozzle (31) configured to eject the temperature control medium (51) toward the tubular reaction unit (23) in the container. The reaction apparatus further comprising a movable part (34) configured to adjust an ejection direction of the nozzle (31) is preferred. The reaction apparatus allows for effectively performing the temperature control even when the tubular reaction unit is immersed in a temperature control medium.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally relate to apparatus having a canister with a sidewall, a top, and a bottom forming a canister volume. An inlet line and an outlet line is coupled to the top and is in fluid communication with the canister volume. A plate disposed within the canister volume forms a headspace volume below the plate. Each of the inlet line and the outlet line is in fluid communication with the headspace volume. The apparatus includes standoffs extending from a lower surface of the plate. The standoffs include a lower surface area substantially parallel with the plate.

Abstract: A bubble maker includes a pressurized container; a liquid storage bag; a bubble generator; and a drainage tube connecting the liquid storage bag and the bubble generator. The liquid storage bag is configured to store a bubble solution. The drainage tube is configured to convey the bubble solution to the bubble generator; and the bubble generator is configured to convert the bubble solution into bubbles. The liquid storage bag includes elastic material and is disposed in the pressurized container. The pressured container includes a fluid inlet so that a fluid is introduced to the pressured container via the fluid inlet to squeeze the liquid storage bag, and thus the bubble solution in the liquid storage bag is squeezed into the bubble generator via the drainage tube.

Abstract: The present technology relates generally to cough-assist devices with humidified cough assistance. In one example, a system includes a cough-assist device having a first phase configured to provide insufflating gas to a patient circuit and a second phase configured to draw exsufflating gas from the patient circuit. A humidifier is disposed between the cough-assist device and a distal end of the patient circuit, the humidifier including a chamber configured to contain heated water and fluidically coupled to the cough-assist device and the patient circuit. The system further includes a bypass configured to (a) direct insufflating gas from the cough-assist device through a first route to the patient circuit such that the insufflating gas is humidified in the chamber, and (b) route exsufflating gas from the patient circuit through a second route to the cough-assist device such that the exsufflating gas bypasses the chamber.

Abstract: An aerator device and a filter system including the same are provided. The aerator device includes: a housing having an inner cavity defined therein, the housing including at least one sidewall and an upper surface connected to the at least one sidewall; a first partition formed within the inner cavity and extending from an upper end to a lower end to define a first cavity and a second cavity; and a second partition formed within the inner cavity between the first partition and a first sidewall of the at least one sidewall and extending from an upper end to a lower end to define a first chamber and a second chamber of the second cavity, and the housing includes an inlet opening communicating with the first cavity and an outlet opening communicating with the second chamber, and the second chamber gradually narrows towards the upper surface of the housing.

Abstract: An aromatherapy device comprises a housing and an atomizing device configured for atomizing essential oil to be sprayed out, the housing is provided with a receiving chamber configured for fittingly receiving the atomizing device, and the receiving chamber is provided therein with an pop-up mechanism configured for launching the atomizing device out. The aromatherapy device provided in the present application is provided with a receiving chamber in the housing, and the receiving chamber is used to receive the atomizing device, such that the atomizing device can be quickly hidden inside the receiving chamber when used, and the atomizing device can be detachably connected to the housing to prevent the atomizing device from being damaged by touching.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe an aquaculture environment control system comprising one or more control apparatuses positioned within a vessel at an angle relative to a proximal vessel wall and configured for scouring of the vessel, wherein each control apparatus has a discharge conduit and each discharge conduit has one or more orifices; and a fluid source in fluid communication with each of the control apparatuses. Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a method of controlling an aquaculture environment comprising supplying one or more of a fluid and gas to a control apparatus positioned within a vessel at an angle relative to a proximal vessel wall; and discharging one or more of the fluid and gas from the control apparatus at a fluid velocity sufficient for scouring of the vessel.

Abstract: A growing device (mini-greenhouse) comprising a dome for growing crops therein and a light module operably installed on an exterior of the dome for projecting a light beam onto the crops. The dome comprises one or more openings/cutouts therein poisoned at locations that match the locations of corresponding lights of the light module such that the path of the light beam is unobstructed by the material of the dome. The light module is configured to dissipate the heat generated by the lights away from the dome, whereby the base portion of the light which includes the necessary circuitry is contained within the light module and the light beam projected in the dome is either reflected by a protruding reflector that penetrates the dome or a flat reflector that projects the light through the opening. The light module may include vents and/or fans for dissipating the heat into the atmosphere.

Abstract: The device (1) comprises a steam generator (2, 4), a compressed-air generator (9, 11) and a dispensing wand (10) connected or adapted to be connected to the steam generator (2, 4) and the compressed-air generator (9, 11) and adapted to be introduced into a receptacle (R) containing the milk (M) to be heated and frothed. The dispensing wand (10) defines first and second conduits (21, 22) separate from each other and having respective separate inlets (10a, 10b) for connection to the steam generator (2, 4) and the compressed-air generator (9, 11), respectively, as well as respective separate outlets (10c, 23; 10d, 24) for dispensing during use a flow of steam and a flow of compressed air, respectively, within the milk (M) contained in the receptacle (R), said outlets (23, 24) being arranged such that the flows of steam and compressed air exiting therefrom intersect each other.

Abstract: A method for extracting and detecting volatile organic compounds includes steps as follows. At least one effervescent tablet is provided, wherein the effervescent tablet is produced by mixing an acidic compound and an alkaline compound homogeneously. An extraction and detection apparatus is provided, wherein the extraction and detection apparatus includes an extraction chamber, an injection tube and a detection instrument. An extraction step is performed, wherein a liquid matrix is put into the extraction chamber, and the effervescent tablet is added into the liquid matrix to generate bubbles, the volatile organic compounds are extracted from the liquid matrix by the bubbles, and the bubbles enter into the headspace of the extraction chamber. A detection step is performed, wherein the volatile organic compounds extracted during the extraction step are transferred to the detection instrument via the injection tube so as to detect the volatile organic compounds.

Abstract: A cleaning water supply device includes an ultrapure water line through which ultrapure water flows by a fixed amount, a production unit that produces cleaning water by adding a solute to the ultrapure water line by a fixed amount, a storage tank for the cleaning water, cleaning machines to which the cleaning water is supplied from the storage tank, and a controller that controls the cleaning water production unit so that a water level in the storage tank is in a predetermined range.

Abstract: Provided is a container for liquids associated with a carbonator is provided including a base, a containment body, the container body and the base defining a first inner volume for a liquid, and an opening closable by a cap, configured to allow access to the liquid in the first inner volume, and wherein the base includes constraining means for a gas container having a second inner volume for the gas, a connection configured to place in fluidic connection the second inner volume with the first inner volume, a valve configured to obstruct or free the connection, and control means configured to control from outside the inner volume of the valve, and wherein the connection is separate from the opening.

Abstract: Techniques for controlling a solid fuel combustion appliance, e.g., a wood burning stove, are disclosed. A control system measures an exhaust gas temperature of airflow through an outlet of the solid fuel combustion appliance. The control system determines a derivative of the exhaust gas temperature with respect to time. The derivative of the exhaust gas temperature with respect to time is compared to a predetermined threshold. The control system modulates the inlet damper in response to determining that the derivative of the exhaust gas temperature with respect to time reaches the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: The invention provides a carbonation tank assembly for admixing a gas and a potable liquid used in preparation of drinks. The assembly includes a tank body with an interior that can be easily accessed for cleaning and repair purposes by removing upper and lower end plates securely and sealing fitted by gaskets to the upper and lower ends of the tank. The interior is connected to a liquid source for supplying liquid, a gas source for carbonating the liquid, and drawing means for dispensing carbonated liquid from the interior of the tank.

Abstract: A self-carbonating beverage container includes a beverage can housing adapted to hold a fixed portion of liquid. A carbonating gas bottle containing carbonating gas stored under pressure has a breakable seal through which the carbonating gas is released. The carbonating gas bottle is attached to the can. A spout is attached to the can such that one end of the spout is introduced into the beverage can housing and the other end of the spout has a puncturing mechanism facing the breakable seal of the carbonating gas bottle. Actuating the puncturing mechanism enables the carbonating gas to flow into the beverage can housing.

Abstract: A gas dissolution accelerating device with a simple structure efficiently increases the concentrations of oxygen dissolved in deep water, such as at lake bottoms. A gas dissolution accelerating device includes a cylindrical member located parallel to a vertical direction when installed, a box member having an opening facing downward when installed, and a fixing unit for fixing the box member to a diffuser. The box member includes a top plate having a cone-shaped protrusion protruding inward and a through-hole receiving the cylindrical member. The fixing unit includes a flat attachment plate having an upper surface onto which the box member is mounted, a pair of halved banding members for clamping a feeding pipe of the diffuser, and rod-shaped connecting members connecting the attachment plate to the banding members.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and a system for removing sulfur dioxide from a feed gas stream. In the process the feed gas pre-scrubbed. Then SO2 is absorbed from the gas with an absorbing medium. The spent absorbing medium is regenerated. These process steps are interchanged with a caustic treatment in the pre-scrubbing zone in case of a very high SO2 content in the feed gas stream. The system comprises a pre-scrubbing unit, an absorption unit, and a regeneration unit. The system is characterized in that the pre-scrubber unit comprises an inlet for an aqueous solution comprising a strong base. These are a simple, cost-efficient and reliable process and facility for processing gas with a varying SO2 content.

Abstract: An active mesh nebulizer is used to generate a distribution of liquid particles or droplets having a diameter ranging from about 0.5 to about 5 micrometers (?m). Delivery and ingestion, by inhalation, of ethyl alcohol solution particles leads to rapid uptake of the alcohol solution by brain tissue, and avoids damage to the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and/or peripheral nervous system consistent with drinking ethyl alcohol. A brain effect of ethyl alcohol absorbed through alveoli in the lung occurs within less than 60 seconds, and body effects of alcohol consumption are reduced or eliminated. Delivery of ethyl alcohol to a user by absorption through alveoli provides a user with a brain effect while allowing tissue damage from drinking alcohol to heal. A lock out barcoded capsule containing ethyl alcohol, tethered to a smartphone application, prevents unauthorized use by non-designated users, or abuse by a designated user.

Abstract: In the method for manufacturing a glass-fine-particle-deposited body according to the present invention, at least a part of a gas supplying pipe 25 from a temperature controlled booth 24 to a burner 18 for cladding is temperature-controlled so that the temperature at the burner side becomes high and temperature gradient becomes 5° C./m or more. The temperature control is performed so that the temperature gradient becomes preferably 15° C./m or more, more preferably 25° C./m or more. Specifically, the part is controlled to the predetermined temperature gradient by winding a tape heater 26 that is a heating element on the outer circumference of the gas supplying pipe 25 from the temperature controlled booth 24 to the burner 18 for cladding and temperature-controlling the tape heater 26.

Abstract: Device, comprising a platform for placing a vessel containing the liquid, a pipe with an open end configured for supplying steam to the vessel, a driving device configured to actuate a relative movement between the end of the pipe and the platform, means for determining a liquid level of the liquid in the vessel, and a control unit. The control unit is configured to actuate the driving device so that a relative initial position between the end of the pipe and the platform is assumed on the basis of the liquid level. The means for determining the liquid level comprise a weighing device. The control unit is then configured to determine the liquid level from the weight.

Abstract: A system for preparing an individual serving of coffee using a liquid coffee concentrate includes a sealed container containing an amount of liquid coffee concentrate for the preparation of an individual serving of coffee. The system may include a coffee maker operable to prepare a single serving of coffee from the liquid coffee concentrate contained in the sealed container, the coffee maker including a coffee maker recess for receiving the sealed container, a needle for piercing an entrance hole in an upper portion of the sealed container while the sealed container is in the coffee maker recess, a water conduit by which water from a water source flows into the sealed container through the entrance hole, and a heater for heating the water. The system may include an adapter for receiving the sealed container and positioning the sealed container in the coffee maker recess.

Abstract: A system including a quench system that may cool a syngas generated in a gasification chamber. The quench system includes a quench chamber, a dip tube that may direct the syngas from the gasification chamber into a quench liquid in the quench chamber to cool the syngas and to generate a first cooled syngas, and a draft tube disposed circumferentially about the dip tube and configured to receive the first cooled syngas in a first direction along a first passage. The first passage is disposed between a first wall of the dip tube and a second wall of the draft tube. The quench system also includes a droplet tube that may receive the first cooled syngas from the first passage. The droplet tube includes a third wall that may redirect a flow of the first cooled syngas in a second direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: A system and an associated method for starting up stirring machines in a sediment in a controlled manner are provided, which system has the following: a container for receiving materials to be processed; a stirring device with stirring blades for stirring the materials to be processed in the container; a purging device; and a device for operating stirring machines. The purging device is arranged in such a way and set up so as to feed a medium for purging to a deposited sediment. Furthermore, a controller is provided which initiates controlled re-starting of stirring machines after purging.

Abstract: A heating vaporization system provided with: a container that heats and vaporizes a source to produce source gas; a pipe for leading out the source gas; a sensor flow path that is provided in the pipe; a flow rate detecting part that is provided with a thermal type flow rate sensor provided in the sensor flow path, and measures a flow rate of the source gas flowing through the pipe; a flow rate regulating part that regulates the flow rate of the source gas flowing through the pipe located upstream of the flow rate detecting part; and a control part that uses a result of the detection by the flow rate detecting part to control the flow rate regulating part.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus for generating a processing gas by bubbling a raw material liquid with a carrier gas. The processing gas generated by the bubbling is taken out from a vapor-phase portion above a liquid-phase portion of the raw material liquid through a taking-out unit. A first temperature adjusting unit performs a temperature adjustment of the liquid-phase portion and a second temperature adjusting unit performs a temperature adjustment of the vapor-phase portion such that the temperature of the vapor-phase portion is higher than the temperature of the liquid-phase portion.

Abstract: A system includes a quench system that may cool a syngas generated in a gasification chamber. The quench system includes a quench chamber, a dip tube that may direct the syngas from the gasification chamber into a quench liquid to cool the syngas to generate a cooled syngas, a draft tube disposed circumferentially about the dip tube and that may receive the cooled syngas in a first direction. A first passage is disposed between a first wall of the dip tube and a second wall of the draft tube. The system also includes a first baffle that may receive the cooled syngas from the first passage. The first baffle may split a flow of the cooled syngas into a first syngas flow and a second syngas flow, and the first baffle may redirect the first syngas flow in a second direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: A system including a quench system that may cool a syngas generated in a gasification chamber. The quench system includes a quench chamber, a dip tube that may direct the syngas from the gasification chamber into a quench liquid to cool the syngas to generate a cooled syngas, and a draft tube disposed circumferentially about the dip tube and that may receive the cooled syngas. A passage is disposed between a first wall of the dip tube and a second wall of the draft tube, and the draft tube includes a tapered configuration in a flow direction along the passage.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to a mixing at least one material with at least one other material within an in-line mixing device. In one example embodiment methods, apparatuses, and systems are described to treat, reuse or otherwise remediate dredged or raw material from bottom sediment or other sources through the mixture of raw material and another material such as a hardening agent into a homogenous material for contamination remediation, use as construction materials or other uses.

Abstract: A method of compressing a gas includes maintaining a first volume of liquid in a first high pressure chamber and maintaining a first volume of gas in a second high pressure chamber, wherein the first volume of gas is at a first pressure and the first high pressure chamber and the second high pressure chamber are fluidly connected through a high pressure pump. A pressurized gas is forced into the first high pressure chamber having the first volume of liquid and simultaneously pumping, using the high pressure pump, at least a portion of the first volume of liquid in the first high pressure chamber to the second high pressure chamber, wherein the first volume of liquid pumped into the second high pressure chamber compresses the first volume of gas in the second high pressure chamber to a second pressure greater than the first pressure.

Abstract: Systems, methods and cartridges for carbonating or otherwise dissolving gas in a precursor liquid, such as water, to form a beverage. A gas source can be provided in a cartridge which is used to generate gas that is dissolved into the precursor liquid. A beverage medium, such as a powdered drink mix or liquid syrup, may be provided in the same, or a separate cartridge as the gas source and mixed with the precursor liquid to form a beverage. The use of one or more cartridges for the gas source and/or beverage medium may make for an easy to use and mess-free system for making sparkling beverages, e.g., in the consumer's home.

Abstract: A controlled, high throughput custom foam generator is disclosed which has the ability to generate foam with varying cell characteristics. The generated foam can be two or three dimensional with controlled gas volume ratio, void sizes, placement and distribution in a matrix. Additionally the device can create individual bubbles or bubble strings. The device streams two or more fluids creating one or more virtual orifices that generate uni modal bubbles displaying crystalline behavior. Unlike known prior art, the device embodies simple controls to easily alter and scale the nature of generated foam. The generator can be single, or be part of an array of generators. The ability to easily alter the resulting bubble and cell composition allows the creation of engineered foams of any structure and packing with controlled foam features such as weight, strength, opacity and persistence; thus making it suitable for a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: An automatic coffee machine including a hydraulic circuit having a fixed terminal piece, for supplying water and/or steam, accessible from a front wall of the machine at a distance above a resting surface of the machine. Also included is a dispenser extending frontally of the front wall, comprising a hollow body having a first longitudinal portion, and a second longitudinal portion rigidly connected to the first longitudinal portion and developing along a second longitudinal axis transverse to a first longitudinal axis of the first longitudinal portion. The first longitudinal portion has a first longitudinal end conformed for a rigid, removable hydraulic and mechanical connection with the fixed terminal piece and a second longitudinal end distal from the front wall, wherefrom the second longitudinal portion extends. The second longitudinal portion slidingly supports along the axis thereof an extension for regulating a dispensing distance from the resting surface.

Abstract: Systems, methods and cartridges for carbonating a precursor liquid, such as water, to form a beverage. A carbon dioxide source can be provided in a cartridge which is used to generate carbon dioxide gas that is dissolved into the precursor liquid. A beverage medium, such as a powdered drink mix or liquid syrup, may be provided in the same, or a separate cartridge as the carbon dioxide source and mixed with the precursor liquid to form a beverage. The use of one or more cartridges for the carbon dioxide source and/or beverage medium may make for an easy to use and mess-free system for making carbonated beverages, e.g., in the consumer's home.

Abstract: Provided are a treatment method for a barren solution, and a treatment device for a barren solution, with which hydrogen sulfide can be efficiently removed from the barren solution. In an aeration tank provided with a vertical-type cylindrical reaction vessel, stirring blades arranged in the reaction vessel, and an annular aeration tube having a large number of air outlets, which is arranged to a bottom part of the reaction vessel, aeration is performed by blowing gas for aeration into the reaction vessel from a large number of air outlets of the aeration tube while stirring a liquid by rotation of the stirring blades.

Abstract: A water aeration diffuser has a base with an internal cavity defining an air pocket, and a ceramic plate removably attached to the base. The base is in flow communication with air supply such that air is received in the cavity and then diffused by the ceramic plate to create an aeration column in a body of water. To allow for repair and servicing, the ceramic plate is removably attached to the base by one or more fasteners. The base includes a perimeter lip around its top portion that supports the ceramic plate and maximizes the exposed surface area of the plate. A water and air-tight gasket is provided between the lip and the ceramic plate. An eye-bolt may be provided through the ceramic plate and attached to the base to provide an attachment point for a ballast or other means used to position the diffuser.

Abstract: In the method for manufacturing a glass-fine-particle-deposited body according to the present invention, at least a part of a gas supplying pipe 25 from a temperature controlled booth 24 to a burner 18 for cladding is temperature-controlled so that the temperature at the burner side becomes high and temperature gradient becomes 5° C./m or more. The temperature control is performed so that the temperature gradient becomes preferably 15° C./m or more, more preferably 25° C./m or more. Specifically, the part is controlled to the predetermined temperature gradient by winding a tape heater 26 that is a heating element on the outer circumference of the gas supplying pipe 25 from the temperature controlled booth 24 to the burner 18 for cladding and temperature-controlling the tape heater 26.

Abstract: A water recycler is designed to recycle waste water from a drip-type humidifying system. A water reservoir is provided with an opening to accept a drain line from the existing humidifier system. Additional fresh water is added into the reservoir to maintain a preset level via a float valve. The system is further provided with an internal pump which is activated by an existing furnace switch. The pump draws water from the reservoir and supplies it to the humidifier for reuse. As water is consumed by the humidifier, it is replenished by the fresh water system to ensure an adequate supply of water at all times.

Abstract: The invention is a method of air humidification and injection delivery that humidifies air to a specific selected relative humidity and injects the humidified air into a container to establish the specific selected relative humidity throughout the container. The method includes the facilitation of ambient supply air into a liquid medium for humidification to a specific selected relative humidity. The resulting humidified air is released from the liquid medium and routed for injection into the container. The injected humidified air infiltrates the container and sustains the selected relative humidity throughout the container. Contents of the container are thus maintained at the selected relative humidity.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating and frothing a beverage product, in particular milk, comprises a steam generator, a compressed air source, an air supply conduit connected to the compressed air source to supply air from the compressed air source to the steam generator, and a steam/air conduit connected to the steam generator to supply a steam/air mixture from the steam generator into the beverage product.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for vacuum recovery of hazardous acidic liquids. A novel neutralizing canister (100) passes liquid recovery air through a bed of a combination of solid neutralizing particles (30) and water. The velocity of the air is sufficient to lift the water from the bed and highly agitate and aerate the water. At the same time, the water is allowed to circulate through the neutralizing particles (30) to maintain a high pH. This action increases the effectiveness of the neutralizing particles (30) such that the air leaving the canister (100) is entirely neutralized and harmless to persons and equipment.

Abstract: A technique for forming an organic polymer thin film on a surface of a substrate with high film formation efficiency and excellent reproducibility and stability is provided. When a vacuum deposition polymerization for forming an organic polymer thin film is performed on a surface of a substrate repeatedly, in which a plurality of kinds of monomers evaporated in a plurality of evaporation source containers in vacuum state are introduced into a deposition chamber in a vacuum state and polymerized on a surface of the substrate arranged in the deposition chamber, each of the monomers in a liquid form is present in the evaporation source containers in a constant amount every time, at the beginning of the evaporation operation of monomers.

Abstract: A method of filling a canister containing activated carbon having a first temperature with a propellant gas, wherein the method includes (a) providing a volume of liquefied propellant gas at a second temperature and a first elevated pressure that prevents it from evaporating; (b) evacuating the canister to create a vacuum within the canister, thereby cooling the activated carbon to a third temperature lower than the second temperature; (c) injecting the volume of liquefied propellant gas into the canister at a second elevated pressure that prevents it from evaporating; and (d) allowing the liquefied propellant gas to evaporate, consuming energy as evaporation heat, the energy being generated due to the propellant gas being adsorbed by the activated carbon, thereby reducing the heating of the activated carbon.

Abstract: A canister includes an accommodation portion for accommodating a liquid material; an outlet pipe that is connected to the accommodation portion so as to discharge a gas material obtained by vaporizing the liquid material; a blocking cover that is connected to an upper surface of the accommodation portion; and a plurality of baffle plates that are disposed in the accommodation portion and are spaced apart from each other. The canister further includes a restrictor including a main body member that is disposed between the plurality of baffle plates and the blocking cover and is connected to an internal surface of the accommodation portion, an extension member extending from the main body member, and a through portion that is formed through the main body member and the extension member. A deposition procedure using the canister is efficiently performed and characteristics of a deposition layer are easily improved.

Abstract: A clothes dryer is provided, the dryer comprising a drum, an intermediate air channel, a lint compartment, a lint collector, an outlet pipe, a moisture trap and pump, a heating element, and a fan, these several components being coupled together and defining a closed loop wherein air flows through the loop in response to operation of the fan. Upon operation of the dryer, the fan begins to force air through the closed loop and the heating element heats the air to within a predetermined temperature range at which point the heating element turns off and the dryer operates to dry the clothes by recycling the heated air through the closed loop over and over again until the clothes within the dryer are dry. Should the air temperature within the loop fall below the predetermined range, the heating element can intermittently activate to heat the air back to within the range.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus that humidifies air to a selected relative humidity and injects the humidified air into a container to establish the selected relative humidity throughout the container. The apparatus facilitates ambient supply air into a vessel for humidification to a selected relative humidity. The resulting humidified air is purged from the vessel and routed for injection into the container. The injected humidified air infiltrates the container and sustains the selected relative humidity throughout the container. Contents of the container are thus maintained at the selected relative humidity.

Abstract: A fragrancing system for a motor vehicle, having a housing, in which a replaceable fragrance storage container is inserted, which has an opening for dispensing a fragrance which is covered by a closure mechanism which frees the opening for dispensing of the fragrance when actuated by an actuator. In a fragrancing system which is of simple construction and nevertheless operates reliably, the housing is provided with a cover, which for introduction of the fragrance storage container is mounted so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation into a housing interior, wherein when the fragrance storage container is introduced it is locked by the cover.

Abstract: Condensing apparatuses and their use in various heat and mass exchange systems are generally described. The condensing apparatuses, such as bubble column condensers, may employ a heat exchanger positioned external to the condensing vessel to remove heat from a bubble column condenser outlet stream to produce a heat exchanger outlet stream. In certain cases, the condensing apparatus may also include a cooling device positioned external to the vessel configured and positioned to remove heat from the heat exchanger outlet stream to produce a cooling device outlet stream. The condensing apparatus may be configured to include various internal features, such as a vapor distribution region and/or a plurality of liquid flow control weirs and/or chambers within the apparatus having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5. A condensing apparatus may be coupled with a humidifier to form part of a desalination system, in certain cases.

Abstract: A separation system is presented that partitions a slurry containing a plurality of particles that are influenced by a fluidization flow (which comprises teeter water and gas bubbles) and a fluidized bed. The separation system comprises a separation tank, a slurry feed distributor, a fluidization flow manifold and a gas introduction system. All of these components are arranged to create the fluidized bed in the separation tank by introducing the slurry through the slurry feed distributor and allowing the slurry to interact with the fluidization flow that enters the separation tank from the fluidization flow manifold. The gas introduction system is configured to optimize the gas bubble size distribution in the fluidization flow. The gas introduction system comprises a gas introduction conduit and a bypass conduit. The gas introduction system can be adjusted by modulating the flow of teeter water through the gas introduction conduit.

Abstract: A mixing vessel (10) for containing a liquid, comprises a chamber having a lower chamber portion and an upper chamber portion wider than the lower portion, gas inlet means (14) for supplying gas to the lower portion and means for redirecting rising gas (24), such that, in use, rising gas in the form of bubbles, initially rises substantially vertically and is redirected in a substantially horizontal direction by the means for redirecting rising gas.

Abstract: A contact reaction tower, including: a central cylinder; and an outer cylinder. Lift pipes and a water inlet pipe(s) are installed in the central cylinder, reflux windows are formed on the wall of the central cylinder, and the water flow circulation between the central cylinder and the outer cylinder is realized through the lift pipes, the water inlet pipe(s), and the reflux windows, such that the water flow internal circulation of the whole contact reaction tower is realized. The contact reaction tower is sealed in its entirety from the outside environment, and a gas guide pipe is installed at the top of the contact reaction tower.