Abstract: Process for sewage treatment by the travelling contact filter method. Buoyant filter media made of synthetic resin material are filled in a sewage tank and agitated by means of an agitating means to bring them into close contact with the sewage and air. Various forms of filter media and agitating means are proposed.

Abstract: A fluid injection packing support with improved directional fluid flow characteristics, increased strength, rigidity and load carrying capacity includes a plurality of adjoining elongated hollow sections extending across a tower chamber and supported at opposite ends by a ledge fixed to the wall around the chamber. Each section has a spaced pair of inclined sidewalls diverging downwardly from an upper arched top wall portion to adjacent horizontal wall portions extending to adjoining short vertical wall portions. The inclined and horizontal wall portions have apertures with smoothly curved entrances and raised flange portions extending around and projecting to more sharply defined exit ends of the apertures which not only strengthens the wall and section but provides low resistance to the entrance and flow of the counter flowing fluids in one direction and greater resistance to the entrance and flow of the counter flowing fluids from the opposite exit ends of the apertures.

Abstract: A CHD reactor is modified to include a feed nozzle arrangement which hydrogen-saturates the charged liquid before distribution across the fixed catalyst bed by a pair of gas/liquid distributor trays. Product is recovered from the catalyst bed through an apparatus arrangement comprising Glitsch grid to maintain low pressure drop in the system.

Abstract: A generally hollow packing element of relatively high surface area having a plurality of open end tubes situated radially within and connected to one another. At least two of the tubes have walls with or without openings therein extending around and inclined relative to each other and at an angle to a central axis of the body. A plurality of ribs are angularly spaced around the axis and include ribs extending between the walls, ribs projecting from and beyond an end of an outer tube and ribs extending from the central axis which divide the body into a plurality of sectors and chambers. Whether stacked or randomly dumped into a vessel the majority of the surface area of the body is inclined and neither parallel nor normal to the axis of the element or the vessel.

Abstract: A bed for the treatment of fluids comprising a plurality of packing units. Each packing unit has a plurality of fins disposed around an axis lying substantially in the plane of each of the fins. The fins are held in a spaced relationship to one another by at least one generally annular reinforcing member between each angularly adjacent pair of fins in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis. The outward facing edges of the fins are serrated.

Abstract: The use of lightweight, elastomeric closed-cell foam elements can be of particular advantage in countercurrent flow gas-liquid contactors in order to provide aeratable non-breakable forms of mobile contacting surfaces. In particular, the use of elastomeric, spherical form, closed-cell foam elements made from heating and post curing a blend of nitrile polymer and polyvinyl chloride can provide resilience to preclude sphere breakage and also provide for softness and flexibility to effect self-cleaning characteristics.

Abstract: A blood oxygenator wherein blood and oxygen are admixed by flowing blood, into which has been introduced bubbles of oxygen, through a three dimensional, open cellular mixing material having a substantial void volume. In one embodiment, the admixing chamber is provided by an upright cylinder having an open interior. In a second embodiment, the chamber has an annular interior configuration. In both embodiments, the open cellular mixing material completely fills the cross-sectional interior of the chamber. The resulting arterialized blood and blood foam rise to the top of the admixing chamber and are contained in a channel located at the top of the chamber and directed through this channel to the input of a defoamer chamber. A defoamer filter of annular configuration is retained within the defoamer chamber such that the defoamer inlet is located at the top of the defoamer filter within the interior annular space thereof.

Abstract: A sulphur-burning and gaseous products absorption system incorporating control means to establish generation of sulphur dioxide at a rate which is compatible with the capacity of absorption means for absorption of the gases by water, together with controls which make the system fail-safe even when unattended. In order to provide an absorption efficiency compatible with clean air standards, a unique absorption tower is provided, together with pre-cooling means further to improve the absorption tower efficiency. Further, the control efficiency and the purity of the product are improved by ebullition control. A unique joint is provided for sealing the sulphur-burning tower against undesirable leakage which also enables this tower readily to be disassembled for maintenance and repair.

Abstract: A tower-packing support plate is made from intermittently expanded sheet metal by braking the metal in non-expanded areas to form a plate with an undulating cross-section.Tower-packing support plates of different heights are assembled in a single tower.Tower-packing support plates, whether assembled from sections of the same or different heights, are assembled with the meeting edges of the sections directed upwardly.

Abstract: A reactor for use in analysis of polluted liquids, having a housing partitioned into an inner flow passage communicated with an inlet, and an outer flow passage surrounding the inner flow passage and flow connected therewith. A packing material is arranged in the inner and outer flow passages to define an inlet plenum zone in the inner passage. Means are provided for heating the packing material to a temperature at which a liquid sample is vaporized in the inlet plenum zone and reacts with a gas while flowing therewith through the inner and outer passage to an outlet of the outer passage.

Abstract: A material is provided for use as a tower packing and/or as the separation medium in mist eliminators. Also provided are methods for producing the new material. The new material is comprised of woven strands, or at least two sets of strands interleaved together in directions perpendicular to each other, with the strands in either the warp or filling direction being essentially straight, while those in the other direction are geometrically reoriented or otherwise configured through the straight strands in a specific manner and, preferably, joined together at intersecting points, to produce a material having substantial thickness in cross section. All of the individual strands of the material, when placed for use, will be essentially perpendicular to the fluid flow being treated. As a result, the material of the invention provides a substantial increase in the void fraction for mist elimination and a substantial increase in impact contact surfaces for tower packing applications.

Abstract: Apparatus suitable for oxidizing a metal halide in the vapor phase wherein at least part of the wall of the reaction zone is formed from crimped annular plates separated by uncrimped annular plates to form orifices through which at least one of the reactants can be introduced into the reaction zone.

Abstract: A device having an open top container holding a quantity of a volatile paste like material within the interior of the container, which material is intermittently dispensed in vapor form to the ambient atmosphere. An electric circuit controlled motor is intermittently energized at predetermined time intervals to rotate a fan in the device for specific time periods to direct currents of air onto the exposed surface of the paste and transform the paste into vapor that is discharged outwardly from the container.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for treating liquor containing biodegradable wastes wherein the liquor is first delivered to a quiescent settling zone and then to an aeration zone. The aeration liquor is delivered downwardly through a column of submerged fixed media having a high surface area to volume ratio so that aerobic microorganisms can grow on their surface. The liquor is recirculated through the aeration zone and fixed media, and is withdrawn from the unit after treatment.