Abstract: A method of strengthening the neck portion of a hollow blow-molded bottle-shaped container of a biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate resin, which has the steps of heating the neck portion from 140.degree. to 170.degree. C., inserting a die pin of a predetermined shape into the opening of the neck portion, blowing cooling air to the neck portion, thereby shrinking and whitening the neck portion. Thus, the method prevents improper shrinkage deformation of the neck portion due to the thermal influence of the bottle-shaped container.

Abstract: The process for producing a shaped article comprising a polythene terephthalate (PETP) core containing from 0 to 50% of mineral fillers and a covering layer of a second thermoplastics material having a softening point below that of the PETP. The second material and the PETP are injected one after the other into a mould which is maintained at a temperature below the crystallization point of the PETP having regard to its fillers. The second material injected in the first phase acts as a thermal buffer slowing down temperature equalization between the PETP injected in the second injection phase and the mould, thus ensuring the required properties in the PETP core.

Abstract: Method for the stabilization of molded parts. Stabilization is achieved for parts ejected from a molding machine, by immersing the parts in a fluid medium during the course of their conveyance from a molding site. The result is thermal and/or fluid modification which gives stability to the parts, allowing them to be controllably conveyed away for further processing. This can permit early ejection of parts from the molding machine and enhance production capacity.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of making socketed pipe-fittings of synthetic plastics material by injection moulding. Prior to starting the injection moulding process a sealing ring is held in somewhat pinched condition with reduced outer diameter at the level of means to be formed on the socket for receiving the sealing ring. During the injection moulding process the sealing ring is held in this condition and is isolated from the moulding cavity. After sufficient, but incomplete cooling of the socket formed, the sealing ring receiving means are partially and temporarily deformed, and the sealing ring is released to enable it to spring into the partially deformed ring receiving means. Thereafter the ring receiving means reassume their original form, thereby firmly gripping the sealing ring.

Abstract: Sheets of organic thermoplastic polymeric film are contacted with processing rolls having a microgrooved surface to reduce the air layer therebetween, thereby aiding heat transfer between film and roll and consequently increasing processing speed.

Abstract: A method for producing textured thermoplastic film and the textured film produced thereby. A transverse section of a continuous length of preformed thermoplastic film, comprised of two or more components possessing dissimilar softening point temperatures, is heated by a direct contact heating medium. The temperature of the film is thereby raised to or near the softening point of at least one component in the film, yet below the softening point of at least one other component. A partial amount of previously applied orientation is relieved by the softening of at least one component in said film. Correspondingly, a partial amount of the previously applied orientation remains unrelieved due to the presence of at least one unsoftened component in said film. This causes the formation of protuberances in the film which creates a textured look and feel. The resulting textured film, described herein, is suitable for many applications such as decorative coverings, release films, and protective overwrap packaging films.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for bonding two pieces of thermoplastic material to one another. The method includes the steps of heating the edges of the plastic materials to be joined to at least their fusing temperatures and then forcing the heated edge portions against one another to thereby form a bonded junction. A bead is formed along at least one edge of the junction of the plastic materials as a result of the pressure of the two plastic materials bearing against one another. The welded junction is heated, optionally at elevated pressure, to at least its fusion temperature and is then rapidly cooled. The resulting weld has a high impact and dielectric strength and has a smooth overall appearance.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with the plaster industry and, more precisely, with the elimination of excess water in objects containing hydratable calcium sulphate and water.It offers to subject the said objects to a high efficiency thermic drying before the end of the hydration of the calcium sulphate, and to stop the said drying, while allowing enough water for the continuation of hydration to remain in the objects.It is applied, more specifically, to the manufacture of plaster board.

Abstract: A method of postponing the set of inorganic binders which set by hydration and wherein the cements are mixed with water and frozen before the green set takes place. Preferably the freezing is done before two thirds of the normal time to set under the temperature and other conditions which occur at the time that the materials are fully mixed.

Abstract: A flexible composition comprises an intimate mixture of cork granules with a liquid organic polyol plasticizer for the cork in the granules, with the cork granules being dispersed and bonded together with a flexible, plasticized polyvinyl chloride resin.

Abstract: A material web impregnated with a settable synthetic resin travels in vertical direction, from the bottom towards the top, through a first heat treatment zone where the solvent of the synthetic resin or plastic is evaporated and there occurs a chemical reaction. The tacky material web departing from the first heat or thermal treatment zone then passes through a cooling zone where it is cooled by means of a cooling medium to such a degree that it does not stick to the deflection or diverting rolls over which the material web subsequently is guided. After deflection of the material web the latter is moved in vertical direction downwardly through a second heat treatment zone where the chemical reaction proceeds. Prior to winding-up of the material web the latter is further cooled.

Abstract: In order to impart a permanent out-of-plane configuration to a flexible diaphragm, for example a diaphragm used as the valve closing member in a multiple fuel metering valve, the invention provides that the diaphragm material, which may preferably be a rubberized textile web, is held by friction between two cooperating plates while a punch and die set causes deformation of parts of the diaphragm. In order to provide permanence to the deformation, the punch and/or die are heated during the deformation process while the remaining parts of the diaphragm are unheated and may be cooled. In a particular embodiment, the punch and die set imparts a plurality of dish-shaped depressions to the diaphragm; these serve to hold valve closing members for a multiple fuel distribution valve. The permanent depressions serve to hold the valve closing plates without mechanical attachment and/or perforation of the diaphragm and do not add undesirable rigidity to the diaphragm.

Abstract: A process for the rapid annealing of refractory fiber is disclosed. Air at a temperature of 750.degree. F. (400.degree. C.) to 1400.degree. F. (760.degree. C.) is passed through a refractory fiber body for a period of 5 to 200 seconds while the body is held securely in place for dimensional integrity. Apparatus for performing the process of this invention comprises an annealing unit containing opposed foraminous platens and means for passing hot air through the platens and through the fiber body retained between the platens or opposed foraminous belts and adjacent conduits and means for passing the hot annealing air through the conduits and belts and through the fiber body retained between the belts. The process and apparatus may be used to produce fiber bodies of a single material or laminated bodies of a plurality of interlocked layers, which may be of different fiber materials.

Abstract: A method and system for cooling a mold, including the steps of providing fluid flow connectors insertable into a mold for conducting the coolant into the mold. One of the connectors is made in one-piece and includes a threaded stem which threads into a mold opening, and that one-piece also includes two threaded openings which are disclosed transverse to the length of the stem and which align with passageways in the mold for attaching to two tubes extending in the passageways. The system in method is arranged for the alignment of the threaded openings with the passageways while the stem is fluid tightly threaded into the mold opening, and all of these connections are made on the interior of the mold.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing a ribbed pattern on extruded film by differential cooling of the film during its stretching process. The film is extruded through a tubular film die, stretching as it leaves the die. Cooling mechanisms rotate about the tube as it is being extruded to define a large plurality of narrow strips on the melt as it is being extruded. The film is fixed in space to maintain a close proximity to the cooling mechanisms in order to achieve sharply defined ribs. A cross-ribbed pattern can be obtained by counter-rotating the cooling mechanisms. Increased tear strength is imparted to the film without increasing the amount of resin necessary to make the film. Such tube can be formed into high strength film products such as trash bags and the like.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the high-speed stabilization of molded parts. Stabilization is achieved for parts ejected from a molding machine by bringing about a rapid change in the surface temperature of the parts during the course of their conveyance from the molding site. The result is skin-effect hardening which gives dimensional stability to the parts, allowing them to be conveyed away rapidly for further processing. This permits early ejection of parts from the molding machine and enhances production capacity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for injection molding tubular plastic articles around cylindrical core pins at a molding station, for cooling the articles while supported on the core pins, and for then axially stripping the articles from the core pins at an ejection station. The article stripping step is accomplished by a horizontally reciprocable carriage which is selectively moved into and out of vertical alignment with a set of core pins and molded articles positioned at the ejection station. Sectional gripping members on the carriage are radially closable when in alignment with the molded articles, to grasp the articles for their axial removal from the core pins upon the horizontal displacement of the carriage. The stripped articles may be held in a horizontal cantilever position between the gripping members during an operational dwell time for additional cooling subsequent to their removal from the core pins.

Abstract: A novel procedure for circulating blowing air through an injection blow molded article during the blow cooling cycle of an injection molding process is described. The technique involves the use of a new core rod assembly which permits internal circulation of cool air during the blow cooling cycle of the process.

Abstract: A generally cylindrical core for winding a web of sheetlike material has portions with a lesser diameter than other portions such that otherwise baggy areas of the web overlie the lesser diameter area of the core. The core particularly solves the problem of elongated edges on a wound film of heat shrinkable thermoplastic material caused by differential shrinkage about a core.

Abstract: Polymer sheets or films are provided with tear paths that are substantially indistinguishable from the remainder of the polymer sheet or film in outward appearance and in chemical properties. Throughout the tear path, molecular chains of the polymer are oriented generally along a predetermined axis, while the molecular chains of the remainder of the polymer sheet or film are oriented generally differently from said predetermined axis. Such tear paths are typically formed by means of a device that extracts heat from the polymer as it is extruded or otherwise molded, the extraction rate being faster than the rate at which the remainder of the molded polymer is cooled in order to encourage maintenance of the substantially monoaxial orientation of the polymer chains along the tear path when the entire polymer is subsequently blown up or otherwise reoriented.

Abstract: A process comprising winding polyvinylbutyral interlayer sheet at a controlled low tension reduces blocking at the core of the roll and minimizes stretch variations within the roll and storing the roll until use at a temperature below 15.degree. C.

Abstract: A flexible, e.g. polyurethane, open cell foam sheet is impregnated with a controlled amount of a liquid polymerizable resin system which cures at ambient temperature, and the resin impregnated sheet is immediately chilled at a suitably reduced temperature, e.g. 40.degree. F. or below, to arrest polymerization or hardening. The resulting resin impregnated sheet is stored at such reduced temperature. When needed for adhesive bonding the chilled resin impregnated sheet, cut to the desired pattern or size, is applied between the surfaces of objects to be bonded, e.g. fiber reinforced polyurethane insulation blocks and plywood strips, or such insulation blocks and the steel hull of a liquid natural gas (LNG) container or marine tanker.

Abstract: A quench bath for cooling an axially moving tubular form comprises an axially compressible jacket with a liquid-retaining annular seal assembly engageable with the tubular form, inlet and discharge means for cooling liquid, and means to releasably support the jacket in an extended configuration.The bath is suitable for cooling tubular extrudates in the production of oriented tubular film.

Abstract: In manufacturing gypsum products, crushed natural dihydrous gypsum CaSO.sub.4.2H.sub.2 O is molded and heat-treated in air at temperatures ranging from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. The temperature is raised to a required level at a rate of 2 to 3 degrees per minute. The products are strengthened by watering.The end gypsum products feature a water absorption of 7 to 10% and a frost resistance of 40 to 50 cycles. Their compression strength is 170 to 300 kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A device in the form of a double-walled pipe for cooling continuous profiles includes a core pipe of a cross section corresponding to the profile being cooled and which is interchangeably inserted in a jacket pipe with at least one low-boiling liquified gas injection orifice in the core pipe near the intake opening for feeding vaporized gas into the cavity formed by the core pipe and the continuous profile.

Abstract: Mechanical properties of compression molded composites having thick sections and made from molding compounds comprising thermosetting resin and reinforcing fiber in a thickened dispersion are improved by a preheating stage and mold cycle times that are longer than the time necessary to reach the highest peak exotherm temperature of the composite during molding. Slow post cooling allows for development of properties especially when mold opening times are shorter than that required for removal of all thermal gradients.

Abstract: A single sheet of standard grade plastic laminate material is bent at two locations to form it into a side wall and two end walls corresponding to the side wall and two end walls of a bathtub recess. Following forming, one end wall portion of the wall covering is loosely folded over the opposite end wall portion. Then, the partially folded wall covering is pushed endwise into a rectangular cardboard box having a normal thickness which is substantially smaller than the initial depth of the partially folded wall covering. The box with the partially folded wall covering inside is moved through a rectangular opening provided in a rigid mandril, sized to be substantially equal to the normal outside dimension of the box. The mandril forces the outwardly bulging side walls of the box inwardly and reshapes both the side walls of the box and the side and end walls of the partially folded wall covering therein.

Abstract: Relatively light gauge thermoplastic sheet material is pierced by a hot punch to provide a bearing aperture. The hot punch is held in sheet-penetrating position long enough to cause plastic flow of displaced material and formation of a collar-like hub surrounding the aperture. The hot punch is withdrawn and replaced by a cool punch to retard further plastic flow of the displaced material, thereby fixing the aperture in desired size and shape. There results a bearing aperture having an axial length greater than the starting thickness of the sheet material, and consequently a larger bearing surface integrally formed locally in the sheet material. Apparatus for forming the bearing aperture is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and system for cooling an injection molded plastic article by forming a portion of a mold cavity of fluid permeable porous material that communicates with a cooling liquid passageway and subjecting the cooling liquid to different pressures to vary the flow of fluid through the porous plug.

Abstract: Tires made using nylon cord in the fabric plies are built in a conventional manner, cured in a conventional manner in a curing press, removed from the curing press and held in an uninflated state for from 4 to 7 minutes, then post inflated. The tires remain in the inflated state until the temperature has been reduced below the heat shrink temperature of the nylon cord.The cords in the tires which have been subjected to the post inflation treatment of the present invention have higher tensile strength than cords in tires which have been post inflated both in and out of the mold immediately after curing and tires which were not post inflated.

Abstract: An integral artificial kidney unit is formed of four opposed plastic sheets bonded together, the composition of the inner second pair of opposed thin sheets being selected for their high permeability to waste products which are required to be dialyzed from patient blood. The inner second pair of plastic sheets are bonded together in a sealed pattern providing an integral perfusion unit. The outer first pair of plastic sheets are bonded at their exterior edges forming a dialyzate chamber and also are bonded to a blood inlet port and a blood outlet port of the enclosed integral perfusion unit. More than one perfusion unit can be interconnected in parallel to a common blood inlet port and a common blood outlet port, and all are disposed inside the dialyzate chamber. An integral perfusion unit has a single blood inlet port symetrically disposed and interconnected to a blood inlet manifold, and the inlet manifold is disposed across and interconnected to multiple parallel blood tubules having small diameters.

Abstract: Apparatus for separating a sheet of briquets issuing from a briquetting machine into individual briquets by bending the briquet sheet both longitudinally and transversely to break the connections between adjacent briquets. The apparatus includes a carrying conveyor having arcuate, waveform or sawtooth conveyor slats and a conforming conveyor having conveyor slats with a cross section which mates with that of the carrying conveyor. The conforming conveyor forces the briquet sheet to conform to the slat configuration of the first conveyor and to pass around a pivot means which breaks or separates the sheet into individual briquets.

Abstract: A method for extruding polymer materials for high voltage cables includes cooling the conductor of the cable before the extrusion of all the polymer material thereon in order to mechanically stabilize the material.

Abstract: A process for reducing the shrinkage of profiled elements of thermoplastic synthetic resins, which normally occurs due to undesired stresses frozen in during extrusion in an extruder die and calibration in a calibrating device, involves the step of maintaining the extrusion speed of the profiled element upon exiting from the extruder die at least the same or almost the same as the calibrating speed and/or take-off speed of the profiled element during its subsequent passage through the calibrating device. Also, it is advantageous to cool selected and defined portions of the periphery of the extrudate during the initial stage of calibration within the calibrating device so that a reinforced frame or corset is formed within the extrudate.

Abstract: A process for the production of bilaterally corrugated plastic sheets by extruding a plastic synthetic resin composition, preferably soft PVC, from a slotted nozzle fashioned in a double comb-like shape, stretching the sheet in the longitudinal direction of the ribs during the drawing-off process and passing the sheet through a cooled glazing or smoothing calender. Also disclosed are various sheets produced by the above-process as well as methods for joining the same together.

Abstract: A process for sizing an extruded thermoplastic structure or member formed by coextrusion of a core profile of one thermoplastic material and a cover layer of another thermoplastic material provided over a portion of the periphery of the core profile which includes the steps of sizing the extruded plastic structure in the external cross sectional dimensions, cooling during the sizing step the structure and effecting a different temperature control of the cooling of the cross section of the profile depending upon the thermoplastic material being cooled. The thermoplastic material having the higher Vicat softening temperature being more gradually cooled than the one having a lower Vicat softening temperature.

Abstract: A cooling system for quenching extruded thermoplastic tubing which moves in a vertically upward direction from a die to a cooling mandrel comprises a seal means between the die and the mandrel and the introduction of cooling fluid such as water between the seal and the mandrel to flow upwardly as the tube passes along the mandrel. A water vapor atmosphere below the seal provides a controlled atmosphere leaking past the seal which condenses immediately upon passing the seal and coming into contact with the cooling fluid. This controlled atmosphere avoids air leakage past the seal and consequent imperfections in the thermoplastic material tube.

Abstract: A process for the uninterrupted manufacture of plastic film tubing by the blowing up of a continuous film tubing by means of an extruder-injector, including an inner cooling of the extruded film tubing using a gaseous cooling means initially in a liquified condition introduced inside the film tubing. The cooling medium is converted into its vaporous or gaseous condition through evaporation before being purged. The cooling medium is introduced inside the film tubing in its liquified state in such a manner that up to a reversing point located above the nozzle tip of the device, an upward coolant stream occurs in the center of the inner space of the tubing, from which stream liquid and/or solid coolant particles are carried and kept in suspension. At the reversing point the coolant stream fans out radially after which the cooling medium falls back down in an opposite direction along the wall of the film tubing toward the coolant outlet.

Abstract: Molecularly oriented containers are formed from molded preforms made of an amorphous thermoplastic resin and having a finished neck tubular portion and a body portion which method includes subjecting the preform body to a thermoforming orienting step while at a temperature at which substantial molecular orientation occurs, said temperature being arrived at by first overheating the outside of said preform body using external heating means to an average outside temperature greater than the substantial molecular orientation temperature range thereby creating a temperature gradient across the thickness of said preform body and then cooling said headed preform body until the average outside temperature is within said,substantial molecular orientation temperature range and the entire preform body is at a temperature within said substantial molecular orientation temperature range and whereas said temperature gradient is significantly reduced.

Abstract: A sheet film is produced from a tubular thermoplastic resin film by cooling a molten tubular film of crystalline thermoplastic resin, for example, polypropylene, extruded downward from an annular die in direct contact simultaneously with cooling liquids on the outside and inside of the film, the cooling liquid on the outside being in an outside cooling liquid tank and in contact with the outside of the film and the cooling liquid on the inside flowing down along the surface of a mandrel provided through the outside cooling liquid tank and in contact with the inside of the film, a liquid level of the cooling liquid on the inside being kept higher by 5-15 mm than that of the cooling liquid on the outside; cutting open length wise one or two side ends of the film just before being flattened and folded by nip rolls thereby to discharge the cooling liquid from the inside; and removing the liquid attached to the surfaces of the resulting sheet films withdrawn by the nip rolls promptly.

Abstract: Modified copolymers which have viscosities which vary very markedly with changes in temperature are obtained by malaxating a statistical copolymer of ethylene and maleic anhydride containing between 0.5 and 20% by weight of units derived from maleic anhydride and having a melt index of between 0.1 and 500 dg/min, in the molten state with at least one chemical reagent containing at least two reactive groups which are amine or alcoholic --OH groups but at most primary or secondary amine group and at least one alcoholic --OH group.

Abstract: An improved method for bonding same or different thermoplastic high molecular weight materials is described, in which the respective materials to be bonded are heated until their respective temperatures reach a temperature a little lower than the respective second order transition points, when a pressing force is applied to a butting surface between the materials to be bonded, and after the materials have been in themselves further heated up to a temperature 20.degree. - 50.degree. C higher than the higher second order transition point if the second order transition points of the respective materials are different, the materials are slowly cooled down to a temperature lower than the lower second order transition point.

Abstract: Method for treating bands of heated non-vulcanized rubber for handling upon removal from a rolling mill which includes the formation of a web of material, and the severing of the web along lines parallel to the web axis to form processing strips. The web is initially formed having a width substantially equal to an integral multiple of process strips, and thereafter the web is partially slit longitudinally along a substantial portion only of the length to provide a plurality of strips, each of the strips being coupled together across a transverse header arranged integral with each of the strips for facilitating handling. The technique is particularly adapted for treatment of the heated non-vulcanized rubber prior to the passing of the material through a cooling tunnel preparatory to storage.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus system for continuously forming soap bars which are resistant to marring during wrapping and packaging thereof comprising cooling shaped soap billets with a cooling fluid at a velocity thereof and for a time sufficient to harden at least the surface of said billets to the degree which resists marring by subsequent wrapping and packaging.

Abstract: In a method of conditioning preforms to be molded into containers which includes feeding them in groups to a temperature-conditioning zone where they are reduced to orientation temperature for immediate molding into containers, improvements are provided which involve diverting other groups away from the temperature-conditioning zone to an adjacent cooling zone wherein they are reduced to a temperature whereat sticking together cannot occur, prior to collecting them for later molding.

Abstract: Filaments having a substantially increased inner surface, in particular porous filaments of filaments having a cracked, notched or nicked surface of thermoplsatic material are produced by subjecting filaments of thermoplastic material, preferably containing a pore-forming agent, to a heating medium at a temperature at least 100.degree., preferably 150.degree.C.

Abstract: A method for cooling a tire during a post-inflation treatment utilizing aspirator jets for discharging air internally of the tire and for entraining the inflation air of the tire to cause turbulent air flow against the internal surface of the tire and against tire-supporting means which is water-cooled to remove heat from the internal air of the tire. This invention results in tires which are at least as uniform, and generally more uniform, than externally jet air-cooled tires.

Abstract: This invention comprises a method for manufacturing elastomeric high pressure hose having reinforcement in the form of braided or spiral wrapped textile yarns between extruded inner and outer elastomeric layers. The method includes the steps of extruding the inner elastomeric layer over a long flexible mandrel up to about 1000 ft in length coextensively therewith, then progressively freezing portions of the layer and braiding or spiral wrapping a textile reinforcement thereover. The layer is frozen to prevent extrusion of the inner layer during the braiding. Thereafter additional elastomeric and textile layers are applied and the elastomers are vulcanized in an elongated continuous vulcanizer.