Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a ceramic moulded body, comprising the following steps: a) producing a green body containing ceramic material, binding agents and an organic pore forming agent; b) heating the green body to a temperature higher than the sublimation and/or decomposition temperature of the pore forming agent; c) burning the green body to form a ceramic moulded body. According to the invention, the binding agent comprises polyglycols and fumaric acid.

Abstract: The application discloses a high-whiteness MGO substrate, a preparation method thereof and a decorative board having the substrate. The high-whiteness MGO substrate includes a surface layer and a substrate, wherein the substrate is prepared from a forming agent, a lightweight filler, a modifier and water in parts by mass as follows: 40-49 parts of light burned magnesium oxide powder, 18-25 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 16-25 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol solution, 16-20 parts of a plant powder, and 0.5-2 parts of a modifier; the modifier being obtained by mixing citric acid, phosphoric acid, and sodium sulfate in a mass ratio of 10:3:6.

Abstract: A three-dimensional shaping apparatus includes: a supplying unit configured to supply powder to a storage unit to form a layer of the powder; a discharging unit configured to discharge shaping liquid to solidify the powder onto the powder; and a controlling unit configured to generate a control signal for controlling the supplying unit and the discharging unit based on shaping data indicating a shape of a three-dimensional shaped object. The controlling unit is configured to generate the control signal for laminating at least one sacrificial layer separable from at least one shaping layer corresponding to the three-dimensional shaped object in such a position that the at least one sacrificial layer is under the at least one shaping layer, based on the shaping data and powder information stored in advance and indicating change in thickness of a layer of the powder caused by permeation of the shaping liquid.

Abstract: A manufacturing process of a cement product includes: (a) reacting at least one anhydrous or hydrated cement component with liquid or supercritical CO2 to form a cement composition; and (b) curing the cement composition to form a cement product.

Abstract: A process for the production of a mineral foam includes (i) separately preparing a slurry of cement and an aqueous foam, wherein the cement slurry includes water and Portland cement; (ii) contacting the slurry of cement with the aqueous foam to obtain a slurry of foamed cement; (iii) adding a magnesium salt source before, during or after step (ii); and (iv) casting the slurry of foamed cement and leave it to set.

Abstract: A process for the production of a mineral foam includes (i) separately preparing a slurry of cement and an aqueous foam, wherein the cement slurry includes water and Portland cement; (ii) contacting the slurry of cement with the aqueous foam to obtain a slurry of foamed cement; (iii) adding an aluminum salt source before or during step (ii); and (iv) casting the slurry of foamed cement and leave it to set.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet press process and admixture components for making concrete slabs (flags) (16), curb (kerb) units, panels, boards, and other flat shapes, whereby colloidal silica and at least one alkanolamine and optional rheology control components are employed to provide an ideal combination of pressing time, green strength, surface definition, stack-ability, final concrete strength, and permeability. Stack-ability can be expressed in terms of minimum deflection or non-eccentricity of the units while standing on thickness edges at distances apart less than width or standing height. A wet press process typically involves introducing a highly fluid concrete mix into a mold (10,12), applying hydraulic pressure to consolidate the concrete (e.g.

Abstract: Described herein are cementitious articles having an integrally formed exterior surface with ultra-smooth finish and reduced porosity and/or thickness relative to the core of the cementitious article. Described herein are also techniques and methods for producing fiber cement articles having a thin exterior shell characterized by improved smoothness and reduced porosity.

Abstract: Composite ceramic materials are disclosed herein which comprise two or more crystalline phases, wherein a first crystalline phase comprises a first refractory material having a first melting point, and a second crystalline phase comprises a second refractory material having a second melting point which is lower than the first melting point, and the second crystalline phase comprises large domain sizes of the second refractory material. Articles comprising such a composite ceramic material, such as honeycomb bodies, catalytic substrates, and particulate filters, are also disclosed herein, in addition to methods of manufacture thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a foam ceramic comprising the steps: producing an aqueous suspension of a first mineral raw material; foaming the suspension with air while adding a foaming agent and a binder to form a light foam; mixing the light foam with a powder or slip of a second ceramic raw material to form a heavy foam; pouring the heavy foam into a mold; drying the molded heavy foam in the mold to form a solid foam; and firing the solid foam in the mold to form the foam ceramic.

Abstract: A three-dimensional metallic foam is fabricated with an active oxide material for use as an anode for lithium batteries. The porous metal foam, which can be fabricated by a freeze-casting process, is used as the anode current collector of the lithium battery. The porous metal foam can be heat-treated to form an active oxide material to form on the surface of the metal foam. The oxide material acts as the three-dimensional active material that reacts with lithium ions during charging and discharging.

Abstract: A process for desorbing CO2 gas from an ion-rich aqueous mixture comprising bicarbonate and hydrogen ions, includes providing micro-particles in the ion-rich aqueous mixture; and feeding the ion-rich aqueous mixture into a desorption reactor; the micro-particles comprising a support material and biocatalysts supported and stabilized by the support material and being sized and provided in a concentration in the desorption reactor such that the micro-particles are carried with the ion-rich aqueous mixture to promote transformation of the bicarbonate and hydrogen ions into CO2 gas and water, thereby producing a CO2 gas stream and an ion-depleted solution.

Abstract: An extrudable gypsum-based material is formed from a mixture that includes gypsum in the range of about 40 to 90% by dry weight percent, a secondary material in the range of about 0.1 to 50% by dry weight percent, a reinforcement fiber in the range of about 1 to 20% by dry weight percent, a rheology modifying agent in the range of about 0.5 to 10% by dry weight percent, a retarder in the range of about 0.1 to 8% by dry weight percent, a water in the range of 10 to 50% of a total wet material weight.

Abstract: A cutting element may be formed by placing a plurality of diamond particles adjacent to a substrate in a reaction cell and subjecting the plurality of diamond particles to high pressure high temperature conditions to form a polycrystalline diamond body. The polycrystalline diamond body may have a cutting face area to thickness ratio ranging from 60:16 to 500:5 and at least one dimension greater than 8 mm.

Abstract: A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to an embodiment includes: a semiconductor layer; a block insulating film; an organic molecular layer, which is formed between the semiconductor layer and the block insulating film, and provided with a first organic molecular film on the semiconductor layer side containing first organic molecules and a second organic molecular film on the block insulating film side containing second organic molecules, and in which the first organic molecule has a charge storing unit and the second organic molecule is an amphiphilic organic molecule; and a control gate electrode formed on the block insulating film.

Abstract: A process for producing a mineral foam includes (i) separately preparing one or more slurries of cement, and an aqueous foam for which a D50 of bubbles is less than or equal to 400 ?m; (ii) homogenizing the one or more slurries of cement with the aqueous foam to obtain a slurry of foamed cement; (iii) casting the slurry of foamed cement and leaving the cast slurry of foamed cement to set.

Abstract: The invention provides novel aerated composite materials that possess excellent physical and performance characteristics of aerated concretes, and methods of production and uses thereof. These composite materials can be readily produced from widely available, low cost raw materials by a process suitable for large-scale production with improved energy consumption, desirable carbon footprint and minimal environmental impact.

Abstract: Methods, processes, and systems for producing bulk ceramics from agglomerations of partially cured gelatinous polymer ceramic precursor resin droplets, without using sponge materials to form gas pathways in the polymer bodies. Ceramics can be formed in hours. Resin droplets can be produced with a sprayer where liquid polymer precursors, mixed with a curing agent, are sprayed forming droplets which are partially cured, collected, and compressed into shapes. Ceramic porosity can be varied, droplet particle sizes can be controlled by adjusting liquid and gas pressure, orifice size, during spraying. Partially cured droplets can be formed via an emulsion process and size controlled by emulsion liquid and surfactant selection parameters.

Abstract: A method of forming a high aspect ratio adhesive structure, the method comprising fabricating a porous template comprising at least a first tier and a second tier; introducing a softened polymer into the template; and separating the polymer from the template.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods to improve the properties of a porous structure formed by a rapid manufacturing technique. Embodiments of the present disclosure increase the bonding between the micro-particles 5 on the surface of the porous structure and the porous structure itself without substantially reduce the surface area of the micro-particles. In one aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure improves the bonding while preserving or increasing the friction of the structure against adjacent materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous manganese oxide-based lithium absorbent and a method for preparing the same. The method includes the steps of preparing a mixture by mixing a reactant for the synthesis of a lithium-manganese oxide precursor powder with an inorganic binder, molding the mixture, preparing a porous lithium-manganese oxide precursor molded body by heat-treating the molded mixture, and acid-treating the porous lithium-manganese oxide precursor molded body such that lithium ions of the porous lithium-manganese oxide precursor are exchanged with hydrogen ions, wherein pores are formed in the lithium-manganese oxide precursor molded body by gas generated in the heat treatment. The porous manganese oxide-based lithium adsorbent according to the present invention is easy to handle and has many more adsorption reaction sites compared to existing molded adsorbents, thus providing high lithium adsorption efficiency.

Abstract: A mold for forming a ceramic article can include a first material having a first thermal conductivity and a second material having a second thermal conductivity different from the first thermal conductivity. The first material may be at least partially embedded within the second material and configured to create regions of different thermal conductivity in the body, such as configured to create distinct nucleation regions within a material formed within the mold. A method for forming a ceramic article can include providing a slurry within a mold and freeze-casting the slurry to form a ceramic article having a burst-like distribution of porosity. A ceramic article according to embodiments herein can include a burst-like distribution of porosity.

Abstract: An electrostatic dissipative, polypropylene-based resin expanded bead containing electrically conductive carbon black, having an apparent density of 10 to 120 kg/m3 and formed of a base resin which includes a polypropylene resin forming a continuous phase, and a polyethylene resin forming dispersed phases dispersed in the continuous phase, with the carbon black being unevenly distributed to the dispersed phases side. The polyethylene resin is an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and C4 to C6 ?-olefin and a weight ratio of the polypropylene resin to the polyethylene resin is 99.5:0.5 to 65:35. A molded article obtained by in-mold molding of such expanded beads exhibits electrostatic dissipative properties with a surface resistivity in the range of 1×105 to 1×1010? in a stable manner.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing foamed material an expansion agent, a ceramic base material and water are blended together. The blend is heated and pressurized to homogenize and liquefy or plasticize it. The blend is then extruded through a die where, in the course of the extrusion, superheated water in the blend vaporizes to foam the blend. To make articles of manufacture, extrudate is cut to length, machined and fired, or is injection moulded while still malleable and then fired.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a low density monolithic fiber cement article that incorporates controlled air entrainment evenly distributed throughout the article to improve various physical properties of the article. In some implementations, air entrainment agents are used to create voids in the article, thereby lowering the density and weight of the boards while maintaining adequate strength. In some implementations, the air entrainment agents can be added in solution to create a foam, or can be used to generate a pre-foam, which can be added to a cementitious paste. The cementitious paste incorporating the air entrainment agent can proceed through an extrusion process, experiencing high pressures, where the voids remain in the final monolithic fiber cement board.

Abstract: A pervious concrete slab is pre-cast in a reusable mold or form to define at least one keyway configured and arranged to engage with a complementary keyway of another similar pre-cast pervious concrete slab. The concrete slab is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to an installation site, and installed.

Abstract: A method is provided that solves the problem of the manner of obtainment of mass for production of shaped construction elements. The manner consists of the fact, that in the mechanical mixer a ceramic granulate is placed, preferably in the form of perlite and is soaked, preferably with water until complete soaking of the granulate and is mixed with the binding agent until obtainment of the situation, where each loose grain (1) of the granulate is coated with a layer of moist binding agent, creating a coating (2) around the grain. Priorly prepared moulds are filled with the obtained mass. The mass for production of shaped construction elements consists of 15-25% of bond weight, preferably in the form of perlite, 35-45% of binding agent weight, preferably in the form of plaster with improved resistance parameters and 35-45% of water weight.

Abstract: A process for preparing hollow ceramic or metal microspheres, comprising the steps of: forming ceramic or metal slurry, comprising ceramic or metal powders, water and dispersant and having a certain solid phase content, into a stable foam slurry by using a foaming agent; introducing the stable foam slurry into a centrifugal atomization equipment to atomize it into hollow slurry droplets, while being sprayed into a molding chamber; drying rapidly to form hollow microsphere green body; collecting the hollow microsphere green body and sintering. The hollow microsphere prepared has a particle size of 0.001-1.5 mm and high quality and low cost. The process is adapted to produce various inorganic material powders into hollow microspheres. The present invention also provides a device for preparing hollow ceramic or metal microspheres and hollow microspheres.

Abstract: Reinforced, laminated, impregnated, and materials with composite properties as cross linked polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel structures in bulk or cellular matrix forms that can take essentially any physical shape, or can have essentially any size, degree of porosity and surface texture. They have a wide range of physical properties, unusual and unique combinations of physical properties and unique responses to stress fields, which allows for their use in many end use applications.

Abstract: A filter for a storm water inlet having a surface opening for receiving storm water runoff comprising liquids and solids and discharging said runoff into an interior compartment below having a substantially vertical interior wall or walls defining a cross-sectional area. The filter comprises one or more precast pervious concrete filter elements, the element or elements being formed such that the filter substantially fills the entire cross-sectional area of the interior compartment. Also, a storm water inlet including such a filter, and a method of adding such a filter to a storm water inlet.

Abstract: Composite materials with high damping and high stiffness at relatively low density. These materials include three-dimensional structures of interconnected ligaments, which have multiple concentric layers alternating between stiff constraining layers and soft damping layers, so that bulk deformation of the structure results in high local shear strain and correspondingly high bulk damping.

Abstract: A method for making a nanoporous membrane is disclosed. The method provides a composite film comprising an atomically thin material layer and a polymer layer, and then bombarding the composite film with energetic particles to form a plurality of pores through at least the atomically thin material layer. The nanoporous membrane also has a atomically thin material layer with a plurality of apertures therethrough and a polymer film layer adjacent one side of the graphene layer. The polymer film layer has a plurality of enlarged pores therethrough, which are aligned with the plurality of apertures. All of the enlarged pores may be concentrically aligned with all the apertures. In one embodiment the atomically thin material layer is graphene.

Abstract: The invention provides novel aerated composite materials that possess excellent physical and performance characteristics of aerated concretes, and methods of production and uses thereof. These composite materials can be readily produced from widely available, low cost raw materials by a process suitable for large-scale production with improved energy consumption, desirable carbon footprint and minimal environmental impact.

Abstract: Disclosed are porous, low density nanoclay composites that exhibit highly homogeneous microcellular morphology and methods for forming the nanocomposites. The nanocomposites include a three-dimensional matrix having a non-lamellar, generally isotropic cellular structure with little or no macroscopic pores. The nanocomposites also include a gel that may be a noncovalently cross-linked, thermoreversible gel. The nanocomposites may include a binder and/or fibrous reinforcement materials. The nanocomposites may be formed according to a freeze-drying process in which ice crystal growth is controlled to prevent formation of macroscopic pores in the composite materials.

Abstract: An active anode (10) is provided that includes a framework (11) of a first anodic material which contains large cavities (12) that include particles (13) of a second anodic material. The cavities have to be large enough so that a fully lithiated particles of the second anodic material fits into the cavity that contains it and does not apply stress to the framework. The first anodic material has a lower lithiation/delithiation potential than the second anodic material. To produce the anode cavities the second anodic material is coated with an organic coating which is then removed once the anodic layer is produced from a mixture of the first and second anodic materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous manganese oxide-based lithium absorbent and a method for preparing the same. The method includes the steps of preparing a mixture by mixing a reactant for the synthesis of a lithium-manganese oxide precursor powder with an inorganic binder, molding the mixture, preparing a porous lithium-manganese oxide precursor molded body by heat-treating the molded mixture, and acid-treating the porous lithium-manganese oxide precursor molded body such that lithium ions of the porous lithium-manganese oxide precursor are exchanged with hydrogen ions, wherein pores are formed in the lithium-manganese oxide precursor molded body by gas generated in the heat treatment. The porous manganese oxide-based lithium adsorbent according to the present invention is easy to handle and has many more adsorption reaction sites compared to existing molded adsorbents, thus providing high lithium adsorption efficiency.

Abstract: There is provided a method for the fabrication of porous SiC ceramic. The method comprises oxidizing particles of SiC ceramic thereby forming amorphous silica on the surface of the particles. The oxidized SiC particles are then mixed with an additive. Alternatively, layer(s) of the additive is (are) deposited on their surface by sol-gel technique. The oxidized SiC particles mixed or coated with the additive are then mixed with at least one pore-former. Alternatively, the oxidized SiC particles mixed or coated with the additive are coated with layer(s) of a polymer or pore-former by in-situ polymerization. In embodiments where the oxidized SiC particles are mixed with an additive and a pore-former or polymer, a further additive may be used. In each of these embodiments, the resulting product is then compacted into a green body which is heated and sintered to yield the porous SiC ceramic material. There is also provided a porous SiC ceramic fabricated by the method according to the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are low density fiber cement articles, such as fiber cement building panels and sheets, comprised of multiple overlaying fiber cement substrate layers having small and uniform entrained air pockets distributed throughout. Also disclosed herein are air entrainment systems and methods for manufacturing aerated low density fiber cement panels or sheets with consistent air void content and uniform air void distribution. Also disclosed herein are air entrainment technologies adapted to work in conjunction with the Hatschek process to produce aerated fiber cement articles having controlled air void content and distribution.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a self-extinguishing cable including at least one transmissive element and at least one flame-retardant coating in a position radially external to the at least one transmissive element, wherein the at least one coating includes an expanded flame-retardant polymeric material having (a) at least one expandable polymer; (b) at least one expanding agent; (c) at least one flame-retardant inorganic filler, in an amount of 100 parts by weight of 250 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the at least one expandable polymer. The process includes the following steps: (i) feeding the flame-retardant polymeric material to an extruding apparatus, therein melting and mixing it; (ii) passing the flame-retardant polymeric material obtained in step (i) through at least one static mixer; and (iii) depositing by extrusion the flame-retardant polymeric material obtained in step (ii) onto the at least one transmissive element conveyed to the extruding apparatus.

Abstract: A tissue scaffold fabricated from bioinert fiber forms a rigid three-dimensional porous matrix having a bioinert composition. Porosity in the form of interconnected pore space is provided by the space between the bioinert fiber in the porous matrix. Strength of the porous matrix is provided by bioinert fiber fused and bonded into the rigid three-dimensional matrix having a specific pore size and pore size distribution. The tissue scaffold supports tissue in-growth to provide osteoconductivity as a tissue scaffold, used for the repair of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to porous ceramic material and to methods of making and using the material. More particularly, the invention relates to methods of forming ceramic materials by depositing material, using atomic layer deposition, onto a sacrificial substrate and to ceramic materials having controlled wall thickness, relatively large pores, and high surface area by weight.

Abstract: A composite hollow ceramic fiber includes a porous hollow core supporting a thin, dense sheath. The non-gas-tight core comprises a first ceramic material and an interconnecting network of pores. The gas-tight sheath comprises a second ceramic material. The fiber is made by extruding core and sheath suspensions from a spinnerette. The core suspension includes particles of the first ceramic material, a polymeric binder, a solvent, and a pore former material insoluble in the solvent. The sheath suspension includes particles of the second ceramic material, a polymeric binder and a solvent. The nascent hollow fiber is coagulated in a coagulant bath to effect phase inversion of the polymeric binders. The resultant green fiber is sintered in a two step process. First, the binders and pore former material are burned off. Second, the sheath is densified and the second ceramic material is sintered without fully sintering the core.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of making open celled foams including a matrix of interconnected spheres. The open celled foams are silicone based materials and can be used to coat implants, such as breast implants, and function to encourage tissue ingrowth and reduce capsular formation.

Abstract: A method of producing an electrically conductive composite composition, which is particularly useful for fuel cell bipolar plate applications.

Abstract: Method for the realization of a calcium phosphate-based biomaterial in form of granules and/or agglomerates of re-absorbable granules which can be used in the biomedical industry as, e.g., bone fillers, for increasing the bone mass, as a sealing for the internal orthopaedic prosthesis, for releasing drugs and/or medicaments and/or other substances beneficial for the organism. A calcium phosphate-based biomaterial in form of granules and/or aggregates thereof obtained according to such method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making regular shaped particles of solid foam. A first mixture, comprising water, an acid, a surfactant and a hydrophobic material, is combined with a hydrolysable silicon species to form a second mixture. The second mixture is maintained under conditions and for a sufficient time to form regular shaped precursor particles. The second mixture is then aged at a temperature and for a time effective to produce the regular shaped particles of solid foam.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of an inorganic material with a hierarchical porosity in the micropore and mesopore domains. The material has at least two elementary spherical particles having a maximum diameter of 200 microns. The process comprises: a) preparing a solution containing zeolitic nanocrystals with a maximum nanometric dimension equal to 60 nm based on silicon and/or precursor elements of proto-zeolitic entities based on silicon; b) mixing, in solution, metallic particles or at least one metallic precursor of metallic particles, a surfactant and the solution obtained in accordance with a) such that the ratio of the volumes of inorganic and organic materials, Vinorganic/Vorganic, is 0.29 to 0.50; c) aerosol atomization of the solution obtained in b) resulting in formation of spherical droplets; d) drying the droplets; g) eliminating the template and surfactant.

Abstract: A system for making carbon foam anodes including a digestion vessel in communication with a coal feedstock unit for producing a digested coal; a mold having an interior for accepting the digested coal to produce an ungraphitized carbon foam anode having a desired shape; a pressure unit in communication with the mold for producing an increased pressure within the interior of said mold; a heating element in communication with the mold to provide heat to the mold sufficient to convert the digested coal into the ungraphitized carbon foam anode; and a graphitization oven for graphitizing the ungraphitized carbon foam anode to produce the carbon foam anode. The present invention further includes methods for making carbon foam anodes.

Abstract: A method for the production of a macroporous ceramic foam, wherein: (a) forming a ceramic slip comprising a substantially homogeneous mixture of a ceramic particulate, an organic binder in a liquid carrier, and optionally one or more surfactants, wherein at least one surfactant is present if the organic binder does not function as a surfactant, and wherein the ceramic slip preferably has a viscosity in the range of from 15 to 200 mPas?1; (b) foaming the ceramic slip; and (c) heating the foamed ceramic slip at a temperature sufficient to substantially burn out the organic binder. The macroporous ceramic foam is suitable for use in biomedical applications such as synthetic bones, tissue engineering scaffolds or drug delivery devices.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a gypsum containing aqueous slurry containing a phosphate based polycondensate as sole agent with dispersing properties. With a phosphated polycondensate according to the invention as sole dispersing component an improved efficiency was found in comparison with the polycondensates known in the prior art. As additional favorable effect a significantly decreased retardation of the setting and hardening of the various construction compositions and especially of gypsum based slurries compared to other dispersants is to be observed, independently from the dosage of the dispersing component. This effect of the polycondensate component as well as an expedient influence on the pore structure surprisingly can be observed.