Abstract: Injection-blow molding apparatus in which maximum mold density is obtained by alternate arrangement of circumferentially continuous blow molds and injection molds, with closure of the blow mold being obtained by a shoulder forming sleeve or shoudler forming portion of this blow mold which is moved into abutment with a body forming portion of the blow mold.

Abstract: A parison is blow molded to form a sealed aseptic bottle for subsequent opening and filling. The pressure of the gas in the interior of the bottle when sealed is sub-atmospheric to prevent distortion of the bottle.

Abstract: Injection-blow molding apparatus in which maximum mold density is obtained by alternate arrangement of circumferentially continuous blow molds and injection molds, with axial mold closure being obtained by neck forming and shoulder forming sleeves concentrically located around the cores which are reciprocated into and out of the molds.

Abstract: An in-mold sulfonation system for sulfonating the surface of plastic articles such as plastic containers during molding. Sulfur trioxide is introduced into a pre-mold chamber, converted to a relatively high pressure gaseous sulfur trioxide, and then injected into a mold such as a blow mold immediately before or immediately following full expansion of the formed plastic article in the mold cavity. Neutralization with a gaseous neutralizing agent follows. By controlling the timing and temperature of the in-mold sulfonation step it is possible to produce a plastic article having an effective barrier layer but containing a minimum of undesirable rinseable salts.

Abstract: A blow molding machine having a mold cavity, a blow needle bore opening into the cavity with a blow needle in the bore, a vacuum source for drawing blow air from a molded article and an exhaust passage extending from the blow needle bore to the source for reducing pressure within the blown article.

Abstract: A blow pin assembly for use in blowing aseptic bottles includes a hollow blow needle and a sterile air system for maintaining the sterility of the needle tip.

Abstract: A method for producing thermoplastic tubular containers having a tubular wall section, open neck, and integral sealed bottom where a thermoplastic disc, is sealed to the inner wall of the tubular wall section, and the disc, while in a moldable state, is formed into a bottom wall by application of either a vacuum to the exterior surface of the disc or a fluid pressure to the interior of the tubular wall section, or both, to mold the disc in a mold cavity to a desired shape. A supporting sleeve surrounds the tubular wall section during application of the fluid pressure. Thermoplastic containers can be formed from a single thermoplastic material or from laminates, such as a laminate material containing an oxygen impermeable layer.

Abstract: A method for making a partially crystalline, biaxially oriented heat set hollow polyethylene terephthalate free standing container from a hollow parison having an open end and a closed end including engaging the open end of a plastic parison which is at a temperature within its molecular orientation temperature range, positioning a mold base in axial alignment with said engaged hot parison, enclosing a hot mold about the mold base, the mold being at heat setting temperature and the mold base being at a temperature preferably significantly lower than the mold, expanding the plastic parison within the hot mold and mold base by internal pressurization to induce biaxial orientation of the plastic parison and force the plastic parison into intimate contact and conformance with the hot mold and to maintain contact by such internal pressurization between the mold and mold base and the biaxially oriented container for a time sufficient to induce partial crystallization in the side wall and base of the biaxially orien

Abstract: A pneumatic system (10) is shown in its most preferred use in a spray gun (12) to remotely control a pressure washer. The system (10) generally includes an integrally formed, homogenous squeeze box (40) including a location ear (52), a nose tube (46), a bellows (44), and a discharge tube (48). Bellows (44) is generally rectangular in cross section and includes a flat top (62) and bottom (63) and accordion sides (64) having generally longitudinal fold lines (72, 74, 76, 78, 80) which are generally parallel to the mold part line (93) and the tubes (46, 48) but include a 2.degree. draft for ease in mold removal. A valve and spring tube (42) is loosely received on the nose tube (46) for sealing a vent hole (60) provided therein when the bellows (44) is compressed by a trigger (30) of gun (12) and for biasing the trigger (30) to an uncompressed bellows condition.

Abstract: A method including engaging the open end of a first plastic parison which is at a temperature within its molecular orientation temperature range, enclosing a hot mold which is at heat setting temperature about the parison at a first position, simultaneously enclosing a cold mold at a second position about a container previously blown in the hot mold to cool the previously blown container, expanding the plastic parison within the hot mold by internal pressurization through the open end to induce biaxial orientation of the plastic parison and force the plastic parison into intimate contact and conformance with the hot mold and to maintain contact by such internal pressurization between the mold and biaxially oriented container for a time sufficient to induce partial crystallization in the biaxially oriented container, moving the hot mold and the cold mold in unison to bring the hot mold to the second position and the cold mold to a third position during the expanding of the parison within the hot mold and durin

Abstract: A method of forming a hole in a plastic pipe feeds a plastic layer for the plastic pipe from a nozzle about a mandrel into chill moulds being displaced along an elongated mould cavity about the mandrel formed by the chill moulds. All of the plastic layer is pressed into the chill moulds with a pressure medium between the mandrel and all of an inner surface of the plastic layer for forming the plastic pipe therefrom. Only portions of the plastic layer of the plastic pipe are then subjected to a local pressure difference exceeding the breaking limit of the plastic layer between the inner surface and an opposite, outer surface of the plastic layer at least in part from a flowing medium for forming a hole in the plastic layer of the plastic pipe, the flowing medium being one of a gas and a liquid and flowing from the mandrel at a pressure higher than that of the pressure medium pressing the plastic layer of the plastic pipe.

Abstract: A process for blow molding and fluorination of a hollow thermoplastic article includes bringing a blank to rest against the inside wall of the blow mold as a result of introducing an inert blow gas. An inert gas/reaction mixture is then introduced in the hollow article for fluorinating the inside surface of the hollow article. After the inside surface of the hollow article has cooled off, the inert gas/reaction gas mixture is blown in below the melting point of the thermoplastic material.

Abstract: When blow molding elongated serpentine tubes or similar articles, loading of the mold cavity with the parison can present a problem. The parison can stick against the wall of the mold cavity. Moreover, a large diameter parison must be used, i.e. the parison must have a diameter equal to the total width dimension of the article, and consequently a large volume of flash is produced. The flash must be trimmed and recycled. In order to avoid these problems, inserts are placed in the mold to define portions of the mold cavity, particulary at corners. Air under pressure is fed into passages in the outer surfaces of the inserts and discharged through small orifices in such inserts against the parison to guide and drive the latter fully into the mold cavity. A vacuum can also be applied to the end of the cavity remote from the parison entry point for drawing the parison into the mold.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a multilayer plastic container in which an inner and an outer layer, one of which is in the melt phase, are introduced into an opened mold. Before the mold is closed, the inner layer is inflated by a pressurized medium until the facing surfaces of the inner and outer layers are in contact over almost all their respective surface areas. The mold is then closed and the first and second layers are forced against the mold wall by a pressurized medium.

Abstract: A method for making a partially crystalline, biaxially oriented heat set hollow plastic container from a hollow parison having an open end and a closed end comprising engaging the open end of a plastic parison which is at a temperature within its molecular orientation temperature range, positioning a mold base in axial alignment with said engaged hot parison, enclosing a hot mold about the mold base, the mold being at heat setting temperature, expanding the plastic parison within the hot mold and mold base by internal pressurization to induce biaxial orientation of the plastic parison and force the plastic parison into intimate contact and conformance with the hot mold and to maintain contact by such internal pressurization between the mold and the biaxially oriented container for a time sufficient to induce partial crystallization in the biaxially oriented container, lowering the internal pressure in the container, opening the hot mold while maintaining engagement of the open end and engagement of the mold b

Abstract: A novel method of blow molding and fluorinating plastic containers carried out in essentially three steps, including blow molding of the container at a first predetermined pressure in a mechanically locked mold with an inert gas, testing the mold for pressure tightness at a second higher level of pressure with an inert gas, and thereafter introducing a fluorine containing gas into the mold at a third level of pressure.

Abstract: A double-walled plastic box 20 is molded from a single parison 50 in an unlimited depth by closing the bottom of parison 50 and draping it downwardly over a core 60 so that a leading part of the parison forms an inside wall of the box and a following part of the parison forms an outside wall of the box. After parison 50 is draped over core 60, outer mold parts 61 close around the core and the draped parison; and the box is blown in a cavity between the core and the outer mold parts. The parison can be ballooned while draping down over the core to enlarge the parison to stand out from and surround the core, which can be raised during the draping process. Parison 50 can also be deballooned after draping to stay within the confines of outer mold parts 61 while core 60 raises and while the outer mold parts close.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a heat-resistant polyester hollow formed body, which comprises mounting a preform of a thermoplastic polyester composed mainly of ethylene terephthalate units, which is maintained at a temperature where high-speed drawing is possible but whitening can be prevented, especially at a temperature represented by the following formula:T=k(100.multidot.IV-8.multidot.DEG+42) (1)wherein IV stands for the intrinsic viscosity (dl/g) of the thermoplastic polyester, DEG stands for the content (% by weight) of diethylene glycol units in the thermoplastic polyester, k is a number of from 0.95 to 1.05, and T stands for the temperature (.degree.C.

Abstract: During blow molding of curved plastic hollow bodies, the parison is first extruded as a whole in a substantially straight line and vertically from top to bottom. The parison is then severed from the extrusion die and the severed parison precurved. Finally, the precurved parison is inserted as a whole into the blow mold and blown. An apparatus for carrying out this method comprises releasable support means for accommodating and holding the parison, curving means for preliminary curving of the parison, tilting means for tilting the support means into the horizontal position and a blow mold, the precurved parison being placed as a whole in one mold half of this blow mold.

Abstract: A double-walled plastic box 20 is molded from a single parison 50 in an unlimited depth by closing and holding a bottom region of the parison at the bottom of a cavity 30, bringing together parts of a core 40 above the cavity to close off an upper region of the parison, moving the core, the cavity, or both vertically to position the core within the cavity and invert the parison so that a lower region of the parison forms an outside wall of the box against an inside surface of the cavity and an upper region of the parison forms an inside wall of the box against an outer surface of the core. The parison is then blown into a double-walled box 20 in the shape of an enclosed space between the cavity and the core.

Abstract: In producing hollow bodies by blow molding from thermoplastic material, a preferably tubular preform is firstly formed, and is then expanded within the blowing mold under the effect of an inert gas under high pressure, until it bears entirely against the inside surface of the blowing mold. Thereafter, a reaction gas such as fluorine is introduced into the hollow body under a considerably lower pressure, while the hollow body is still in the mold, to treat the internal surface of the hollow body to render it impervious to gas and/or liquid. After the reaction has elapsed, a flushing and cooling gas is introduced into the hollow body and is then removed from the blowing mold after the hollow body has sufficiently set.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multiple platen-multiple position press or injection blow molding apparatus for use in the blow molding of containers in which a preform is molded onto a core and is moved relative to the core to space a body portion of the preform from the core when the core is in the blowing station to facilitate the temperature conditioning of the preform to achieve a desired biorientation of the thermoplastic material from which the preform is made when the preform is blow molded to form a container. The temperature conditioning may be achieved by allowing stabilization of the temperature gradient through the material of the preform with or without the assistance of a supply of gas to the preform at a desired temperature.

Abstract: A method for measuring the color difference between a sample dye and a standard dye by testing the color properties of both dyes, which comprises measuring the distribution curve of absorbance of individual components of the dye; determining the relationship between the color difference of dye solution and the color difference of dyeings with respect to the standard dye and representative samples arbitrarily selected plural lots of dyes; and predicting the color difference of dyeings from the color difference of solution between the standard dye and the sample dye.

Abstract: A pot-shaped blank is shaped from nylon by the injection moulding process. Onto the blank a pot-shaped outer layer of polyethylene is moulded. The coated blank is finish shaped to canister form by a blowing process. The result is a "bonded structure" that substantially prevents permeation of aromatic substances and acyclic and alicyclic compounds. The method is particularly suitable for manufacturing canisters to hold lead-free gasoline.

Abstract: A method of forming a spark plug boot which utilizes an extrusion process. An elastomeric tube is extruded, then heated to a partially cured condition. The tube is then cut into individual pieces. The individual pieces are stretched over a pin which has at least one external shoulder. The pin and tube are then heated to a temperature and for a time to provide a final cure. The tube is stripped from the pin. The compression set and shrinkage results in an internal shoulder in the tube, allowing it to serve as a spark plug boot.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for injection blow molding hollow plastic articles characterized by a rapid and efficient operating cycle. The injection mold includes a mold cavity and the blow mold is located adjacent the mold cavity in side-by-side relationship. The parison is injection molded into the mold cavity onto a core. The parison on the core is separated from the mold cavity by moving the parison on the core axially in a straight path away from the mold cavity, followed by movement in a substantially arcuate path into axial alignment with the blow mold, followed by axial movement in a straight path into said blow mold.

Abstract: Plastic articles possessing a "wet" appearance, and a method for their manufacture, are disclosed. The "wet" appearance is achieved by injection of water in a parison prior to or simultaneous with expansion of said parison in an otherwise conventional blow molding operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process of making an oriented and heat set blow molded bottle of poly(ethylene terephthalate) so that the bottles resulting from the process have a density over 1.3860 cc./gm. and an onset-of-shrinkage temperature over 80.degree. C. In the process preform preheated to a temperature suitable for orientation is biaxially stretched in a blow mold and then while the hollow article walls are still in contact with the blow mold walls, the article is raised to a higher heat setting temperature in the range of 200.degree.-250.degree. C. (except for the neck) thus heat setting the bottle, and while the article is still at a shrinkage resisting pressure exceeding atmospheric cooling the article to a temperature at which it maintains its shape when not pressurized but not below 100.degree. C. It is also particularly disclosed that this cooling step can be done outside the mold.

Abstract: A machine particularly useful for the blow molding of large thermoplastic articles such as cylindrical drums comprises a plurality of stations through which mold cavities are successively advanced. At a first station, containing a cart-mounted blow assembly an article is blow molded to substantially its final form in a cavity with the blow medium being introduced via a blow pin assembly operatively associated with the cavity after the blow assembly has been operatively engaged with the blow pin assembly. After the blowing operation has been completed, the blow assembly is operatively disengaged from the blow pin assembly and the cavity with the blown article is transported in a second station, the blow pin assembly traveling with the cavity. At the second station, an auxiliary blow assembly is operatively engaged with the blow pin assembly to circulate medium through the interior of the article.

Abstract: This relates to the supplying of blow molding gas to a blow molding system. Most particularly, this relates to a blow molding gas supply which includes a low pressure supply and a high pressure supply and wherein the high pressure blowing gas of the molding operation is used to replenish the low pressure supply, thereby eliminating the presently required separate outside supply.

Abstract: An integral hinged blow molded container having a single wall is produced by inflating a parison within a mold having a hinge forming area with a draw ratio of greater than 1 whereby the parison is reduced to thickness within the hinge forming area relative to the adjacent area. The thus formed parison is severed about a circumference adjacent the formed hinge to create a top portion and a bottom portion openable and closable about the hinge.

Abstract: An integral hinged blow molded container having a single wall is produced by inflating a parison within a mold having a hinge forming area with a draw ratio of greater than 1 whereby the parison is reduced in thickness within the hinge forming area relative to the adjacent area. The thus formed parison is severed about a circumference adjacent the formed hinge to create a top portion and a bottom portion openable and closable about the hinge.

Abstract: A pipe of oriented thermoplastic polymeric material having an integral socket is manufactured by expanding a tubular blank having a portion of greater wall thickness which is positioned in a portion of a female mould defining the socket. The tubular blank is heated by circulation of hot water to a temperature at which deformation will induce oriention of the polymer molecules, and is then expanded radially outwards against the mould by application of internal pressure. In this manner the wall thickness and rigidity of the socket are increased.

Abstract: A method for producing a hollow synthetic resin article, which comprises opening a split mold having an inner molding surface with a contour conforming to the configuration of the desired article, feeding a heated molding material of a thermoplastic synthetic resin in the form of a tube or two parallel-laid sheets into a space between the opposing mold members of the split mold, applying a negative pressure to vacuum suction holes provided in the molding surfaced and the parting surfaces of the split mold to vacuum-form the molding material, and while the negative pressure is being applied or after the application of the negative pressure is stopped, closing the mold to form the molding material into the final desired configuration.

Abstract: Articles, such as containers, can have their barrier properties improved either by using a small percentage of fluorine or other materials in the gas that is used at the blowing station of an injection blow molding machine. Some of these materials, such as fluorine, are a hazard to operators of the machine. This invention encloses the operational stations so that the blowing gas mixture cannot escape into the atmosphere of the shop where the blow molding machine is operating. An inert gas such as nitrogen is mixed with the fluorine gas, and the enclosing housing is purged when the machine is shut down at the end of a run.

Abstract: In a blow molding process in which a parison is blown with a blowing gas containing a reactive gas component capable of reacting with the inner walls of the parison, the blowing gas is removed from the resulting blown article with a purging gas and stored for reuse. The mixture of blowing and purging gases in a reserve tank or other suitable means is adjusted to a certain level of pressure and reactive gas concentration and then recycled as the blowing gas in a subsequent blow molding step. The resulting blown articles from this process have improved properties, e.g. improved impermeability against non-polar solvents when fluorine is the reactive gas.

Abstract: In a blow molding process in which a parison is blown to form an article which is then cooled and recovered, a liquified gas is introduced into the interior of partially blown article where it becomes vaporized and causes the completion of the blowing step as well as to cool the article. A mixture of the blowing gas and vaporized liquified gas is recovered and recycled for use as the blowing gas in a subsequent blow molding step.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for blow molding poly(ethylene terephthalate) preforms, such as injection molded parison, to achieve exterior surface embossed designs on blown containers without using profiled blow mold cavity walls. In the method, a raised profile is molded or otherwise formed on the exterior wall of the preform, defining a preform wall portion having embossed areas. Then the entire preform is heated to blowing temperature and it is also disclosed that when the raised portion is at the same time raised to a higher temperature the embossed design of the preform is opacified by crystallization without crystallizing the balance of the preform. Thereafter, the preform is blow molded under conditions such that the poly(ethylene terephthalate) material strain hardens in order to cause the different wall thicknesses to expand and stretch essentially proportionately.

Abstract: A method for applying prefabricated parts for reinforcing, supporting, forming, reshaping or labeling to articles blow molded from a thermoplastic material. A hot parison is blown in a mold into a preform having a shape slightly smaller than the finished article. The preform is then removed from its mold and the prefabricated part is attached to the preform. The preform is then blow molded to impart the finished shape to the article and to embed the prefabricated part into the article.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for forming blown thermoplastic articles in which an extrusion head extrudes an essentially tubular parison of thermoplastic material. Sections of a preform mold are then closed around the parison, the sections having a preform cavity with a configuration such that one end of the parison is open after closing and the other end is enclosed. A core pin is next inserted into the open end of the parison and is utilized to compression mold the parison to form a preform. Heat is transferred from the parison through the inner and outer walls of the preform between the mold cavity and core pin during the compression molding step in order to thermally condition the preform and being the temperature within the desired range. The sections of the preform mold are then opened and the preform is enclosed within sections of blow molds within a blow mold cavity. The preform is next expanded to the shape of the blow mold cavity.

Abstract: A motive power battery casing is blow molded in an oblong configuration of rectangular cross-section. The die is notched so as to create longitudinal ribs of relatively greater thickness of the molding material in a generally cylindrical parison. The casing mold is vented in the bottom at its corners to assure full development of the casing corners. The casing is formed with relatively thin side walls and a relatively thicker collar of the molding material near its top in order to provide sufficient strength for heat sealing at the top.

Abstract: A blow slot equipped core rod assembly which incorporates a porous metal wall portion. Internal conduit means in the assembly permit a fluid (such as air, or the like) to be supplied to said blow slot (when open) and to such porous metal wall portion under superatmospheric or under subatmospheric pressure. The core rod is particularly useful in the manufacture of multilayered thermoplastic containers by injection blow molding procedures.

Abstract: A colorless plastic bottle for nail polish or the like, and a method of making such a bottle. The bottle is blow molded from a color-free barrier resin such as a rubber modified acrylonitrile-methylacrylate copolymer. Tinting to compensate for inherent coloration is performed during melting in a reciprocating screw injection unit. By close control of processing temperature and injection and molding conditions a transparent bottle free of color unevenness or burns is obtained.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for blow molding polyethylene terephthalate preforms, such as injection molded parisons, to achieve exterior surface indentations on blown containers without using profiled mold cavity walls. In the method, a profile is molded or otherwise formed in the exterior wall of the preform, defining a preform wall portion having sections of different thicknesses. Then, the preform is blow molded under conditions so that the polyethylene terephthalate material strain hardens in order to cause the different wall thicknesses to expand and stretch proportionately. As a result, the blown containers formed by this method include a surface contour which is essentially proportionately shaped to the surface profile formed on the pre-existing preforms.

Abstract: A gas head extrusion apparatus (10), having upper (12) and lower (13) chambers, is arranged to feed glass particulate (60) into the upper chamber (12). The particulate (60) is heated to consolidate the particulate (60) into a first viscous melt (71) as an elevated gas pressure is simultaneously applied within the chamber (12). The first viscous melt (71) is urged through a narrow opening (16) in the bottom (14) of the upper chamber (12) into the lower chamber (13) to form a second viscous melt (73). The lower chamber (13) is pressurized to a second pressure, P.sub.2, where P.sub.1 >P.sub.2. Gas bubbles, having an internal pressure, P.sub.1, formed during the consolidation process in the upper chamber (12), will expand in the lower chamber (13) to facilitate removal thereof from the melt (73). The lower pressure, P.sub.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a double walled mould interior divided into two halves, a heat exchange exterior hollow envelope and a pressure-exchange compartment within the envelope surrounding the adjacent abutting surfaces of the rims of the two mould halves, heat-exchanges and pressure-exchanges producing means to rotate the apparatus on two axes, means to introduce a protective gas into the mould to avoid combustion of vapors and optional means cooperating between the heat-exchange and pressure-exchange means in the heating and cooling phases.The method includes controls of pressure and heat-exchange steps during the heating and cooling stages to avoid formation of bubbles, deformities and combustions, particularly when transparent plastic materials difficult to mould are used.

Abstract: A molded plastic article having either a transparent window or a mirror insert therein is produced by molding a plastic mass around the insert with a layer of insulation or parting material interposed between the plastic mass and the insert.