Abstract: The application provides a method for manufacturing melt-spinning alloys and an apparatus thereof, which belongs to the technical field of metal materials and preparation thereof. The main feature of method including steps of melting alloy and jetting the molten alloy for rapid-quenching is that alloy melting and rapid-quenching are respectively implemented in independent environments, and the pressure of the two environments can be adjusted separately. The method can realize uniformity control of rapid-quenching velocity by controlling the melting and quenching pressure respectively, which has the advantages of increased rapid-quenching cooling rate, improved melt-spinning alloys thickness uniformity, reduced probability of nozzle clogging.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for producing metals and/or primary metal products, in particular pig iron and/or primary pig iron products, in which a metal-containing charge material, in particular in fine particle form, is introduced, using pneumatic conveying, by means of a carrier gas stream, in the form of a stream of medium formed from the charge material and the carrier gas stream, into a melting unit, in particular a melter gasifier, for further processing. According to the invention, the charge material is introduced after the carrier gas stream has been separated off and separately at at least two introduction points, so that at least two partial quantities of the charge material can be introduced independently of one another and continuously or in stacked form.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a smelting operation or the like, by which molten metal is produced from a metal oxide after metal oxide agglomerates are directly reduced and melted with a carbonaceous material in an electric heating and melting furnace. More specifically, the present invention relates to an electric furnace for producing molten metal that has material recycling capability, especially in-process material recycling capability.

Abstract: A heating method for heating vessels, the vessels having enclosed spaces therein and controlling air ingress into the enclosed spaces through gaps. The method includes providing a lid structure for the vessel having the enclosed space, the lid structure having a burner assembly mounted therein. The burner is configured to provide a predetermined flame diameter. The vessel and lid structure are mated such that the gap is formed between the vessel and the lid structure. Fuel and oxidant are discharged from the burner assembly under conditions to provide the predetermined flame diameter and impart a flame velocity sufficiently large to create an outward gas flow from the enclosed space through the gap and control air ingress.

Abstract: A method for producing metallic iron including providing a hearth furnace having an entry end and a discharge end, a moveable hearth, and an exhaust stack positioned toward the entry end of the furnace, providing a carbonaceous hearth layer above the hearth, providing a layer of reducible material comprising reducing material and iron bearing material, delivering a flow of gases into the hearth furnace through burners, gas injection ports, or a combination thereof directing a flow of gases toward the entry end selected from combustible fuel, oxygen and carbon dioxide, oxygen and flue gas, oxygen and air, or a combination thereof to heat the furnace to a temperature sufficient to at least partially reduce the reducible material, increasing the velocity of the flow of gas to greater than 4 feet per second along the furnace, and heating the layer of reducible material to at least partially reduce the reducible material.

Abstract: A burner for a flash smelting furnace. The burner has an adjustable nozzle to control the velocity of the combustion gas supply to the reaction shaft. The nozzle is defined by the burner injector and a surrounding structure that extends from the burner wind box through an opening in the burner block that integrates the burner with the furnace. The nozzle is adjusted by control means that is exterior of the wind box.

Abstract: A burner for a flash smelting furnace. The burner includes a distributor for receiving pulverous feed material from a plurality of feed pipes. The distributor has at least one curved deflector that directs the feed stream in an evenly distributed annulus into the sleeve of the burner.

Abstract: A burner for a flash smelting furnace. The burner includes an injector having a sleeve for delivering pulverous feed material to the furnace and having a central lance within the sleeve to supply compressed air for dispersing the pulverous feed material in the reaction shaft of the furnace. The central lance has an annular slot at its tip for creating a substantially continuous air curtain.

Abstract: By means of the invention, nanoparticles, which can be pure metal, alloys of two or more metals, a mixture of agglomerates, or particles possessing a shell structure, are manufactured in a gas phase. Due to the low temperature of the gas exiting from the apparatus, metallic nanoparticles can also be mixed with temperature-sensitive materials, such as polymers. The method is economical and is suitable for industrial-scale production. A first embodiment of the invention is the manufacture of metallic nanoparticles for ink used in printed electronics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a furnace slag door, comprising at least one panel which is moveable, in a mounted state of the slag door, from an opened position, in which the panel is remote from a corresponding slag discharge opening within the furnace wall to a closed position, in which the panel covers at least part of said slag discharge opening. The invention further comprises a corresponding furnace equipped with such slag door. The furnace is, in particular, an electric arc furnace (EAF) but may be as well of another type.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein provide hydrocarbon additives and methods of making and using the same. The additives are suitable for use in conjunction with gasifiers, furnaces, or other high-temperature vessels. The additives may be part of an input stream to a reaction vessel of a hydrocarbon gasifier. The additives may include materials that at least partially reduce the infiltration of slag into the refractory material.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention comprise a preheater for preheating a ladle for use in steelmaking wherein less fuel is consumed in heating the ladle efficiently and accurately to a controlled temperature. A preheater temperature is varied by controlling a burner of the heating unit based on measurements of refractories of the ladle taken by a pyrometer. The heating unit of the preheater includes an emissive coating for reducing heat loss and efficient heating during the preheating process. The heating unit of the preheater also includes valve mechanisms for accurately varying a flame size of the burner by regulating the rate of fuel, air, and oxygen supplied to the heating unit.

Abstract: A slag discharge door apparatus for an electric furnace is disclosed. The apparatus includes a door which is operated by a door operator to open or close a slag discharge outlet of the electric furnace, and a door support which supports the door in such a way that a portion of a lower end of the door overlaps with the door support, so that slag is inhibited from leaking out of the electric furnace through the slag discharge outlet.

Abstract: An electric arc melting facility includes a melting chamber configured to melt a source iron therein by an electrode, and a shaft-shaped preheating chamber directly connected to the melting chamber. The preheating chamber includes a bottom surface inclined downward toward the melting chamber. A shaft opening dimension is set to an optimum value for controlling the supply of the source iron. A pushing device is disposed at a lower side of the preheating chamber and configured to move the source iron toward the melting chamber. The supply of the source iron from the preheating chamber to the melting chamber is performed by operating the pushing device. The supply of the source iron from the preheating chamber to the melting chamber is stopped by halting the operation of the pushing device.

Abstract: A stack of copper plates is placed in a melting chamber having a closed roof of refractory material. The stack is placed in a tilted orientation leaning against a side wall of the melting chamber, with lower edges of the copper plates resting on an inclined hearth surface. A door to the melting chamber is closed to block the infiltration of oxygen. A burner is fired into the melting chamber to heat the closed roof of refractory material, and the stack of copper plates is melted under the influence of combustion products from the burner and heat radiated from the closed roof. Molten copper is drained downward from the bottom edge of the inclined hearth surface to avoid immersing the copper plates in a molten bath.

Abstract: A device for distributing charge material into a shaft furnace includes a main housing, a distribution chute, a suspension rotor and an adjustment rotor, which are rotatable about a substantially vertical axis, the chute is suspended to the suspension rotor to rotate therewith for circumferential distribution of charge material and adjustable in orientation through the adjustment rotor for radial distribution of charge material, a differential gear interconnects the suspension rotor and the adjustment rotor and is configured to transmit to the adjustment rotor the same speed of rotation that is imparted to the suspension rotor by a main rotation drive unless an adjustment drive imparts differential rotation to the adjustment rotor, the device further including: a first gear casing arranged on the main housing and enclosing a gear mechanism that connects the main rotation drive to a first output shaft that protrudes into the main housing where it is connected to a gearwheel that meshes with a first gear rin

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for controlling of the microstructures of a soldered, brazed, welded, plated, cast, or vapor deposited manufactured component. The systems typically use relatively weak magnetic fields of either constant or varying flux to affect material properties within a manufactured component, typically without modifying the alloy, or changing the chemical composition of materials or altering the time, temperature, or transformation parameters of a manufacturing process. Such systems and processes may be used with components consisting of only materials that are conventionally characterized as be uninfluenced by magnetic forces.

Abstract: A method of production of Zinc dust, which includes melting Zinc products in a melting furnace on a semi-continuous basis, transferring at least a part of the molten Zinc products to a vaporizing furnace, vaporizing the molten Zinc in the vaporizing furnace into Zinc vapour on a substantially continuous basis, transferring Zinc vapour from the vaporizing furnace to a condenser, and condensing the Zinc vapour to form Zinc dust.

Abstract: A refractory bottom for a metallurgical vessel comprised of a bottom lining having a bottom surface that is dimensioned to overlay a bottom of a metallurgical vessel and an upper surface. The upper surface is comprised of a plurality of discrete sections that include an uppermost section, an intermediate section and a lowermost section. Each section has an upper surface at a discrete elevation such that the upper surface of the uppermost section has a highest elevation and the upper surface of the lowermost section has a lowest elevation. The upper surface of the uppermost section, the intermediate section and the lowermost section comprise a series of successive stepped sections that define a stepped path from the uppermost section downward to the lowermost section. Each successive section of the upper surface is lower than a preceding section.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carbonaceous refractory, and a method of production of the same, which prevents a drop in the molten pig iron corrosion resistance, molten pig iron penetration resistance, and other properties of carbonaceous refractories required for blast furnace bottom refractories and, further, raises the mechanical strength of the refractories so as to suppress cracking due to thermal stress, that is, a carbonaceous refractory characterized by comprising a carbonaceous material comprised of one or more of calcined anthracite, calcined coke, natural graphite, or artificial graphite in 60 to 85 mass %, a refractory metal oxide in 5 to 15 mass %, metal silicon in 4 to 15 mass %, and carbon black in 2 to 10 mass % and by being obtained by adding an organic binder to refractory materials made a total 100 mass %, kneading the materials, then molding them and firing them in a nonoxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: Methods for degassing and for removing impurities from molten metals are disclosed. These methods can include operating an ultrasonic device in a molten metal bath, and adding a purging gas into the molten metal bath in close proximity to the ultrasonic device.

Abstract: A nanoparticle manufacturing device capable of particle size control of nanoparticles made of a raw material metal powder and control of the occurrence condition of chaining of nanoparticles and of necking. The device 1 is provided for manufacturing nanoparticles by heating and melting a mixture of a raw material metal powder and a carrier gas in a heating space, cooling the mixture in a cooling space and collecting the mixture in a collection space. The heating space, the cooling space and the collection space form a continuous flow path without a back flow, and the cross-sectional area of the collection space is set at a large value compared to the cross-sectional area of the heating space and the cooling space. Further, there is provided a method of manufacturing a nanoparticle-dispersed liquid alkali metal by dispersing nanoparticles in a liquid alkali metal.

Abstract: Metallurgical reactors having cooling capability and electrode feed capability are disclosed. The reactors may include a shell having a sidewall and a bottom, where the shell is adapted to contain a molten material. The reactors may include at least one consumable electrode protruding through an opening of the shell and into the molten material. The reactors may include a current contact clamp configured to conduct operating current to the electrode, where the current clamp is in contact with the electrode, and where the current clamp comprises at least one internal channel, wherein the internal channel is configured to circulate a cooling medium. The reactors may include an electric isolation ring disposed between the electrode and the opening of the shell, wherein the electric isolation ring is configured to sealingly engage the electrode and the opening so as to restrict flow of the molten material out of the shell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for heating molten metal by the use of a heater that can be immersed into the molten metal. This immersion heater includes an outer cover formed of one or more materials resistant to the molten metal in which the immersion heater is to be used, and a heating element inside of the outer cover, where the heating element is protected from contacting the molten metal.

Abstract: A scrap submergence vessel for melting scrap metal is disclosed. The vessel comprises a front wall comprising an inlet, a back wall (opposite the front wall) comprising an outlet, and a flow direction member that causes molten metal flowing into the inlet to be directed at least partially upward against a portion of the back wall. The movement of molten metal through the vessel creates a downward pull that draws metal scrap placed above or within the vessel downward into the molten metal bath where it melts.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved alkali metal dispenser which is pure and free of contaminant gases, and provides for controlled releasing, delivery and recycling of the alkali metal in multiple stages in a controlled manner. The present invention also provides an alkali metal pump or getter.

Abstract: A method of preparing bismuth oxide and an apparatus therefor are disclosed. The method includes: melting bismuth metal; transporting the melted bismuth metal to an open first reactor and oxidizing the melted bismuth metal while stirring at a temperature of 300-650° C.; and transporting bismuth oxide and un-reacted material to a closed second reactor through a screw and oxidizing the bismuth oxide and un-reacted material while rotating the closed second reactor at a temperature of 300-600° C. with a supply of air or oxygen.

Abstract: A device for adjusting a locking point of an electrode of a smelting furnace including: a vice for supporting the electrode and supplying the electrode with power, and a structure coupled with the vice and including a support mechanism of the electrode and a mechanism moving the electrode vertically.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a movable sweat hearth for use with a metal melting furnace having a wall provided with a metal-loading entrance. The sweat hearth includes a hearth body movable relative to the furnace into and out of contact with the wall of the furnace at the entrance. The body has exterior walls enclosing a hollow interior except at a furnace-engagable side wall of the hearth body provided with an opening communicating with the interior. The interior has a floor adapted to support a charge of scrap metal, and the opening is positioned relative to the floor to allow molten metal to drain from the interior through the opening. The floor is arranged at an angle to horizontal to slope in a downward direction towards the opening when the container is moved into sealing engagement with the wall of the furnace with the opening aligned with the furnace entrance.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a hopper and a reduction device using the same. The hopper and the reduction device can be used to refining a material using thermal reduction reaction. The reduction device has a body defining cavity and a hopper, wherein the hopper is slidably disposed in the cavity.

Abstract: A method for forming an object, including providing at least a first material having a melting point at a first temperature and a second material having a melting point at a second temperature; heating at least a portion of the first and second materials above the first and second temperatures to form a substantially molten alloy, the molten alloy having a solidifying point at a third temperature, the third temperature being less than the first temperature and the second temperature; and providing substantially solid further material to at least a portion of the molten alloy, the further material having a melting point at a temperature greater than the third temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to an industrial furnace for melting and gas-treating nonferrous metals.

Abstract: A non-ferrous metal melting furnace includes a non-ferrous metal melt pump, a vortex chamber body, and a magnetic field device formed of permanent magnets. The vortex chamber body makes a non-ferrous metal melt flow into a vortex chamber from an inlet, makes the non-ferrous metal melt flow in a spiral shape by applying a driving force to the non-ferrous metal melt in the vortex chamber, and discharges the non-ferrous metal melt from the vortex chamber to an outlet. The magnetic field device formed of permanent magnets is disposed outside the vortex chamber and below a bottom plate of the vortex chamber, and applies the driving force to the non-ferrous metal melt by an electromagnetic force that is generated by current flowing in the non-ferrous metal melt and magnetic lines of force from the magnetic field device formed of permanent magnets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a furnace (10), its method of operation and control. The invention overcomes problems associated with existing furnaces by improving the recovery rate of waste metal. In a preferred embodiment the furnace (10) comprises a cylindrical body of constant internal diameter. The furnace body (12) is mounted on a frame (15) pivoted to a ground members (16a and 16b), the furnace body (12) is adapted to be reclined or inclined or at various angles (? and ?); a burner (30) to heat the furnace, and a door (19a, 19b) for sealing an open end (14). As the internal walls of the furnace body (12) are of a constant diameter, it is no longer necessary to incline the furnace (10) to such a degree in order to pour molten metal, because there is no narrow neck (which previously acted like a weir). In a preferred embodiment combustion air is routed through the door hinge to the burner (30).

Abstract: A method for controlling a molten metal material in an injection apparatus that includes a cylinder body with a nozzle at a front end, and a discharge opening on a bottom side of a rear portion. Heating means are provided on an outer periphery of the cylinder body and an injection cylinder is inserted onto an injection plunger for a forward and backward travel within a clearance inside the cylinder body. A material melting and supplying apparatus on a top portion of the injection cylinder has a bottom end outlet communicating with a cylinder body supply opening. Molten metal material accumulates from the supply opening in a cylinder front portion by backward plunge travel and is injected by a forward plunge travel. Heating means maintains the temperature of the molten metal material in front and middle cylinder portions and allows a lower temperature in a rear portion providing a seal metal as well as a lubricant.

Abstract: A reactor has a casing composed of a magnesia-based refractory, and a bottom plate composed of an MgO-graphite mixed refractory is disposed on a bottom part of this casing. A graphite crucible is provided at a bottom of the reactor, and the graphite crucible and the reactor are joined together by a magnesia cylinder. Iron ore powder, coal powder, and other such raw materials supplied into the reactor are irradiated with microwaves from microwave oscillators and are heated. The iron ore is reduced, and the resulting molten pig iron flows out through a hole into a crucible, and then is poured out of the crucible through another hole into a ladle. It is thereby possible to manufacture molten pig iron with high energy efficiency, instead of using blast-furnace iron-making.

Abstract: The present invention arranges the part for removing impurities from a molten metal containing a filter holder constituted of a structure containing an organic fiber, an inorganic fiber and thermosetting resin and a heat-resistant filter in the runner of the mold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for inserting metal ingots (2) into a metal bath (3), in particular zinc ingots into a zinc bath, wherein the device (1) comprises feed means (4) with which an ingot (2) can be fed to the metal bath (3), and wherein the device (1) comprises heating means (5) with which the ingot (2) can be heated to a desired temperature before and/or after its feeding into the metal bath (3). In order to improve the process control, it is provided according to the invention that the heating means (5) comprise at least one independently operated heating element which can be operated independently of other system parts with which the device (1) cooperates.

Abstract: A refining apparatus for scrap silicon using an electron beam which is suitable for recycling of scrap silicon which is formed during the manufacture of silicon products such as silicon wafers includes a vacuum chamber, a crucible installed within the vacuum chamber, a hearth which is installed next to the crucible within the vacuum chamber and which receives granular scrap silicon and which melts granular silicon by irradiation with an electron beam and which supplies molten silicon to the crucible, and a raw material supply apparatus which is installed within the vacuum chamber and which stores a prescribed amount of granular scrap silicon and supplies the stored granular scrap silicon via a chute.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for charging hot direct reduced iron (HDRI) from hot transport vessels (HTVs) into a melter or finisher. In general, the apparatus includes a charging stand including a plurality of bays for receiving and supporting a plurality of HTVs. Each HTV includes at least an outlet port. This outlet port is configured to engage an inlet port of one of the plurality of bays of the charging stand via a telescoping seal that provides a substantially air-tight seal. A feed device is provided that moves the HDRI disposed within the HTVs from the outlet port/inlet port interface to a melter or finisher, such as an electric arc furnace (EAF) or the like. The charging stand also includes one or more load cells operable for weighing the HTVs and the HDRI disposed therein, such that a computer or other logic may be used to control the feed rate of the HDRI charged into the melter or finisher.

Abstract: In a system for processing metal, a furnace is provided which receives the metal being processed. At least one heating burner is provided in the furnace together with at least one atmosphere burner of substantially a same construction as the heating burner. An exhaust of the atmosphere burner at least partially provides an atmosphere within the furnace for the metal processing. An exhaust of the heating burner is separate from the exhaust of the atmosphere burner. A fuel feed for the atmosphere burner and a fuel feed for the heating burner are each separately controllable.

Abstract: A stack of copper plates is placed in a melting chamber having a closed roof of refractory material. The stack is placed in a tilted orientation leaning against a side wall of the melting chamber, with lower edges of the copper plates resting on an inclined hearth surface. A door to the melting chamber is closed to block the infiltration of oxygen. A burner is fired into the melting chamber to heat the closed roof of refractory material, and the stack of copper plates is melted under the influence of combustion products from the burner and heat radiated from the closed roof. Molten copper is drained downward from the bottom edge of the inclined hearth surface to avoid immersing the copper plates in a molten bath.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of high efficient slag scooping-up from liquid iron and a device for implementing said method. The two wings of slag rake mounted to the front end of cantilever descend side by side until beneath the surface of the liquid iron at a certain depth. The two rakes make swing movement respectively along the surface of liquid iron. When gradually moving close to each other in the course of swing movement, they get put together and clamp the solid slag. Then, driven by the cantilever, the two slag rakes which clamp the sold slag are brought to ascend until above the surface at a certain height. Finally they leave the space over the ladle and discharge the slag. The deslagging rate can reach over 90%. It just takes less than 3 minutes for the whole process of slagging-off. Additionally, the iron carried away in the process of slagging-off could be greatly reduced. The iron loss rate can be strictly controlled within 0.1%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ladle block for use in a bottom of a molten metal ladle. The ladle block reduces the amount of contaminants, particularly slag, exiting the ladle during casting operations. The ladle block includes a floor defining an outlet and sidewalls substantially orthogonal to the floor. The floor and sidewalls define a channel having dimensions of length, width and height. Channel dimensions are determined from the Froude number, which is based at least partially on the casting flow rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water-containing slip for producing a BN-containing coating on a substrate, which comprises, based on the solids content of the slip, a) 45-90% by weight of BN, b) 3-25% by weight of boehmite nanoparticles, c) 0.5-5% by weight of at least one borate, d) 2-30% by weight of at least one water-insoluble boron compound which is different from the components a) and c), e) 2-30% by weight of an organic compound, where the solids content of the slip is 15-60% by weight. The slip according to the invention is suitable for producing self-healing and hot-flexible coatings which are outstandingly suitable for foundry applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a melting or reduction furnace (2), in which the charge stock (9) is supplied using feed pipes (17). Each feed pipe (17) has a mouthpiece (18) that is not cooled and is configured from an uncooled wear-resistant inner guide pipe (19) and an uncooled concentric, heat-resistant outer protective pipe (20).

Abstract: Devices may be in contact with molten metals such as copper, for example. The devices may include, but are not limited to, a die used for producing articles made from the molten metal, a sensor for determining an amount of a dissolved gas in the molten metal, or an ultrasonic device for reducing gas content (e.g., hydrogen) in the molten metal. Niobium may be used as a protective barrier for the devices when they are exposed to the molten metals.

Abstract: This invention relates to a waste treatment furnace and method comprising: Generating a molten metal bed, which moves in a forward direction, such as to define a closed circuit in a cyclical and continuous manner, the surface of said bed comprising at least one essentially-slag-free segment. Loading waste onto the aforementioned essentially-slag-free segment, the waste being dragged by the molten metal bed such that it floats in the mentioned forward direction. Retaining the waste on the surface of the molten metal bed as it moves in the mentioned forward direction. Treating the waste under the effect of the constant and continuous heat exchange generated by the movement of the molten metal bed beneath the waste retained thereon.

Abstract: A method of vacuum and pollution-free arsenic extraction, wherein increase the temperature of smelting chamber to 100-300° C. and then hold the temperature to remove the vapor and small quantity of dust in the arsenic concentrate; Under residual pressure?50 Pa, increase the temperature of smelting chamber and crystallization chamber to 300-500° C. and then hold the temperature to remove the volatilized arsenic sulfides; Hold the temperature of crystallization chamber, increase the temperature of smelting chamber to 500-600° C. and then hold the temperature to remove the gaseous element sulfur decomposed; Increase the temperature of smelting chamber to 600-760° C. and then hold the temperature, lower the crystallization chamber temperature to 270-370° C. and then hold the temperature to get element arsenic; shutdown, lower the temperature, charge the air, stripe arsenic product and conduct deslagging, and extract fine gold using conventional method.

Abstract: A method of and a smelter for producing steel (1) with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron (2) or liquid steel (3) and slag-forming constituents (4) with the object of preventing existing drawbacks of process route in vessels other than, e.g., electrical arc furnaces (18). With steel produced with a high manganese and low carbon content, in a process, the carbon component is reduced to about 0.7-0.8% by a combined blowing of oxygen (7) through top lances (8) and underbath nozzles (9) after feeding of liquid ferro-manganese (50 and liquid steel (3a) in a FeMn-refining converter (6a), wherein a component of a cold end product from premelt is added as cooling means (10), and wherein the carbon component is reduced to about 0.05-0.1% C by a continuous blowing of oxygen (7) through the underbath nozzles.