Abstract: An engine RPM control device has a load compensator responsive to the engine load status setting for adding a load compensation signal to the output from a control signal computing unit, thereby enabling an actuator to open or close a throttle valve. The engine RPM is controlled through a feedback loop. A load driver is actuated to drive the engine load a time interval after the engine load status setting has been detected by a load switch. Therefore, the engine load is energized or de-energized after the engine RPM has been changed to meet the engine load status setting. Any reduction or increase in the engine RPM due to the change of the engine load is thus held to a minimum.

Abstract: In one form of the invention, means are provided for sensing changes in electrical power demanded from an electrical generator driven by a gas turbine engine. In response, other means change the rate of fuel and air delivery to the engine in proportion to the demand changes and keep the combustor fuel-air ratio substantially constant.

Abstract: Stabilization of the engine speed is effected rapidly particularly during idle running because there is provided a generator control means capable of suppressing or stopping power generation of a generator driven by an engine in the event the engine speed decreases below a predetermined value. Additionally, according to the present invention it is also possible to provide means capable of adjusting the amount of intake air fed to the engine combustion chamber, whereby in the event of decrease of the engine speed, for example, during idle running it is made possible to stabilize the engine speed rapidly and surely through control of generated energy for a short time and control of the amount of intake air for a long time. Furthermore, the present invention is applicable also to an operating cylinder number control type engine capable of bringing part of cylinders into a non-operative state.

Abstract: A control system is provided for controlling the distribution of load among a plurality of generators with some of those generators responding quickly to control and some being slow in response. The area control error signal is divided into portions to provide a unit error signal assigned to each generator. A control is utilized which responds to the unit error signal to reposition the governor motor until the error signal is reduced to zero. Applying that control to slow responding units requires anticipation of the generation changes to be expected after full response. Control of the governor motor position so as to modify generation is from the unit error signal as modified in accordance with the difference between the desired generation for the units as required for economic considerations and the actual generation with that difference being modified by a signal which is a function of the anticipated generation. That function is expressable in one form by the equation ##EQU1## where: K is a constantP.sub.

Abstract: A control system for a prime mover may include a proportional speed control, a primary overspeed control and an emergency overspeed control. The proportional speed signal is obtained from select highest value logic, whereas overspeed and loss of speed signals are submitted to two out of three logic and two out of four logic, respectively. A passive emergency overspeed channel is provided in combination with the primary overspeed channel to respective de-energize and energize trip relays connected to electrohydraulic trip devices.

Abstract: Device for determining the power output of a turbo-group during disturbances in the electricity supply network, the working-medium pressures at the beginning and the end of all turbine-sections being utilized, from the time the disturbance breaks out, throughout its duration, and until the signal oscillations die away, in order to generate a signal representing the instantaneous power output of the turbo-group, this signal being employed to implement the regulating function during the disturbance.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and a control system for synchronizing the frequency of electrical current produced by a generator with the frequency of electrical current in an electric power grid so that the output of the generator can be provided to the grid. The generator is driven by an expansion turbine which utilizes hot pressurized gas from a process in which the pressure must be maintained constant.

Abstract: A prime mover which is equipped with an electric speed governor may produce adequate electrical power output through a shaft driven permanent magnet alternator to run the electric speed governor. However, initially an auxiliary power source must be connected to the electric governor until the permanent magnet alternator becomes self-sustaining. The present invention is an electrical circuit which will automatically provide start-up power from an auxiliary source and then switch to the permanent magnet alternator. Certain safety interlocks are provided in case of speed pick-up failure.

Abstract: In a generator system, a load is alternatively connected to or disconnected from a generator to make it easy for the generator to get the load to start.

Abstract: The disclosure sets forth trip circuitry for a rotating shaft machine which includes redundant overspeed protection and means for testing the overspeed protection circuit while the machine remains in operation. Moreover, further protective circuitry is provided for detecting a failure in the speed sensing system. The overspeed protection and the speed sensing failure circuit are each connected to a relay system which may actuate a trip servo valve to a closed position.

Abstract: An electronic speed error signal processing circuit is provided which attenuates rapid fluctuations ocurring in the speed error signal used to control the fluid inlet valve of a fluid driven prime mover. Such fluctuations contribute greatly to valve wear by causing "valve flutter," the continual rapid opening and closing of the inlet valve as the speed control system of a prime mover instantaneously responds to any small speed error signal fluctuation. By attenuating these rapid fluctuations, valve flutter is reduced.

Abstract: A turbine speed control system comprising a pair of concurrently operable electronic microprocessor-based controllers which are coupled together by a data link to functionally cooperate in controlling turbine acceleration primarily during start-up operations in accordance with a set of predetermined measured and calculated turbine conditions. One controller is operative to control the speed of the turbine at selected accelerations from turning gear to a predetermined speed value. This same controller monitors a plurality of temperature differences from preselected regions of the turbine and inhibits turbine acceleration in accordance with an out-of-limit temperature condition associated therewith. In addition, the one controller is further operative to selectively override the turbine speed hold initiated by an out-of-limit temperature condition, the override permitting the one controller to proceed with controlling the speed of the turbine at a desired acceleration.

Abstract: A method of electrical power generation is disclosed wherein the energy source to operate the said electrical power generation apparatus is that energy existing between two fluid sources being at different temperatures and therefore at different energy levels. These fluid sources could be as divergent as warm underground crude oil as it is pumped from wells and the cooler atmospheric air above the said oil wells, or as intimately related as the warm water output from conventional and nuclear power generating plants and the cooling water source usually available to such generating plants. Warm water pumped from deep below the earths surface, geo-thermally heated, as the warm or hot source and surface water from lakes, oceans, rivers, etc. as the colder, or lower energy source provides an additional source of energy for the method of electrical power generation herein described.

Abstract: The invention concerns a feedback control method for controlling the starting of a steam turbine unit comprising a reheater, a turbine by-pass system consisting of a HP-by-pass system and a LP-by-pass system, at least one regulating valve for the HP-by-pass system, at least one regulating valve for the LP-by-pass system, at least one inlet valve for the HP-turbine, at least one intercept valve for the MP/LP-turbine and a governing device to regulate the turbine speed or power output, according to which method during no-load and low-load operation and up to a predetermined partial load the pressure within the reheater is regulated by a first feedback control device with the LP-by-pass regulating valve acting as positioning element in such manner that a greater quantity of steam will flow through the HP-turbine than through the MP-turbine, and a smaller quantity of steam through the HP-by-pass system than through the LP-by-pass system, whereby a maximum permissible HP-exhaust steam temperature will not be excee

Abstract: A turbine control system incorporating a speed monitoring system for generating an actual turbine speed measurement for control of turbine speed and load is disclosed. The speed monitoring system employs two identical speed channels each of both analog and digital form and a third channel of only analog form. The two identical speed channels of digital form and the third channel of analog form are coupled to a programmed digital computer based process controller for use in controlling turbine speed and load. The two identical speed channels of analog form and the third channel are coupled to an overspeed protection controller for use in preventing turbine overspeed. Within each controller, an identical channel is selected without preference to be used as the actual turbine speed measurement. A transfer between identical speed channels will only be performed if a malfunction is detected in that identical channel utilized as the actual turbine speed measurement.

Abstract: A gas turbine power plant is provided with an industrial gas turbine which drives a generator coupled to a power system through a breaker. The turbine-generator plant is operated by a hybrid control system having digital function capability during sequenced startup, synchronizing, load buildup and steady state load, and shutdown operations. The control system also contains monitoring and protective subsystems which function through all stages of operation, with redundancy and permissive features which maximize turbine availability.

Abstract: A speed control system for a fluid driven prime mover, for example, a turbine wherein the speed of the prime mover is controlled by the positioning of at least one fluid inlet valve. The inlet valve is positioned by a valve operator responsive to an output voltage from the speed control system. The output voltage is directly proportional to the phase difference (error) between a variable reference digital pulse train input representing a desired speed and a feedback digital pulse train input representing the actual prime mover speed. During steady-state operation, prime mover load changes will first cause a phase difference between the reference input and the feedback input whereupon a corrective output voltage is immediately applied to the inlet valve operator prior to the occurrence of an actual speed error.

Abstract: A fuel system for an engine has a first summing amplifier to which are fed signals representing demanded and actual values of the output of a pump supplying fuel to the engine, together with a signal representing engine speed. The summing amplifier compares the signals it receives and produces an output controlling the output of the pump, and there is also a second summing amplifier to which are fed electrical signals representing engine speed and a reference, a discriminator coupling the two summing amplifiers to a means for controlling the pump, so that the output from the discriminator at any instant is the output from the amplifier demanding the least fuel.

Abstract: An engine fuel system, particularly for a compression ignition engine, has a control arrangement for determining the quantity of fuel injected in accordance with the position of a control member such as an accelerator pedal. For part of its movement, the pedal produces an output which is a certain function of the pedal position, and for another part of the movement, an output is produced which is a different function of the pedal position.