Abstract: A mean vehicle speed Va and a mean variation .DELTA.Va are factors reflecting a current driving condition and an expected driving condition of a vehicle, which relate to a charge-discharge amount of a battery. A target state SOC* of the battery is calculated from the mean vehicle speed Va and the mean variation .DELTA.Va. The charge-discharge amount of the battery increases with an increase in mean vehicle speed Va and mean variation .DELTA.Va. The lower charging state of the battery results in the higher charge-discharge efficiency. The structure of the present invention sets the target state SOC* of the battery and controls the actual state of the battery to the target state SOC*, thereby enhancing the charge-discharge efficiency of the battery and ensuring a sufficient supply of electric power required for driving the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention is adapted to provide a method for dynamically determining optimal governor dynamics, i.e., gains, for a fuel control system supplying fuel to an engine. The method determines a mode of the engine, then determines the governor gain in response to the engine mode. The mode or condition of the engine includes a transmission mode, a throttle mode, and a cruise control mode. The governor gains are determined by determining the current engine mode, selecting the appropriate gain look-up table in response to the engine mode, and responsively selecting a gain value from the look-up table in response to at least one of the desired and actual speed. The gain maps are determined using empirical data and classical control system design methods, and storing the results in gain maps, or tables. The governor gain values are used in a forward and a feedback path PID control algorithm.

Abstract: A method for controlling a power plant which delivers electrical power to an electrical grid. The grid has a grid frequency which fluctuates around a nominal frequency. A power output of the power plant is controlled as a function of a control frequency, in such a manner that the power output is increased when the control frequency decreases below the nominal frequency. On the other hand the power output is decreased when the control frequency rises above the nominal frequency. The grid frequency is continuously measured. The measured grid frequency is averaged to give, as a moving average, a slowly varying averaged trend frequency which is characteristic of the long term behavior of the grid frequency. The averaged grid frequency is used as the control frequency, if the measured grid frequency lies within a predetermined band around the averaged grid frequency. The measured grid frequency is used as the control frequency, if the measured grid frequency lies outside the predetermined band.

Abstract: The throttle of an engine in an engine driven generator system operating under an intermittently heavy load, as in supplying current to a welder, is controlled such that successive control signals sent to a throttle actuator for adjusting the engine throttle position are inhibited until at least a predetermined time has elapsed since the last preceding adjustment to the throttle. This procedure ensures that, as to each incremental adjustment to the throttle, the engine has sufficient time to respond, thereby preventing over-speeding or stalling the engine. The throttle actuator may be a stepper motor which is stepped by throttle position change signals from a processor which monitors engine speed and generator load to determine whether the throttle should be adjusted and, if so, in which direct. Alternatively, the throttle actuator may be a solenoid pulling against a spring in accordance with the average current through the solenoid coil.

Abstract: A compression ignition type engine, wherein a first combustion where the amount of the recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is larger than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks and almost no soot is produced and a second combustion where the amount of recirculated exhaust gas supplied to the combustion chamber is smaller than the amount of recirculated exhaust gas where the amount of production of soot peaks are selectively switched between. When NOx should be released from an NOx absorbent arranged in an exhaust passage of the engine, the second combustion switched to the first combustion and the amount of reduction of the output torque of the engine is compensated for by the output torque of an electric motor.

Abstract: Various forms of energy, such as mechanical, electrical, and/or heat energy are produced by an energy conversion mechanism which includes a spool, the spool including a shaft on which a compressor and turbine are mounted. A generator is operably connected to the energy conversion mechanism for converting mechanical energy thereof into electrical energy. Fuel and air are supplied separately to the compressor. A regenerator type heat exchanger has a cold side for conducting compressed air traveling from an outlet of a compressor to an inlet of the microturbine, a hot side for conducting hot waste gas from the energy conversion mechanism, and a rotary core movable sequentially through the cold and hot sides for absorbing heat in the hot side and giving up heat in the cold side. A catalytic combustor combusts the fuel at a location upstream of the turbine. During start-up, the catalytic combustor is preheated independently of the heat exchanger by an electric heater.

Abstract: A turbogenerator/motor controller with a microprocessor-based control system having a synchronous condenser, line commutated inverter, and a battery coupled to the turbogenerator/motor controller. When a load transient occurs, the gas turbine engine and the synchronous condenser, which draws its power from the line commutated inverter and battery, provide the power required to successfully meet the transient until the gas turbine engine controls respond by commanding the gas turbine engine to a higher speed, producing more power out of the turbogenerator. In the event of a sudden reduction in load, an auxiliary load device temporarily draws load until the gas turbine engine controls can respond and reduce the output power of the turbogenerator.

Abstract: A vehicle powertrain comprises an internal combustion engine 10 and an electric motor 14 capable of producing driving or braking torque for the vehicle. The exhaust system for the engine 10 includes a catalytic converter 22. A control unit 18 monitors the temperature of the catalytic converter 22 using a sensor 32 and controls the driving or braking torque produced by the electric motor 14 so that the load on the engine produces exhaust gases of a suitable temperature to keep the catalytic converter within its optimum operating temperature range while maintaining the desired total output of torque from the powertrain.

Abstract: A parallel hybrid electric vehicle includes an engine and a motor/generator as a rotary driving source. A differential device has a first shaft connected to the engine, a second shaft connected to the motor/generator, and a third shaft connected to a transmission device. The first and the second shafts can be coupled by a direct clutch. At the time of start of the vehicle with the engine in an idling condition, the motor/generator is controlled to enter a reverse rotation power generating condition, and the engine speed is maintained near an idling speed. After the start of the vehicle, when the motor/generator is in a forward rotation condition, the motor/generator is controlled to operate as a motor to maintain the engine speed at a target speed, and when the engine speed and the motor/generator speed coincide with each other, the direct clutch is made to enter a coupled condition thereby to prevent the occurrence of coupling shock, and also to reduce a driving time of the motor/generator.

Abstract: In an electrical power generation unit with a prime mover having an output shaft rotating at a speed .omega. which determines an output power function having at each value of .omega. an output-power/.omega. slope M.sub.d, and a generator developing electrical power responsive to shaft rotation, a generator electrical impedance is selected to provide a generator output-power/.omega. slope M.sub.g to approximate the M.sub.d slope, so that .omega. can be controlled to maximize efficiency.

Abstract: The throttle of an engine in an engine driven generator system operating subject to a wide and rapidly variable load, as in supplying current to a welder, is operated such that control signals are sent to a throttle actuator for adjusting the engine throttle position in response to load changes. The throttle actuator may be a solenoid pulling against a spring in accordance with the average current through the solenoid coil. In this embodiment, the processor causes pulse width modulated signals to be applied across the solenoid coil with throttle position changes being reflected in changes to the width of the pulses, such changes in the pulse width being delayed for at least the predetermined time since the last preceding adjustment to the throttle.

Abstract: An electrical distribution system for a motor vehicle comprises an engine, an electrically-conductive structural portion of the vehicle and a battery having a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The system also includes a starter motor having an electrical current return electrically coupled to the engine and an electrical generator having an electrical current return electrically coupled to the engine. Also, the system comprises an electrical current return path from the structural portion to the engine and an electrical current return conductor electrically and mechanically coupled between the engine and the structural portion. In addition, the system contains a capacitor coupled in series with the electrical current return conductor. In a variation of the disclosed system, the connections to the structural portion of the vehicle are made to the body and/or chassis of the vehicle. Systems built to according to the present invention have been demonstrated to have very advantageous properties.

Abstract: A power output apparatus 110 includes a planetary gear 120 having a planetary carrier, a sun gear, and a ring gear, an engine 150 having a crankshaft 156 linked with the planetary carrier, a first motor MG1 attached to the sun gear, and a second motor MG2 attached to the ring gear. Part of the torque generated by the engine 150 is output to a power feed gear 128 via the ring gear, while the first motor MG1 receives the residual torque. The second motor MG2 outputs a torque having a greater magnitude than and an opposite direction to this torque, so as to rotate the ring gear reversely. The electric power consumed by the second motor MG2 is supplied by the electric power regenerated by the first motor MG1. This structure enables the power output from the engine 150 to be converted to a power of reverse direction and output to the ring gear.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling operation of a diesel electric traction vehicle of the type including a synchronous generator driven by a diesel engine for producing alternating current (AC) electric power, the AC electric power being converted to direct current (DC) electric power and transferred over a DC link to a plurality of DC to AC inverters, and each of the inverters being coupled to transfer controlled frequency power to at least one AC electric traction motor coupled in driving relationship to at least one wheel-axle set of the vehicle. A computer-based control system controls operation of the engine, generator and inverters in response to a power command signal. The control system computes power supplied by the generator from calculated torque developed by the AC traction motors and electric power losses in the inverters and other circuit elements coupling power from the generator to the motors.

Abstract: A hybrid drive system including an engine and an electric motor at least one of which is operated as drive power source to drive a motor vehicle in a selected one of different operation modes. The system is adapted to prevent concurrent operations to change the operation mode and the speed ratio of a power transmitting device or the ratio of torque distribution to front and rear drive wheels, or concurrent operations to change the operation mode and switch the power transmitting device from a non-drive state to a drive state, for avoiding a shock due to a torque variation which would arise from the concurrent operations. The system is alternatively adapted to cut a power transfer from the drive power source to the power transmitting device, or hold the output of the drive power source substantially constant, when the power transmitting device is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state.

Abstract: A secondary power system for an aircraft utilizes a variable frequency electrical distribution system that provides power to one or more loads that can tolerate distortion components. In addition, a DC distribution system is coupled to the variable frequency distribution system and is isolated from a fixed frequency electrical distribution. Distortion caused by rectification for the DC system is isolated from the fixed frequency system, thereby improving the power quality in the fixed frequency system.

Abstract: A series hybrid vehicle includes a generator to be driven by an engine, a battery to be charged by the output power of the generator, and a motor for driving the vehicle using the output power sent from the generator and the output power sent from the battery. In an engine control system for the series hybrid vehicle, the values of power demanded by the vehicle when the vehicle is running (i.e., power demand values) are derived based on various engine operation indicative sensor signals, and a running state of the vehicle is estimated based on a frequency distribution of the power demand and a mean value of such power demand values. The system selects one of prestored control patterns depending on the estimated vehicle running state and controls the engine based on the selected control pattern so as to further control the output power of the generator. The system is also applicable to a parallel hybrid vehicle.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to carry out control and enable an engine to output a desired power, thereby preventing unexpected charge or discharge of storage battery means. A power output apparatus of the present invention sets energy Pe to be output from an engine, in order to cancel a deviation .DELTA.Pb of a charge-discharge electric power Pb of a battery from its target value Pb* , and controls operation of the engine to output the energy Pe. The energy Pe output from the engine is subjected to torque conversion by means of a clutch motor and an assist motor and output to a drive shaft as a required power. In case that the converted energy is not equal to the required power, the battery is charged with the surplus electric power or is discharged to supplement the shortage of electric power. Namely regulation of the energy Pe results in controlling the charge-discharge electric power Pb of the battery.

Abstract: A power output apparatus 110 includes a planetary gear 120 having a planetary carrier, a sun gear, and a ring gear, an engine 150 having a crankshaft 156 linked with the planetary carrier, a first motor MG1 attached to the sun gear, and a second motor MG2 attached to the ring gear. When the driver steps on an accelerator pedal 164 to change the driving point of the engine 150, the power output apparatus 110 calculates an angular acceleration of the sun gear, calculates a torque used for changing the driving point of the engine 150 by multiplying the angular acceleration by a moment of inertia seen from the first motor MG1 of an inertial system consisting of the first motor MG1 and the engine 150, and drives the second motor MG2 by taking into account the torque. This structure enables a desired torque to be output even in a transient time.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicular drive unit having an engine, a motor-generator for acting as a motor and a generator, a planetary gear including at least three rotary elements, a battery for storing electric power as generated by the motor-generator and for feeding electric power to drive the motor-generator, an engine controller for causing the engine to output a target output value on a best mileage curve; and a motor-generator controller for controlling the motor-generator. When the output of the motor-generator corresponding to a target output value of the engine is within an outputtable region of the motor-generator, the motor-generator controller causes the motor-generator to output a reaction torque corresponding to the output torque of the engine.

Abstract: In order to prevent an acceleration slip in an early stage of acceleration even in starting, an acceleration slip control system has a predicting section for predicting an acceleration slip of a drive wheel of a vehicle, a prediction control section for determining an initial value of a driving force reduction quantity and decreases the driving force by increasing the driving force reduction quantity to the initial value to prevent an occurrence of an acceleration slip when the acceleration slip is predicted, and a modifying section for modifying the initially set driving force reduction quantity in accordance with a sensed actual slipping condition during a prediction control of the prediction control section.

Abstract: A turboalternator and air flow control assembly for mounting on a combustion air intake of an internal combustion engine comprises a body having an inlet and an outlet defining an air flow path, a nozzle carrier in the body defining a plurality of turbine nozzles spaced arcuately about and generally parallel with a central axis, the nozzles having inlet and outlet ends and forming a portion of the air flow path, a rotor mounted in the body on bearings for rotation on the central axis, the rotor driving an electric generator and including a turbine wheel having blades axially adjacent and radially aligned with said nozzles, a bypass passage in the body and connecting the inlet and outlet separately from the nozzles, and a bypass valve in the bypass passage and operable to control air flow through said bypass passage. Various embodiments including concentric or parallel bypass passage arrangements and having axial or radial gap alternators with permanent magnet rotors are featured.

Abstract: The invention is an induction electrical power generation system for generating alternating current varying within a frequency range; the system includes an induction electrical generator (52) for generating the alternating current having a rotor and a stator, the stator having at least one phase winding for outputting the generated alternating current and a plurality of poles with at least two different numbers of poles within the plurality of poles being selected to generate the alternating current, an exciter winding wound on the stator which is driven by AC excitation which varies in frequency during generation of the alternating current and the rotor operating with slip during the generation of the alternating current; a variable speed drive coupled to the rotor for driving the rotor in a speed range during generation of the alternating current; an exciter generator (54) coupled to the exciter winding for generating the variable frequency AC excitation; a speed sensor (56) for producing a signal which is

Abstract: An electrical power generation system includes a heat engine having an output member operatively coupled to the rotor of a dynamoelectric machine. System output power is controlled by varying an electrical parameter of the dynamoelectric machine. A power request signal is related to an engine speed and the electrical parameter is varied in accordance with a speed control loop. Initially, the sense of change in the electrical parameter in response to a change in the power request signal is opposite that required to effectuate a steady state output power consistent with the power request signal. Thereafter, the electrical parameter is varied to converge the output member speed to the speed known to be associated with the desired electrical output power.

Abstract: A system (30) for providing electrical-power to remote communities (34) widely distributed over an extended geographical area (38) includes a generating station (32) located proximate each of the communities, each generating station supplying only that community to which it is proximate. The generating stations are in electronic communication with a central computer (40). Each generating station includes a plurality of generators (54-56). Each of the generators is controlled by a microprocessor based controller (64). Each controller is arranged to operate the generating station cooperatively with the other controllers associated with other generators in the station, and to assume a supervisory role in doing so by a mutual arbitration procedure among the controllers. Each controller is also arranged to monitor important generator operating parameters and to communicate these parameters to the central computer.

Abstract: A low speed idle actuator for an internal combustion engine usable, e.g., in an electrical power generator, can be easily and precisely adjusted to set, adjust, or readjust the low speed idle setting of the engine. The actuator includes (1) an electromagnet including a core and a coil which surrounds the core, and (2) an attractor plate which is connected to the governor lever of the engine. Low speed idle adjustment is performed by axially adjusting the position of the core relative to the position of the coil without moving the electromagnet with respect to its mounts or even loosening the electromagnet from its mounts, thereby adjusting the distance through which the attractor plate travels upon electromagnet energization.

Abstract: A control system for an AC diesel electric locomotive allowing for continued operation of the locomotive even in the instance of failure of current sensors providing current feedback information. The system is coupled to a plurality of DC to AC inverters with each of the inverters being connected for supplying controlled AC power to at least one AC electric traction motor coupled in driving relationship to wheels of the locomotive. The control system controls the power output of the inverters in response to an operator's command and to sensed operating conditions of the locomotive. One of the sensed operating conditions is power output of the converter determined by measuring its voltage and current output, the latter measurement using a series connected current monitor. The system incorporates apparatus for sensing failure of the current monitor and, in response thereto for modifying the control system to substitute a selected value for the sensed power output of the converter.

Abstract: An idle solenoid assembly sets the idle speed of the internal combustion engine of a self-contained welding machine. The idle solenoid assembly comprises a bracket to which a solenoid is immovably secured. The solenoid plunger is connected to the engine governor arm. The bracket has slotted feet that slide on an engine surface. By sliding the bracket, the position of the engine governor arm is adjusted to produce the desired engine idle speed when the solenoid is actuated. There is no contact or binding between the bracket and the solenoid plunger or between the solenoid plunger and the engine governor arm. The solenoid is wired to a control circuit through a first plug retained in the bracket and a second plug. The solenoid is properly grounded on the internal combustion engine through the second plug.

Abstract: An electrical power generating arrangement (for example, in a combined heat and (CHP) system in is which fixed frequency AC electric power for supply to the mains or grid is output from a frequency converter supplied with a variable frequency AC power input from an electrical generator driven by an internal combustion engine. The speed of the engine is varied by operation of a throttle controlled by a controller containing a predetermined engine map representing variation of engine speed as a function of the variation in electrical power output from the frequency converter to meet the demand of an external electrical load. On the load demand changing, the controller signals the frequency converter to give a changed new power output to meet the changed demand. The controller consults the map to determine the new engine speed corresponding to the new power demand and operates the throttle to cause the engine to run at the new speed.

Abstract: An electrical power generating arrangement (for example, in a combined heat and power system) in which electric power for supply to mains or grid is output from a generator driven via a continuously variable transmission (C.V.T.) by an internal combustion engine having a throttle. The throttle opening and ratio of the C.V.T. are controlled by a controller comprising a computer programmed with an engine map which is consulted by the computer when there is a change in an external electrical load power demand. For any load, the map indicates at which speed the engine should be run for optimum engine efficiency, the throttle opening is varied to attain that speed, and the controller varies the ratio of the C.V.T. to a value consistent with the desired engine speed.

Abstract: In a vehicle having a voltage regulated electric alternator driven by an engine for supplying power to drive electrical loads and to charge a vehicle battery, a method of maintaining battery state-of-charge includes adaptively learning a system voltage set-point during a first mode of engine operation probabalistically resulting in an electrical system operative in set-point regulation. The method further determines from the adaptively learned system voltage set-point and a present system voltage during a second mode of engine operation that the electrical system is operative in auto-regulation. Idle speed is controlled in response to the regulation state of the electrical system to maintain the system in set-point regulation to ensure adequate battery charge or minimal battery discharge during the second mode of engine operation.

Abstract: A vehicle engine speed controller for automatically determining the electrical load demand made of the engine electrical system from portable auxiliary and vehicle mounted electrically operated or controlled equipment, singly or in combination, and controlling the engine throttle speed setting through a governor with certain fail safe control mechanisms.

Abstract: A speed stabilization apparatus for use in a two shaft gas turbine is disclosed which includes a speed detector for detecting a rotational speed of a driving shaft of a turbine for driving a generator, a governer for controlling the amount of fuel supplied to a cumbustor, a plurality of delay circuits for providing load charging delay signals after predetermined time periods from when load charging commands are generated, and a forcible fuel supply control circuit. The governer usually controls the amount of fuel to the combustor in accordance with the detected speed signal from the detector so as to stabilize a rotational speed of the generator. When a load charging command is generated, the forcible fuel supply control circuit causes the governer controlling such that the full amount of fuel in supplied to the combustor. After the predetermined time duration from that, the corresponding charging load is connected to an output of the generator.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting load rejection in a combustion turbine, wherein a speed signal representative of the turbine speed and a load signal representative of the turbine load are provided. The invention includes referencing devices for generating a delta speed reference signal and a delta load reference signal, derivative devices for determining the derivative of the speed signal and the load signal, comparators for comparing the speed derivative to the delta speed reference signal and for comparing the load derivative to the delta load reference signal and an indicator for indicating the occurrence of two events, namely, the first comparator determines that the speed derivative exceeds the delta speed reference signal and the second comparator determines that the load derivative exceeds the delta load reference signal. In one embodiment a maximum turbine speed reference signal is provided and a third comparator compares the speed signal to the maximum turbine speed reference signal.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for controlling fuel flow in a combustion turbine, wherein a speed reference signal is given and wherein an actual speed signal is given, is shown to include a fuel flow regulator for regulating the flow of fuel in response to a control signal, a controller for generating a control signal representative of the difference between the actual speed signal and the speed reference signal, a first adjustment member for modifying the speed reference signal to account for droop prior to generation of the control signal, and a second adjustment means for modifying the speed reference signal to account for speed error also prior to generating the control signal. A load condition specifically envisioned for use with the present invention is the point of closure of the generator breaker.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided to protect a gas engine or turbine used to generate electric power against damage that would otherwise result from changes in the operating characteristics of the engine, for example, changes caused by fluctuation in the heat content of the gaseous fuel. To effect such protection, the engine or turbine is controlled by adjusting the supply of fuel gas to the engine or turbine in response to changes in the output of the electric power generated.

Abstract: An electric drive propulsion system is composed of one or more series motor coupled directly to drive individual wheel axles of a vehicle, the motors being electrically connected directly to the output of a generator driven by the vehicle engine. A power switch is operated by the vehicle brake pedal to disconnect and connect excitation current to the generator to initiate and stop propulsion. Speed of propulsion is controlled by the accelerator pedal of the vehicle engine, the generator driven thereby providing the sole source of energy for the propulsion motors.

Abstract: Pulsations in an electrical parameter on the output of a synchronous generator powered by a Diesel engine at a frequency which differs from that of the synchronous generator's natural frequency are smoothed out, whereby, a controlled variable (X) corresponding to the pulsation is tapped from the stage formed by the Diesel engine (5), the generator (3), and the network (4). From this controlled variable (X) and a reference input (W), a control difference (.DELTA.) is calculated, by means of which a correcting variable (y) is set in the stage indicated for the purpose of control.

Abstract: A hydroelectric power system has a reservoir (prime mover) (17) driving an electrical generator (10) which supplies a consumer load (B) and an auxiliary load (14). A control system (11) operates control (15) for the prime mover, control (13) for the auxiliary load and/or control (12) for the consumer load in response to a signal from the generator (10) or some other source, so that the supply is stabilized so far as possible to a minimum. Normally no energy is dissipated in the auxiliary load, except during a control sequence.

Abstract: A permanent magnet generator and rectifier is connected to the exciter of an alternator and a separate rectifier provides a D.C. voltage supply to a voltage regulator. A thyristor is connected in series with a second fuse across the exciter rectifier to short circuit the supply in series with a main external fuse. If the main fuse fails to open, the second fuse opens. The second fuse is potted in the regulators to prevent tampering. An overexcitation and a low voltage demand signal are sensed. The two signals are coupled to a NAND logic gate to produce an output shut-down signal. If either even is established and the first produces a signal, a shut-down signal is generated to a second comparator amplifier of latch circuit. A delay circuit connects the shut-down signal to a triggered oscillator for firing the thyristor.

Abstract: An induction generator system is disclosed for utilization with an oil producing well having casing gas available at the wellhead and an existing electrical power system. An electric motor is coupled to the existing electrical power system and is utilized as a generator to drive a submersible pump or other electrical load. A gas engine which is powered by the casing gas is mechanically coupled to the electric motor by means of a drive belt and is utilized to drive the electric motor at a speed greater than the synchronous speed of the motor. While the electric motor is driven at a speed greater than its synchronous speed it will generate electrical energy which can be utilized to carry the electrical load. A novel control system is utilized to control the operation of the engine/motor generator system in response to variations in motor speeds, engine operating parameters and load/voltage conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method (and an apparatus) for controlling a steam turbine of a power station unit that includes a steam turbine and a steam generator, with the output signal of the turbine controller acting on the adjusting mechanism of the turbine inlet valve arrangement. In order with such a method to relieve the turbine controller of those controller output variations that are already evident from the change of the reference inputs, the output signal of the turbine controller has added to it a signal that is computed from the load setpoint of the turbine controller according to the relationship governing the steam turbine ##EQU1## and that is supplied to the summating point in the computed magnitude or weighted by a factor k that deviates from unity.

Abstract: The integral part of a power controller and of a PI speed controller is formed by a common integrator, both controllers always being engaged. With this linear interlinking of the two controllers, stability can be assured in the two limit cases of the network (rigid network and ohmic island) as well as practically in all cases in between.

Abstract: An automobile engine having a device for increasing the inkage air in idle operation when a load is applied to the engine from equipments associate with the engine. An alternator driven by the engine has a voltage regulator which controls the alternator output in response to a load condition on the alternator by controlling the field current. A control unit is provided to restrict an increase in the field current when an electric load is turned on for a time period required for having the engine output increased.

Abstract: The propulsion control system of a diesel-electric locomotive includes means responsive to the rotational speed and the gross horsepower of a locomotive engine for controlling the rate at which traction load is added to the engine, when more load is called for, so that the loading rate will increase (between predetermined minimum and maximum limits) as the product of speed and horsepower increases. The loading rate is also increased in response to the ratio of combustion air to diesel fuel increasing above a predetermined no-smoke threshold.

Abstract: An idling speed feedback control method for use with an internal combustion engine having electrical load equipment and a generator for supplying electric power to the electrical load equipment, the generator being driving by the engine. The idling speed feedback control amount is effected as a function of the difference between an actual engine speed and a target idling speed. The method comprises the steps of detecting a generating state signal as a function of the field coil current of the generator which represents the generating state of the generator; detecting the actual engine speed; determining an electrical load correction value during a time period starting at or before the time when the electrical load correction value changes and ending at the time at or after the electrical load correction value changes.

Abstract: An assembly for stabilizing engine operation in an engine-generator set includes a fuel supply and fuel lines to first and second banks of engine cylinders. A fuel valve is positioned in the fuel line to the first bank of cylinders and is controlled by a normally open switch and a normally closed switch. In the closed position of the fuel valve the cylinders in the first bank act as a load on the cylinders in the second bank. The assembly includes a voltage sensor for sensing voltage generated by the engine-generator set. Once voltage exceeds a predetermined level, the sensor terminates fuel flow to the first bank. The assembly also includes a load sensor for sensing load imposed on the engine-generator set. Once the load increases above a first predetermined level, the load sensor allows flow of fuel to the first bank of cylinders and all cylinders are working.

Abstract: In a power plant which furnishes low-grade heat to a Rankin cycle turbo generator operating with an organic fluid, a fast-starting prime mover is selectively coupled to the generator, the generator capacity of the generator is oversized relative to the individual capacities of the turbine in the prime mover.

Abstract: In one form of the invention, means are provided for sensing changes in electrical power demanded from an electrical generator driven by a gas turbine engine. In response, other means change the rate of fuel and air delivery to the engine in proportion to the demand changes and keep the combustor fuel-air ratio substantially constant.

Abstract: A control system is provided for controlling the distribution of load among a plurality of generators with some of those generators responding quickly to control and some being slow in response. The area control error signal is divided into portions to provide a unit error signal assigned to each generator. A control is utilized which responds to the unit error signal to reposition the governor motor until the error signal is reduced to zero. Applying that control to slow responding units requires anticipation of the generation changes to be expected after full response. Control of the governor motor position so as to modify generation is from the unit error signal as modified in accordance with the difference between the desired generation for the units as required for economic considerations and the actual generation with that difference being modified by a signal which is a function of the anticipated generation. That function is expressable in one form by the equation ##EQU1## where: K is a constantP.sub.