Abstract: A cable interface system (20) for connecting internal cabling of a wind power facility (10), the cable interface system (20) comprising: a tower interface (32) associated with a tower (14) of the wind power facility (10), the tower interface comprising a support structure (80, 90) that is arranged to support a set of tower cables (36) in a fixed configuration; a nacelle interface (30) associated with a nacelle (18) of the wind power facility (10), the nacelle interface comprising a support structure (40) that is arranged to support a set of nacelle cables (34) in a fixed configuration; wherein the tower interface (32) is dockable with the nacelle interface (30) so that each tower cable (36) generally aligns with and can be joined to a corresponding nacelle cable (34).

Abstract: Control system to prevent wind turbine misalignment situations employing mathematical algorithms implemented in the wind turbine controller. Different optimization algorithms have been analyzed getting results that yaw the nacelle of the wind turbine to positions that would maximize the efficiency function. Control system for detecting and preventing wind turbine misalignment situations that comprises a parameters acquisition unit that relates the wind direction with the deviation of the wind turbine nacelle, a wind turbine efficiency function calculation unit and a deviation comparison unit of the nacelle.

Abstract: A system and method in which production measurement for renewable energy is obtained in a storage-independent manner. Energy storage is separated out from the renewable generation to provide individual performance analytics. A monitoring unit uses device communication and metering to enable revenue-grade production measurement for renewable source and energy storage periodically at specified time intervals. The production measurement for the renewable source is obtained in a form that would be comparable to renewable installations without storage, for accurate billing, maintenance, and performance analytics. Additionally, multiple energy flows may be used by the monitoring unit to arrive at a storage efficiency value that can be attributed to the storage unit and how the storage unit is operated in the renewable energy system.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating an energy storage system in a wind turbine system are provided. A wind turbine system can include a wind turbine, a power conversion system operably coupled to the wind turbine and an AC line bus, and an energy storage system coupled to the AC line bus. The energy storage system can include a transformer, a power converter, and an energy storage device and can be configured to store and provide power generated by the wind turbine. The method can include operating the wind turbine system to generate power, determining one or more operating parameters for the wind turbine system, determining an operating mode based on the one or more operating parameters, and controlling the wind turbine system based at least in part on the operating mode. Controlling the wind turbine can control a power flow into or out of the energy storage system.

Abstract: A condition monitoring system for a wind turbine includes: each sensor to sense a condition of equipment; a monitor device configured to generate a diagnosis parameter based on a detection result of each sensor; a data server configured to diagnose a failure of the equipment based on the diagnosis parameter; and a rotation angle sensor for sensing the nacelle's rotation speed. The data server is configured to correct the diagnosis parameter based on a sensed result of the rotation angle sensor, and diagnose whether the equipment has a failure by comparing the corrected diagnosis parameter with a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: In an aspect, in general, a spooling apparatus includes a filament feeding mechanism for deploying and retracting filament from the spooling apparatus to an aerial vehicle, an exit geometry sensor for sensing an exit geometry of the filament from the spooling apparatus, and a controller for controlling the feeding mechanism to feed and retract the filament based on the exit geometry.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for the control of power ramp-rates minimizing energy storage requirements in intermittent power generation plants, such as for example a photovoltaic solar plant, which minimizes the energy storage requirements approximately halving the size of storage systems necessary to comply with a maximum allowable ramp-rate given by a grid code regulation regarding the state of the art, reducing thus investment costs in the plant and/or carrying out a rationalized use of the energy storage system, in such a way that in order to achieve the same maximum fluctuation ramp, a minor use is done of the energy storage system, minimizing the losses and extending its working life, and therefore reducing the plant operational costs.

Abstract: A method for operating a wind turbine is disclosed. The rotational speed and power of the wind turbine are reduced when the prevailing wind speed exceeds a predetermined first limit value. The rotational speed and power are reduced further with an increasing wind speed until the rotational speed reaches a predetermined minimum rotational speed and/or the power reaches a predetermined minimum power. The wind energy turbine maintains the minimum rotational speed, or the minimum power, if the wind speed increases even further.

Abstract: Airborne wind turbine systems with multiple aerial vehicles connected via multiple tethers to a single ground station are disclosed. A node is coupled to the tethers. The node includes a drive system. At a proximate end of the node, each of the tethers is adjacent to neighboring tethers. And at a distal end of the node, each of the tethers is separated from the neighboring tethers. The airborne wind turbine system includes a control system configured to operate the drive system to translate the node along the tethers.

Abstract: A method for supplying electrical power to an electrical supply grid from at least one wind power installation is provided. The supply of electrical power is controlled such that changes in the supplied electrical power are limited based on at least one limit gradient. The at least one limit gradient specifies a magnitude of a maximum change of the supplied electrical power. The least one limit gradient is set based on a property and/or an instantaneous state of the supply grid.

Abstract: Implementations of a system and method for high-velocity ground transportation mobile wind power generation are provided. In some implementations, the system comprises a pathway system, a large-scale high-velocity ground transporter, a plurality of on-board turbine-generators, and a plurality of off-board turbine-generators. In some implementations, the method comprises providing the system and generating electricity on-board and off-board the transporter with the system.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for validating wind farm performance improvements so as to optimize wind farm performance. In one embodiment, the method includes operating, via a controller, the wind farm in a first operating mode. Another step includes collecting a first set of operating data, via a processor, during the first operating mode. A further step includes operating, via the controller, the wind farm in a second operating mode. The method also includes collecting a second set of operating data, via the processor, during the second operating mode. Next, the method includes normalizing the first and second sets of operating data based on wind speed distributions. As such, another step includes comparing, via the processor, the normalized first and second sets of operating data so as to validate one or more wind farm performance measurements.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electrical power subsystem includes determining an auxiliary voltage error value based on a measured voltage of the low voltage distribution panel. The method further includes receiving an active current command. The method further includes calculating a switching pattern for a line-side converter of the power converter based on the auxiliary voltage error value and the active current command. A current level produced by the line-side converter controls a voltage to the low voltage distribution panel.

Abstract: A method for compensating for flicker induced by a generator connected to a power grid includes determining, via a controller of the wind turbine, a nominal reactive current command for a rotor of the generator. The method also includes measuring, via at least sensor, one or more operational parameters of at least one of the generator or the power grid. Further, the method includes determining, via a flicker compensation device, a flicker compensation parameter as a function of the one or more operational parameters. Moreover, the method includes determining, via the controller, a net reactive current command for the rotor as a function of the flicker compensation parameter and the nominal reactive current command. In addition, the method includes controlling, via the controller, the rotor of the generator based on the net reactive current command.

Abstract: An offshore wind farm with a plurality of foundation elements which are arranged so as to form the corners of a plurality of parquetted hexagons and with a plurality of floating offshore wind turbines. Each floating offshore wind turbine within a hexagon is connected to the foundation elements which form the hexagon. The invention is characterized in that the floating offshore wind turbines are connected to the foundation elements by means of connection means designed as a chain and/or a cable or a combination of a chain and a cable. The connection means have a length which allows the offshore wind turbines to drift within a circular area with a radius of up to 10% of the hexagon circumradii about the respective hexagon center.

Abstract: A wind turbine includes: a wind turbine rotor; a nacelle supporting the wind turbine rotor rotatably; a yaw rotation part configured to rotate the nacelle; and a yaw control part configured to operate the yaw rotation part in a yaw rewind mode of rotating the nacelle in such a direction that a yaw angle changes toward zero, if an absolute value of the yaw angle exceeds a threshold which is variable in accordance with a wind-velocity parameter representing a magnitude of a wind velocity. The threshold increases with an increase in the wind-velocity parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and control system comprising at least one cable temperature sensor for measuring cable temperature values for at least one power collection cable (50, 55) connected to a wind turbine (20) and a controller (110) arranged to generate and output an overrating control signal to the wind turbine (20). The output overrating control signal sets an amount by which the power output of the wind turbine (20) is to be overrated. It is determined whether the measured cable temperature values exceed a temperature set point and modifying the overrating control signal to reduce the amount of overrating if the temperature set point is exceeded.

Abstract: A wind turbine comprising a tower, a rotor including a plurality of blades, an electrical generator operatively coupled to the rotor, and a control system including an active damping module configured to monitor oscillatory motion of the wind turbine and to output a damping demand signal to damp the oscillatory motion. The control system is configured to perform a rotor imbalance determination process including: controlling the rotating frequency of the rotor so that it substantially coincides with the natural frequency of the tower, determining rotor imbalance data based on the damping demand signal and evaluating said rotor imbalance data to determine the presence of a rotor imbalance condition, and correcting the rotor imbalance condition by applying pitch control inputs to one or more of the plurality of blades so as to reduce the severity of the rotor imbalance. The invention may also be expressed as a method.

Abstract: A wind turbine having a rotor, which has at least one rotor blade adjustable about its longitudinal axis via a pitch control, and a generator, driven by the rotor, having a speed regulator, which takes a control difference in the rotational speed and generates a control variable for the pitch control, and a generator regulator, which takes a power conductance and determines a rotational speed setpoint and a power setpoint, wherein a pilot control is provided that uses an inverse controlled system to determine a control variable for the pitch control, the inverse controlled system determining a power torque (MP) from the rotational speed setpoint and the power setpoint and also an acceleration torque (MB) from the change in the rotational speed setpoint over time and outputting the control variable for the pitch control as an output variable that provides pilot control for the output variable from the speed regulator.

Abstract: The present subject matter is directed to a system and method for operating a wind turbine so as to increase power production by utilizing variable tip-speed-ratio control. In one embodiment, the method includes defining a first operating region associated with an unsaturated torque range and a second operating region associated with a saturated torque range. Further, the method includes monitoring a torque output of the wind turbine. The method also includes continuously adjusting a tip-speed-ratio set point of the wind turbine so as to operate the wind turbine along a torque constraint boundary of the first and second operating regions.

Abstract: A system of a machine includes a network of a plurality of sensing/control/identification devices distributed throughout the machine, each of the sensing/control/identification devices associated with at least one sub-system component of the machine and operable to communicate through a plurality of electromagnetic signals. The system also includes shielding surrounding at least one of the sensing/control/identification devices to contain the electromagnetic signals proximate to the at least one sub-system component. The system further includes an electromagnetic sensing system to read the plurality of electromagnetic signals for detection of at least one condition of the sub-system component of the machine. The system yet further includes a remote processing unit operable to communicate with the network of the sensing/control/identification devices through the electromagnetic signals.

Abstract: Noises that are to be emitted by an aerial vehicle during operations may be predicted using one or more machine learning systems, algorithms or techniques. Anti-noises having equal or similar intensities and equal but out-of-phase frequencies may be identified and generated based on the predicted noises, thereby reducing or eliminating the net effect of the noises. The machine learning systems, algorithms or techniques used to predict such noises may be trained using emitted sound pressure levels observed during prior operations of aerial vehicles, as well as environmental conditions, operational characteristics of the aerial vehicles or locations of the aerial vehicles during such prior operations. Anti-noises may be identified and generated based on an overall sound profile of the aerial vehicle, or on individual sounds emitted by the aerial vehicle by discrete sources.

Abstract: An electrical power system connectable to a power grid includes a plurality of electrical power subsystems, each of the plurality of electrical power subsystems including a power converter electrically coupled to a generator having a generator rotor and a generator stator. The electrical power system further includes an intermediate power path extending from each of the plurality of electrical power subsystems for providing power from each of the plurality of electrical power subsystems to the power grid. The electrical power system further includes a zig-zag transformer electrically coupling each of the plurality of intermediate power paths to the power grid, the zig-zag transformer including a primary winding and a plurality of secondary windings, each of the plurality of secondary windings connected to one of the plurality of intermediate power paths, and wherein at least one of the plurality of secondary windings is a zig-zag winding.

Abstract: There is provided a power converter unit that can include an inverter and a plurality of batteries. The inverter and the plurality of batteries can be cooled by a common thermal management system. Furthermore, the power converter unit that can include a battery enclosure and the inverter can be co-located with the plurality of batteries inside the battery enclosure.

Abstract: A method for estimating a fundamental component of an AC voltage includes receiving a timely varying measurement signal of the AC voltage; parametrizing a fundamental component of the AC voltage; and determining parameters of the fundamental component based on minimizing a cost function. The fundamental component has a rated frequency, a variable amplitude and a variable phase shift. The cost function is based on an integral of a norm of a difference between the measurement signal and the parametrized fundamental component via a time horizon. The time horizon starts at an actual time point and goes back via a predefined length. The cost function includes a term based on a norm of the difference between a value of the fundamental component at the actual time point and a value of a previously estimated fundamental component at the actual time point, where the previously estimated fundamental component has been determined for a previous time point.

Abstract: Operating a wind farm in which the power generated by the wind energy installations is fed to a power supply system via a system internal to the wind farm and via a substation is disclosed. The farm director of the wind farm can ascertain a standard target voltage value and transmit it to the control units of the individual wind energy installations on the wind farm, which can use an overall factor to regulate the reactive power generated by a wind energy installation. The overall factor can be calculated from the difference between the actual voltage across the wind energy installation and the target voltage value, multiplied by a gain factor. On account of the impedance in the internal system of the wind farm, wind energy installations situated far away from the substation thus generate less reactive power than the wind energy installations which are situated close to the substation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprises a rotor connected to a generator, and a rotational speed controller configured to control a speed of the rotor in response to a generator speed reference, and a power controller to control an electric power production, the method comprises the step for receiving a boost command to request a power boost event, so to increase the electrical power production, and imposing a dead band with a dead zone value limit to the rotational speed controller, and wherein the dead band imposes a zero signal to be send to the rotational speed controller, when a speed error is within the dead zone value limit and wherein the dead band imposes an error signal to be send to the rotational speed controller, when a speed error is greater than the dead zone value limit, the error signal being a function of the speed error and the dead zone value limit.

Abstract: A wind power plant comprises a platform having a deck and a frame. The frame comprises a plurality of generator stations, each configured for receiving and supporting a respective removable wind turbine generator. Generator conveyance means are configured and arranged for moving a wind turbine generator between the deck and a generator station. The wind turbine generator comprises a housing in which a turbine is rotatably arranged. The turbine comprising a plurality of blades interconnected by a peripheral rim; and the rim comprises a plurality of magnets. The housing comprises a plurality of coils arranged in close proximity to the peripheral rim. The platform may be a floating platform, supported by at least a main hull, connectable to a seabed via turret mooring, whereby the power plant is allowed to weathervane.

Abstract: A method for reducing noise of a wind turbine includes monitoring, via one or more sensors, a wind speed at the wind turbine. The method also includes determining, via a turbine controller, a nominal wind direction for producing rated power of the wind turbine. Further, the method includes determining a pitch angle of at least one rotor blade of the wind turbine. As such, the method includes determining a yaw offset for a nacelle of the wind turbine based on the wind speed and/or the pitch angle. Thus, the method further includes changing a yaw angle of the nacelle by the yaw offset when the wind speed exceeds a predetermined threshold so as to reduce noise of the wind turbine.

Abstract: An offshore wind turbine generator comprises a tower 1 and a platform 2. The tower 1 is provided with a side door 4 accessed from the platform 2 using a stairway 5 leading to an upper platform 6. The upper platform 6 is formed from the upper surface of a cabinet 7 which houses a diesel backup generator. Both the backup generator and the cabinet 7 are mounted to the tower 1 by bolts, such that the cabinet and backup generator are fully supported by the tower 1. A diesel fuel tank 12 is also mounted to the tower 1 by bolts. The fuel tank supplies diesel fuel to the backup generator.

Abstract: A kit for a wind station having a fixed speed wind turbine with a generator configured to be coupled to a grid by a coupling device so that the turbine operates at a fixed frequency equal to the frequency of the grid. The kit includes a back-to-back power converter configured for connection between the generator and the grid, and the power converter includes a machine side converter, a grid side converter and a DC link between both converters, a controller for controlling the power converter, and a connection point for receiving at least one parameter of the generator of the turbine. The connection point is communicated with the controller, and the controller is configured to act upon the power controller depending on said parameter.

Abstract: A system for providing power to a power grid includes a generator configured to output a first voltage associated with a first set of power characteristics. The system includes a power conversion system including a rectifier configured to convert first voltage to a direct current (DC) voltage. The power conversion system includes an inverter comprising one or more switches configured to convert the DC voltage to a second voltage. The system includes a processor configured to receive a second set of power characteristics associated with a power grid. The processor is configured to determine one or more signals configured to cause the switches in the inverter to convert the DC voltage into the second voltage, wherein the second voltage comprises the second set of power characteristics. The processor is configured to send the signals to the switches.

Abstract: A system for providing programmable grid response characteristics includes a generator set having an alternator output voltage, where the alternator output voltage is rectified to provide DC power to a DC bus of the generator set. The system further includes a programmable inverter having power electronics configured to receive a response requirement corresponding to a code requirement of a grid, receive the DC power from the DC bus, and condition the DC power based on the response requirement to provide an AC output response. The AC output response meets specifications of the response requirement.

Abstract: A method for controlling temperature of a switching device of a power converter of an electrical power system includes monitoring, via one or more sensors, at least one operating condition of the electrical power system. Further, the method includes monitoring a temperature of the switching device. Moreover, the method includes controlling, via a control system communicatively coupled to the one or more sensors, torque of a generator of the electrical power system based on the at least one operating condition of the electrical power system so as maintain the temperature of the switching device below a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method of three-dimensional Doppler velocimetry applicable to turbines such as wind turbines achieves improved velocimetry by use of various possible convergent beam geometries and employing beam sources mounted on the turbine such as on a wind turbine nacelle, rotor hub or rotor blades.

Abstract: A facility receives an indication of a rate of energy output sought from a production array of solar panels. The facility controls a power inverter to which the production array is connected to deliver to an electrical grid to which the power inverter is connected a rate of energy output that is based on the indicated rate of energy output.

Abstract: Power converters for use in wind turbine systems are included. For instance, a wind turbine system can include a wind driven doubly fed induction generator having a stator and a rotor. The stator is configured to provide a medium voltage alternating current power on a stator bus of the wind turbine system. The wind turbine system includes a power converter configured to convert a low voltage alternating current power provided by the rotor to a medium voltage multiphase alternating current output power suitable for provision to an electrical grid. The power converter includes a plurality conversion modules. Each conversion module includes a plurality of bridge circuits. Each bridge circuit includes a plurality of silicon carbide switching devices coupled in series. Each conversion module is configured to provide a single phase of the medium voltage multiphase alternating current output power on a line bus of the wind turbine system.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of operating a wind power installation in which the rotor is brought to a halt and fixed, comprising the steps: braking the rotor, positioning the rotor at a stopped position, and fixing the rotor in the stopped position. According to the invention it is provided that an end position is predetermined, the rotor is braked in regulated fashion to a stopped position associated with the end position, and for positioning for the predetermined end position the rotor is braked in an automated procedure until stopped at the stopped position, and for fixing in the stopped position a mechanical fixing device is applied, in particular automatically.

Abstract: One example includes a wind farm power control system. The system includes a wind farm controller configured to monitor a power characteristic at a high-side of a generator step-up (GSU) transformer. The high-side of the GSU transformer is coupled to a point-of-interconnect (POI) that provides power from the wind farm to a power grid. The system also includes an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) configured to monitor a voltage of a power bus associated with a low-side of the GSU transformer, the power bus being provided power from a plurality of feeder groups. Each of the plurality of feeder groups includes a plurality of wind turbines. The AVR can be further configured to regulate the power characteristic at the high-side of the GSU transformer to within a predetermined range of amplitudes based on the voltage of the power bus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wind turbine system comprising a plurality of wind turbines mounted to a common support structure (4) by a support arm arrangement (10) comprising a mount portion (12) and at least one arm (13) extending from said mount portion and carrying a respective wind turbine (6). Said support arm arrangement (10) is capable of yawing around said support structure (4); and said wind turbine system comprises an improved arrangement for cable guiding in this connection.

Abstract: A spiral blade unit is disclosed, which generates less blade-sagging, deformation, or vibration, can be made of various material, can be made with light material, and can be installed easily in interconnecting spiral blades. The spiral blade unit includes a rotational axle and spiral blades with root portions attached along an outer circumferential surface of the rotational axle, and the spiral blades are interconnected to one another through a blade connector.

Abstract: A variable speed wind turbine is arranged to provide additional electrical power to counteract non-periodic disturbances in an electrical grid. A controller monitors events indicating a need to increase the electrical output power from the wind turbine to the electrical grid. The controller is arranged to control the wind turbine as follows: after an indicating event has been detected, the wind turbine enters an overproduction period in which the electrical output power is increased, wherein the additional electrical output power is taken from kinetic energy stored in the rotor and without changing the operation of the wind turbine to a more efficient working point. When the rotational speed of the rotor reaches a minimum value, the wind turbine enters a recovery period to re-accelerate the rotor to the nominal rotational speed while further contributing to the stability of the electrical grid by outputting at least a predetermined minimum electrical power.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a wind pitch adjustment system associated with a wind turbine system are disclosed. In one embodiment, the wind pitch adjustment system can include a power supply configured to convert an alternating current input signal into a direct current voltage, a controller configured to receive a signal from the power supply, and to provide one or more control commands to a pitch adjustment motor, and a surge stopping device comprising a switching element coupled between the power supply and the controller. The surge stopping device is configured to monitor an input voltage from a grid and to drive the switching element based at least in part on the monitored input voltage, such that the switching element is configured to block current flow through the switching element to the controller when the monitored input voltage is above a voltage threshold.

Abstract: A wind turbine power generating apparatus includes a wind turbine rotor including at least one blade; a pitch drive part for changing a pitch angle of the at least one blade; a generator configured to be driven by rotational energy of the wind turbine rotor; a circuit breaker for switching a connection state of the generator with respect to a utility grid; and a controller for controlling the wind turbine power generating apparatus. The controller includes a pitch control part configured to control the pitch drive part in a constant rotation-speed control mode for maintaining a rotation speed of the wind turbine rotor at a target rotation speed, before connection of the generator; a connection-condition determination part configured to determine whether a connection determination condition is satisfied; and a connection-command generation part configured to provide the circuit breaker with a connection command to connect the generator to the utility grid.

Abstract: A method for controlling an operating condition of an electric power grid, the electric power grid having an intermittent power supply coupled thereto, the method comprising: using an energy variability controller, controlling variability of a delivered power output of the intermittent power supply to the electric power grid by: monitoring an actual environmental value for a location proximate the intermittent power supply, an available power output of the intermittent power supply being dependent on the actual environmental value; when the actual environmental value is increasing and hence the available power output is increasing, increasing the delivered power output according to a predetermined rate of increase; monitoring a forecast environmental value for the location; when the forecast environmental value is decreasing, decreasing the delivered power output according to a predetermined rate of decrease; and, limiting the delivered power output to below a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power system having a plurality wind turbine generators and a power plant controller arranged to communicate with the plurality of wind turbines generators, where each of the plurality of wind turbine generator being related to a wind turbine controller, the wind turbine controller being arranged to control an active power output in its related wind turbine generator according to an active power set point received from the wind power plant controller; a first subset of wind turbine generators operating at an active power output unrestricted of the active power set point; and a second subset of wind turbine generators operating according to an active power set point; and wherein the wind power plant controller communicates the active power set point, in accordance with the active power output of the first subset of the plurality of wind turbines generators, so as to reduce active power fluctuation of the aggregated active power output of the first and second subset of the plu

Abstract: A method for operating a wind turbine, the method including, in response to receiving a request for a system start of the wind turbine, monitoring at least one measured value over a predetermined monitoring period; and effecting the system start in response to determining that the at least one measured value in the monitoring period corresponds to defined specifications, wherein: the at least one measured value is stored continuously in a data storage and a storage period in the data storage corresponds to at least the predetermined monitoring period, and monitoring the at least one measured value in response to receiving the request for the system start comprises checking, on the basis of the data storage, whether the at least one measured value in a storage period corresponding to the monitoring period before the request corresponds to the defined specifications.

Abstract: A dual rotor axis wind turbine that converts renewable energy into electrical energy. The dual rotor wind turbine addresses the counter productivity problem found in dual rotors wind turbines, which occurs due to adverse effects to the downwind rotor due to lying in the wake of the upwind rotor. The dual rotors lie on an axis with a relative angular displacement between the blades of such rotors, wherein the relative angular displacement is adjustable in order for the downwind rotor to avoid the counterproductive wake of the first rotor.

Abstract: In order to maintain a system frequency within a permissible range under limitations of the output of a power source to be controlled, a calculation device pertaining to a load-frequency-controlling device of the present invention: predicts time-series data indicating the status of individual power sources in a future control period, the prediction being carried out on the basis of system model data, system data, and renewable energy data; calculates, on the basis of power source data, and for each of the power sources, at least any one of a deviation state indicating the degree to which the time-series data deviates from the limitations and/or a surplus state indicating the degree to which the time-series data shows a surplus with respect to the limitations; resolves the deviation state; and calculates the amount of adjustment in the output of each of the power sources, on the basis of the deviation state and the surplus state, under the condition that the total output of the power sources is maintained.

Abstract: A wind turbine having a wind rotor, a generator powered therewith for generating electrical energy, and a connecting line for delivering the electrical energy, optionally via a system transformer. The wind turbine includes a voltage expander that expands the voltage range of the wind turbine by means of an auxiliary voltage source. The voltage expander comprises a small transformer of having a primary and a secondary winding, and a switching mechanism. The small transformer is looped into the connecting line with the secondary winding, and the switching mechanism is connected to the primary winding of the small transformer, actuating the primary winding in a switchable multi-stage manner. Thus, a multi-stage expansion of the voltage range of the wind turbine is achieved, wherein due to the arrangement of the small transformer lengthwise in the connecting line, the small transformer can have a fraction of the nominal power of the wind turbine.