Abstract: Disclosed herein is a panelboard guard assembly configured to restrict access to a panelboard having a cover and a door defined therein, the cover having first and second side edges. The panelboard guard assembly includes overlapping members that are, at least in some implementations, mutually coupled to each other. The panelboard guard assembly further includes an adjustment mechanism that extends between and couples the members together, the adjustment mechanism facilitating adjustment of the distance between the outer ends of the members.

Abstract: A door holding device and system is disclosed that holds a door in a partially open configuration. The door holding device includes a first arm assembly that attaches to a door, a second arm assembly that attaches to a door frame, a movable clamping mechanism that clamps the second arm assembly to the door frame, and a pivot device that allows the first arm assembly and the second arm assembly to pivot with respect to each other.

Abstract: A lid is secured to a food container with the aid of one or more handles that are mounted on the lid and/or the container. An elongated, flexible, flattened, stretchable strap overlies the lid and has a plurality of enlarged openings spaced apart along the strap. Two of the openings receive the one or more handles in a secured position.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a waste/recycling receptacle protector/monitor for obtaining at least one objective for an individual. The waste/recycling receptacle protector/monitor includes a tension adjustable fastening module. The tension adjustable fastening module has first and second opposing ends that adapt to extend along at least one direction of a lid of a waste/recycling receptacle. The tension adjustable fastening module breaks apart under a predetermined opposable force preset by the individual. The at least one objective includes protection against at least one of theft of the waste/recycling receptacle, natural climate, personal data theft, and unauthorized dumping into the waste/recycling receptacle and surveillance of vicinity and one or more objects around the waste/recycling receptacle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a panelboard guard assembly configured to restrict access to a panelboard having a cover and a door defined therein, the cover having first and second side edges. The panelboard guard assembly includes overlapping members that are, at least in some implementations, mutually coupled to each other. The panelboard guard assembly further includes an adjustment mechanism that extends between and couples the members together, the adjustment mechanism facilitating adjustment of the distance between the outer ends of the members.

Abstract: A product according to one embodiment includes a first bracket for coupling to a rail of a computer rack, and a bezel having a lock for selectively locking the bezel to the first bracket. A method according to another embodiment includes coupling a first bracket to a rail of a computer rack, and coupling a bezel to the first bracket. A system according to yet another embodiment includes a computer rack, a first bracket coupled to a rail of the computer rack, and a bezel having a lock for selectively locking the bezel to the first bracket.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electronic device and method for controlling the same. According to the present invention, an electronic device and method for controlling the same include a body, a plurality of electrodes exposed to a surface of the body to contact at least two portions of a user's body, and a controller configured to apply a current to at least any one of the plurality of electrodes to obtain a bio signal of the user. According to the present invention, the user's bio signal may be obtained.

Abstract: A container group having at least two adjacent containers includes a band-like carrier-element that forms a loop-like carrying-handle having free-ends with connecting sections, one of which has a pull-off tab that connects to a corresponding connecting-section. Surfaces of said adjacent containers within the group form contact areas that are detachably connected by an adhesive layer. The first and second connecting-sections connect the loop-like carrying handle to the containers.

Abstract: An electronics cabinet includes front, rear and side walls, wherein the rear wall includes first and second removable panels, the first and second removable panels being mounted to the rear wall with securing fasteners and further includes a security system for preventing removal of the first and second removable panels. The security system includes: an assembly that overlies a securing fastener of the first panel and a securing fastener of the second panel; and a locking device engaging the assembly, the locking device configured to move between locked and unlocked conditions, wherein in the locked condition the locking device prevents removal of the assembly from the first and second rear panels, and in the unlocked condition the locking device permits the removal of the assembly from the first and second rear panels.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a latch for holding, locking, and/or securing an articulated entryway. The latch is generally comprised of a hook, a front and rear fastener, and an exterior and interior pressure plate. The hook attaches to the articulated arm on the door, and, by manipulating the position of the fasteners, the exterior pressure plate is tightened against the door plate. Once the latch is in its intended position, the articulated arm is locked in a fixed position, preventing the door from being opened.

Abstract: A gate latch assembly selectively operable in a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration to secure a gate in a closed position to block or obstruct a portal in a fence or wall allowing any one of a plurality of users to independently unlock the gate latch assembly and open the gate having a latch frame including a gate latch pivotally coupled to the upper portion thereof movable between first or closed position and a second or open position, a lock tab support formed on the lower portion thereof to support a plurality of lock tabs corresponding to the plurality of users each selectively and independently vertically slideable on the latch frame and horizontally removable from the latch frame such that when the entire plurality of lock tabs is mounted on the latch frame the proximal portion of the gate latch engages the upper most lock tab to prevent movement of the gate latch from the closed position to the open position and when at least one of the plurality of lock tabs is removed from the latch fr

Abstract: An aircraft door latch arm rotation limiting device incorporates a flexible strap having a proximal end and distal end. The distal end is insertable through a loop eye proximate to an aircraft door. An elongate sleeve is disposed on the proximal end of the flexible strap and the sleeve is received over a rotatable latch arm of an aircraft door. A first receiving element intermediate the proximal and distal ends of the flexible strap releasably engages the distal end of the flexible strap to establish a first predetermined looped strap length restricting rotation of the lever beyond a partially open position. A second receiving element is disposed between the first receiving element and the proximal end on the flexible strap to releasably engage the distal end to establish a second predetermined looped strap length preventing rotation of the lever from a closed position.

Abstract: A device for restricting movement of a door includes a door member, a floor member, and a connecting member. The door member is fixedly mounted to a door and includes a first opening having a first predetermined shape. The floor member is fixedly mounted to a floor and includes a second opening having a second predetermined shape. The connecting member includes a first leg and a second leg. The first leg extends in a first direction and has a first end removeably engaging the first opening. The second leg extends in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction and has a second end removeably engaging the second opening simultaneously when the first end removeably engages the first opening thereby preventing rotation of the door.

Abstract: A sink comprising a basin, a rim extending outwardly from the basin, a support member in the form of a channel coupled to an underside of a portion of the rim to increase the rigidity of the rim, and a mounting element operatively coupled to the channel and configured to secure the rim to a fixture.

Abstract: A reusable, portable door restraint for keeping a door closed without permanently modifying the structure or surface of the door, the door restraint comprising two straps with each including a first side having an adhesive surface, and a second side having a non-adhesive surface; a means for overlapping the adhesive surfaces of the ends of each strap to form a strap member; and a means for forming a tab at the free ends of the strap member. Alternatively, the strap member may be a single strap having a first segment having an adhesive surface on the top side and a non-adhesive surface on the opposite bottom side, a middle segment having two non-adhesive surfaces on each side, and a third segment having a non-adhesive surface on the top side and an adhesive surface on the bottom side. It may be assembled, installed, and removed without using tools or other components.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a locking device for restricting access to a hatch of a pressure vessel, and, more specifically, a locking device that is responsive to the internal pressure in the pressure vessel so as to minimize the ability of one to open the hatch while the vessel is still pressurized. In some embodiments, the locking device comprises first and second portions of the locking device configurable between an open and a closed configuration and a pressure-responsive locking member in fluid communication with an outlet port of the pressure vessel and arranged to automatically retain the first and second portions in the closed configuration when the pressure inside of the pressure vessel is above a predetermined threshold, wherein in the closed configuration the first and second portions restrict manipulation of the hatch and/or a locking mechanism of the hatch.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for securing a door. The apparatuses include a door clamp having a stop, a base, a jamb bracket, and a fastener and are used to clamp a door to prevent opening of the door.

Abstract: A security device for a double door, including a first locking portion having a curved portion and an elongated male portion, and a second locking portion having a curved portion and an elongated female portion. A lock mechanism includes a pair of rows of teeth having a gap therebetween and associated with the bottom side of the male portion and a locking prong mounted to the female portion. The locking prong has a flexible finger portion that terminates in a T-shaped end. The finger portion can slide between the gap in the rows of teeth. A release button mounted on the female portion, when pressed, causes the locking prong to bend downward, disengaging the T-shaped end from between the teeth and allowing the first and second locking portions to separate, thereby unlocking the security device.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a novel door locking apparatus that provides keyless locking of one or more doors. In some embodiments, the door locking apparatus comprises a single door cuff with a single door knob cutout that hooks over a door knob of a door and a fastener that fastens the door cuff to a surface that is adjacent to the door. The single door cuff locks the door by preventing the door to be opened away from the surface. In some embodiments, the door locking apparatus comprises a double door cuff with a pair of door knob cutouts that fit over a pair of door knobs of a pair of doors. Each door is configured to open away from the other door. The double door cuff locks the doors together by preventing either door to be opened away from the other door.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally provide a device for securing the external control surfaces of an aircraft. A gust lock is described for securing the control surfaces of an aircraft that includes an elongated top plate having a rotably associated strap lock, an elongated bottom plate having a rotably mounted capture piece, and a strap running from the capture piece through the strap lock to a tail section.

Abstract: A door locking device has a central body, locking members, and elongated bands with receiving members extending from the central body. The receiving members can be releasably coupled to the locking members, which are shaped to grasp the receiving members, to secure the apparatus to a door.

Abstract: A closure for holding closed a door which is able to hinge in a frame, having a securing device which can be positioned on a first edge of the closed door and also a tightening unit which can be positioned on a second edge of the closed door and a cable or strap which, when the door is closed, runs through a gap between the door and frame and is fastened at one end to the securing device and fastened at the other end in the tightening unit, the tightening unit having inter alia a base plate with an opening for feeding through the cable or strap and also a tightening mechanism for tensioning and holding under tension the cable or strap guided through the opening and a cap with a lock which can be positioned on the base plate so as to produce a seal around the tightening mechanism. The securing device has a support extending on both sides of the cable or strap over a distance which is greater than the gap between the closed door and the frame, which distance is preferably greater than 5 mm.

Abstract: A trash pail lid lock apparatus for removably securing a trash pail lid on a trash pail, comprising: a) two spaced radial arms, having inner end portions attached together, and peripheral end portions generally extending to a peripheral edge portion of the trash pail lid; b) a sleeve member having a lateral side portion attached to the peripheral end portion of the radial arm, and having a sleeve portion thereof oriented so that an axis therethrough is upright; c) an upright J shaped member having an upright portion slidably, rotatably, and closely positioned within the sleeve portion of the sleeve member, said lower end portion of the J shaped member having an upwardly extending unattached end portion adapted to be received between a peripheral upright wall and lip of the trash pail; and, d) a spring to maintain the J shaped member in a lifted engagement position.

Abstract: The Container-Locking Device with respect to this particular invention has been designed to fasten the locking upright bar of one door of a container to another. It has been invented to include two virtually symmetrical segments of a pair of locking bar fasteners, where the flat end of each segment, opposite to the end fastened to the container door locking bar, will be fixed to one of the two virtually symmetrical segments of a padlock shroud. There is also a separation-prevention unit which prevents the shroud from being separated and eliminates the gap between the two segments when they are joined, in order to prevent a bolt cutter from being able to be inserted into the padlock shackle.

Abstract: A novel and improved puller that provides a safe and efficient manner and tooling to remove bearings, bushings, gears, etc. The invention is simple and highly efficient is its design and use due to incorporating multiple design elements into the main collets or bearing adapters. My present invention uses a simple split collet machined accurately to precisely fit the bearing being removed, in addition the same collet incorporates an upper threaded section to allow the removal sleeve to easily and precisely fit to the collet while at the same time the threaded removal sleeve securely keeps the collet together and properly aligned with the bearing and shaft axis to provide easy and accurate operation. Another design integrated into my puller is the ball thrust bearing on the end of the pressure or removal screw. This anti-friction thrust bearing eliminates undue friction and provides very free rotation of the pressure screw.

Abstract: A portable public restroom door lock for holding stall doors of restrooms closed when the locking system normally provided for the door is inoperative. The device comprises opposed metal or plastic elastic arm members that can be squeezed together and slidably positioned between the stall door and the stall wall and then released to engage the stall door and the stall wall to hold the stall door in closed relationship with the stall wall.

Abstract: A door lock apparatus and methods are provided for preventing a child, or other unauthorized person, from opening an appliance (e.g., refrigerator) or cabinet door, while not unduly reducing or impeding access thereto by an authorized person, such as an adult. In various embodiments, the door lock apparatus is configured for locking in place outwardly swinging doors disposed in a side-by-side relationship. For example, a generally “U” or “V” shaped door lock can be adapted, when in a generally inverted orientation, to be slidably and removably received within channels or recesses formed by closely adjacent elongated handles of respective side-by-side doors. In some embodiments, the door lock apparatus can include, among other things, spaced legs depending from an upper support.

Abstract: A clamp mechanism clamping an electronic device and connecting an object to the electronic device is provided. The mechanism includes a first clamping element, a second clamping element slidably joined to the first clamping element in a joint position to adjust the second clamping element apart from the first clamping element to a clamp distance, a latching element inserted into the joint position to maintain the first clamping element apart from the second clamping element at the clamp distance, and a connecting element joined to the second clamping element and connected to the object.

Abstract: A portable handheld work apparatus has a housing (2) having at least two housing parts. At least one spring clamp (6, 26, 36, 46, 56) is provided for the releasable attachment of the one housing part to the other housing part. The spring clamp (6, 26, 36, 46, 56) is provided to clamp the two housing parts. A wear protector (8) is effective between the two housing parts in the clamping direction (9). A simple configuration and few individual parts are achieved when the spring clamps (6, 26, 36, 46, 56) have the wear protector (8).

Abstract: A portable multipurpose lock having a shackle base with two parallel rods having opposing interior sides with spaced-apart detents, an adjustable lock body with through holes for slidable insertion of the rods, a lock for engaging the rods to secure and lock the lock body on the rods, and one or more recesses formed in the shackle base, lock body, or both, which facilitates placement of the lock around an object or objects to be secured.

Abstract: A device with an equipment door (10), an actuator unit (12) and a bolting device element (14) for bolting the equipment door (10), particularly when performing a pyrolysis function, wherein the actuator unit (12) is provided for bringing the bolting device element (14) into engagement with a corresponding bolting device element (15) of the equipment door (10) for locking the equipment door (10) when the equipment door (10) is closed. The bolting device element (14) may be rotatable about a rotating axis (16) running at least essentially perpendicularly to a door plane of the equipment door (10) when the equipment door (10) is closed.

Abstract: A security device is provided for a cargo container having doors hinged on vertical axis, which are locked by vertical stanchions. The locking device includes a housing and a hook. The hook has a pair of vertically spaced claws, which are placed around a stanchion in straddling relation to a pair of parallel brackets to which the stanchion operating lever is pivotally connected. The housing of the locking device has a cross bar which confronts the pivot brackets, thereby preventing rotation of the stanchion when the housing and hook are coupled by a puck lock.

Abstract: A portable security device for locking a pair of stanchions of a cargo container which employs a J bar having a hook at one of its ends for engaging one stanchion and notches on its other end which are engageable by a complementary latch on a flip plate pivotally mounted to a housing which includes an elbow providing a pocket for the other stanchion. The J bar extends through aligned opening in side walls of the housing and in front of the other stanchion to lock it in its pocket. A puck lock secured to the housing holds the flip plate latch in engagement with a notch of the J bar.

Abstract: A tie-out that is attachable to a door and allows a user to secure an object or a pet to the door is disclosed. When used with pets, the tie-out allows the user to connect a pet's leash to either side of a door without having to remove and reconfigure the tie-out, and is also configured to hold a pet's leash securely to a door without coming loose or damaging the door. Typically the tie-out is mounted to the bottom edge of the door, but may be mounted on a side edge of the door depending upon the design. In addition, the tie-out is not confined to use with doors located on the inside of a building and can be connected to doors that lead to the outside of a building.

Abstract: A cover holder includes a handle including an engagement structure configured and dimensioned for engaging a container structure formed on a container. The engagement structure extends from a portion of the handle for detachably fitting the container structure. The handle includes anchor portions each having a plurality of holes for receiving at least one flexible tension member to connect the flexible tension member to the handle. The plurality of holes are arranged to permit the at least one flexible tension member to develop a frictional force to prevent pull out of the flexible tension member from the anchor portions.

Abstract: A personal computer has a display panel, a main body, an engaging member and a stopper portion. The display panel and main body are coupled by a hinge mechanism to be rotatable between a first state in which the display panel is superposed on the main body facing a display surface and a second state in which the display panel is superposed on the main body facing a back surface. In the first state, the engaging member projects from the display surface of display panel. In the second state, the engaging member projects from the back surface of display panel. The stopper portion engages the engaging member in each of the first and second states.

Abstract: The specification discloses a locking device for a cargo-container closure of the type comprising a pair of doors hingedly mounted to a body of the cargo-container, each door having associated therewith in spaced-apart relation at least one upright lockrod the lockrods being adapted for securement to the body in a closed condition of the doors, and in which closed condition of the doors the lockrods are laterally spaced-apart a finite distance. The locking device comprises a pair of separate arms, each arm having a principal length extending between first and second ends, the first end of each arm defining a stop adapted to confront one of the lockrods, and the second ends of the arms being adapted for secure interconnection in end-to-end abutting relation.

Abstract: A portable door security mechanism which allows an existing door to be temporarily secured from the non-hinged side of the door without destruction or penetration of the door, the door frame or any existing components of the door, is disclosed. The device uses a cylindrical locking pin which is designed to slip underneath the door to be secured and rotated such that part of the locking pin protrudes upward to prevent the door from opening from the inside. The locking pin is secured to a base plate member and a cover plate which, when interlocked over a portion of the locking pin, is disposed to accept a conventional pad lock or similar device. The disclosed security mechanism can be folded through a hinge mechanism for convenience and can be applied or removed quickly without having access to the interior side of the door.

Abstract: A lid for a pressure cooking receptacle supporting a jaws device for closure/opening of the receptacle, a device for controlling opening/closure of the receptacle and a safety device for blocking closure of the receptacle. The closure/opening device comprises a first radially retractable jaw for securing the lid to the receptacle and extensible for releasing the lid from the receptacle and at least one second jaw integral with the lid. The control device comprises a radial arm for moving the mobile jaw, attached to the mobile jaw at its radially external end, and a lever which can be actuated manually, fitted with elements which can be engaged with the radial arm for controlling the stroke of the radial arm.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for locking and unlocking a camper shell from the inside. The device can be purchased as an inexpensive after market part and easily and quickly installed without the need for expensive tooling. The device includes a handle having proximal and distal ends and fashioned with a lateral bore at its proximal end for connecting with a torsion bar already existing on the latching mechanism of the camper shell. The distal end of the handle includes a cam, pivotally connected thereto, which can move between a position which in which the cam is generally flush with the handle and other positions in which the cam extends laterally from the handle. A cam lock is provided to engage the cam and hold it in one or more selected positions, the positions providing corresponding amounts of lateral extension from the handle. The when extended, the cam prevents the handle from being turned, thereby preventing the camper shell from being opened.

Abstract: A deadbolt security attachment, removably installable on a deadbolt latch handle by an occupant within a room or structure, made up of a flexible strap which secures to the deadbolt handle, is wrapped about the shank of a doorknob, and is extended to secure to itself, the strap facing surfaces including hook and loop securing material. When the present device is secured between the doorknob shank and the deadbolt latch handle, the latch handle cannot be moved through its normal arc of operation to allow the door to be opened. Even if a person attempting entry to the area has a key to the deadbolt lock, the torque which may be transmitted to the lock by the key, is easily overcome by the present security strap. The present device is completely removable from the doorknob shank and deadbolt latch handle to be carried by the user when the room is not occupied.

Abstract: A cabinet locking system for a frameless glass door. The system includes a strike/pull mounted on the door and a lock mounted on the cabinet. The strike/pull clamps about the edge of the glass door and includes a lock strike on the cabinet-interior side and a pull on the cabinet-exterior side. The lock mounted on the cabinet frame includes a throw cooperating with the strike/pull. In the locked position, the lock throw cooperates with the strike of the strike/pull to lock the door in the closed position.

Abstract: A solid tooth whitening composition in the form a table, gum, candy, or the like, is formed by combining carbamide peroxide with a non-hygroscopic sweetener base that comprises the hydrogenation product of isomaltulose. The composition may be stored for several weeks without detectable decomposition the carbamide peroxide to urea.

Abstract: A safety web and elongated pry bar for retaining the lid of a drum during opening of the lid. Safety web 10 is adapted to form a secure containment volume 22 in which lid 14 can be manipulated, and that prevents lid 14 from becoming a projectile. Safety web 10 includes a belt 20 for securing the safety web to the drum. The ends of belt 20 are secured to a ratcheting turnbuckle 25 that allows adjustment of the length of belt 20 providing for universal fit of a given safety web on a variety of different sizes of drums. Safety web 10 further includes a plurality of radial straps 30 that are radially disposed about belt 20. The ends 32 of radial straps 30 are fixedly secured to belt 20. Radial straps 30 are further fixedly secured to each other at a central point 35 defined by the midpoint of each radial strap 30. An annular strap 40 is provided on safety web 10 between belt 20 and central point 35. Annular strap 40 is fixedly secured to each radial strap 30.

Abstract: An assembly is provided for keeping a garbage can cover in close proximity to the garbage can. The device includes an elongate elastic cord having first and second ends. An eye-bolt is slidably disposed along the cord between the ends. The first end of the cord includes a permanent engagement structure, such as a loop. A hook or other releasable engagement is securely mounted to the second end of the cord. The device is used by securing the permanent engagement at the first end of the elastic cord to a first handle of the garbage can. The eye-bolt then is secured to the cover, and the hook at the second end of the cord is used to releasably engage the second handle. The contents of the garbage can can be accessed by removing the hook or other such releasable engagement from the second handle. The cover may then be dropped, but will remain in close proximity to the garbage can due to the attachment of the first end of the elastic cord to the can and the attachment of the eye-bolt to the cover.

Abstract: A portable door lock and alarm is adapted to connected to the hinge carried between a door and a doorjamb. The portable door lock and alarm provides an enclosure housing a lock mechanism which includes a claw defining small and large hinge passages adapted to surround small or large door hinges. A bolt, extending from the claw and through the enclosure, is threaded onto a knob. After attachment of the claw to the hinge, rotation of the knob retracts the claw into the enclosure, increasing the pressure between the door and doorjamb and the enclosure. An attempt to open the door will increase the pressure on the enclosure; however, in a typical application, the door will crack, break or deform before the enclosure of the lock is crumpled. A circuit provides a switch that is closed if an attempt is made to open the door, thereby resulting in activation of an annunciator.

Abstract: A door locking system is provided including a pair of doors of a vehicle adapted to pivot outward for allowing access to a cab. Each door has a slot for receiving a sliding window therein. A pair of hollow rigid tubes of a common length include a first tube and a second tube. In use, a first end of the first tube is slidably situated within a first end of the second tube. A locking mechanism is connected between the tubes for selectively fixing a combined length thereof. As such, the tubes are extended such that second ends of the tubes are connected to the doors and further the locking mechanism is used to secure the same therebetween to preclude the doors from being opened.

Abstract: An elastic, jawed tether for securing a lid to an associated container, such as a garbage can. The tether comprises an elongated strap terminating at each end in a jawed clamp. The clamp has a self-locking device, such as a cam arrangement, and a screw for closing and locking the jaws in place. A swivel bearing connects each clamp to the strap, so that the clamps have no tendency to twist the strap.

Abstract: A device for locking the door or flap of a typical pick-up truck shell closed from the interior of the shell includes a substantially rigid body which is selectively secured to moving parts of a latch mechanism. The device is designed to operate with an existing shell door or flap latching mechanism of the type having a rotatable shaft coupled to a pivotable plate. According to such existing latching mechanisms, the pivotable plate is pivoted (or rotated) between first and second positions. In the first position, the plate partially overlaps a portion of the rear wall of the shell (or the truck bed or tailgate) to inhibit the shell door or flap from swinging open. In the second position, the plate does not overlap a portion of the shell (truck bed or tailgate), so as to allow the shell door or flap to swing open. In order to lock the shell door or flap, the substantially rigid body is secured to the pivotal plate of the latch mechanism from the interior of the shell.

Abstract: A clamping structure between a container body and a cover mountable thereon in an air-tightly sealable contained such as wafer carriers from semiconductor silicon wafers used for storage and transportation thereof. The clamping structure includes a container body and a cover mountable on the container body each provided with an encircling stepped flange around the open periphery. The stepped flanges on the container body and the cover are engageable each with the other. A pair of engagement tabs, each having an engagement groove, protrude from the open periphery of each of the container body and the cover at oppositely facing positions. Also, an engagement board which is resin plate is provided with a U-shaped openwork notch at the center thereof in a longitudinal direction.