Fork-tine Shovel Clearers Patents (Class 294/50)
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Patent number: 10406401Abstract: The present disclosure provides an aquatic exercise and flotation apparatus comprising a handlebar for maneuvering the apparatus, a flotation cylinder positioned on the handlebar and encompassing the handlebar by way of a hollow center, a first fin positioned at the first longitudinal end of the handlebar, and a second fin positioned at the second longitudinal end of the handlebar.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2016Date of Patent: September 10, 2019Inventor: Amir Vard
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Patent number: 9918587Abstract: An improved roasting spit comprising a frame and a handgrip. The frame comprises a frame head portion and a frame handle portion mortised in the handgrip. The head portion comprises a base portion and at least one blade, preferably three blades, extending from the base portion with each blade having a notch for interlocking with a like spit. The frame is resistant to deformation under heavy loads at high temperatures. The spit is employed vertically using a suspension hole in the handgrip or impaled in a ground surface. The spit can also be employed horizontally by interlocking the notches with a like spit, inserting the spit in a stand, or propping the spit on rocks. A tip portion of each blade tapers to a tip point along a plurality of triangular faces forming a plurality of cutting edges that allow the spit to easily impale a large mass of meat.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2015Date of Patent: March 20, 2018Inventor: William Douglas Oatis
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Patent number: 9867498Abstract: The apparatus is used in cooking foodstuff over an open flame by heat while keeping user a safe distance from fire with main elements being hand grip, shank, fork, and food transfer system. A hand grip and shank are made of materials including wood, injection mold plastics, and metal while a fork and food transfer system is constructed of metal materials. The food transfer system provides a hands-free safe and sanitary method to remove cooked foods from hot metal greatly reducing likelihood of injury and food contamination.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 2014Date of Patent: January 16, 2018Inventors: Gordon Timothy Rose, Clyde Taylor
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Patent number: 9096982Abstract: An animal excrement picker includes a handle and shank with a picker at the lower end defined by an array of support bars fixed in a plane at right angles to the shank. Each bar carries a plurality of spikes extending downwardly therefrom; in an array of generally parallel spikes in generally parallel rows and columns for engaging into and holding thereon an excrement element. A push member is operable to move longitudinally of the spikes for discarding the element from the spikes and is defined by a plurality of spaced parallel discard bars with each bar extending in a space between two parallel rows of the spikes so as to be movable along the spikes to push the element off the spikes.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2014Date of Patent: August 4, 2015Inventor: Neil Pellaers
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Patent number: 8813862Abstract: An electric weeder, including a housing, a driving device, a working head, and a removable handle. The driving device is disposed in a housing, and including an axis line. The working head is connected to the axis line and driven by the driving device; the removable handle moves relative to the working head and the housing, and wherein on end of the removing handle is movably connected to the housing, the other end includes a removing plate, and the removing plate includes a through portion being passed through by the working head. The electric weeder of the present invention can exactly weed the lawn with little damage, the overall structure of the machine is more simple to effectively reduce the overall length of the machine; the removable handle can remove the weeds automatically to lower the work intensity and increase the weeding efficiency.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 2012Date of Patent: August 26, 2014Assignee: Chervon (HK) LimitedInventors: Toshinari Yamaoka, Zhen Wang
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Patent number: 8714607Abstract: A hand shovel assembly facilitates emptying of the shovel with minimal lifting. The assembly includes a shaft having an upper end and a lower end. A pan is coupled to the lower end of the shaft. The pan has a bottom wall, a back wall which extends upwardly from the bottom wall, and a pair of side walls coupled to and extending forwardly from opposite ends of the back wall defining an interior space of the pan. An upper wall is coupled to the pan over the bottom wall. A motivator is coupled to the pan between the bottom wall and the upper wall. The motivator selectively urges the upper wall away from the bottom wall wherein the upper wall is configured to urge material in the interior space of the pan out of the interior space.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2013Date of Patent: May 6, 2014Inventor: Lionel A. Suber
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Publication number: 20110163559Abstract: A multi-purpose scoop consisting of a body attached to a handle. A neck may be positioned between the body and handle. On the handle is a vent which is covered to permit suction. Passing through the center of the handle and down into the body is a rod. At the bottom of the rod is a means of pushing out any substrate. At the top of the rod is a means to rotate the rod. Also positioned within the handle and body are means to center and stabilize the rod, but still allow the rod to move. A means for keeping the rod out of the way after use is provided. The rod has a locking means for maintaining the rod in the downward position. The body also has a plurality of teeth to assist in cutting. The teeth are positioned along an opening which provides the use of the tool as a scoop. The width, shape and spacing of the teeth provide additional usage for raking and weed pulling.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 13, 2010Publication date: July 7, 2011Inventor: Nicholas Alcov
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Patent number: 6726264Abstract: A garden and lawn weed extractor tool enables removal of the weed with minimal invasiveness to the soil or turf. The weed extractor tool utilizes a foot-operated depression feature to insert the tool blade into the soil, at an angle to horizontal near the weed root. The user then uses the tool as a lever to pivot the blade relative to the weed root, which loosens the soil around the root and, hence, loosens the weed from the ground so that the weed is removable without carrying with it a large clump of soil. A spring-assisted soil retainer device and self-cleaning mechanism wipes or scrapes the tool blade as the tool is removed from the ground, and, in doing so, retains most of the soil in place at or near its original location. The tool, therefore, tends to prevent disruption to the garden and turf area, leaves each weed-removal site neat and miminally-disturbed, and keeps the tool blade clean for smooth and quick insertion at the next weed-site.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 2002Date of Patent: April 27, 2004Inventor: Francis E. Robinson
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Publication number: 20030227185Abstract: A garden and lawn weed extractor tool enables removal of the weed with minimal invasiveness to the soil or turf. The weed extractor tool utilizes a foot-operated depression feature to insert the tool blade into the soil, at an angle to horizontal near the weed root. The user then uses the tool as a lever to pivot the blade relative to the weed root, which loosens the soil around the root and, hence, loosens the weed from the ground so that the weed is removable without carrying with it a large clump of soil. A spring-assisted soil retainer device and self-cleaning mechanism wipes or scrapes the tool blade as the tool is removed from the ground, and, in doing so, retains most of the soil in place at or near its original location. The tool, therefore, tends to prevent disruption to the garden and turf area, leaves each weed-removal site neat and miminally-disturbed, and keeps the tool blade clean for smooth and quick insertion at the next weed-site.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 6, 2002Publication date: December 11, 2003Inventor: Francis E. Robinson
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Patent number: 6513301Abstract: A thermal insulation sheet is maneuvered into position, especially in closely confined corners in an attic, by a tool having a prong which is inserted into the sheet, and a pusher surface which contacts the sheet to limit the depth of insertion of the prong, and which guides the sheet while an installer pushes the pusher surface against the sheet while maintaining the prong in the sheet.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 2000Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Inventors: Robert Snyder, Nancy Snyder
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Patent number: 6474267Abstract: Animal manure is removed from a bedding material consisting of compacted and compressed pelletized sawdust particles or granules of relatively uniform size by a pellet fork specifically designed to enable the pellets or particles to sift through the tines of the fork while retaining all but the tiniest particles of manure atop the tines for disposal. The pellet fork is uniquely and specifically designed to provide an improved sifting function not previously possible with other bedding materials except when using a mechanized sifter, resulting in substantial material and labor cost savings, longer life and easier maintenance of bedding, reduction of cleaning time per stall, improved cleanliness of stalls and attendant improved health of the animals. The volume of waste and bedding removed from a horse stall during cleaning may reduce a manure pile as much as 70% compared to conventional use of straw.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 2001Date of Patent: November 5, 2002Inventor: Danny L. Padgett
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Patent number: 6123374Abstract: A new and improved mini hole digger with a handle having a hook secured to a lower surface thereof and two shafts, each of which is secured to the lower surface of the handle inward of an end portion thereof. A foot lever has two apertures formed therethrough. The foot lever has a hook secured thereto between the two apertures formed therethrough. A securement aperture is formed in a lower surface between the two apertures formed therethrough. The two apertures slidably receive the two shafts therethrough. The two apertures function to allow the foot lever to slide up and down along each of the two shafts. A spring is secured to the hook of the handle and to the hook of the foot lever. A digger housing has an aperture formed therethrough. The housing is secured to each of the two shafts outward of the aperture formed therethrough. The housing has a plurality of jagged edges integral therewith. A rod is received within the digger housing.Type: GrantFiled: September 7, 1999Date of Patent: September 26, 2000Inventor: Ernest Elder
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Patent number: 6050626Abstract: A manually-operated trash harvester system includes a trash retrieval assembly that consists of a rod with a spike on one end and a handle for a user's hand and an arm strap for the user's forearm at the other end and a movable tubular scraper mounted slidably over the rod and the spike. The scraper includes a flange for forcing impaled trash off the spike. The system also includes a trash collection assembly consisting of a trash bag frame mounted on wheels and includes four upstanding posts secured at the lower end thereof and movable to accommodate bags of various sizes in the interior space defined by the posts. A strap connects the bag frame to the user via a belt-like fastener to allow for hands-free movement of the collection assembly.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1998Date of Patent: April 18, 2000Inventor: James M. Dudley
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Patent number: 5642911Abstract: A litter gathering device consisting of an improved mechanism for retrieval and discharge of litter which uses a plurality of spikes mounted on a rubber plate allowing them to flex. The litter gathering device has a handle attached on top of an elongated hollow tubular member with a flange attached at the bottom. The flange has a threaded shaft where attached is a hard rubber plate containing a plurality of spikes. The invention has a discharge mechanism which involves a slidable shaft inside the elongated hollow tubular member. Attached at the lower end is a discharge plate containing a plurality of holes matching the plurality of spikes. Attached transversely through the slidable shaft is a smaller shaft with ends allowed to protrude through slots in the elongated hollow tubular member. Flanges are attached on both ends of the smaller shaft which are latchable into a wire handle of bucket.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1995Date of Patent: July 1, 1997Inventor: Donald F. Gatch
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Patent number: 5452767Abstract: An apparatus for extraction of weeds and other vegetation by hand or by using a power driver. The apparatus includes a hollow housing having at least one slot in which a planar shaft is slidably disposed. An extraction head is detachably coupled to the shaft, and can be extended or retracted by movement of the shaft within the housing. The extraction head can include a plurality of pointed prongs separated by a V-shaped notch, in which case the prongs are extended and inserted into the soil over the vegetation to be removed. Rotation of the apparatus winds the vegetation and its root around the prongs and removes it from the soil. The vegetation is then ejected from the apparatus by retracting the prongs and, if necessary, sliding the vegetation off of the housing. Alternatively, the extraction head can include clamping jaws or cutting edges which cut vegetation when the extraction head is retracted into the housing.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1994Date of Patent: September 26, 1995Inventor: Robert J. Smotherman
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Patent number: 5409281Abstract: A weed pulling apparatus has a tubular member and a handle. The end of the tubular member distally from the handle is inserted into the ground around a weed for forming a weed plug. A plunger rod is longitudinally disposed inside the tubular member and it is axially movable within the tubular member. A weed plug ejecting mechanism includes a lever pivotally mounted at the handle, a lock plate having an opening formed therein through which the plunger rod projects and a plunger head carried on the first end of the plunger rod. The lever and the lock plate cooperate such that, when the lever is pivoted, the lock plate forces the plunger rod downwardly in the tubular member and the plunger head ejects the weed plug from the tubular member.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1994Date of Patent: April 25, 1995Assignee: Chester PriceInventor: Chester Price
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Patent number: 5330010Abstract: An apparatus (10) for rotary extraction of weeds and other vegetation by hand or by using a power driver. The apparatus includes a hollow guide tube (20) in which a shaft (16) is slidably disposed. An extraction head having a plurality of pointed rods (12) or prongs (62) is coupled to shaft (16), and can be extended or retracted by movement of shaft (16) within the guide tube (20). The rods (12) or prongs (62) are extended and inserted into the soil over the vegetation to be removed. Rotation of the apparatus winds the vegetation and its root around the rods (12) or prongs (62) and removes it from the soil. The vegetation is then ejected from the apparatus by retracting the rods (12) or prongs (62) and, if necessary, sliding the vegetation off of the tapered sleeve (30).Type: GrantFiled: November 4, 1993Date of Patent: July 19, 1994Inventor: Robert J. Smotherman
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Patent number: 5261496Abstract: An apparatus (10) for rotary extraction of weeds and other vegetation by hand or by using a power driver. The apparatus includes a hollow guide tube (20) in which a shaft (16) is slidably disposed. A plurality of pointed rods (12) are coupled to shaft (16), and can be extended or retracted by movement of shaft (16) within the guide tube (20). The rods (12) are extended and inserted into the soil over the vegetation to be removed. Rotation of the apparatus winds the vegetation and its root around the rods (12) and removes it from the soil. The vegetation is then ejected from the apparatus by retracting the rods (12) and, if necessary, sliding the vegetation off of the tapered sleeve (30).Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1992Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Inventor: Robert J. Smotherman
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Patent number: 5193871Abstract: A device for removing plants with roots from the soil having spikes attached at the lower end of a shaft and a trigger mechanism located at the upper end. The spikes are shielded by a cover having holes alignable with the spikes. A rod extending down the interior of the shaft is attached to both the cover and the trigger mechanism. When the trigger mechanism is pulled, the rod and cover are pulled upward which exposes the spikes. When the trigger mechanism is released, a spring mechanism pushes the cover over the spikes.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1992Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Inventor: Donald E. Williams
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Patent number: 5149161Abstract: A manual device for depositing cookie dough onto baking sheets includes a unitary plastic body having two connected arms. The first arm terminates in a flat spatula used for scooping up and temporarily retaining portions of cookie dough. The second arm terminates in two parallel and offset fingers connected together at each end to form a ram with a slot extending therethrough. The flat spatula and slotted ram are constructed such that the spatula fits through the slot. The ram is passed over the spatula face to clear it of the cookie dough portion.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1990Date of Patent: September 22, 1992Inventor: Franklin G. Smith
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Patent number: 5123689Abstract: Apparatus for inserting a sandwich into a receptacle, includes a first square plate; a second square plate; a substantially U-shaped connecting section having free ends connected to respective edges of said first and second plates so as to maintain the first and second plates in a substantially parallel, spaced relation, while permitting movement of the first and second plates toward and away from each other; an ejector device for ejecting a sandwich from between the first and second plates, the ejector device including an ejector plate positioned between the first and second plates, the ejector plate having a width substantially equal to that of the first and second plates and a height substantially equal to that of a sandwich to be ejected from therebetween, an elongated leg extending from the ejector plate, a peg extending through a slot in one arm of the connecting section and a button connected to the opposite end of the peg so as to slidably retain the peg in the slot in the connecting section in orderType: GrantFiled: December 6, 1990Date of Patent: June 23, 1992Inventor: Linda Fields
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Patent number: 5005888Abstract: A garden tool for extracting a plant having roots in the earth. The garden tool basically comprises a housing and a prong assembly connected to the housing. The prong assembly includes a prong holder and at least three prongs with each prong being connected to the prong holder disposed generally near the outer peripheral surface of the prong holder. About one-fourth of a prong length of each of the prongs is disposed in the prong holder whereby the prong holder cooperates with the portions of the prongs disposed in the prong holder to provide sufficient strength for substantially reducing the tendency of the prongs to bend when disposed in the earth and rotated. The garden tool also includes a handle assembly which is connected to the upper end of the housing.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1990Date of Patent: April 9, 1991Assignee: Speedy Weedy, Inc.Inventors: David W. Parks, Thomas A. Parks, Raymond Green
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Patent number: 5004283Abstract: A tool for extracting weeds without stooping, bending or personally touching the weed is disclosed. The weed extracting tool has a plurality of spikes mounted onto a block which is mounted onto the lower end of a torque bar. Spiral ribs on the spikes are force fitted within bores formed in the block resulting in an interlocking union. A spring-loaded ejector carriage is movably mounted onto the torque bar for movement between retracted and extended positions. The ejector carriage includes an ejector plate, a push plate, and side panels connecting the two plates. The ejector plate is interposed between the spikes. A weed is extracted from the soil by inserting the spikes into the ground around the central root core of the weed, rotating the torque bar to engage the weed's roots about the spikes, and then lifting the entangled weed from the ground. The weed is then expelled by manually extending the ejector carriage along the torque bar.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1990Date of Patent: April 2, 1991Assignee: Robert S. ScheurerInventor: John F. Sullivan
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Patent number: 4986588Abstract: A weed puller is disclosed having a tubular main body member in one end of which is mounted a piston that is spring-biased toward a released position adjacent the body one end. At its other end, the main body member is provided with a handle arrangement for displacing the piston to a retracted positon within the body member via a piston rod that extends longitudinally through the main body member and projects at its free end therefrom. A drive plate is incrementally displaced by a lever to incrementally displace the rod and the piston toward the retracted position, and a releasable locking plate locks the rod and the piston against return displacement toward the released position.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1989Date of Patent: January 22, 1991Inventor: Chester Price
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Patent number: 4822088Abstract: A weed puller of telescopic tubes, the outer tube having one end engageable with a ground surface for surrounding a weed, the inner tube being held retracted and an ejector resiliently held retracted and releasable to eject the weed.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1988Date of Patent: April 18, 1989Inventor: Chester Price
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Patent number: 4776158Abstract: A conventional rake includes a stripper bar on the teeth which is movable by a push rod on the handle of the rake from a raised raking position to a lowered leaf push-off position. A spring clip holds the stripper bar in the raised position and may be assisted by a releasable guide element on the handle engaging the push rod.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1987Date of Patent: October 11, 1988Inventor: Wendell E. Baum
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Patent number: 4767141Abstract: A crumb shovel used to remove excess spoil, gravel, or soil from within any depth trench, cave-in, or the like. The crumb shovel has an elongated handle, a circular scoop, and is designed to be operated by one person. The scoop may provide a spring-loaded, knockout dumping system, such that when the spring is released the dumping system would push out the contents of the scoop. The handle is available with two options. The handle may have an arm with a lever to actuate the dumping system, or it may have either an adjustable or a fixed rear arm, or both.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1987Date of Patent: August 30, 1988Inventor: Arthur T. Martin
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Patent number: 4729589Abstract: A device for inserting a filling into a taco shell includes a base portion, a top portion, and an ejector portion slidably mounted on the base portion. The base portion includes an elongated handle portion having a lengthwise axis and a scoop portion with the scoop portion being substantially triangular. The handle portion is joined to the scoop portion at the vertex of the scoop portion. The top portion is movable on the base portion between a filling position and an emptied position and comprises an elongated plunger portion and an ejector portion which is substantially arcuate with the plunger portion being joined to the ejector portion at the center point of the ejector portion.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1986Date of Patent: March 8, 1988Inventor: Samuel Puskar
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Patent number: 4676538Abstract: A tool for implanting fertilizer spikes in the ground with a rod slidably disposed in an open ended hollow tube which is adapted to be inserted into the ground to a predetermined depth. The fertilizer spike engages the end of the slidable rod, the hollow tube and spike are pushed into the ground and the spike is expelled from the tube by actuation of the rod when the tube is removed from the ground.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1986Date of Patent: June 30, 1987Inventor: Manfred Fiedler
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Patent number: 4656929Abstract: An improved cooking utensil for the deep fat frying of food items including at least one food holding container having a movable portion which is responsive to a movable portion control means and moves from a closed position in alignment with adjacent portions of said food holding container to an open position away from said food holding container so that food items can be more easily removed from said food holding container after deep fat frying. Piston members responsive to piston control means can optionally be included within the food holding container to push the food items out of the food holding container after deep fat frying. A plurality of food holding containers can be utilized to deep fat fry a plurality of food items and the shape of the food holding containers can be varied to produce various shaped food items.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1985Date of Patent: April 14, 1987Inventor: Tri T. Dinh
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Patent number: 4653790Abstract: A treasure digging tool is disclosed with an open elongated circular tube formed at one end thereof to which is secured a spring-biased mechanism that works in conjunction with the circular tube when digging for treasure. The depth to which the treasure digging tool may descend into the earth is controlled by a pair of depth slides. Initially, a knife that is releasably secured to the end of the depth slides is used to gain entrance below lawns by making a singular widened straight angle cut through the lawn surface. Additionally, a piston rides within the confines of the circular tube to help remove and repack the earth previously removed.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1986Date of Patent: March 31, 1987Inventor: Dean Kenney
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Patent number: 4632441Abstract: A scoop for picking up particulate, granular, or penetrable solids. The scoop itself is a rugged one-piece construction that has a bucket member which is pushed into solids to be scooped in a normal "open" position. The scoop is constructed in the shape of a wedge to facilitate entry into the mass of solids and allows the force exerted on the scoop by the solids to assist in closing of the scoop.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1984Date of Patent: December 30, 1986Assignee: Zymark CorporationInventor: Raymond R. Dunlap
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Patent number: 4603744Abstract: A weed extractor device has an elongated member with a crank at its upper end portion and an extractor head at its lower end portion, the head having at least one blade, and preferably two, for insertion and rotation in soil. The blades have leading edge portions adapted for movement through soil and preferably define teeth adapted to facilitate movement and to retain weeds wrapped about the head. A weed ejector may be provided and has an ejector plate on a rod slidable relative to the elongated member for manual operation to eject weeds wound about the head.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1984Date of Patent: August 5, 1986Inventor: Frank L. Ramirez
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Patent number: 4585072Abstract: An improved tool for removing weeds and for planting plugs of grass is provided with an elongated, upright sleeve having a hollow chamber at the lower extremity thereof. A plunger is operated to pass through the chamber by means of an elongated handle extending upwardly through the sleeve. The plunger is positioned over weeds or other undesirable vegetation and the walls of the chamber are pushed into the soil to surround the root system of the weeds and to define a plug of soil. The tool is then lifted from the soil, carrying with it the weed with the plug of soil containing the root system of the weed intact. The handle is operated to push the plunger through the hollow chamber to eject the plug of soil and the weeds carried therewith.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1984Date of Patent: April 29, 1986Inventor: Alfred J. Martinez
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Patent number: 4483240Abstract: A cooking utensil for the deep fat frying of certain food items such as spring rolls and the like by immersion into hot liquid such as cooking oils which includes a food container with an opening for insertion and removal of the food. A piston-like member is slidably moveable within the food container, having one end abutting any food that is inserted into the container and a second end extending externally of the container. A control means, which is selectively activated by the user, causes the piston member to be positioned along a range of positions from a first position farthest away from the opening of the food container to a second position closest to the opening so that upon completion of deep fat frying, the control means can cause the piston member to slidably push the food contained in the food container at least partially out of the opening for easy removal.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1983Date of Patent: November 20, 1984Inventor: Tri-Trong Dinh
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Patent number: 4243206Abstract: An apparatus for removing weeds or other plants comprising a handle having a foot operated lever pivotally coupled to one end. A plurality of tines are connected to the front end of the lever for insertion into the ground for removing weeds or other plants as the front end of the lever is pivoted upward. The tines extend through apertures formed through a clean off plate which is adapted to slide on the tines between a rearward position near the front end of the lever and a forward position near the front ends of the tines. As the handle is pivoted forward, the clean off plate is moved forward by the end of the handle to clean weeds, dirt, etc. from the tines.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1979Date of Patent: January 6, 1981Inventors: Verner E. Heikkinen, Edward A. Heikkinen
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Patent number: 3990735Abstract: A device for facilitating the delivery of newspapers by motor vehicle to individual residential customers on what is commonly referred to as a motor delivery route. The device generally comprises a tubular holder to receive and embrace one end portion of a rolled or folded newspaper, said holder having a rigid handle extended rearwardly therefrom to enable the holder to be maneuvered from within the delivery vehicle into proximity to the customer's roadside or curbside receiver or receptacle, such as a newspaper tube or mailbox, without requiring the delivery person to leave the vehicle when the roadside receiver or receptacle is obstructed by a snowdrift or by a snowbank that has been plowed to the side of the roadway, or by a pile of construction material or refuse awaiting pickup, or other obstructions which prevent the delivery vehicle from approaching the receiver within normal arm's reach.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1975Date of Patent: November 9, 1976Inventor: Walter A. Starz