Abstract: To provide a high-quality, high-output, and low-cost automotive alternator by suppressing heat generation through the reduction of current loss in a heat dissipating plate of a rectifier without expanding a space for placing the heat dissipating plate and reducing the cooling performance of the heat dissipating plate. An automotive alternator includes a rectifier, wherein the rectifier is configured such that a heat dissipating plate of positive pole to which the rectifier element of positive pole is mounted is disposed opposite to a heat dissipating plate of negative pole to which a plurality of rectifier elements of negative pole are mounted; wherein the heat dissipating plate of positive pole is made up of a first heat dissipating plate and a second heat dissipating plate, which are made of two different materials.

Abstract: A system for cutting off standby power of the present invention comprises: a plurality of electronic products that are controlled devices; and a main system commonly controlling the same, wherein each of the plurality of electronic products is equipped with a standby power cut-off unit, which is controlled by the main system to open or cut off the power supply path of the power input of a corresponding electronic product, thereby cutting off standby power, and wherein the main system is equipped with a device selection and actuation unit which controls the action of the standby power cut-off unit of each of the electronic products to supply or cut off power to each of the plurality of electronic products.

Abstract: An input device includes a resistor group, an input terminal, a plurality of switches, and a control unit. The resistor group includes a plurality of resistors connected in series. The input terminal is connected to one end of the resistor group. Each switch of the plurality of switches has one end connected to each resistor of the plurality of resistors at an opposite side viewed from the input terminal and the other end grounded. The control unit detects an applied voltage to the input terminal when the plurality of switches are all turned off. Furthermore, the control unit detects an output voltage from the input terminal when any of the plurality of switches is turned on, and detects a switch that is turned on among the plurality of switches based on a voltage ratio of the output voltage to the applied voltage.

Abstract: A connector unit includes a first connector configured to be connected to an electrical apparatus, the first connector including multiple power receiving terminals for receiving a supply of electric power; and a second connector configured to be connected to a direct-current power supply and mated with the first connector. The second connector includes multiple power feeding terminals corresponding to the power receiving terminals of the first connector and a switch member configured to be moved between a connecting position for electrically connecting the power feeding terminals and the direct-current power supply and a breaking position for breaking the connection of the power feeding terminals and the direct-current power supply.

Abstract: An autonomous sump (ASP) system is designed to remove water from a sump using a source of power other than commercial electrical power or battery power. The ASP system can be a stand-alone unit or, alternatively, can be used along with a preexisting sump pump system. In some embodiments, the ASP system can provide an alert to a building owner of the ASP system failure.

Abstract: A transfer system may be provided. The transfer system may comprise a first transfer switch comprising first normally closed contacts and first normally open contacts. In addition, the transfer system may comprise a second transfer switch comprising second normally closed contacts and second normally open contacts. Furthermore, the transfer system may comprise third normally closed contacts with a solid state switch in parallel. A source monitor may be configured to monitor the quality of a primary source and a backup source. And a source control may be configured to operate the first transfer switch, the second transfer switch, the third normally closed contacts, and the solid state switch to transfer a load from the primary source to the backup source in response to the monitored quality of the primary source and the backup source.

Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling a hybrid switch comprising a first individually controllable semiconductor switch operably coupled in parallel to a second individually controllable semiconductor switch. The first semiconductor switch has a faster switching speed and lower power-processing capability than the second semiconductor switch. A first reference value V1REF for a first default turn-on transition time interval ?T1 and a second reference value V2REF for a second default turn-off transition time interval ?T2 are accessed for the controllable hybrid switch, which is enabled and controlled so that it operates in accordance with V1REF and V2REF. The duration of the default ?T1 and ?T2 used to control operation of the controllable hybrid switch is dynamically adjusted to compensate for at least one of variations in a current to a load operably coupled to the controllable hybrid switch and environmental conditions at the controllable hybrid switch.

Abstract: The preferred embodiments of the present invention use synchronized mechanical switches to support electrical switching circuits. Due to near perfect impedances of mechanical switches as well as accurate timing control mechanisms, the preferred embodiments of the present invention provide significant improvements in power efficiency and cost efficiency of first stage power input circuits.

Abstract: A battery system may include a plurality of battery modules connected in series. A battery module of the plurality of battery modules may include a cell stack array, a first solid state switch and a second solid state switch arranged in a half bridge configuration and configured to operate in a complementary fashion, and a solid state driver connected to both gates of the first solid state switch and second solid state switch and configured to turn on and off the first solid state switch and the second solid state switch. Further, the cell stack array is configured to be active when the first solid state switch is on and the second solid state switch is off, and configured to be bypassed when the first solid state switch is off and the second solid state switch is on.

Abstract: A ferrite module matrix driver circuit comprises a controller, a charging circuit, a plurality of ferrite modules arranged in the form of a matrix, a plurality of first switches driven by the controller, a plurality of second switches driven by the controller, and one or more comparators coupled to the charging circuit and the controller. Each switch in the first plurality of switches connects a respective column of said plurality of ferrite modules to the charging circuit. Each switch in the second plurality of switches connects a respective row of said plurality of ferrite modules to ground. And, after a specific voltage has been reached by the charging circuit, one of the comparators signals to the controller, which in turn selects a specific ferrite module to be polarized by driving one of the plurality of first switches and one of the plurality of second switches.

Abstract: A battery safety device for a vehicle and a method of detecting failure thereof is installed between a high-voltage battery mounted on the vehicle and a power line. The device includes a first main relay connected to a positive terminal of the battery in series, and a second main relay connected to a negative terminal of the battery in series. A capacitor is connected in parallel to the first main relay and connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

Abstract: The present invention is a standby-power cutoff device for an electronic product using a power adaptor.

Abstract: A wireless remote control comprising a sensor that generates an output signal as a function of its alignment that directly or indirectly activates or deactivates at least one electronic circuit, a plug socket, a first contact of the plug socket connected to a control input of a power supply device, an external plug that connects the first contact to a second contact when inserted into the plug socket and thus the power supply device is deactivated independently of the output signal of the sensor.

Abstract: This technology provides a semiconductor device capable of controlling an equivalent series resistance (ESR) generated from decoupling capacitors. To this end, the semiconductor device may include a plurality of decoupling capacitors electrically coupled between a first wire and a second wire in parallel, and a plurality of switches coupled between common source/drain terminals of two adjacent decoupling capacitors of the plurality of decoupling capacitors and the second wire.

Abstract: A switching device includes an operation lever capable of being turned in a first direction and in a second direction with respect to a neutral position, a first switch to detect a condition when the operation lever is moved to a first operation position, a second switch to detect a condition when the operation lever is moved to a second operation position symmetric to the first operation position, and a control unit to control a multistage function in a stepwise manner to switch operating states in a stepwise manner such that the condition of control of the multistage function is switched up in a stepwise manner based on a condition detected by the first switch and such that the condition of control of the multistage function is switched down in a stepwise manner based on a condition detected by the second switch.

Abstract: A positioning system comprising a mounting assembly arranged to move a positioning device via a magnetic coupling interaction between the mounting assembly and the positioning device. The positioning device is configured to limit the spread of flux away from the device.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for regulating the state of charge of a battery. An exemplary electrical system includes a fuel cell coupled to a bus and a battery coupled to the bus via a switching arrangement coupled to a capacitor. An exemplary method for operating the electrical system involves operating the switching arrangement such that a voltage of the battery is substantially equal to a voltage of the fuel cell when a state of charge of the battery is greater than a lower threshold value and less than an upper threshold value, and operating the switching arrangement to couple the capacitor electrically in series between the battery and the bus when the state of charge of the battery is not between the lower threshold value and the upper threshold value.

Abstract: A programmable timer for controlling two outlets that may be switched on and off in response to a programmed schedule where said programmable timer comprises an input device, a microprocessor, two switches and two outlets.

Abstract: A solar photovoltaic module safety shutdown system includes a module-on switch coupled with a first circuit having a photovoltaic module and a System-Monitor device. The System-Monitor device couples to the module-on switch through a second circuit and to the photovoltaic module and an AC main panelboard through the first circuit. A module-off switch operatively couples with the photovoltaic module and the module-on switch. The System-Monitor device supplies a System-on signal to the module-on switch through the second circuit. The module-on switch disables the photovoltaic module by shorting it or disconnecting it from the first circuit in response to the System-On signal not being received by the module-on switch from the System-Monitor device. The module-off switch disables the photovoltaic module by shorting it in response to the System-On signal not being received by the module-on switch when the photovoltaic module is irradiated with light.

Abstract: A method for operating an electrical circuit including a modular switch with four power semiconductor components and one capacitor. With this method, either both the first and the second power semiconductor components are switched so as to be conducting, and both the third and the fourth power semiconductor components are controlled so as to be blocking, so that a current flows from the first connection across the first power semiconductor component, across the capacitor and across the second power semiconductor component to the second connection, or both the third and fourth power semiconductor components are switched so as to be conducting, and both the first and the second power semiconductor components are controlled so as to be blocking, so that the current flows in reverse direction from the second connection across the fourth power semiconductor component, across the capacitor and across the third power semiconductor component to the first connection.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog (DAC) element may include a plurality of switches arranged to form two circuit branches between a current source and a first and a second outputs. The first circuit branch may include two switches defining parallel current paths between the current source and the first output terminal. The second circuit branch may include two switches defining parallel current paths between the current source and the second output terminal. A control circuit, responsive to an input signal that selects one of the circuit branches, may provide control signals to close one of switches in the selected circuit branch in a first portion of a clock cycle and to close the other of the switches in the selected circuit branch in a second portion of the clock cycle.

Abstract: A voltage detector 22 has an input port IN connectable to a steering remote control 6 of a voltage dividing type adapted to output one of output voltages different from each other for each of key switches to be pressed by a user, and detects through the input port IN an output voltage output from the steering remote control 6. A pull-up resistor 21a is connected in series between the input port IN and a power supply Vdd supplying a voltage to the steering remote control 6, and has a variable resistance. A controller 23 controls the pull-up resistor 21a to have sequentially changed resistances in a course of pressing the key switches. A processor 3 operates on sets of output voltages given respectively for the resistances in the course of pressing the key switches, to select a resistance of the pull-up resistor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor device, an electronic circuit, and a method. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor body; at least one transistor cell including a source region, a drift region, a body region separating the source region from the drift region, and a drain region in the semiconductor body, and a gate electrode dielectrically insulated from the body region by a gate dielectric; a source node connected to the source region and the body region; a contact node spaced apart from the body region and the drain region and electrically connected to the drain region; and a rectifier element formed between the contact node and the source node.

Abstract: A first-switch-actuation-polarity power is applied to a first-switch actuation line, the first polarity being defined relative to a first voltage on a first-switch-actuation-enable line, causing the first switch to actuate and remain actuated after the applied first-switch-actuation-polarity power is removed. Actuating the first switch couples a first-switch power input line to a first-switch power output line and the first-switch power input line to the first-switch enable line. The first-switch enable line is coupled to a second-switch actuation enable line on a second switch.

Abstract: A semiconductor device that makes isolation circuits unnecessary and that also resolves the problem of through-current flowing during power supply shutdown transitions and during power supply recovery and that even flows between the regions during power shutdown. A semiconductor device of the present invention including a first power supply line, and a second power supply line coupled to a first power supply line by way of a first switch, a macro cell containing a macro cell core coupled to the second power supply line, and a third power supply line coupled by way of a second switch to a first power supply line, and a circuit block coupled to the third power supply line and also coupled to at least either the macro cell core input or output; and the second power supply line is coupled to the third power supply line.

Abstract: This disclosure provides example methods, devices, and systems for a three-lead electronic switch system adapted to replace a mechanical switch. A device is disclosed that includes a sensor, a current limiting circuit, an output switching circuit comprising a first switching device and a second switching device, and a three lead interface circuit in communication with the output switching circuit and the current limiting circuit. The device includes an electronic switching circuit in communication with the sensor, the current limiting circuit, and the output switching circuit. The electronic switching circuit is configured to drive the first and second switching devices in complementary conduction states responsive to determining the output of the sensor relative to a threshold voltage. The output switching circuit includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a return terminal that are configured to provide power to the electronic switching circuit while providing an indication of the conduction states.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device for regulating an amount of electrical power provided to at least one electrical load, the device comprising a control circuit disposed in the housing and including at least one switch device movable between a first switch state and a second switch state. The control circuit further includes a power control element that has a power control actuator configured to adjust the amount of power provided to the at least one electrical load. A variable control actuator is accessible to the user via the control aperture and coupled to the power control actuator via a linkage structure. The linkage structure further includes a pin and channel arrangement configured to convert a user control action into a power control actuator adjustment by translating rotational motion into linear motion or linear motion into rotational motion.

Abstract: This invention discloses a power switch that includes a fast-switch semiconductor power device and a slow-switch semiconductor power device controllable to turn on and off a current transmitting therethrough. The slow-switch semiconductor power device further includes a ballasting resistor for increasing a device robustness of the slow switch semiconductor power device. In an exemplary embodiment, the fast-switch semiconductor power device includes a fast switch metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) and the slow-switch semiconductor power device includes a slow switch MOSFET wherein the slow switch MOSFET further includes a source ballasting resistor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for shut-down of a photovoltaic system. In one embodiment, a method implemented in a computer system includes: communicating, via a central controller, with a plurality of local management units (LMUs), each of the LMUs coupled to control a respective solar module; receiving, via the central controller, a shut-down signal from a user device (e.g., a hand-held device, a computer, or a wireless switch unit); and in response to receiving the shut-down signal, shutting down operation of the respective solar module for each of the LMUs.

Abstract: A power transfer device for connecting an electrical load to a power supply is disclosed. The power transfer device monitors the operating status of the power supply. Upon loss of power at the power supply, the power transfer device opens a switch between the power supply and the electrical load. When power is restored, the power transfer device executes a delay time module. After the delay time module has timed out, the power transfer device closes the switch to reconnect the power supply and the electrical load. Power transfer devices may be supplied to each of multiple loads connected to a power supply. By setting the time delay period of each power transfer device to a different duration, the electrical transients resulting from reconnecting all of the electrical loads to the power supply are reduced.

Abstract: An electronic circuit arrangement for use in an explosive area may include an electrical signal line, which connects an electrical input connector to an electrical output connector, and an electrical earth line, which can be or is electrically connected to the electrical signal line by at least one electrical earthing line. An inductive component and a semiconductor switch may be arranged in the at least one earthing line. The semiconductor switch may be switched between a closed state, in which the signal line is electrically connected via the at least one earthing line to the earth line, and an open state, in which this electrical connection is interrupted.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an electronic transmission element is provided that has a first input and a first output. The first input is coupled to the first output by means of two first, parallel-connected complementary switches. The first switches each have a control input. The electronic transmission element further has a second input and a second output. The second input is coupled to the second output by means of two second, parallel-connected complementary switches. The second switches each have a control input. The first output is coupled to the control inputs of the second switches and the second output is coupled to the control inputs of the first switches.

Abstract: A user interface device for a switching device for low voltage electrical circuits comprising one or more electrical poles and an auxiliary device, provided with a first control unit. The user interface device, according to the invention, comprises a second control unit capable of storing data and of exchanging data and/or signals with said first control unit. The user interface device, according to the invention is mechanically associable, in a removable manner, with the switching device. The user interface device, according to the invention is electrically connectable, in a removable manner, to the aforesaid auxiliary device.

Abstract: A power control device includes a connector, a detecting module, a control module, a first output module, a second output module, a first switch module, and a second switch module. The detecting module measures a current and outputs different signals according to a comparison result between the current and a preset value. The first output module and the second output module are selectively used to supply power for the connector according to a value of the current.

Abstract: A PhotoVoltaic (PV) panel switching arrangement includes a first switch and a second switch, which in some embodiments are in a DC converter. The first switch is to be coupled between a power system and a first end of a circuit path of the PV panel, and the second switch is to be coupled between (i) a point between the first switch and the power system and (ii) a point between a second end of the circuit path and the power system. The switches are controlled for DC conversion of PV panel output where the circuit path of the PV panel is not to be bypassed, and to disconnect the first end of the circuit path from the power system and to close a bypass circuit path that bypasses the circuit path on a determination that the circuit path of the PV panel is to be bypassed.

Abstract: A power supply switch circuit according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first switch element that is connected between a first power supply line and a second power supply line and switches connection and disconnection between the first power supply line and the second power supply line according to a first enable signal; a second switch element that is connected between the first power supply line and the second power supply line and switches connection and disconnection between the first power supply line and the second power supply line; and a switch control circuit that includes at least one logic gate supplied with power from the second power supply line and controls the second switch element. The switch control circuit controls the second switch element based on a second enable signal supplied to the switch control circuit and on a voltage of the second power supply line.

Abstract: An electronic device with a plurality of keys which correspond to a plurality of standard voltages respectively comprises a voltage generation module, a detection module, storage, an acquiring module, a comparison module, and an extraction module. The voltage generation module with an initial voltage decreases the initial voltage to the standard voltage corresponding to the pressed key. The detection module detects whether the current voltage of the voltage generation module is equal to the initial voltage. The storage stores the current voltage as a reference voltage when the current voltage is not equal to the initial voltage. The acquiring module acquires a current voltage of the voltage generation module after a predetermined time. The comparison module compares the acquired current voltage with the reference voltage. When the acquired current voltage is equal to the reference voltage, the extraction module executes an operation corresponding to the reference voltage.

Abstract: A multi-switching device and a multi-switching method thereof perform the following steps. A first control signal and a second control signal are received. Whether the first control signal and the second control signal are received is determined. When the first control signal and the second control signal are received, whether the first control signal and the second control signal specify any control requests is determined. When the first control signal and the second control signal respectively specify a control request, a control signal protection procedure is performed to control a first bus to communicate with one of second buses, and an error warning signal is outputted. When the first control signal and the second control signal do not respectively specify any control requests, a backup processing procedure is performed, and the error warning signal is outputted.

Abstract: We describe a system for controlling very large numbers of power semiconductor switching devices (132) to switch in synchronisation. The devices are high power devices, for example carrying hundreds of amps and/or voltages of the order of kilovolts. In outline the system comprises a coordinating control system (110, 120), which communicates with a plurality of switching device controllers (130) to control the devices into a plurality of states including a fully-off state, a saturated-on state, and at least one intermediate state between the fully-off and saturated-on states, synchronising the devices in the at least one intermediate state during switching.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polling system, including: a matrix element including individual elements including upper electrodes and lower electrodes, the individual elements being arrayed in plural, the upper electrodes of the individual elements being each connected in series to form upper electrode units which are arrayed in plural and the lower electrodes of the individual elements being each connected in series to form lower electrode units which are arrayed in plural; an upper switch connected to each of the upper electrode units which is arrayed in plural; a lower switch connected to each of the lower electrode units which is arrayed in plural; and a polling unit performing polling to apply voltage to the upper electrodes and the lower electrodes, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method of controlling switch units between a battery pack and a load, and a battery pack and a battery management system comprising the same. The apparatus comprises a memory for storing the turn-off number and order of first and second switch units connecting the battery pack with the load according to current ranges; and a control unit for equalizing the turn-off order of the first switch unit and the second switch unit with reference to the turn-off number and order in a current range corresponding to a magnitude level of discharge current of a battery. Accordingly, the present invention reduces the frequency of breakdown or malfunction of the switch units and increases the using period of the switch units.

Abstract: A current assignment method and a switch arrangement are disclosed for assigning current, the switch arrangement including two series-connected switches, each including a trigger unit to check whether a preset current condition is satisfied. A signal is sent by the trigger unit of a switch which is postpositionally placed when the current condition is satisfied, the signal at least preventing the immediate triggering of a correspondingly prepositionally placed switch after being received by the corresponding trigger unit. To achieve a technically simple communication connection between switches, in at least one embodiment each trigger unit is formed so as to send but and receive the signal, and each trigger unit includes a measurement unit for measuring an energy flow direction in a subordinate switch and a conversion unit for converting from sending to receiving or from receiving to sending appropriately when the energy flow direction is reversed.

Abstract: An integrated resistive load bank management system (500) uses a load bank (510) to control a flow of electrical energy to an electrically operated system (520). The load bank management system uses a resistive load bank to dissipate power from a generator set (505). The load bank management system can rapidly switch an electrical connection between a load bank and the generator set and the electrically operated system and the generator set. The load bank management system can provide an instantaneous increase in power to the electrically operated system and provide a short recovery time between power pulses provided to the electrically operated system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a light string is provided. A controller is coupled to the light string and is used to bias one or more of the multicolor LEDs within each bulb on the light string. Using a prearranged determination of 1) the multicolor LEDs within each bulb, 2) the placement of the bulbs within the light string, and 3) the proper biasing of the plurality of leads within the light string, the controller can be used to change the entire light string from one complex holiday color scheme to another using a simple switching mechanism to select from one a of a plurality of desired color schemes.

Abstract: A safety switching device for fail-safely switching on and off an electrical load, and to a system comprising at least two safety switching devices which interact in a fail-safe manner via a single-channel. The safety switching device comprises a fail-safe control unit, a first and a second electronic switching element connected with a first and a second output terminal; and at least one input terminal for receiving a first switching signal that causes a switching of said switching elements. Said first and second switching elements each comprise an output which provides depending on the first switching signal an output signal having a first or second potential. A third output terminal connects said safety switching device to a second safety switching device, providing a clocked signal depending on the first switching signal and being monitored by said control unit for performing a cross fault detection.

Abstract: A static transfer switch circuit for high reliability uninterruptible power supply system comprises a first switch unit which includes at least two switch sets connected in parallel and at least one second switch unit. Each of the switch sets has two controllable semiconductor switch elements connected in parallel reversely. The first switch unit includes one end connected to a bypass power source and another end connected to a load end. The second switch unit includes at least two switch sets or electromagnetic switches connected in series, and has one end connected to an output end of an uninterruptible power supply system main unit and another end connected to the load end. The static transfer switch circuit thus formed is simpler in structure and can enhance the reliability of static transfer switches used on a single machine or multi-machine uninterruptible power supply system.

Abstract: Multiple-contact switches are disclosed. An example multiple-contact switch disclosed herein includes a double throw switch having a common terminal, a first throw terminal, and a second throw terminal, the common terminal being coupled to a reference; a first throw circuit coupled to the first throw terminal, the first throw circuit to output an open signal to a process control device when the common terminal is substantially in contact with one of the first throw terminal or the second throw terminal; and a second throw circuit coupled to the second throw terminal, the second throw circuit to cause the first throw circuit to output a close signal to the process control device when the common terminal is substantially in contact with the other one of the first throw terminal or the second throw contact terminal, wherein at least one of the open signal or the close signal corresponds to the reference.

Abstract: A remote-controllable circuit breaker (RCB) is provided for use with a main breaker that permits a user to stop power from being delivered to selected non-critical loads by remotely operating a small motor within one or more RCBs to turn the RCBs off. The user can be the consumer himself, or, if remote access to the RCB has been granted by the consumer, the user can be a retail energy supplier or the consumer's utility company. The RCB's can be installed in the main circuit breaker box, or they can be installed in a subpanel. A communications module with a power supply and a relay operates to change the polarity of the d.c. voltage on an RCB's motor to switch power to a load off or on. The communications module receives input from any standard communications network, such as internet protocol, wi-fi or wi-max.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for autonomously switching off a domestic appliance after completion of a previously selected program is disclosed. The domestic appliance has a control device that executes programs controlling the domestic appliance and an operating unit. The domestic appliance is connected to electrical energy from a power source through circuit arrangement comprising a terminal connection and first and second switches. The first electrical switch is separate from the second switch and can be switched from an open state to a closed state in which the switch is electrically conductive to connect the control device to the electrical energy. The control device is designed to switch the second switch from an open state to a closed state in which the control device is connected to electrical energy through the second switch as soon as the first switch is switched to the closed switching state.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management system and a switching method thereof, which can prevent fusion of a relay by preventing arcing and voltage spikes when the relay is turned off (opened). To this end, the embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management system including one or more battery packs; a master battery management unit sensing voltages and/or currents of the battery packs; main relays connected between the battery packs and loads and turned on or off by the master battery management unit; and sub relays connected to the main relays in parallel, turned on or off by the master battery management unit and having resistors, wherein when switching occurs in which the main relays are turned off, the sub relays are first turned on and the main relays are then turned off.