Abstract: The present invention pertains to a spark plug jacket, e.g. for a large or high performance combustion engine, and a corresponding method of manufacturing a spark plug jacket, in particular to provide an improved sealing towards a coolant cavity. Accordingly, a spark plug jacket is suggested, comprising a contact surface for contacting a support surface of a cylinder head of a combustion engine, wherein in a first state, when a spark plug is not mounted in the spark plug jacket, at least a portion of the contact surface of the spark plug jacket defines a first angular offset to a contact surface direction defined by the support surface of the cylinder head and, in a second state, when the spark plug is mounted to the spark plug jacket, said portion defines a second angular offset, wherein the first angular offset is larger than the second angular offset.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode with one or more electrode tip(s) formed on one or more electrode base(s) using an additive manufacturing process, such as a powder bed fusion technique, such that each electrode tip overhangs an edge of a corresponding electrode base. The spark plug electrode may be a center electrode, a ground electrode, or an annular ground electrode and can be provided according to a number of different configurations. Each electrode tip includes a precious metal-based material, such as an iridium- or platinum-based alloy, and a plurality of laser deposition layers, and each electrode tip can be secured to an electrode base with a weldless joint. An additive manufacturing process is also provided.

Abstract: A composite sparking component for a spark plug that has a thin precious metal layer with a series of grooves attached to an underlying base layer. The grooves allow the precious metal layer, and hence the entire composite sparking component, to be more easily bent or formed into a desired shape, while at the same time minimizing the amount of precious metal and providing enhanced sparking sites along the edges of the grooves. In one example, the composite sparking component is a sleeve-shaped component attached to a center electrode. In a different example, the composite sparking component is a ring-shaped component attached to a ground electrode. The precious metal layer may be bonded to the base layer in the form of a bimetal laminate structure, or the precious metal layer can be built on the base layer with the use of additive manufacturing, to cite several possibilities.

Abstract: One example provides a spark plug including an axial centerline extending between a terminal end and a firing end, an insulative core including a central bore having a first diameter coincident with the axial centerline extending through the insulative core, an insulative nose proximate to the firing end, and a counter bore coincident with the axial centerline and extending axially into the insulative nose, the counter bore having a second diameter greater than the first diameter. A center electrode includes an electrode wire disposed within the central bore and having a first end extending into the counter bore, and an electrode head mechanically and electrically coupled to the first end of the electrode wire, a first portion of the electrode head seated within the counter bore to define an interface with the counter bore to provide a heat transfer path from the electrode head to the insulative core.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine ignition device is provided for increasing the thermal efficiency of an internal combustion engine by increasing the spark length within the combustion chamber, wherein the spark can extend the width of the combustion chamber. The ignition device includes an ignition device housing to which a laser source is coupled. The laser source generates a laser beam capable of ionizing a fuel and/or an oxygen-containing gas used for combustion of the fuel in a combustion chamber. An electrical spark generator having a cathode electrode is coupled to the ignition device housing. The spark generator is configured for generating an electrical spark that emanates from the cathode within the combustion chamber and extends through the ionized fuel and/or ionized oxygen-containing gas, which may extend through the expanse of the combustion chamber, to a ground electrode within the combustion chamber to provide a more efficient and rapid fuel combustion within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A male coupling member detachably couplable to a female coupling member includes an outer coupling body having a first end inserted and fitted into the female coupling member, a second end opposite to the first end, and a passage extending from the first end to the second end. The male coupling member further includes an inner coupling body disposed coaxially with the outer coupling body at a position closer to the first end, and a filtration member detachably attached to the inner coupling body. The inner coupling body is attachable to and detachable from the outer coupling body from the first end. The filtration member is held in the passage when the inner coupling body is attached to the outer coupling body. The filtration member is detachable when the inner coupling body is detached from the outer coupling body.

Abstract: An aqueous conversion coating solution comprises a trivalent chromium compound, a zirconate compound, and a dye compound. The trivalent chromium compound can comprise trivalent chromium compounds such as trivalent chromium sulfate. The dye compound can comprise an azo dye, a chromium complex dye, an anthraquinoid dye, and/or a methine dye. The zirconate compound can comprise alkali metal hexafluorozirconate compounds. The conversion coating solution can comprise a phosphorous compound such as an organic amino-phosphonic acid compound. The conversion coating solution can be formed by mixing a dye additive containing the dye with a trivalent chromium conversion coating solution that does not contain a dye. The conversion coating solution can be used to treat metal substrates comprising aluminum, magnesium, and/or zinc.

Abstract: An ignition plug includes a metallic shell containing iron as a main component, carbon in an amount of 0.20 wt. % to 0.30 wt. %, manganese in an amount of 0.30 wt. % to 0.45 wt. %, and sulfur in an amount of 0.005 wt. % to 0.009 wt. %. The ratio of the manganese content (wt. %) to the sulfur content (wt. %); i.e., Mn/S is 40 to 65.

Abstract: A spark plug assembly includes a housing having an inner wall defining a bore, the housing having an open end connected to the bore, a ceramic insulator disposed within the bore and having a conical nose extending from the open end, an insulator electrode extending from the conical nose, a ground electrode coupled to and extending from the housing, wherein a spark gap is defined between the insulator electrode and the ground electrode, and a volume defined between the housing inner wall and an outer wall of the conical nose. The volume includes (i) a primary cavity, and (ii) a wide recirculation cavity defining a curved path such that gas flow entering the volume is received therein in a first direction and redirected in a second opposite direction to create an cooling airflow along the ceramic insulator and reduce a risk of low speed pre-ignition.

Abstract: At least one of a center electrode and a ground electrode of a spark plug includes an electrode body, an electrode tip, and a welded portion formed between the electrode body and the electrode tip. The electrode tip includes a cover layer that covers at least a side surface of a tip body, and the cover layer is formed of IrAl. On a section formed by cutting the electrode tip near a boundary with the welded portion, an area of the tip body is represented by Sa. An area of a projection on the section of a non-contact portion of an opposite surface of the tip body not in contact with the welded portion is represented by Sb. In this case, Sa?Sb corresponds to 35% or more of Sa.

Abstract: An electrical module for use within a fuel injector for delivering fuel to an internal combustion engine is described. The electrical module has a variable length. The electrical module comprises electrical contacts for operatively connecting the electrical module to a power plug of a fuel injector. The electrical module also comprises an actuator for operatively controlling a control valve disposed within the fuel injector. The electrical module also comprises electrical conductors arranged within a protective housing. These electrical conductors provide an electrical connection between the electrical contacts and the actuator in order to provide electrical power to the actuator when the electrical contacts are operatively connected to the power plug of the fuel injector. The body of the electrical module is comprised of a compressible elastic element, such that the length of the module is variable by compressing the elastic element. Injectors including such electrical modules are also described.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine engine includes a combustion chamber and a fuel igniter assembly. The combustion chamber is defined by an annular inner combustor liner and an annular outer combustor liner. The fuel igniter assembly is coupled to the combustor and extends radially outward from the outer combustor liner. The fuel igniter assembly includes an igniter housing configured to house a fuel igniter therein, and a heat-dissipating element coupled to the igniter housing. The heat-dissipating element includes a plurality of fins configured to dissipate heat from the fuel igniter assembly.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a metal shell, an insulator, a center electrode, and a ground electrode. At least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode includes a projection having a columnar shape. The projection projects toward the other of the center electrode and the ground electrode and forms the discharge gap. A portion of a side surface of the projection has a recess. A melted portion is formed by melting the noble metal tip and an electrode base material. The recess is formed in the melted portion. When D is a depth of the recess from a side surface of the noble metal tip and R is a diameter of the noble metal tip, 0.05 mm?D?0.3×R is satisfied.

Abstract: A spark plug having a capacitor formed therein and a semi-surface gap, wherein the capacitor permits a high-impulse discharge to occur across the semi-surface gap and the pronounced effects of the Lorentz force, due to the high voltage and high current discharge, cause the spark to project axially away from the end of the spark plug.

Abstract: An igniter (20) includes an outer insulator (24) formed of an outer ceramic material hermetically sealed to a conductive core (26). The conductive core (26) is formed of a core ceramic material and a conductive component, such as an electrically conductive coating applied to the core ceramic material or metal particles or wires embedded in the core ceramic material. The conductive core (26) is typically sintered and disposed in the green outer insulator (24). The components are then sintered together such that the outer insulator (24) shrinks onto the conductive core (26) and the hermetic seal forms therebetween. The conductive core (26) fills the outer insulator (24), so that the conductive core (26) is disposed at an insulator nose end (34) of the outer insulator (24) and the electrical discharge (22) can be emitted from the conductive core (26), eliminating the need for a separate firing tip.

Abstract: An electrode material that may be used in spark plugs and other ignition devices for igniting an air/fuel mixture in an engine. The electrode material has a metal ceramic composite structure and includes a particulate component embedded or dispersed within a matrix component such that the electrode material has a multi-phase microstructure. In an exemplary embodiment, the matrix component includes platinum (Pt) and one or more additive metals like nickel (Ni) or palladium (Pd), and the particulate component includes an electrically conductive ceramic, such as titanium diboride (TiB2). A liquid phase or a solid phase sintering process may be used, depending on the particular constituency of the electrode material.

Abstract: An improved gas turbine igniter (10) is provided. Turbine igniter (10) may include a guide tube (14). An igniter rod (12) may be disposed in the guide tube and extend from a hot-end region (16) to a cold-end region (18). A piston (20) may be connected to igniter rod (12). A cap (22) may be connected to guide tube (14). Cap (22) defines an access passageway (24) to the igniter rod. Structure (50) is arranged to reduce a range of radial movement of igniter rod (12) in the access passageway.

Abstract: A spark plug has a metal shell and a ground electrode joined at a base end portion thereof to the metal shell and includes a surface layer and a core higher in thermal conductivity than the surface layer. The surface layer has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm at a specific position that is located 1 mm from the base end portion. The spark plug satisfies the following condition: W1?W2×1.55?(W3+0.25) where W1 (mm) is a width of the metal shell at a weld region of the metal shell joined with the base end portion in a specific direction that extends perpendicular to the axis direction through a center line of the ground electrode; W2 (mm) is a thickness of the ground electrode at the specific position in the specific direction; and W3 (mm) is a thickness of the surface layer at the specific position in the specific direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark gap comprising a number of series-connected individual spark gaps which are placed in a stack arrangement, which are spaced apart from each other by insulating material discs and are provided with a spring contact, the individual spark gaps including ring-shaped or disc-shaped electrodes, and further comprising control elements for influencing the voltage distribution over the stack arrangement. According to the invention the ring-shaped or disc-shaped electrodes required to form one of the respective individual spark gaps are each inserted into an insulating body and held by same in a centered manner. The respective insulating material discs are located between and fixed by the insulating bodies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark plug for combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine comprising: an external body (1) forming ground electrode, intended to be received mainly in a bypass of the combustion chamber, an internal central electrode (2), an interposed insulator (3) with clearance between the external body (1) and the internal electrode (2), said spark plug terminating in a nose forming portion (5) intended for its part to be received in the flame tube of the chamber of the combustion chamber, a semi-conductor element being interposed between the central electrode and the ground electrode at the level of said nose forming portion, wherein the external body (1) comprises at least one cooling air inlet (6) which communicates inside the spark plug with at least one outlet (8, 9, 10) arranged at the level of the nose forming portion.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a terminal for receiving an electrical charge, a firing electrode on a firing end of the spark plug, and a conductor electrically coupling the terminal and firing electrode. The spark plug further includes a casing, an electrical insulator, and a ground electrode. The casing is at least partially formed from an electrically conductive material and is configured to be electrically coupled to a ground. The electrical insulator separates the conductor from the casing. The ground electrode is positioned proximate to the firing electrode, but separated from the firing electrode by a spark gap. The ground electrode includes an extension projecting from the casing such that the firing electrode is closer to the ground electrode than the firing electrode is to the casing. There is substantially no air gap between the interior of the casing and the electrical insulator from the firing end of the spark plug.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark gap arrangement comprising two preferably flat, opposing electrodes (1) that are held apart in a housing body (13), said electrodes forming an arc combustion chamber, and comprising a gas-cooling and pressure-compensating chamber that is connected to the arc combustion chamber. According to the invention, the housing body (13) is formed from two half-shells (14, 16), each of which has first recesses that lie opposite each other in one plane for electrode connecting limbs (3), said limbs being connected to a connecting terminal (15) on the outside of the housing body. Each of the half-shells (14, 16) has a first space for receiving an insulating material support (11) for the electrodes (1) and a second space for receiving a cooling block (8), which has channels, with a high heat capacity.

Abstract: A spark plug, a center electrode therefore and method of construction is provided. The spark plug has a generally annular ceramic insulator extending between a terminal end and a nose end. A conductive shell surrounds at least a portion of the ceramic insulator and a ground electrode having a ground electrode sparking surface is operatively attached to the shell. An elongate center electrode has a body extending between opposite ends, wherein the body is compacted and sintered of a conductive or semi-conductive ceramic material. One of the electrode ends provides a center electrode sparking surface to provide a spark gap between the center electrode sparking surface and the ground electrode sparking surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark plug of an internal combustion engine, especially for use in Otto gas engines. Said spark plug comprises, supported by an insulating body (1), a preferably one-piece spark plug shell (2) and a center electrode (3), which is especially rod-shaped or has a plurality of electrode fingers, and at least one ground electrode (4), preferably a plurality of ground electrodes, the center electrode (3) and the at least one ground electrode (4) being surrounded by a chamber, especially a pre-chamber (5a) or a swirl chamber (5b) supported by the spark plug shell (2), or being located inside said chamber (5a, 5b).

Abstract: A spark plug 100 comprised of a metal shell 1, an insulator 2, a center electrode 3 and a ground electrode 4. A rear-end face of the ground electrode 4 is welded to a front-end face of the metal shell 1, and a bent portion 5 located at the intermediated position in the longitudinal direction is bent toward the center of the spark plug 100. The ground electrode 4 assumes a circular-shape with a diameter of 2 mm or less whereby an inflow of an air-fuel mixture is not disturbed even when the air-fuel mixture directly flows into a back face of the ground electrode 4. The ground electrode 4 is comprised of an outer layer 4A made of a nickel alloy and an inner layer 4B made of pure copper with an excellent thermal conductivity, in which a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the inner layer 4B to the entire cross-sectional area of the ground electrode 4 is 10% or more to 35% or less.

Abstract: A spark plug, a center electrode therefore and method of construction is provided. The spark plug has a generally annular ceramic insulator extending between a terminal end and a nose end. A conductive shell surrounds at least a portion of the ceramic insulator and a ground electrode having a ground electrode sparking surface is operatively attached to the shell. An elongate center electrode has a body extending between opposite ends, wherein the body is compacted and sintered of a conductive or semi-conductive ceramic material. One of the electrode ends provides a center electrode sparking surface to provide a spark gap between the center electrode sparking surface and the ground electrode sparking surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark plug of an internal combustion engine, especially for use in Otto gas engines. Said spark plug comprises, supported by an insulating body (1), a preferably one-piece spark plug shell (2) and a center electrode (3), which is especially rod-shaped or has a plurality of electrode fingers, and at least one ground electrode (4), preferably a plurality of ground electrodes, the center electrode (3) and the at least one ground electrode (4) being surrounded by a chamber, especially a pre-chamber (5a) or a swirl chamber (5b) supported by the spark plug shell (2), or being located inside said chamber (5a, 5b).

Abstract: A spark plug includes a terminal for receiving an electrical charge, a firing electrode on a firing end of the spark plug, and a conductor electrically coupling the terminal and the firing electrode. The spark plug further includes a casing, an electrical insulator, and a ground electrode. The casing is at least partially formed from an electrically conductive material and is configured to be electrically coupled to a ground. The electrical insulator separates the conductor from the casing. The ground electrode is positioned proximate to the firing electrode, but separated from the firing electrode to allow a spark to jump between the firing and ground electrodes during operation of the spark plug. The ground electrode includes an extension coupled to the casing and projecting from the casing such that the firing electrode is closer to the ground electrode than the firing electrode is to the casing.

Abstract: There is provided a spark section (80) of needle-like shape protruding from an inner surface (33) of a ground electrode (30) to define a spark gap between the spark section and an electrode tip on a center electrode. The spark section (80) has a noble metal member (81) and an intermediate member (86) joined to each other. The materials of the noble metal member (81) and the intermediate member (86) are selected in such a manner that the thermal conductivity of the intermediate member (86) is lower than that of the noble metal member (81). This limits heat radiation through the heat radiation passage from the noble metal member (81) through the intermediate member (86) to the ground electrode (30) so as to maintain the noble metal member (81) at a higher temperature than conventional types and reduce a quenching effect of the noble metal member (81) on a flame core generated in the spark gap for improvement in ignition performance.

Abstract: A processing solution for forming a hexavalent chromium free, corrosion resistant trivalent chromate conversion film on zinc or zinc alloy plating layers comprises: trivalent chromium and oxalic acid in a molar ratio ranging from 0.5/1 to 1.5/1, wherein the trivalent chromium is present in the form of a water-soluble complex with oxalic acid; and cobalt ions, which do not form a hardly soluble metal salt with oxalic acid and are stably present in the processing solution without causing any precipitation; wherein the solution reacts with zinc when bringing it into contact with the zinc or zinc alloy plating to form a hexavalent chromium free, corrosion resistant, trivalent chromate conversion film containing zinc, chromium, cobalt, oxalic acid and silicon on the plating.

Abstract: A spark plug for an internal combustion engine has a housing and an insulator held in a clamping area of the housing, which electrically insulates a central electrode from the housing, a heat transfer area having a circumferential gap between the housing and the insulator being provided in the area of a combustion chamber-side end section of the housing for dissipating the heat absorbed by the insulator. The heat transfer area and the clamping area are spatially separated from each other.

Abstract: A spark plug according to the present invention includes a metal shell, an insulator retained in the metal shell, a center electrode secured in the insulator, and a ground electrode. The center electrode includes a base member and a thin member thinner the base member. The ground electrode includes a base member fixed to the metal shell and a protruding member that protrudes from the base member and has an end face with an inner and an outer edge. When the insulator is clean, sparks can be discharged between the thin member and the inner edge. When the insulator is fouled with carbon, sparks can be discharged between the base member and the outer edge to self-clean the insulator. Dimensional parameters and relationships are specified in the spark plug, so that the spark plug can induce spark discharges with a low discharge voltage while securing an excellent self-cleaning capability thereof.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine sparkplug and glow plug are constructed to conduct and transmit visible combustion generated light from the inner combustion chamber to the combustion chamber and engine exterior by means of an visible light conducting, transmitting, high temperature stable, inert and electrically insulating material. that surrounds or is adjacent to the central electrode.

Abstract: An arc gage (30) includes a non-electrically conductive housing (42) and a first electrically conductive pin (44) that is disposed therein. The first pin (44) has a first end (44A) disposed within the housing (42) and a second end (44B) disposed outside the housing (42). A second electrically conductive pin (46) that has a third end (46A) within the housing (42) and spaced apart from the first end (44A) forms a gap (52) therebetween. A fourth end (46B) of the second electrically conductive pin (46) is disposed outside the housing (42). The arc gage (30) may be a stand alone device or used as part of a spark checking device that includes a device housing a voltage generator and a wand (26) that is electrically coupled to the power terminal of a voltage generator (34) disposed within the device housing (28).

Abstract: An ignition device, in particular, a spark plug for Otto engines, includes an electric connection (11) and a tubular metal housing (13) with a screw-in thread (18) stamped on it. At least one of the metal components of the spark plug is provided with a paint coating that serves to protect the spark plug from corrosion.

Abstract: A chromate film-containing plug metal component which is a metal component for a spark plug or a glow plug, wherein: the metal component has a surface, at least part of the surface being coated with a chromate film comprising at least 95% by weight of trivalent chrome based on 100% by weight of a total chrome content in the chromate film; and the chromate film comprises dye particles.

Abstract: A tip portion of a center electrode 2 of a spark plug includes a tapered portion which is tapered such that the diameter reduces axially frontward. A convex portion 2k is formed at an axially intermediate position of the tapered portion so as to project radially outward with respect to an axis 30. The axially measured distance L2 between the vertex of the convex portion 2k (the convex vertex P) and the tip face 1D of an insulator is set to less than 0.5 mm. A heat release acceleration metal portion 2m, which is made of Cu or an alloy that contains a predominant amount of Cu, is present at a position located a distance L3 of 1.5 mm as measured axially rearward from the convex vertex P in order to suppress spark erosion by lowering the temperature of the center electrode 2. The heat release acceleration metal portion 2m is formed such that an electrode base material 2n, which encloses the heat release acceleration metal portion 2m, has a wall thickness W of not less than 0.

Abstract: An ignitor assembly for a fossil fuel-fired power generation system includes an elongate electrode, a tube sub assembly, and a coupling sub assembly, and an insulator sub assembly. The coupling sub assembly cooperates with other structural elements of the ignitor assembly and the respective windbox in which the ignitor assembly is installed to operably couple the elongate electrode to an external electrical power source. The ignitor assembly includes a contact socket secured by crimping to a lead of the external electrical power source which is biased into an electric current communicating disposition with the electrode rod of the ignitor assembly.

Abstract: A fixing sleeve (2) for a spark plug (1) comprising coolant passages (3) which are arranged in the wall of the fixing sleeve (2) and which are oriented substantially in the longitudinal direction of the spark plug, wherein the fixing sleeve (2) comprises a metallic material whose thermal conductivity is over 60 W/m° C., preferably over 80 W/m° C.

Abstract: In a spark plug, a main gap is formed between the center electrode and the ground electrode, and an auxiliary gap is formed between the center electrode and a projecting inner edge formed at an open end portion of the metallic shell. The inner wall surface of the metallic shell extending from a terraced portion toward the tip end of the metallic shell is tapered such that the diameter of the inner wall surface decreases toward the tip end of the metallic shell by an amount of 0.6 mm or more. Through reduction of a gas volume defined by the insulator and the inner wall surface of the metallic shell, entry of high temperature combustion gas can be reduced to thereby decrease a thermal load imposed on the insulator, while entry of carbon can be minimized to thereby prevent contamination. Accordingly, heat resistance and contamination resistance can be significantly improved, and thus the range of operation of the spark plug can be widened.