Abstract: Various embodiments may include an insulator arrangement for a switchgear assembly comprising: an axially symmetrical insulating structure element; a first conductive annular structure arranged on an inner surface of the structure element; and a second conductive annular structure arranged on an outer surface of the structure element. The first annular structure and the second annular structure are insulated from one another by the insulating structure element.

Abstract: A radiant tube (4) for guiding a charged particle stream (10) has a hollow cylindrical isolation core (6) directly encompassing a beam-guiding hollow volume (8). The isolation core (6) is formed from a dielectrically acting carrier substrate (14) and an electrical conductor (16) held therein. The conductor (16) is divided into a plurality of conductor loops (20) completely encompassing the circumference of the isolation core (6) at different axial positions of the isolation core (6). The conductor loops (20) are galvanically connected to each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for extending the useful life of an ion source, comprising an arc chamber containing a plurality of cathodes to be used sequentially and a plurality of repellers to protect cathodes when not in use. The arc chamber includes an arc chamber housing defining a reaction cavity, gas injection openings, a plurality of cathodes, and at least one repeller element. A method for extending the useful life of an ion source includes providing power to a first cathode of an arc chamber in an ion source, operating the first cathode, detecting a failure or degradation in performance of the first cathode, energizing a second cathode, and continuing operation of the arc chamber with the second cathode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high voltage shielding arrangement comprising a first metal part and a second metal part positioned in close vicinity to said first metal part. Said second metal part included in said arrangement to be set at an electrical potential that is lower than the electric potential of the first metal part. Said second metal part having comprising one or more edges and an insulator. The second metal part is at least partially encapsulated by the insulator facing the first metal part.

Abstract: A display panel and a method for inspecting thereof are provided. The display panel includes a first signal circuit, a second signal circuit and a plurality of first resistor. The first signal circuit includes a plurality of first signal lines which disposes in parallel along a first direction and electrically connects to one another. The second signal circuit includes a plurality of second signal lines disposing in parallel along the first direction, and the second signal lines and the first signal lines are alternately disposed in parallel. Each of second signal lines is connected to at least a first resistor. The interval between the first signal line and the second signal line is smaller than 60 ?m and the difference between the resistances of the first signal line and the second signal line is ranged form 300 ohm to 30000 ohm.

Abstract: Compact fluorescent lamp comprising a fluorescent lamp body (3), a cathode space (9) comprising a screened space (11) around an electrode (5) arranged inside the compact fluorescent lamp (1), and a power supply device (19) so arranged as to provide an electrical connection between the electrode (5) and a contact device (21) positioned next to the contact end (13) of the compact fluorescent lamp. The screened space (11) is formed by the electrode (5) enclosing the internal wall (7) of the fluorescent lamp body (3) and by a neighboring electrode (5) and beyond it a disc-shaped cathode screen (15) in a direction away from the contact end (13) containing a central opening (17).

Abstract: Reflector lamp, particularly metal halogen vapor reflector lamp, comprising a reflector, which is rotationally symmetric about a central axis and which encloses, together with a cover, a lamp interior and which tapers toward a neck region opposite the cover, wherein a burner comprising a burner space and also pinched seals, which lie diametrically opposite each other on opposing sides of the burner space and through which corresponding supply lines are run, is arranged on the central axis in the lamp interior, wherein a tubular shielding enclosure, which is connected to the burner by means of a spring clip, is provided at least partially surrounding the burner.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus composed of a vacuum container having an electron source composed of multiple electron-emitting devices and a phosphor film that is irradiated with an electron from the electron source to emit light for display, an ion pump for exhausting the vacuum container through a communicating path by virtue of an action of a magnetism forming portion is arranged. A magnetic shielding member is arranged in a space where the ion pump and the electron-emitting devices are in communication with each other, whereby an influence of a magnetic field generated by the magnetism forming portion on the trajectory of an electron emitted from any one of the electron-emitting devices and display luminance unevenness incidental to the influence are removed.

Abstract: A flat panel display device has a conductive layer formed between a substrate and a polarization plate to prevent static electricity from appearing between the substrate and the polarization plate, thereby improving screen display quality. The flat panel display device includes: a flat display panel including a substrate having an image display unit, a display element arranged on the image display unit of the substrate, and a sealing unit for sealing the display element; a polarization member arranged on at least one of the substrate and the sealing unit; and a shielding member arranged at a portion that does not correspond to the image display unit of the substrate in order to prevent the appearance of static electricity between the substrate and the polarization member.

Abstract: A spacer for an electron emission display and an electron emission display containing the spacer. The spacer includes an insulating member having a predetermined shape, and at least one inner electrode laterally inserted into the insulating member. A portion of the inner electrode is exposed to an outer side of the insulating member. The electron emission display includes: an electron emission substrate having an electron emission region containing an electron emission device thereon; an image-forming substrate having an image forming region adapted to light from electrons emitted by the electron emission device; and at least one spacer for spacing apart the electron emission substrate from the image-forming substrate. At least one inner electrode is inserted into the spacer, and at least a portion of the inner spacer is exposed to the exterior of the spacer.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp having a translucent envelope enclosing a light emitting assembly that includes a baffle and an anode separated by one or more spacers made of an electrically insulating material such as ceramic, which are oriented towards a heated cathode to receive electrons emitted therefrom. Each spacer has a front surface, a rear surface, a top surface and a bottom surface including a transverse cavity formed between the front and rear surfaces to permit electrons to flow through. The cavity extends from a first through-hole in the front surface to a second through-hole in the rear surface of the spacer. Further, the cavity includes a gap for allowing conductive materials that may sputter or evaporate from the anode or the baffle to escape from the cavity to prevent short circuiting between the anode and the baffle.

Abstract: An inner shield assembly capable of maximizing an external magnetism shield effect. The inner shield assembly is provided at the rear side of a frame assembly for shielding external magnetism and includes a main body for shielding the inside of a funnel, a rectangular beam shield combined to the front of the main body and a front portion extending from the edge of the front of the beam shield around the outside of the shadow mask and the frame assembly. The material of the front portion has a maximum permeability of at least 3,000 and a coercivity of at most 1.25 Oe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a color cathode ray tube and more specifically to a color cathode ray tube in which electron beam landing errors caused by terrestrial magnetism are corrected such that color purity is improved.

Abstract: A metal vapor discharge lamp including an outer tube having a closed portion at a first end and a base at a second end; a discharge tube inside of which an electrode is provided, located in the outer tube; and a sleeve enveloping the discharge tube and located in the outer tube, wherein the sleeve includes an open portion on the closed portion side of the outer tube; the closed portion side of the outer tube is provided with a support for supporting an end of the closed portion side of the sleeve; the support comprises a column portion having a narrow plate shape or a narrow stick shape separated from the open portion of the closed portion side of the sleeve, and a sleeve holding portion provided at an end of the column portion and is in contact with the sleeve; and the support is connected to a feeding body connected to the electrode and led from the discharge tube toward the side of the closed portion, and the support also is connected to an electric power supply wire extending toward the side of the base.

Abstract: A magnetic shield structure for a color cathode ray tube is provided which can improve color chrominance, rotation redundancy and magnetic field redundancy of the color cathode ray tube, by preventing an electron beam from being moved due to an earth magnetic field, so that the electron beam can be landed on a designated fluorescent material. Accordingly, in a color cathode ray tube including a tension mask assembly comprising a tension mask for color-discriminating an electron beam, and a main frame and a sub frame for supporting the tension mask, and a magnetic shield structure disposed at a funnel, for preventing deflection and distortion of the electron beam, the magnetic shield structure includes a main unit for shielding the inner sides of the funnel, and a front unit where the tension mask assembly is inserted.

Abstract: A series of long slats, preferably parallel and spaced apart uniformly, extend from a base plate to form a series of cavities between the slats for trapping high energy ions in the exit plume of an ion accelerator. The plume shield is designed to minimize escape of ions and sputtered atoms from the shield. The effectiveness of the shield in trapping and retarding ions and sputtered atoms can be accomplished by biasing the potential of the shield with respect to an adjacent structure and by inducing a magnetic field parallel to a target area of the shield, which can limit electron current to the target area.

Abstract: Structures and methods are provided for shielding field emitter devices from radiation. In one exemplary embodiment, a shielding layer inhibits radiation from degrading field emitter devices while exerting a predetermined force upon the field emitter devices so as to restrain from damaging the structure of the devices or affect the devices' electronic or electrical performance. In another exemplary embodiment, the field emitter under the protection of the shielding layer is capable of sustaining structural equilibrium. In yet another embodiment, the field emitter is capable of sustaining structural elasticity.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp includes an arc tube and a surrounding tubular quartz sleeve between a wire frame. The wire frame is formed from a pair of substantially parallel wire frame members and a top section where the two frame members meet. The two frame members are mounted to a glass stem containing current supply leads. The sleeve is provided with two pairs of diametrically opposed apertures, each pair of apertures receiving an elongate wire U-clip which engages a pinched end of the arc tube inside the sleeve and the frame members outside the sleeve. A disk having a slot is inserted over a top section of the wire frame through the slot.

Abstract: An HID lamp utilizes a wire frame member having an integral coil with spaces between windings to relieve thermal stress and provide shock absorption in a ceramic metal halide discharge lamp mounted concentrically in an elliptical-dimple (ED-type) glass envelope. The wire frame member has a first end welded to a current carrying support member embedded in the stem and a second end welded to an upper axial lead of the arc tube, the coil being situated about the dimple. The lower axial lead fixed relative to a second current carrying support member embedded in the stem, so that the coil compresses when the arc tube expands relative to the wire frame member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electron gun assembly including at least one field emission type cold cathode acting as an electron beam source, a support for supporting the cold cathode thereon, a control electrode spaced away from the cold cathode, the control electrode cooperating with the support to enclose the cold cathode therein, a thermal shield member provided both around the control electrode and below the support to prevent heat conduction to the cold cathode. The thermal shield member does not allow heat conduction to the cold cathode when the electron gun assembly is to be enclosed in a glass valve by softening a neck portion of the glass valve with an oxygen burner and then attaching the softened neck portion to the electron gun assembly, resulting in that an emitter of the cold cathode is not increased in temperature and that a summit of an emitter is not oxidized.

Abstract: A gas discharge tube includes a first spacer, a second spacer, an anode support member, and an anode. The first spacer is arranged to contact the rear surface of the focusing electrode support member and the front surface of the anode, and the second spacer is arranged to contact the front surface of the anode support member and the rear surface of the anode. This arrangement clamps the anode between the first and second spacers to hold the anode securely between the rear surface of the focusing support member and the front surface of the anode support member, keeping the distance between the focusing electrode and the anode constant. This structure improves the service life and the operational stability of the gas discharge tube during continuous light emission over an extended period of time.

Abstract: A lamp assembly having an improved mounting arrangement for a light source and shroud configuration provides for such improved mounting arrangement in a manner such that manufacturing of the lamp assembly is simplified and the light source is protected against vibration and shock forces during manufacture and operation. The light source includes an arc tube which is under pressure and which is disposed within a shroud member that is then mounted within an outer lamp envelope. Top and bottom support members made of an insulative material are disposed on opposite ends of the shroud member. One of the lead wires used to couple energy to the light source, extends through the shroud member and has an insulative sleeve disposed in surrounding relation to a portion thereof. As the one lead wire extends through a hole formed in the bottom support member, a resilient clip member is slid over the bottom portion of such lead wire.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a gas discharge tube having a long service life and capable of an operational stability during long-time continuous light emission. The gas discharge tube includes an envelop for accommodating a hot cathode for emitting thermoelectrons, an anode plate for receiving the thermoelectrons, a focusing electrode having a focusing opening for converging a path of the thermoelectrons, and a discharge shielding member of an insulator having a through hole coaxially arranged with an inner diameter larger than the focusing opening, and a support member having projections efficiently gripping the anode plate with the discharge shielding member so as to increase the heat radiation efficiency of the anode plate.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube has a faceplate panel joined to a funnel. An internal magnetic shield is disposed within the tube and is connected to a bottom surface of a flange of a shadow mask frame. The flange of the shadow mask frame has a plurality of integral shield-retaining clips formed therein. Each of the clips overlaps at least a portion of the shield, to retain it in contact with the flange of the frame.

Abstract: A cathode structure for supporting a cathode sleeve of a cathode ray tube includes a plurality of metal ribbons for supporting the cathode sleeve, where one end of a ribbon is fixed to an upper end of the cathode sleeve and the other end of the same ribbon is fixed to an upper end of a cathode holder, that allows thermal expansion of the cathode sleeve to occur towards the cathode holder, and maintain a constant distance between a cathode cup on the cathode sleeve and a first electrode of an electron gun.

Abstract: A single-ended electric lamp having an alkali-halide containing light source which produces ultraviolet radiation and is supported within an outer envelope by metallic support structure having an elongate support rod extending past the arc tube. A tubular cover extends over a length L1 of the support rod and the remainder of the support structure remains uncovered. A screen is interposed between the light source and an uncovered portion of the metal support structure to prevent ultra-violet radiation emitted from said light source from directly impinging on said uncovered portion. Preferably, a plurality of screens are arranged within the outer envelope to block the line of sight from the light source to any uncovered portion of the metal support structure and to reduce the quantity of reflected ultraviolet radiation reflected off the inner surface of the arc tube which impinges on uncovered portions of the metal support structure.

Abstract: A metallic frame for use in a fluorescent display panel having a CIG (chip in glass) structure and containing a driver IC chip in a vacuum chamber. The metallic frame includes a box-type metallic shield covering the IC chip, metallic external leads, and a deformable part coupled between the box-type metallic shield and the metallic external leads. The deformable part deforms more easily than the metallic shield and the leads upon receiving a tensile force. The deformable part is preferably formed at a bent section of the metallic shield or near a shield side end of the metallic external leads. The deformable part preferably consists of two bent or curved elements which are positioned to form a circle, ellipse, or polygon.

Abstract: A discontinuous annular metallic holder for a glow starter in a high pressure discharge lamp. The holder has a hexagonal shape and encircles the bulb of the glow starter. One side is welded to one of the current-supply conductors extending from the lamp stem and two of the sides are parallel to the plane of the getters. The lower parallel side closest to the getter plane has an opening extending the length of the side to define an electrical discontinuity and to prevent a continuous circuit path within the lower side. The gap reduces the current induced in the lower side and resultant heating when the holder is subjected to an electromagnetic field during flashing of the getters. The reduced temperature of the lower side prevents damage to the glow starter.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a discharge tube for emitting light upon an application of an external high frequency wave electromagnetic field, an electrode, arranged outside the discharge tube, for applying the high frequency wave electromagnetic field to the discharge tube, a high frequency wave applying unit for supplying high frequency wave power to the electrode, and a projected portion extending from the discharge tube. The projected portion extends to a position where the high frequency wave electromagnetic field generated by the electrode has a level lower than a discharge initiation level. The high frequency wave power is controlled by changing a voltage, a frequency, a duty ratio or the like.

Abstract: A gas discharge apparatus includes a discharge chamber including a transparent dome portion and an electrode-including base portion, which together enclose an ionizable gas. A cup-shaped base member is affixed at its periphery to the edge of the base portion of the discharge chamber. A power supply and discharge excitation network is disposed within the interior of the base portion. The power supply and discharge network include a pair of terminals. An oscillator and associated step-up output transformer powered from the terminals is positioned between the terminals and the discharge chamber. A field shield including a conductive sheet member is positioned between the terminals and the discharge chamber. The field shield is adapted to be electrically coupled to the electrode so that discharge-supporting electric fields may be established in the discharge chamber between the electrode and through the dome portion of that chamber to an effective ground electrode exterior to the chamber.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp including discharge tube having at least two electrodes at opposite ends thereof, an outer bulb housing the discharge tube, a circuit for starting the discharge tube and a glow starter which is covered with a heat shield member and disposed between the discharge tube and the outer bulb.

Abstract: Ion chamber 20 receives electrons from cathode 28 and produces ions by electron bombardment in discharge plasma chamber 20. Ions are extracted through ion optics including screen 22 and accelerator electrode 24. Higher ion densities in the center of the discharge chamber are reduced by spoiler 42 which is operated at a potential between cathode and anode potential. This reduces double ionization and central peaking to provide a more uniform ion beam through the optics. By employing laterally positioned spoiler elements beam steering can be accomplished. The ion source is useful wherever a uniform beam profile is desirable as in ion implantation. Controlling the direction of beam density is useful in ion machining and in ion thrusters for space application.

Abstract: An image intensifier apparatus which comprises an image intensifier for converting incoming radiation into light rays on an input fluorescent screen, further converting said light rays into electron beams on a photocathode, focusing said light rays by an electron lens system and converting said focused light rays into the visible form by an output screen; and a housing which receives the image intensifier and whose inner side wall is fitted with a radiation leakage-preventing layer and first magnetism shielding layer, and wherein second magnetism-shielding layer having a high radiation permeability is formed on any of those portions of the image intensifier apparatus into which radiation is carried.

Abstract: In a magnetron device, a shield box is disposed covering a cathode stem and energizing power is supplied from the outside of the shield box to cathode lead terminals in the shield box.An energizing power supplying means comprises a transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil which are both wound around a magnetic core and connect inductively the inner section of the shield box with the outer section. Thus high frequency noise which is a part of high frequency energy oscillated in anode resonant cavities and transmitted into the shield box through the cathode lead terminals is perfectly confined in the box. Therefore high frequency noise leaking out from the magnetron device toward a commercial power source is significantly reduced.

Abstract: A filament shield for pressed glass reflector lamps is disclosed which comprises an iron base having an aluminum coating thereon heated to produce an FeAl.sub.3 outer layer having a dark, matte finish.

Abstract: The magnetron apparatus comprises a magnetron tube and a driving circuit including a transformer having a primary winding, a low voltage secondary winding for energizing the cathode filament of the magnetron tube and a high voltage secondary winding for applying an anode voltage upon the anode electrode of the tube. The high and low secondary windings and the terminals of the cathode filament are contained in a shield casing for preventing leakage of the wave.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a control electrode for high-voltage apparatus which alters the electric field in the vicinity of the voltage-carrying parts. The control electrode includes a formed body of a conductive plastic foam material. The control electrode is suitable, for example, for multipole medium-voltage switching apparatus wherein the pole spacing can be reduced with the air of control electrodes of the invention.

Abstract: A hollow-cathode type spectral light source is provided with additional means to prevent high voltage breakdown between the anode and the outside of the cathode. The means is a resilient annular high-voltage shield member which is disposed between the conventional insulating disc and the envelope.

Abstract: An X-ray image intensifier which includes a metal-ceramic bulb or tube, whose metal components are vacuum-tightly soldered to each other under the interposition of the electrically insulating ceramic. Through the weak conductivity of the surface of the ceramic portion there is achieved a potential distribution which, in the neighborhood of the solder, still so extensively conforms to the solder where no potential dropoff will be present and thereby also no reason for the producing of a peak discharge. The potential varies significantly only over longer distances.

Abstract: Intensifier tubes for x-rays or low-light levels form an image of photoelectrons which is focused on a fluorescent viewing screen. Stray magnetic fields, including the earth's field, bend the electron trajectories and distort the image. Magnetic shielding has been used around the tube, leaving the image-receiving end open. Magnetic field leaking through the open end is reduced by extending the end of the shield around the image-receiving aperture inward and forward of the edge of the tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to a headlight as well as an incandescent lamp which is suitable for being arranged in a reflector by means of which an anti-dazzle beam is produced. For that purpose the headlight and the incandescent lamp comprise a filament and a cap of which two edges extend along the filament. The distance from at least one of the edges to the longitudinal axis of the filament at the area of the end of the filament which is remote from the rear end of the reflector is larger than in any other place along the axis of the filament.

Abstract: A filament shield comprising a body with a recess therein. The recess has a base, which may be planar and from which the filament to be shielded is spaced, and is bounded on two opposed edges by a pair of surfaces. Each of these surfaces has a linear inner edge inclined with respect to an axis along which the filament lies and spaced therefrom, and an outer edge inclined to the axis at a greater angle than the respective inner edge.A lamp unit comprising a parabolic reflector and a filament shield as defined above, the filament shield being disposed so that the axis of the filament lies on the focal axis of the reflector.