Abstract: A light source capsule (16) having a capsule envelope (18) with a wall (20) defining an enclosed volume (22), and having a sealed portion (24). A light source (26) is positioned in the enclosed volume (22) and has deformable electrical leads-ins (28, 30) extending through the sealed portion (24) of the capsule envelope (18). Stiff lead-in engagers (32) are aligned with the sealed portion (24) of the capsule envelope (18) and are electrically coupled to the electrical leads (28, 30), the lead-in engagers being electrically conductive. The lead-in engagers are fitted through apertures in the base (14) of a lamp envelope (12) to complete a lamp (10).

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp (1) with a discharge vessel, which has an outer tube (2), which surrounds a discharge space (4) filled with a discharge medium, an outer electrode (6), which is arranged on the outer side of the outer tube (2), an elongate inner electrode (7), which is arranged axially within the outer tube (2), at least one retaining disk (8) with an axial bore, through which the elongate inner electrode (7) runs, the retaining disk (8) extending substantially from the inner electrode (7) up to the inner side of the outer tube (2), as a result of which the inner electrode (7) is centered at least indirectly within the discharge vessel. The retaining disk (8) is supported on both sides loosely in the direction of the longitudinal axis by means of a supporting means (9a-9c) on the left-hand side and a supporting means (10a-10c) on the right-hand side.

Abstract: In various embodiments, an electrode for a discharge lamp is provided. The electrode may include a metal pin that has a section around which a coil made of metal wire is wound, wherein the metal wire is flattened.

Abstract: A light source capsule (16) having a capsule envelope (18) with a wall (20) defining an enclosed volume (22), and having a sealed portion (24). A light source (26) is positioned in the enclosed volume (22) and has deformable electrical leads-ins (28, 30) extending through the sealed portion (24) of the capsule envelope (18). Stiff lead-in engagers (32) are aligned with the sealed portion (24) of the capsule envelope (18) and are electrically coupled to the electrical leads (28, 30), the lead-in engagers being electrically conductive. The lead-in engagers are fitted through apertures in the base (14) of a lamp envelope (12) to complete a lamp (10).

Abstract: A discharge lamp has an axis with an arc tube having a hollow body containing an axially aligned arc generating and sustaining medium. The lamp electrodes and hollow body are arrayed along the axis. A sealed shroud surrounds the arc tube. The shroud and arc tube form an arc tube assembly. An envelope surrounds the arc tube assembly, and includes a base portion with a cylindrical part. Electrical lead-ins extend through the base portion and mechanically and electrically connect to the electrodes. A strengthening member for preventing the arc tube assembly from axial displacement as a result of forces applied substantially normal to the axis is provided. The strengthening member comprises an elongated element having first and second ends. The first end is formed to substantially engage the arc tube assembly, near an upper end, and the second end is formed to substantially engage the base portion.

Abstract: A foil connector (28, 30) suited for use in a lamp (10) is provided. The foil connector includes a substrate layer (40) formed from an electrically conductive material. A coating (42) is provided for reducing oxidation of the substrate during lamp operation. The coating includes a first coating layer (44) on the substrate comprising a noble metal, a second coating layer (46) spaced from the substrate by the first coating layer, the second coating layer comprising a noble metal, and optionally, a third coating layer (48) spaced from the substrate by the first and second coating layers, the third coating layer comprising a noble metal.

Abstract: A luminous container has an electrode supporting member composed of a pipe-shaped metal piece. The electrode supporting member 8 has a clamped portion pressed and clamped with and non-clamped portions not clamped with a brittle material. The stress generated along a contact interface of the clamped portion and the brittle material is relaxed with the deformation of the electrode supporting member.

Abstract: A backlight 23 of the present invention has a panel case 24 and plural phosphor-coated anode sections 25 each arranged flatly in the panel case and plural linear cathode sections 26. Each of the plural linear cathode sections 26 has a conductive wire 33 having a great number of field concentration assisting concave/convex sections 34 formed on its outer peripheral surface and a carbon-based film 35 having, as a field electron emitter, a great number of sharp microscopic sections on the field concentration assisting concave/convex sections 34, wherein the field electron emitter emits electrons toward each of the plural phosphor-coated anode sections 25 so as to be radially widespread, when DC voltage is applied between the phosphor-coated anode sections 25 and the linear cathode sections 26.

Abstract: A connecting member is adapted to be coupled with a connection object including a pipe portion having a sealed end and a terminal portion protruding outward from the sealed end. The connecting member includes a tubular portion adapted to be fitted over an outer peripheral surface of the pipe portion, a bottom portion connected to one end of the tubular portion in an axial direction and adapted to be faced to the sealed end when the tubular portion is fitted over the outer peripheral surface of the pipe portion, and a connecting portion connected to the bottom portion and adapted to be connected to the terminal portion. The tubular portion includes a plurality of elastic sections separated by a plurality of slits extending from the other end towards the one end in the axial direction and adapted to be brought into elastic contact with the pipe portion.

Abstract: A mounting structure for an arc tube within an outer envelope of an HID lamp, including an elongated frame supported at one end by a stem assembly and a stem clamp having one or more frame retaining tabs crimped around a portion of the frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a halogen incandescent lamp for operating on line voltage, at least comprising a hermetically sealed, cylindrical bulb (2) made from transparent material, a filling made from inert gas and a halogen additive, a luminous element (4), a current supply system, and a mount (5), which is formed from a single-piece support wire, one end region of which is bent away transversely to the lamp axis, and which retains the luminous element (4) in the vicinity of the end of the bulb (2) remote from the pinch, wherein a luminous element (4) bent virtually into a U-shape is arranged symmetrically relative to the lamp axis, the luminous element (4) is held twice by the mount (5) in the region of the portion of the luminous element (4) which is arranged transverse to the lamp axis, and one end of the mount (5) is fixed in a pinch (3).

Abstract: A fluted feed-through for a discharge lamp includes a fluted ceramic core with plural channels and plural individual molybdenum or tungsten wires running in different ones of the plural channels. The wires are twisted together at the ends of the feed-through. The feed-through is insertable into a capillary tube of a ceramic discharge lamp. The wires of the feed-through have a different thermal coefficient of expansion than the ceramic discharge lamp. The wires are thin enough so that the absolute magnitude of the thermal coefficients of expansion is sufficiently small to prevent seal cracks and leaking.

Abstract: A short arc lamp is optimized for improved thermal performance characteristics. The short arc lamp includes a ceramic body having a concave reflective surface formed in an upper end thereof, a base adapted to receive the base end of the ceramic body in abutting relation, and a window frame assembly positioned in abutting concentric relation with the upper end of the ceramic body. In particular, the ceramic body is formed from beryllia (beryllium oxide) which has superior thermal transfer characteristics. The lamp is further provided with a specialized coating which help keep infra-red (IR) light energy from escaping from the lamp. In one instance, the coating is an IR reflective coating placed on the window of the lamp to reflect IR light energy back into the lamp where it can be conducted outwardly through the beryllium oxide body and base.

Abstract: As a substrate having a fine line and capable of suppressing crack generation in the substrate and peeling of the fine line, the invention discloses a configuration in which plural recesses are arranged on the fine line, and particularly a configuration in which the interval of the plural recesses does not exceed 200 &mgr;m. There is also disclosed a configuration in which the plural recesses are arranged along a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the fine line.

Abstract: An arc lamp comprises a single edge-to-edge cathode support strut on which the cathode is mounted with an end slot. Such makes heat and thermal stress loading on the assembly symmetrical over operational time, and arc tip wander from the anode center is practically eliminated. Nine component parts that are brought together in only three brazes and one TIG-weld to result in a finished product. An anode assembly is brazed with the rest of a body sub-assembly in one step instead of two. A single-bar cathode-support strut is brazed together as one step. A window flange and a sapphire output window are brazed together with the product of the strut braze step in a mounted-cathode-braze step. A copper-tube fill tubulation, a kovar sleeve, a ceramic reflector body, an anode flange, and a tungsten anode are all brazed together in a “body-braze” step. The products of the mounted-cathode-braze step and body-braze step are tungsten-inert-gas (TIG) welded together in a final welding step.

Abstract: A short arc lamp in which welding of a cathode to a conductive support component yields an advantageous connection of the cathode to the conductive support component in which the thermal influences are reduced, and in which the cathode tip does not move. The short arc lamp has a body within which a concave discharge space is formed, an anode and a cathode are located in the concave discharge space, a conductive support component for supporting the cathode is connected to a feeding ring which is located in the vicinity of an open end of the reflection surface, a first metal component which is formed on one end of the body, and a second metal component which is formed on the other end of the body. In a preferred embodiment, only a single conductive support component is welded to the cathode.

Abstract: An incandescent lamp has an envelope having a bulbous portion including a wall defining a space, a thin tube extending outwardly along a central axis of the bulbous portion so as to communicate with the space, and a sealed portion located on an opposite end of the bulbous portion from the thin tube. The wall has a slope inclined toward the thin tube. A filament is provided along the central axis of the bulbous portion. An optical interference layer is arranged on a surface of the wall for reflecting infrared rays toward the filament. A first lead wire has a first end portion fixed in the sealed portion of the envelope, a second end portion coupled to one end of the filament and an intermediate U-shaped portion inserted into the thin tube for regulating a position of the filament. A second lead wire has a first end portion fixed in the sealed portion of the envelope and a second end portion coupled to another end of the filament.

Abstract: The electric incandescent lamp has a filament (2) centrically supported in a tubular envelope (1) by constrictions (6) in the envelope at areas where a refractory metal member (7) short-circuits turns (3') of the filament. The refractory metal member (7) is a sleeve around the filament (2).

Abstract: A high power strobe lamp has a multi-pin base, an elongated gas-filled tube having a loop formed therein, an anode in one end of the tube and a cathode in the other end of the tube, and the ends of the gas-filled tube being mounted in the base and connected to the pins. A heat dissipating member extends through the loop and a conductive wire, having opposite ends connected to the pins, is spirally wrapped around the tube ends adjacent to the base and extends through the heat dissipating member.

Abstract: To provide a sealed through arrangement for electrical leads through a ceramic end plug, suitable for discharge lamps of between about 50 to 250 W power rating, the lead-through (9) is made of a material having a thermal coefficient of expansion which is substantially less than that of a ceramic sealing plug (10), for example of tungsten, molybdenum or rhenium, but so small that the individual, actual expansion of the ceramic material will not cause separation from the metal, and/or a glass melt, ceramic melt or sintar connection therewith. The electrical connection is formed by at least two, and preferably more than two, thin wires or pins (23) having a diameter, each, of up to only about 0.25 mm, and preferably less. Each of the wires, then, will carry currents in the tenths ampere ranges, sufficient for operation of the lamp, and passed through melt-sealed capillary openings in the ceramic sealing plug (10).

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp includes a pair of arc tubes connected electrically in parallel within an outer envelope, which includes a lamp stem having a pair of stem conductors entering the lamp envelope in a common plane. The arc tubes include conductive feed-throughs at each end thereof. A lamp frame supports the arc tubes in a plane parallel with the stem conductors and is welded directly to each of the feed-throughs with all welds in a common plane with the welds between the frame and the stem conductors. The frame includes a resiliently deformable transverse member which allows for independent changes in length of the arc tubes during lamp operation due to thermal expansion/contraction. The frame is free of slip fit connections with the feed-throughs and free of additional conductive straps connected to the feed-throughs.

Abstract: The present invention involves a short arc discharge lamp having a quartz envelope with a bulb and a plurality of arms having a specified cross-section, and wherein one or more electrode rods are supported within the lamp arms for specific alignment. Support elements for the electrode rods are made of high temperature metal and have a flat central portion with a central orifice of sufficient dimension to permit one of the electrode rods to pass into the central orifice, and have at least two legs, and preferably four legs, radially extending from the flat central portion. The legs have outer portions terminating with pods formed at substantially right angles to the flat central portion of the support element, the legs being of sufficient length to fit the support element within a specified cross-section of the envelope arms so as to contact an inside surface of the envelope arms with the pods. There is also provided means for securing the support elements within the envelope arms.

Abstract: An electric lamp having a filament with open coiled ends and filament inserts have an end insertable into the open filament ends without threading cooperation and lockingly engage the filament turns. The ends of the filament inserts provide a resilient ratchetted coupling with the successive turns of the coiled filament ends. The filament inserts replace integral coil legs for coil mounting in the lamp.

Abstract: A low-wattage metal-halide discharge lamp has a quartz tube of the double-ended type that forms a bulb or envelope, a pair of electrodes, e.g., an anode and a cathode, which penetrate into an arc chamber inside the envelope, and a suitable amount of mercury plus one or more metal halide salts. The electrodes are each formed of a refractory metal, i.e., tungsten wire, extending through the respective necks into the arc chamber. Heat dissipation through the neck is controlled by constructing the quartz shanks to that they have shank segments of a desired surface area that extend from the necks a distance equal to the length of the arc chamber. A shank segment loading factor defined as the rated power divided by the shank segment surface areas, and should be in a target range of 12 to 36 w cm.sup.-2. Lamps of this design achieve high efficacy at relatively low power, i.e., below 30 watts.

Abstract: A 1000 watt arc discharge arc tube assembly comprises two series connected side-by-side arc discharge tubes whose combined break down voltage in sufficient for a standard 2-5 kv starting pulse to simultaneously start both arc tubes without additional structure. A standard ballast, starter and fixture can be used with the arc tube assembly whose overall length is less than 300 millimeters. The lamps are spaced sufficiently apart to preclude detrimental heat transfer effects on one another and sufficiently close to act as a single source of light in standard fixtures normally employing lamps having a single discharge tube.

Abstract: A xenon metal halide lamp having an improved electrode structure that is particularly suited for automotive applications is disclosed. The electrode is comprises of a tip portion that is located at one end of a shank with the shank having a filament coiled therearound. The tip and shank portions are designed to allow for high initial current during starting and low current during operation. The coil filament is situated in opposite neck portions of an envelope forming the light source so as to; (1) cause the electrodes to be axially aligned within the light source; (2) keep the shank of the electrode from intimate contact with the envelope thereby preventing the condensation of the mercury and allowing for substantial vaporization of the metal halide ingredients at the neck portion; and (3) prevent the thermal expansion of the electrode from cracking the envelope.

Abstract: A dual arc tube high pressure discharge lamp with a support frame connected to an electrical connector comprising a U-shaped piece of wire the axes of the legs of which are offset from the base so that the plane passing through the axes of the legs does not pass through the middle of the base of the wire.

Abstract: A dual arc tube high pressure discharge lamp with a locating element for one end of each discharge tube in which the locating element comprises an H-shaped piece of stamped metal with a leg of the H inserted in the tubular electrode assemblies of each of the dual arc tubes.

Abstract: By using micro-connection techniques, for example by means of ceramic glass and conducting glass, an electron-optical system can be manufactured with which the emitted beam can be deflected through 90.degree. within a very short distance (of the order of several mm).

Abstract: To positively position the components of a filament mount, including filats (6, 7) and a cover cap (11) shrouding a filament, for use in a dual-filament automotive-type lamp, one of the current supply leads (10') is extended towards the exhaust tip (4) of the lamp. A guide element (13), which terminates in an at least essentially part-cylindrical region, is melted-in into the exhaust tip (4), and receives the end portion (12) of the current supply lead. If the element is springy, for example a spiral spring permitting compression, the spring (13) and the current lead wire (10') can be welded together, particularly for lamps which have low thermal loading. In lamps which have high thermal loading, the end (12) of the current lead (10') is preferably received loosely within the spiral spring to minimize heat transfer; additionally, a heat insulating jacket (14), for example in form of a small ceramic tube or a glass coating, can be interposed between the spiral spring (13) and the current supply lead.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp has a ruggedized mount structure employing tri-partite lead-in wires sealed in a soft glass stem and a hard glass capsule. Heavier intermediate sections provide support while the proximal and distal portions are different materials selected to form hermetic seals with the hard glass and soft glass.

Abstract: A cup-shaped lead-through member is sealed in the wall of a ceramic discharge vessel, and has an electrode beam passing through the end wall of the cup-shaped member and sealed thereto. Immediately adjacent the electrode beam, the cup end wall is deformed away from the discharge space and clamps around the electrode beam over a length of at most the diameter of the beam. A mass of sealing material surrounds the beam end and seals it to the lead-through member, the tight fit of the member end wall to the beam preventing flow of sealing material to the interior of the discharge space.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp including a tubular quartz envelope wherein both of the lead-in conductors designed for providing electrical energy to the lamp's coiled filament are strategically positioned within a single, press-sealed end portion of the lamp's envelope. Electrical connections to the lamp may thus be provided at only one end thereof to thereby facilitate positioning and connection of the lamp within a photocopier or similar machine. The lamp is suited for high wattage applications (i.e., about two-hundred watts per linear inch of filament or greater) by the utilization of an expansion coil section which is provided in one of the lamp's two lead-in conductors to prevent bowing of the lead-in conductor and its quartz sleeve. This coil section enables the conductor to expand during the high temperatures encountered when the lamp is operated at such high wattages.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp including a tubular quartz envelope wherein both of the lead-in conductors designed for providing electrical energy to the lamp's coiled filament are strategically positioned within a single, press-sealed end portion of the lamp's envelope. Electrical connections to the lamp may thus be provided at only one end thereof to thereby facilitate positioning and connection of the lamp within a photocopier or similar machine. The lamp is suited for high wattage applications (i.e., about two-hundred watts per linear inch of filament or greater) by positioning the inner portion of one of the lead-in conductors externally of the coiled filament supports and thus at spacing sufficient to prevent excessive heating of the inner portion and surrounding, tubular insulative member.

Abstract: An electric lamp (e.g., tungsten-halogen) wherein a glass bridge (31) is used and has the support wires (23) of the lamp's filament structure (13) passing therethrough. The support wires are indented (e.g., with V-shaped notches) on opposing sides thereof just below the bridge to permit movement of the portions of the support wires between the bridge and press-sealed end (17) of the lamp's envelope (11) during press-sealing, thereby substantially relieving stresses on the bridge (31) and possible breakage thereof as may occur if such wires were retained in a fixed, non-movable arrangement.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp including a tubular quartz envelope wherein both of the lead-in conductors designed for providing electrical energy to the lamp's coiled filament are strategically positioned within a single, press-sealed end portion of the lamp's envelope. Electrical connections to the lamp may thus be provided and only one end thereof to thereby facilitate positioning and connection of the lamp within a photocopier or similar machine.

Abstract: The invention provides a linear beam tube which may be protected against high voltage arcs between the cathode and anode of its electron gun by connecting to ground a limiting impedance in a series path from said anode. The anode is carried upon the end of a ceramic cylinder which is co-axially within a conical metallic member. The end of the ceramic cylinder remote from the anode is attached to one end of said conical metallic member, the other end of which is flanged, with the flange passing through the tube envelope to provide an external termination which may be connected to ground. Resistive material is deposited in a groove in the inner surface of said ceramic cylinder to form a deposited impedance which extends from the anode over the end of the ceramic cylinder, to the end of the conical metallic member and constitutes said limiting impedance.

Abstract: A single-ended tungsten halogen incandescent lamp having an improved mounting assembly for a planar multi-filament is disclosed. The improved mounting assembly comprises, in part, means rigidly located in the pinch seal end of the lamp for coupling the outer lead-in wires to support rod members of the mounting assembly. The means for coupling comprises a first foil member and a first tab member, and a second foil member and a second tab member. The foil members and tab members are arranged with the outer lead-in wires and support rods to form a torsion bar-like configuration which holds the planar multi-filament in the central region within the lamp itself. The torsion bar-like configuration also finds application to lamps other than this tungsten halogen incandescent lamp.

Abstract: In a cathode for a heavy-duty electron tube, the cathode wires (5) lying on the surface (11) of a cylinder between two rigidly constructed connector rings (7, 8) have the form of a surface line with changing pitch. The cathode wires are connected by a support ring (6). The thermal expansion of the cathode wires during operation results only in a shifting on the surface (11). In this manner the cylindrical shape of the cathode and thus the distance to the control grid are maintained without the expensive spring suspension device used in the cage cathode.

Abstract: An electrically-activated, miniature photoflash unit which includes a plurality (e.g., ten) of subminiature high voltage flash lamps arranged in a planar array. A singular mounting tab protrudes from the unit's housing and serves to connect the entire array when the tab is electrically connected to a power source (e.g., piezoelectric crystal) typically associated with many of today's cameras. Each of the lamps is inverted with respect to the tab and also serve to provide a low resistance circuit path therethrough subsequent to activation thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electric lamp with a ceramic discharge tube and a current inlead consisting of two or more elementary filaments passing through a ceramic closing member and soldered thereto. In the tube there is an auxiliary electrode. The elementary filaments are preferably niobium. At least two of the elementary filaments are short circuited at both sides of the closing member and an auxiliary electrode is interlaced with the elementary filaments outside the discharge space.

Abstract: A cathode eyelet has its cathode receiving end formed in an elliptical cross-section. Pressure on the long axis opens the short axis to a dimension large enough to admit the cathode. Removal of the pressure allows the sides of the ellipse defined by the short axis to collapse and frictionally retain the cathode in position until it is welded to the eyelet.

Abstract: A rapid start fluorescent lamp contains a circuit opening device on the cathode mount which opens a short time after lamp starting and stops heater current flow to the cathode. The circuit opening device is a thermostatic element in a sealed glass tube. Additional support is provided for the cathode end that is connected to the circuit opening device in order to prevent damage from vibration.

Abstract: The invention concerns an electron gun for the production of an electron beam designed primarily for welding workpieces and including, in a frame, the mechanical facilities required for holding in a coaxial position and electrically insulating a cathode, a filament, a wehnelt and an anode.Gun featured by the fact that the cathode is held by mechanical systems in the coaxial position via several rods made of conductive material, one end of these rods being rigidly fixed with respect to the frame, the other end being applied against the outer wall of the disc shaped cathode, thus forming a positioning clamp for said cathode.The structure allows for the efficient cooling of the internal parts of the gun.

Abstract: A high-pressure sodium discharge lamp has a coil electrode wound on a stem which extends axially into a metal tube whose end is sealed into the wall of the lamp envelope. Outside the envelope the tube is rolled or crimped on to the stem and sealed to the stem by brazing.

Abstract: The tubular ceramic discharge vessel of electric discharge lamps is sealed according to the invention with a cylindrical and an annular ceramic moulding between which a tubular current leadthrough member is accommodated consisting of tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium or alloys thereof. The current leadthrough member is connected in a vacuum-tight manner to the two ceramic mouldings by means of sealing ceramic.

Abstract: Ceramic support is mounted between the housing and an electrode to physically support the electrode with respect to the housing. Mechanical support is provided in an environment of high electrical potential in a gaseous environment where Paschen breakdown, vacuum breakdown and surface breakdown are significant failure modes which result in electric conduction between the housing and electrode.