Abstract: Components for use in vacuum electron devices are fabricated from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and exhibit excellent thermal conductivity, low sputtering rates, and low ion erosion rates as compared to conventional components made from copper or molybdenum. HOPG can be reliably brazed by carefully controlling tolerances, calculating braze joint material volume, and applying appropriate compression during furnace operations. The resulting components exhibit superior thermal performance and enhanced resistance to ion erosion and pitting.

Abstract: A method of producing a cathode for use in an x-ray tube assembly is provided including machining an emission aperture into a cup emission surface portion of a cup structure. The cup structure is comprised of a cup base portion opposite the cup emissions surface portion. Electro-discharge machining is used to form an electro-discharge machining slot into the cup structure to provide access to the interior of the cup structure. Electro-discharge machining is used to form a transverse coil chamber within the interior by way of the electro-discharge machining slot such that the transverse coil chamber is formed between the cup base portion and the cup emissions surface portion while retaining an essentially contiguous emissions surface perimeter surrounding the emission aperture.

Abstract: In an indirectly heated cathode comprising a heater having an alumina electrical insulating layer formed by layering and sintering alumina particles on a surface of a metal wire and an electron-emitting part that receives heat from the heater and emits thermoelectrons, and a cathode-ray tube comprising the indirectly heated cathode, the alumina particles contained in the alumina electrical insulating layer have a purity of at least 99.7 wt % and the alumina particles used for forming the alumina electrical insulating layer have a Na content of 20 ppm or less or a Si content of 100 ppm or less, thus enabling stable production, avoiding the occurrence of cracks in the alumina electrical insulating layer and heater deformation even in the practical operation of the cathode-ray tube, and lengthening the life of the heater.

Abstract: The fabrication of activated carbon based supercapacitors. In particular, a monolithic activated carbon plate or honeycomb electrodes (4, 6 and 8) made by extrusion, molding, or casting is described. The carbon monolithic plates or honeycombs are fabricated from synthetic carbon precursor and active ingredient leading to superior electrical properties.

Abstract: An improved electroluminescent display panel has a plurality of parallel metal assist structures deposited on a glass substrate, a plurality of parallel transparent electrodes are deposited over and aligned with the metal assist structures such that each metal assist structure is surrounded by a transparent electrode. A conventional stack of dielectric and phosphor layers and a plurality of metal electrodes is deposited thereon to complete the electroluminescent display panel.

Abstract: A discharge element comprises a linear electrode and a sheet electrode both of which are provided opposite to each other with an insulator sheet therebetween, in which the linear electrode is formed by plasma spray coating a high-meting point semiconductor so as not to be worn when a high-frequency high voltage is applied between both electrodes.

Abstract: Metal parts of an image intensifier tube which are exposed to a high voltage are coated with a layer of aluminum phosphate glass in order to preclude local discharge phenomena; the aluminum phosphate glass can be deposited in a thin, uniform layer already at a comparatively low flow temperature. Because the layer is thin, it is not necessary to take into account differences in coefficients of expansion, so that a high degree of freedom is achieved as regards the choice of materials for the metal parts.

Abstract: The electron source disclosed comprises a solid having a first semiconductor layer capable of releasing electrons under the effect of an electrical field, means to make at least one of its faces partially transparent to at least one part of the released electrons, and to enable this part of the electrons to be ejected from the solid, and a second unstable composite semiconductor layer having a structure having a negative differential resistance located between the first layer and its face which is at least partially transparent, in contact with the first layer. The electron source further includes means to form, with said first layer and the composite layer, an electrical resonant cavity.

Abstract: A high emissivity cold cathode has alternating cylindrical tube layers, deposited by vapor deposition, of a refractory metal such as niobium and a refractory insulating material such as alumina. The metal layers have a thickness of less than or about 1,000 angstroms such that the electric field strength at the exposed end is sufficient, in combination with a low work function metal to emit electrons when a voltage of about 2,000 volts is applied.

Abstract: In a channel plate electron multiplier having a stack of perforated conducting sheet dynodes insulated from one another, electrons incident on the input face of the stack which do not enter the channels give rise to unwanted secondary electrons which move transverse to the channels in the space in front of the stack. These secondary electrons enter channels remote from the point of incidence and thereby degrade the definition and contrast of an electron image transmitted by the channel plate. A layer of material having a low secondary electron emission, which may be on a sheet carrier, is provided on the stack input face.

Abstract: The edge effect elimination and beam forming device uses a field effect electron emitter with a conductive material disposed over selected portions of the emitting fibers of the emitter, in electrical contact with the fibers, and in the same plane as the fiber emitting points for eliminating electron emission in the area where the conductive material is placed. For edge effect elimination the conductive material is placed over the outer emitting fibers in a continuous path or ring. For additional beam shaping other segments or sections of the emitter surface may have conductive material deposited thereon to eliminate emission from that area, thereby shaping the beam emitted from the uncovered emitting points.

Abstract: A composite element comprises a matrix composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxides, carbides, nitrides and borides and a fibrous material made of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, oxides, carbides, nitrides and borides. A plurality of composite elements are used as the electrode wall or insulating wall constituting an MHD power generating channel.

Abstract: A gas-discharge chamber electrode is proposed, comprising a hollow metal member with an emitting portion on the gas-discharge side and with coolant pipes. The hollow metal member is coated on the outside, except for the emitting portion, with a high-temperature dielectric. The electrode system includes at least two such electrodes.

Abstract: A linear beam tube is provided with a gridded electron gun in which a concave cathode surface is provided with concave channels from which electrons are emitted. The channels may be arranged as concentric annuli. In a preferred embodiment the channels extend radially outwards from the center of the cathode to minimize the effects of temperature distortion. The cathode is provided with a shadow grid and a control grid is spaced from and aligned therewith.

Abstract: A cold cathode arc discharge flash lamp has a cathode assembly in which an electron emissive pellet is secured on the lead wire or rod entering the flash tube envelope. One or more coils of molybdenum or a similar body of ceramic refractory shield the emissive face of the pellet from destructive ion bombardment while exposing the face for electron emission.

Abstract: A base metal plate for directly heated oxide cathode comprising a plate of Ni-W-Zr alloy containing 20 to 30% by weight of W and 0.3 to 5.0% by weight of Zr, which can further contain a small amount of other reducing element such as Mg, Al, or Si, and having a thickness of not more than 50.mu.. The base metal plate is prepared by powder metallurgy, and has a good life time of electron emission and a good strength in the operating temperature range of cathode.

Abstract: A target for converting kinetic energy of a beam of high energy electrons into bremsstrahlung radiation in the forward direction which consists of a first layer of high or medium Z material that converts the electron energy to bremsstrahlung, a second layer of low Z material that is positioned in the forward direction with respect to the first layer and stops electrons which are transmitted through the first layer, and a third layer of high Z material that is positioned in the forward direction with respect to the second layer and absorbs low-energy photons. The first layer which is of uniform thickness, may be optimized to produce a maximum photon intensity at any desired angle including 0.degree.. The second layer need not be uniform, however has a minimum thickness to stop all electrons. The third layer may be approximately 0.06 g/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A charged particle collecting body forming part of an electrode comprises a three dimensional network defining a multiplicity of interconnecting free cells.The dimensions of the cells are selected to permit a major portion of charged particles incident thereon to penetrate a number of free cells before impinging on a strut of the three-dimensional network.

Abstract: Device on a metallic gas discharge vessel as a current lead-in through its wall. The inner conductor which traverses the container wall is supported by an insulating sleeve. For protection against the action of glow discharges protective gaps are located in front of the insulating sleeve which are formed by an inner insulatedly supported metallic shielding sleeve. A second outer insulatedly arranged shielding sleeve encloses the inner shielding sleeve and forms protective gaps located in front of the inner shielding sleeve. The outer shielding sleeve shields the inner shielding sleeve against the electric field originating from the container wall.