Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp including discharge tube having at least two electrodes at opposite ends thereof, an outer bulb housing the discharge tube, a circuit for starting the discharge tube and a glow starter which is covered with a heat shield member and disposed between the discharge tube and the outer bulb.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal halogen vapor lamp with a discharge tube coated on surfaces adjacent to its electrodes with a heat reflecting layer. The discharge space comprising a discharge tube is made of a material which is permeable to light, preferrably quartz. The discharge space is between electrodes having a high melting point. An arc discharge takes place in the discharge space between the electrodes.The discharge space contains a metal of high vapor pressure at operational temperatures, a noble gas and, as additives, at least one metal and a halogen which forms a halogen compound with said metal.There is a heat reflecting layer with advantageous properties at one or both ends of the discharge tube of a material of high melting point, preferably quartz. The characteristics of said layer differ in many respects from the properties of previously known heat reflecting layers since it is bound to the surface of the quartz discharge tube by an inorganic binding material.

Abstract: In high intensity discharge lamps, particularly those that are configured to operate in a particular orientation, end coatings are provided which increase the efficacy of the lamp. In one embodiment of the present invention, reflective end coatings are provided exteriorly and at the ends of the discharge tube except for an approximately semicircularly shaped portion through which the optical output of the lamp radiates. The particular coating pattern provided in the present invention reduces the number of internal reflections occurring within the discharge tube and accordingly increases the efficacy of the lamp.

Abstract: A high pressure electric arc tube discharge lamp utilizing low power input. he electrode spacing is less than 20 mm and the arc is electrode-stabilized. The arc tube is of isothermal design. The gas fill of the lamp contains a mixture of metal (i) iodides or (ii) iodides and bromides. The metal halides must include at least the halides of sodium and tin. Mercury is preferred as the buffer gas. When operating, the lamp has a low-color temperature, a luminous efficacy of 80 lms/W and a color-rendering index of about 75. It is suitable for use in interior lighting.

Abstract: In an ion implantation apparatus, a beam defining member such as the acceleration plate is constructed such that the member is maintained at a temperature above the condensation point of the vapor emanating from the source of charged particles, thereby preventing the vapor from condensing on the member and providing a self-cleaning effect.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas-and/or vapor discharge lamp which is provided with a discharge tube and with a heat shield.The heat shield is connected to a bimetal element of the lamp such that, when the temperature of the discharge tube is raised (or lowered) the heat shield is further removed from (or moved towards) the discharge tube. Accordingly the lamp reaches its operating condition rapidly after starting and in the operating condition fluctuations in the temperature are very small.

Abstract: A high intensity sodium vapor lamp comprises a tubular envelope of alumina ceramic provided with end closures and containing a charge of sodium mercury amalgam in excess of that vaporized during operation. One closure includes a refractory metal tube sealed off at its tip and wherein unvaporized excess of amalgam collects as a liquid pool. In order to have a sufficiently high temperature at the amalgam pool, a metal slug of high heat conductivity such as molybdenum is placed in it and extends from the seal region towards the tip. Such slug also prevents overheating the seal between the ceramic tube and the end cap.

Abstract: The arc tube of a high intensity arc discharge lamp is horizontally operated and has a longitudinal stripe of heat reflecting coating along the lower surface of the arc tube in order to improve lamp efficiency.