Abstract: 2-dimensional nanostructured tungsten carbide which is obtained by control of the alignment of nanostructure during growth of tungsten carbide through control of the degree of supersaturation and a method for fabricating same are disclosed. The method for fabricating 2-dimensional nanostructured tungsten carbide employs a chemical vapor deposition process wherein a hydrogen plasma is applied to prepare 2-dimensional nanostructured tungsten carbide vertically aligned on a nanocrystalline diamond film. The chemical vapor deposition process wherein the hydrogen plasma is applied includes: disposing a substrate with the nanocrystalline diamond film formed thereon on an anode in a chamber, disposing a surface-carburized tungsten cathode above and at a distance from the substrate, and applying the hydrogen plasma into the chamber.

Abstract: A Vacuum Fired and Brazed (“VFB”) anode array element for use in an ion pump is described. The VFB anode array element includes a first VFB conduit anode element and second VFB conduit anode element, wherein the second VFB conduit anode element is adjacent the first VFB conduit anode element. The first VFB conduit anode element is vacuum brazed together with second VFB conduit anode element.

Abstract: An improved mercury dosing composition is described. A method for dispensing mercury with this composition and to discharge lamps containing each composition is also described.

Abstract: To stabilize the illumination fluctuation rate of a short arc type discharge lamp of the type having a pair of electrodes disposed inside an arc tube in a manner of facing each other and a hydrogen getter, by absorbing hydrogen gas in an arc tube without causing a decline in the performance of the short arc type discharge lamp arising out of a hydrogen getter, the hydrogen getter is formed of a hollow container made of a material that allows the transmission of hydrogen with a getter material sealed tightly inside the hollow container, and a holder for the hydrogen getter is held on the electrode with the hydrogen getter fixed in the holder.

Abstract: A support for filiform elements containing an active material in form of powders is described, comprising anchoring means of the support and blocking means for the filiform element, a method for manufacturing said support and lamps wherein said supports are employed.

Abstract: A discharge lamp includes an arc tube made of quartz glass and enclosing a light emitting substance, and an electrode mainly made of tungsten and arranged in the arc tube, the electrode including at least one getter material that binds with oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display device preventing a getter layer from contacting elements disposed in the display device, and an embodiment of the present invention may be achieved in a whole or in part by a display device comprising: A substrate; A pixel part disposed on the substrate; A cap comprising a first region attached on the substrate; and a second region having a position different from a position of the first region, connected with the first region, and corresponding to the pixel part; A getter layer disposed on the second region of the cap; and A protecting layer disposed on the getter layer.

Abstract: A discharge lamp comprising a holed metallic structure that serves as a support for an amalgam Bi—In—X—Hg, a method for controlling pressure of mercury within discharge lamps and a process for manufacturing of the lamps are described.

Abstract: A cathode stack with a getter layer is disclosed. The cathode stack includes an electron injection layer, a capping layer and a getter layer. An organic electroactive device including a cathode stack with a getter layer is also presented. A method of fabricating an electroactive device with a cathode stack including a getter layer is also provided.

Abstract: A support for filiform elements containing an active material in form of powders is described, comprising anchoring means of the support and blocking means for the filiform element, a method for manufacturing said support and lamps wherein said supports are employed.

Abstract: A discharge lamp includes an arc tube made of quartz glass and enclosing a light emitting substance, and an electrode mainly made of tungsten and arranged in the arc tube, the electrode including at least one getter material that binds with oxygen.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus in which a first substrate provided with an electron-emitting device and an image displaying member which electrons emitted from the electron-emitting device irradiate are arranged to be opposed is provided with a deflecting means deflecting the electrons emitted from the electron-emitting device and a trapping unit trapping an inert gas ionized by the electrons. Thereby, the damages of the electron-emitting device by the inert gas are prevented, and the life of an image display apparatus is aimed to be elongated.

Abstract: To stabilize the illumination fluctuation rate of a short arc type discharge lamp of the type having a pair of electrodes disposed inside an arc tube in a manner of facing each other and a hydrogen getter, by absorbing hydrogen gas in an arc tube without causing a decline in the performance of the short arc type discharge lamp arising out of a hydrogen getter, the hydrogen getter is formed of a hollow container made of a material that allows the transmission of hydrogen with a getter material sealed tightly inside the hollow container, and a holder for the hydrogen getter is held on the electrode with the hydrogen getter fixed in the holder.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided with a vacuum chamber consisting of an electron source substrate and an image display substrate, and an ion pump which is attached to an electron-emitting substrate or the image display substrate and exhausts air from the vacuum chamber by the action of a magnet, wherein the magnet is attached and fixed to the substrate to which the ion pump has been attached. Thereby, the image display apparatus prevents the magnet from applying an excessive force to the ion pump by its weight, and acquires a stable structure without causing a vacuum leak.

Abstract: A vacuum device, including a substrate and a support structure having a support perimeter, where the support structure is disposed over the substrate. In addition, the vacuum device also includes a non-evaporable getter layer having an exposed surface area. The non-evaporable getter layer is disposed over the support structure, and extends beyond the support perimeter, in at least one direction, of the support structure forming a vacuum gap between the substrate and the non-evaporable getter layer increasing the exposed surface area.

Abstract: A gun chamber for a charged particle emitter is provided, said gun chamber comprising at least one electrode coated with a non-evaporable getter (NEG) material.

Abstract: Getter multilayer structures are disclosed, embodiments of which include at least a layer of a non-evaporable getter alloy having a low activation temperature over a layer of a different non-evaporable getter material having high specific surface area, both preferably obtained by cathodic deposition. The multilayer NEG structures exhibit better gas sorbing characteristics and lower activation temperature lower than those of deposits made up of a single material. A process for manufacturing such structures includes depositing a first, high surface area NEG film on a support, and then depositing a thin over layer of low activation NEG film.

Abstract: A cold cathode fluorescent lamp includes a lamp base and a light tube coupled to the lamp base. The light tube includes a light tube body having two end portions, and a getter mercury dispensing electrode sealed into each end portion. The light tube body has a relatively large diameter of about 4 mm to about 10 mm, and the getter mercury dispensing electrode has a dimension configured to fit inside the light tube body.

Abstract: The disclosure has described a sub-miniature arc lamp and a method to make a sub-miniature arc lamp. An embodiment of the sub-miniature arc lamp includes a sapphire body having a first end and a second end, the first end being coupled to a first cap and the second end being coupled to a second cap to define a sealed envelope, wherein a first electrode being mounted in the first cap and a second electrode being mounted in the second cap are enclosed within the envelope. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed for providing improved brightness and definition. The device includes a substrate which has anodes and phosphors formed on an inner surface thereof and a plurality of cathode lines that extend in one direction and include electron sources. Control electrodes are provided in a display region in a non-contrast manner. The control electrodes are formed on an inner surface of a back substrate and arranged to face a face substrate in an opposing manner. A support body is interposed between the face substrate and the back substrate such that the support body surrounds the display region and maintains a given distance. The device also includes a plurality of getters arranged between the support body and the partition wall body.

Abstract: A lamp electrode adapted to deliver mercury during an assembly process has a supporting electrical lead attached to the proximal end of a metallic shell. The proximal and a distal ends of the metallic shell each lie along a central axis. A container with a vitreous plug in a sealed end contains a substance for delivering mercury upon heating of the container. The sidewall of the container is attached to the electrical lead. The longitudinal axis of the container is skewed relative to the electrical lead to orient the container in a direction to reduce discharge of mercury directly toward the metallic shell. The container is heated to open it and discharge a mercury dose from the sealed end, which is prone to opening upon heating of the container.

Abstract: A light tube for a cold cathode fluorescent lamp includes a light tube body, anode and cathode disposed in the light tube body and an activated gas absorber. The light tube body contains inert gas, mercury substance and a layer of phosphor coating on its inner surface. The cathode is adapted for electrically connecting to the negative terminal for emitting electrons to excite the mercury substance for conducting the electrons to the anode as an electric circuit, wherein the excited mercury substance emits ultra violet rays causing the phosphor coating to generate visible light. The activated gas absorber is gas absorber made of zirconium-aluminum alloy which can be activated at an activation temperature substantially lower than 900 degrees Celsius, preferably 390 degrees Celsius, to provide stronger oxygenic gas absorption ability while reducing the manufacturing steps and cost.

Abstract: In a display device which includes a back substrate, a face substrate, a support body which is interposed between both substrates and surrounds a display region, thus forming an inner space, and a sealing material is provided which hermetically seals the support body and both substrates, thereby to provide a display device having a long lifetime and in which the desired degree of vacuum can be ensured in the inner space. A partition wall body is arranged substantially in parallel at the outside of the display region and at the inside of the support body, and getters are arranged in a space defined between the partition wall body and the support body.

Abstract: A vacuum device, including a substrate and a support structure having a support perimeter, where the support structure is disposed over the substrate. In addition, the vacuum device also includes a non-evaporable getter layer having an exposed surface area. The non-evaporable getter layer is disposed over the support structure, and extends beyond the support perimeter, in at least one direction, of the support structure forming a vacuum gap between the substrate and the non-evaporable getter layer increasing the exposed surface area.

Abstract: A light tube for a cold electrode fluorescent lamp includes a light tube body, a first electrode and a second electrode disposed in the light tube body and an activated gas absorber. The light tube body contains inert gas, mercury substance and a layer of phosphor coating on its inner surface. The second electrode is adapted for electrically connecting to the an electric terminal for emitting electrons to excite the mercury substance for conducting the electrons to the first electrode as an electric loop, wherein the excited mercury substance emits ultra violet rays causing the phosphor coating to generate visible light. The activated gas absorber is gas absorber made of zirconium-vanadium-iron alloy which can be activated at an activation temperature substantially lower than 900 degrees Celsius, preferably 390 degrees Celsius, to provide stronger oxygenic gas absorption ability while reducing the manufacturing steps and cost.

Abstract: A field emission display (FED) and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The FED includes a getter portion isolated outwardly from an active display region. This getter portion includes a non-evaporable getter layer for absorbing gas and an electron emission source for activating the getter layer. Accordingly, by activating the non-evaporable getter, the gas generated in the display is easily absorbed, and the FED is maintained in a high vacuum state.

Abstract: The lamp comprises a discharge vessel (2) which is closed off in a vacuum-tight manner and is arranged in an outer bulb (12), a getter material being held on a support body inside the outer bulb (12). The support body is a support strip (31) to which the getter material is applied, the support strip being bent in such a way that it is automatically held in the outer bulb (12) without the need for any auxiliary means.

Abstract: A mercury gas discharge device comprises an envelope with inert gas and mercury vapour contained within it. The mercury gas discharge device further comprises a pair of electrodes. One or more sintered metal portions are also located inside the envelope. The sintered metal portions have high gettering characteristics with respect to waste gases, but low gettering characteristics with respect to the mercury vapour.

Abstract: An image display device of the present invention includes a container having a substrate; an electron source provided thereon; and an image display member which opposes the electron source substrate and which displays an image when being irradiated with electrons emitted from the electron source. In addition, the container further has first getters provided in an image display area which is formed between the image display member and the electron source, and ring non-evaporable second getters which are provided outside the image display area.

Abstract: A mercury gas discharge device comprises an envelope with inert gas and mercury vapour contained within it. The mercury gas discharge device further comprises a pair of electrodes. One or more sintered metal portions are also located inside the envelope. The sintered metal portions have high gettering characteristics with respect to waste gases, but low gettering characteristics with respect to the mercury vapour.

Abstract: A flash discharge lamp includes a pair of electrodes i.e. an anode and a cathode, oppositely disposed in at both ends of the glass bulb. An electro-conductive member is provided on the outer surface of the glass tube. A triggering electrode is mounted on the cathode and electrically connected to the electro-conductive member. Xenon gas is sealed in the glass tube. The flash discharge lamp further includes at least one High Temperature Resistant electrode mounted on the cathode and at least one Getter electrode mounted on the cathode and/or the anode. Not only can the above design increase the discharge output power and the discharge frequency, but it also extends the life expectancy of the flash discharge lamp.

Abstract: A flat panel display is provided including a baseplate for carrying a first potential, the baseplate having emitters for emitting electrons positioned thereon and a faceplate for carrying a second potential, the faceplate having phosphors thereon. The baseplate and the faceplate are hermetically sealed around the periphery to define an evacuated volume. A gate electrode for carrying a third potential causes the emitter to selectively emit electrons, which cause the phosphors to emit light and which ionize contaminant gases in the evacuated volume. A gettering material is disposed in housing connected to the evacuated volume and has a getter connection connecting the gettering material to the baseplate for applying the first potential to the gettering material, which causes the ionized contaminant gases to be attracted to and absorbed by the gettering material. The getter connection extends outside the vacuum to allow for testing of the ionized contaminant gases.

Abstract: A field emission display (FED) and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The FED includes a getter portion isolated outwardly from an active display region. This getter portion includes a non-evaporable getter layer for absorbing gas and an electron emission source for activating the getter layer. Accordingly, by activating the non-evaporable getter, the gas generated in the display is easily absorbed, and the FED is maintained in a high vacuum state.

Abstract: A halogen lamp includes a pair of lead members, a filament bonded to and between the pair of lead members and a glass bulb encasing and sealing the filament and at least portions of the pair of lead members. The lamp further includes a support member made of non-conductive material and adapted for fixedly interconnecting legs of the pair of lead members, with the support member being disposed within the glass bulb. The lead members and the filament are bonded together by plasma welding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a display tube comprising an envelope portion 2 having an inner surface provided with a first electrically conductive layer 7 and a faceplate 1 having an inner surface provided with a second electrically conductive layer 8, which faceplate 1 is secured to the envelope portion 2 at a sealing edge 15, and further comprising a contacting layer 33 which is deposited in an area partially overlapping the first electrically conductive layer 7 and the second electrically conductive layer 8 in order to electrically connect said first electrically conductive layer 7 to said second electrically conductive layer 8.

Abstract: A metal frame x-ray tube (1), includes a gettering system (90) which, when activated, provides a layer (147) of gettering material (98) on a grounded conductive portion (72, 74) of a metal frame or envelope (14). The envelope defines an evacuated chamber (12), which houses an anode (10) and a cathode (18). Moving the gettering material to larger diameter portions of the frame enables substantially larger amounts of gettering material to be provided than in a conventional gettering system, which is typically housed in the cathode assembly (26). Moreover, multiple independently controllable gettering wires (92, 94) facilitate reactivating the gettering material plural times both during the manufacturing process and in the field. This ability to rejuvenate vacuum pumping capability in an x-ray tube that is starting to arc in the field allows for extended x-ray tube life.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube and a getter assembly for use in such a cathode ray tube. The getter assembly comprises a conducting strip for contacting a high-voltage contact with a magnetic screening cone inside a cone portion of the tube. Due to the relatively large deflection angle of modern cathode ray tubes with flat display screens, the getter assembly has to be made smaller. The getter assembly of the invention has a notch for directly engaging the high voltage contact. In case of reworking during the manufacturing process, an operator can slide the new getter assembly with the aid of a special tool, from the neck side along the inner wall for engagement with the high-voltage contact.

Abstract: A hollow cathode having at least a portion of the inner, outer or both surfaces coated with a layer of a getter material is described. Some methods for the production of the hollow cathode of the invention are also described, which include cathodic and electrophoretic deposition of the getter layer onto the hollow cathode.

Abstract: A getter which can maintain an absorption ability and secure sufficient characteristics even when a high-temperature low-vacuum is experienced in a process as compared with a conventional getter. The getter has an undulation on the surface, and is formed by depositing Ti or a composition mainly containing Ti or Zr or a base surface mainly containing Zr.

Abstract: Image-forming apparatuses include getters that are suitably placed. The getters can be fixed using inorganic adhesives and function effectively by suitably setting weight ratios between getter powder and the adhesives.

Abstract: Providing a light bulb having a long life by preventing filament coil breakage. A glass bulb (1) has a sealing portion (4) at one end thereof and contains a filament coil (5). The filament coil (5) is suspended between lead-in wires (7, 8) extended externally of the sealing portion (4), with its opposite ends connected to respective one ends of the wires. The lead-in wires (7, 8) are supported by a stem (6) disposed between the sealing portion (4) and the filament coil (5). A getter (9) is disposed between the sealing portion (4) and the stem (6).

Abstract: A cathode structure comprising a getter material provided with a diamond film. The getter material may include zirconium, vanadium and iron. Cathode structures may have a substantially rounded configuration including a substantially straight portion. Other cathode structures may have a substantially flat portion, with the diamond film covering essentially the entire flat surface. Methods of manufacturing cathode structures may include conditioning the cathode structure by applying a voltage.

Abstract: A flash discharge lamp comprising: a pair of electrodes i.e. an anode and a cathode, oppositely disposed in at both ends of the glass bulb, a electro-conductive member is provided on the outer surface of the glass tube, a triggering electrode mounted on said cathode and electrically connected to said electro-conductive member, and xenon gas sealed in said glass tube, said flash discharge lamp further includes at least one High Temperature Resistant electrode mounted on said cathode and at least one Getter electrode mounted on said cathode and/or said anode. Not only can the above design increase discharge output power and the discharge frequency, but also extend the life expectancy of the flash discharge lamp. The flash discharge lamp according to this invention goes further in the scope of application.

Abstract: A getter assembly for use in a vacuum display panel is described. The novel getter assembly can be provided including both a non-evaporative getter and an evaporative getter which are uniquely positioned juxtaposed to each other such that ions emitted by the evaporative getter upon activation substantially shield the non-evaporative getter so that gases emitted by the non-evaporative getter when activated does not affect the state of vacuum in the vacuum display panel. A preferred embodiment of the present invention novel getter assembly is shown for vacuum display panels that have sufficient thickness in the cavity so that the getter assembly can be installed inside the cavity.

Abstract: A flat vacuum envelope is provided where an anode electrode is conductively connected to the contact portion of a high-voltage supplying lead with high reliability so that the connection electrode plate is not stripped from the anode electrode (a). A field emission region (1a), which is formed of a gate layer and emitters, is laminated on a first glass electrode (1). An anode electrode (2a), which is formed of a fluorescent display substance and a transparent electrode, is laminated on a second glass substrate (2). An exhaust tube (4) is formed to the first glass substrate (1) to evacuate the inside of the vacuum envelope. The lead (5) is connected to the anode electrode (2a) via the connection anode plate (6). The connection anode plate (6) is joined to the anode electrode (2a) by the resilient member (20) so that the conductivity thereof is not impaired while the exhaust tube (4) is being sealed.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided with an external housing constituted by members including first and second substrates positioned with a gap therebetween, an electron source positioned on the first substrate in the external housing, and a fluorescent film and an accelerating electrode provided on the second substrate. A first getter is positioned in the image display area in the external housing. And a second getter is so provided as to be insulated from the electron source and the accelerating electrode and as to surround the first getter.

Abstract: The invention proposes arranging a getter (7) made from niobium on the electrode rod (4) of a mercury short-arc lamp, the two following conditions being fulfilled: D>1.8·d and &agr;≧20°. In this case, D and d denote a diameter of the relevant electrode head (2) or the associated electrode rod (4), and &agr; denotes an angle which is defined by the longitudinal axis of the electrode and an imaginary connecting line between the end of the getter (7) averted from the electrode head, and a point on the perpendicular, running through the end of the electrode rod on the electrode head side, to the electrode longitudinal axis. The point mentioned corresponds to the projection of the maximum radius of the lateral surface of the electrode head onto this perpendicular. An improved maintenance of the lamp is thereby achieved.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an improved hollow cathode lamp (15). In the preferred embodiment, the lamp is comprised of a stem (23), a cathode lead (18) which passes through the stem, and a getter (26). The improvement includes a flash shield (28) positioned between the getter and the stem, whereby the flash shield will limit the deposit of getter metal on the stem when the getter flashes. The flash shield may be a circular disk and composed of nickel. The flash shield may include an evacuation passage (46). The flash shield may also be capable of being heated to about 1000° C. during flashing, whereby the flash shield may be heated so as to convectionally repel the getter metal when the getter flashes.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus comprises an electron source and an image-forming member disposed in an envelope. The image-forming member includes a fluorescent film and a metal back covering the fluorescent film. The metal back contains a gettering substance and the gettering substance is irradiated with electron beams emitted from the electron source.

Abstract: The present invention provides a micro vacuum pump capable of enhancing the performance of exhausting rare gases as well as active gases thereby to ensure quality, good repeatability and stable getter action of the micro vacuum pump over a long time. The invention also provides an apparatus assembling the micro vacuum pump. The micro vacuum pump capable of maintaining a high degree of vacuum includes a first conductive substrate having many protrusions and mounting a second conductive substrate disposed with a predetermined interval provided with respect to the first conductive substrate so that it faces the protrusions. A gate electrode is disposed in the vicinity of the apexes of the protrusions on the first conductive substrate via an insulator layer, and is positioned to face the second conductive substrate.