Abstract: The invention describes a high intensity gas-discharge lamp comprising a discharge vessel (5, 5?) enclosing a fill gas in a discharge chamber (2) and comprising a pair of electrodes (3, 3?, 4, 4?) extending into the discharge chamber (2), and wherein the fill gas includes a halide composition comprising a halide of sodium and, optionally, scandium iodide to a total proportion of at least 30 wt %, and a halide of terbium and/or gadolinium to a proportion of at least 5 wt %.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp may include a quartz glass bulb which encloses a discharge volume, and a fill which contains mercury and noble gas as well as metal halides being held in the discharge volume, wherein the fill contains both dysprosium halides and also oxyhalides of at least one of tungsten and mercury based on at least one of the halogens bromine and chlorine.

Abstract: A plasma lamp apparatus. The apparatus can have a bulb coupled to at least the first end of a support member that is provided within a housing having an interior and exterior region. The housing can also have a first coupling member disposed within the housing, and a gap can be provided between the first coupling member and the support member. Additionally an rf source can be coupled to the support member. A fill material, which can include at least a first volume of a rare gas, a first amount of a first metal halide, a second amount of a second metal halide, and a third amount of mercury, can be spatially disposed within the bulb.

Abstract: A light source device repeatedly implements a first state and a second state in alternate shifts. The energy of a standing wave generated in a cavity resonator is absorbed by a rare gas or the like existing in a hollow member. This implements the first state in which plasma is generated and the electron temperature thereof is increased, and then the extreme ultraviolet light emitted from the plasma is emitted out of the cavity resonator through a window. The supply of the electromagnetic wave to the cavity resonator is interrupted. This implements the second state in which the plasma is extinguished.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp is described, including a discharge tube having an elongated shape and enclosing a discharge gas therein, and a pair of electrodes. A portion of an outer peripheral surface of the discharge tube in a longitudinal direction of the discharge tube is defined as a light extraction area for extracting light induced in the discharge tube to an outside. The pair of the electrodes are placed on the outer peripheral surface such that the light extraction area is positioned between the pair of the electrodes in a peripheral direction of the outer peripheral surface of the discharge tube.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a high-pressure discharge lamp is provided. The high-pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel which encloses a discharge volume, wherein a filling containing sodium halides, rare earth halides, mercury and inert gas is accommodated in the discharge volume, wherein the filling at the same time includes the rare earths Tm and Gd, the relative proportions between Gd and Tm, considered as a molar ratio, lying in the range 0.1 to 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a discharge lamp able to be operated at less than full rated power without suffering undesirable color shift, loss of lumen maintenance or loss of lamp efficacy. It finds particular application in connection with ceramic metal halide lamps having a low dose level of thallium iodide and optionally indium iodide, e.g. less than 1 mol %, in the dose thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are lamps which comprises a discharge vessel comprised of a ceramic material; at least one electrode extending into the discharge vessel; an ionizable fill sealed within the discharge vessel, the fill comprising Hg, a buffer gas component, and a halide component comprising at least an alkali metal halide component and a rare earth halide component; a source of available oxygen; and a metallic component. The discharge vessel defines an interior space which comprises available oxygen during lamp operation conditions. Also disclosed herein are associated methods for making and using such lamps. Disclosed advantages may include mitigating some of the deleterious effects of highly electronegative species, enhanced lumens, and balancing the level of available oxygen for wall cleaning.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a discharge lamp able to be operated at less than full rated power without suffering undesirable color shift, loss of lumen maintenance or loss of lamp efficacy. It finds particular application in connection with ceramic metal halide lamps having no thallium iodide in the dose thereof.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp may include a quartz glass bulb which encloses a discharge volume, and a fill which contains mercury and noble gas as well as metal halides being held in the discharge volume, wherein the fill contains both dysprosium halides and also oxyhalides of at least one of tungsten and mercury based on at least one of the halogens bromine and chlorine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coaxial waveguide electrodeless lamp. The lamp is formed in analogy to coaxial waveguide cables, with an outer conductor, a central conductor, and a gas-fill vessel made of dielectric material between the outer conductor and the inner conductor. The gas-fill vessel is substantially hollow and filled with substances that form a plasma and emit light when RF radiation carried by the central conductor and ground conductor interacts with the substances in the gas-fill vessel. The present invention also relates to a leaky waveguide electrodeless lamp. The lamp is formed in analogy to leaky waveguides, with a conductor, a ground conductor, and a gas-fill vessel made of dielectric material butted against the conductor and encompassed by the ground conductor. The leaky waveguide electrodeless lamp emits light from a plasma similar to light-emission action of the coaxial waveguide electrodeless lamp described above.

Abstract: A plasma lamp apparatus. The apparatus can have a bulb coupled to at least the first end of a support member that is provided within a housing having an interior and exterior region. The housing can also have a first coupling member disposed within the housing, and a gap can be provided between the first coupling member and the support member. Additionally an rf source can be coupled to the support member. A fill material, which can include at least a first volume of a rare gas, a first amount of a first metal halide, a second amount of a second metal halide, and a third amount of mercury, can be spatially disposed within the bulb.

Abstract: A lamp includes a discharge vessel with electrodes extending into the discharge vessel and an ionizable fill sealed within the vessel. The fill includes a buffer gas, optionally mercury, and a halide component comprising a sodium halide, a lanthanum halide, a thallium halide, and a calcium halide. The lanthanum halide is present in the halide component at a mol fraction of at least 0.03.

Abstract: A mercury-free arc tube for a discharge lamp unit including a closed glass bulb in which main light emitting substances of NaI, ScI3, and ScBr3 and buffer substances of InI and ZnI2 are enclosed together with Xe gas, and wherein an amount of enclosed ScBr3 is in a range of about 5 wt % to about 24 wt % relative to a total weight of the substances enclosed in the closed glass bulb. The mercury-free arc tube may also include a shroud glass tube, which is surrounds the closed glass bulb and a pair of electrodes, which are disposed to be opposed to each other in the closed glass bulb.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a discharge lamp able to be operated at less than full rated power without suffering undesirable color shift, loss of lumen maintenance or loss of lamp efficacy. It finds particular application in connection with ceramic metal halide lamps having no thallium iodide in the dose thereof.

Abstract: A metal-halogenide filling for forming an ionisable filling comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and at least one halogen, the filling including at least the components Rb-halogenide and Mn-halogenide. This filling can in particular be contained in the discharge container of a metal-halogenide lamp.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a high pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel which contains two electrodes and a metal halide filling in a discharge volume V, wherein the filling contains a starting gas that is selected individually or in mixture from the group of the noble gases, wherein the filling moreover contains metal halides that are selected individually or in mixture from the group MXn, M being a representative from the group In, Zn, Mg, Mn, Al, Tl, Sn, Sc, Hg and X being a representative from the group I, Br, Cl, wherein moreover the filling contains a stoichiometric excess of the metallic portion M in relation to MXn, wherein the concentration of the metallic portion is in the range from 0.1 to 20 mg/cm3.

Abstract: A ceramic gas discharge metal halide (CDM) lamp (10) capable of retrofitting into existing high pressure iodide (HPI) metal halide and high pressure mercury vapor (HP) lamp fixtures for significient energy savings, the CDM lamp (10) having a ceramic discharge vessel (12) containing a pair of discharge electrodes (17, 18), a Penning mixture of the rare gases neon and argon, and a chemical fill which includes an oxygen dispenser and which restricts strong oxygen binders to 5 mole percent or less. In a preferred embodiment, the discharge vessel (12) has an aspect ratio R of less than 2, a wall thickness t of up to 1.2 mm, a spacing d between the discharge electrodes (17, 18) of up to 14 mm, and a passive antenna (26) on the outer wall of the discharge vessel (12), with the shortest distance a between a discharge electrode (17, 18) and the floating antenna (26) of up to 7 mm.

Abstract: In order to achieve a discharge lamp suited to operate under reduced nominal power of e.g. 20-30 W, a lamp is proposed with two electrodes (24) arranged at a distance in a discharge vessel (20, 120) for generating an arc discharge. The discharge vessel (20, 120) has a filling with a substantially free of mercury and comprises a metal halide and a rare gas. The lamp (10, 110) further comprises an outer bulb (18) arranged around the discharge vessel at a distance (d2). The outer bulb (18) is sealed and has a gas filling of a thermal conductivity (?). The inner diameter (d1) of the discharge vessel is preferably in a range from 2-2.7 mm. The wall thickness (w1) is in a range from 1.4-2 mm. A heat transition coefficient (?/d2) is calculated as thermal conductivity (?) at 800° C. of the outer bulb filling divided by the distance (d2). The so-defined heat 10 transition coefficient is below 150 W/(m2K).

Abstract: In various embodiments, a high-pressure discharge lamp is provided. The high-pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel which encloses a discharge volume, wherein a filling containing sodium halides, rare earth halides, mercury and inert gas is accommodated in the discharge volume, wherein the filling at the same time includes the rare earths Tm and Gd, the relative proportions between Gd and Tm, considered as a molar ratio, lying in the range 0.1 to 1.

Abstract: With regard to a metal vapor discharge lamp with a triple tube structure including a discharge tube, an inner tube, and an outer tube, misalignment of axes of the inner tube and the outer tube is prevented. The metal vapor discharge lamp (14) is composed of a discharge tube (30) having a pair of electrodes therein, an inner tube (32) having a pinch-sealed part (86) at an end thereof and hermitically housing the discharge tube therein, and an outer tube (34) housing the inner tube therein, and a base (36). In a clearance between the inner tube and the outer tube, there disposed a restrain member (37) for restraining movement of the inner tube relative to the outer tube in a direction orthogonal to an axis of the metal vapor discharge lamp.

Abstract: A quick-start type fluorescent lamp that includes a discharge envelope, which encloses a discharge space containing a filing of mercury and an inert gas in a gastight manner and includes tubular end portions each having a longitudinal axis, and electrodes being arranged in the discharge space for generating and maintaining a discharge therein, characterized in that: a Bi—In—Sn—Hg compound or Bi—In—Sn—Hg compound in combination with a Bi—In—Sn compound being free of mercury is disposed at one or two positions near the electrode. The quick-start type fluorescent lamp of the present invention has a much shorter starting time.

Abstract: A lamp includes a discharge sustaining fill which includes mercury halide, cesium halide, optionally one of indium halide and thallium halide, and a rare earth halide component selected from dysprosium halide, holmium halide, and thulium halide. In operation without a jacket, the lamp may have a color temperature of about 5300K to 6000K, a color rendering index of at least about 92 and an efficacy of at least about 85 LPW.

Abstract: A quartz metal halide lamp includes an outer sealed envelope defining an interior space, and an arc tube disposed in the interior space. The arc tube has a fill space. A chemical fill is disposed in the fill space. The chemical fill includes sodium halide and lanthanide halide, with the lanthanide halide selected from the group consisting of europium iodide, europium bromide, praseodymium iodide, praseodymium bromide, ytterbium iodide, ytterbium bromide and combinations thereof. The lanthanide halide is between 2 and 6 weight percent of the chemical fill. Electrodes are partially disposed within the fill space.

Abstract: A metal halide fill for forming an ionizable fill comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and metal halides, comprising the constituents Na halide, Tl halide, Ca halide and halides of the rare earths. It also comprises Pb halide. This fill may be present in particular in the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp which has an outer bulb.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp according to the present invention includes: a main tube (6) made of a light-transmitting ceramic and forming a part of an arc tube; a first thin tube (7a) coupled to a first end of the main tube (6); a second thin tube (7b) coupled to a second end of the main tube (6); a pair of electrodes (5a, 5b), which are inserted into the first and second thin tubes (7a, 7b), respectively, such that the far ends thereof face each other inside the main tube (1); and a first metal halide enclosed in the arc tube. A second metal halide, which has a lower vapor pressure than that of the first metal halide, is further enclosed in the arc tube. And the main tube (6) has portions, of which the inside diameter decreases monotonically toward the ends.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp which is suitable for motor vehicle headlights, has an improved color point stability close to the black body locus, a high color temperature, and a high luminous efficacy (lm/w). The high-pressure discharge lamp includes an inner vessel with a discharge chamber, with at least two electrodes extending into the discharge chamber, and an outer bulb surrounding the inner vessel. The discharge chamber contains an ionizable filling including at least one rare gas, 0-10 mg of mercury, and a metal halide mixture. The metal halide mixture includes 40-80% by weight of sodium halide, 25-55% by weight of scandium halide, 1-15% by weight of indium halide, and 0-34% by weight of thallium halide.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp with a discharge vessel comprising electrodes; at least one noble gas as starting gas; at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, In, Mg, Tl, Hg, Zn for arc transfer and discharge vessel wall heating; and at least one rare-earth halide for the generation of radiation. The lamp is designed in such a way that the light generated is dominated by molecular radiation.

Abstract: A ceramic metal halide lamp (1) of the present invention has a ceramic discharge tube (3) and two electrodes (4, 5) mounted in an outer glass envelope (2). The discharge tube (3) is filled with mercury, a starting gas such as xenon and a mixture of metal iodides including in weight percent (wt. %): about 5-35% sodium iodide, about 1-6% thallium iodide, about 55-86% thulium iodide and/or dysprosium iodide, about 0-15% calcium iodide and about 0-31% of dysprosium and/or holmium iodide. The lamp has a light output characterized by a relatively high color temperature (around 5000K or higher), making it suitable for use as a daylight lamp.

Abstract: The low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp has a light-transmitting discharge vessel (2) enclosing, in a gastight manner, a discharge space (1) provided with a filling of mercury and a rare gas. The discharge vessel comprises discharge means (8) for maintaining a discharge in the discharge space (1). The discharge vessel comprises dispenser means (20) for controllably dispensing hydrogen into the discharge space. The hydrogen gas pressure is in the range between 10?3 Pa and 10 Pa. Preferably, the hydrogen gas pressure is in the range between 10?2 Pa and 1 Pa. A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a good maintenance is obtained.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp having a high pressure quartz arc tube in which the electrodes are non-thoriated.

Abstract: A metal halide fill for forming an ionizable fill comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and metal halides, the fill comprising the constituents Hg halide, Na halide, Tl halide and halides of the rare earths. This fill may be contained in particular in the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp which has an outer bulb.

Abstract: A lamp includes a discharge sustaining fill which includes cesium halide, one of indium halide and thallium halide, optionally gadolinium halide and a rare earth halide component selected from dysprosium halide, holmium halide, thulium halide, and neodymium halide. In operation without a jacket, the lamp may have a color temperature of from 7,000K to 14,000K and a color rendering index of at least 70 when operated at an arc wall loading in excess of about 2 W/mm2.

Abstract: A low wattage mercury vapor lamp comprises a discharge vessel (10) including a tubular body (12), first and second electrodes (20, 22) and two end walls (16, 18), which close opposite ends of the tubular body. The discharge vessel contains an ionizable fill material having a concentration of mercury of from 0.10 to 0.20 mg/mm3. The discharge vessel operates at elevated pressures of from 80 to 170 atmospheres at power of 20 watts resulting in improved lumen maintenance and reduced through-life color shift.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp of the present invention has an arc tube formed of ceramic and a pair of opposing electrodes. This lamp includes a Pr (praseodymium) halide, a Na (sodium) halide, and a Ca (calcium) halide enclosed within the arc tube. The Pr halide content Hp [mol], the Na halide content Hn [mol], and the Ca halide content Hc [mol] satisfy the relationships of 0.4?Hc/Hp?15.0 and 3.0?Hn/Hp?25.0.

Abstract: A low-pressure gas discharge lamp provided with a gas discharge vessel comprising a gas filling with a discharge-maintaining composition comprising a discharge maintaining compound selected from the group formed by the compounds of aluminum, gallium, indium and thallium, an additive selected from the group of elemental zinc, cadmium and mercury and a buffer gas, which low-pressure gas discharge lamp is further provided with means for generating and maintaining a low-pressure gas discharge.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp (10) includes a discharge vessel (12) which may be formed of a ceramic material. The vessel defines an interior space (16). An ionizable fill is disposed in the interior space. The ionizable fill includes an inert gas and a halide component. The halide component includes a sodium halide, a cerium halide, at least one of a thallium halide and an indium halide, and optionally a cesium halide. The cerium halide is at least about 9 mol % of the halide component. At least one electrode (18, 20) is positioned within the discharge vessel so as to energize the fill when an electric current is applied thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high pressure discharge lamp intended for use in assimilation lighting. According to the invention the high-pressure discharge lamp has a discharge vessel, which besides a buffer gas, comprises substantially LiI as metal halide or a mixture of LiI and NaI.

Abstract: A low-pressure discharge lamp (1) is provided that includes a glass tube (2) having an inner diameter in a range of 1 to 5 mm and a pair of electrodes (3) disposed at end portions in the glass tube (2). The pair of electrodes (3) contain at least one transition metal selected from transition metals of Groups IV to VI. Mercury and a rare gas containing argon and neon are sealed in an inner portion of the glass tube (2). A relationship between a cathode glow discharge density J and a composition index ? of the sealed rare gas of the low-pressure discharge lamp (1) satisfies the following expression ??J=I/(S·P2)?1.5? (where S represents an effective discharge surface area (mm2) of an electrode, I represents a RMS lamp current (mA), P represents a pressure (kPa) of a sealed rare gas, and ? represents a composition index of a sealed rare gas that is a constant expressed by ?=(90.5A+3.4N)×10?3 when a total of a composition ratio A of argon and a composition ratio N of neon is expressed by A+N=1).

Abstract: A high-pressure gas discharge lamp (HID [high intensity discharge] lamp) is described which is in particular free from mercury and suitable for use in automobile technology. The lamp is remarkable in particular for a discharge space (2) which has a volume which is reduced by a given factor in comparison with the volume of the discharge space of known mercury-containing discharge lamps. The quantity of the light-generating substances in the discharge space (2) is reduced by the same factor in the simplest case, or even more strongly. This avoids the risk of an impairment of the imaging properties of the lamp because of non-evaporated light-generating substances which may shade off a portion of the luminous discharge arc (21) and/or the tips of the electrodes (3).

Abstract: The metal halide lamp has a ceramic discharge vessel and contains two groups of metal halides: a first group made up of the emitters and a second group made up of the wetters. The second group comprises at least one of the metal halides of Mg or Yb.

Abstract: In the metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp for stage, film and television lighting systems and for projection technology and effect lighting, the discharge vessel contains dysprosium and cesium as fill metals for the metal halides. Optimum results for dimmability, arc instability and color rendering are achieved if the fill additionally includes 0.12 to 3.8 ?mol of vanadium and if appropriate 0.05 to 1.0 ?mol of zirconium per ml of vessel volume. These metals achieve improved color rendering, in particular red rendering, with an Ra of from 70 to 95 and an R9 of from 45 to 90.

Abstract: An arc tube for a discharge lamp has a closed chamber filled with rare gas and a metal halide containing at least Na halide or Sc halide, and electrodes, wherein sealing pressure of the rare gas is 0.6 MPa or more, and a sealing density of the Sc halide in the closed chamber is ranging from 1.25 to 4.70 mg/ml. In the arc tube, since the Xe gas sealing pressure slightly higher than 0.6 MPa, the pressure in the closed chamber is increased during its lightening state. Thus, reactions leading to a flicker occurrence may be accelerated. However, the flicker occurrence can be suppressed by setting the Sc halide sealing density to 4.70 mg/ml or less. Further, a luminous efficiency required for the lamp can be assured by setting the Sc halide sealing density to 1.25 mg/ml or more.

Abstract: A metal halide fill for forming an ionizable fill comprising at least one inert gas, mercury, and at least one halogen, the fill additionally comprising the following constituents: Mn halide and V halide. This fill may in particular be present in the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp.

Abstract: An arc lamp assembly which includes in combination a reflector and a light source which is surrounded by said reflector. A dichroic coating on the reflector functions to reflect radiation in the range of about 300 to 600 nm. The light source is an arc lamp which contains a metal halide fill component which includes a mixture of scandium iodide, or other suitable lanthanide, indium iodide and cesium iodide, whereby the lamp assembly emits effective amounts of UV radiation to cure selected chemical compositions. The fill mixture, which contains no sodium component, contributes to improved lamp life and a reduction in passive lamp failure over halide fill mixtures which contain sodium iodide as a fill component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal halide discharge lamp which essentially permits disusing mercury. The metal halide discharge lamp comprises a refractory and transparent hermetic vessel, a pair of electrodes fixed to the hermetic vessel, and a discharge medium sealed in the hermetic vessel and containing a first halide, a second halide and a rare gas, the first halide being a halide of a metal which achieves a desired light emission, the second halide having a relatively high vapor pressure, being at least one halide of a metal which is unlikely to emit a visible light compared with the metal of the first halide, and acting as a buffer gas.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a flash lamp unit with a long service life which allows a high radiant efficiency to be obtained and a flash radiation device demonstrating excellent flash radiant performance despite a small size, and the flash lamp unit comprises a flash lamp having mercury sealed in a discharge container, wherein preheating means is provided for preheating the flash lamp, the quantity of contained mercury in the flash lamp is in the range of 0.2 to 55 mg/cm3, and the flash lamp is ignited under the specified conditions, and the flash radiation device comprises the above-described flash lamp as a light source.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high pressure discharge lamp which is provided with a discharge tube containing a pair of electrodes therein and being filled with mercury, an inert gas and a halogen gas, the amount of the mercury filled being 0.12 to 0.35 mg/mm3, the halogen gas being at least one gas selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I and being present in an amount of 10?7 to 10?2 ?mol/mm3, and the electrodes being mainly composed of tungsten, and the tungsten as a material of the electrodes contains not more than 12 ppm of potassium oxide (K2O). In such a high pressure discharge lamp, blackening of the discharge tube due to the potassium oxide (K2O) contained in the tungsten, and decrease in illumination maintenance can be prevented, thus providing a high pressure discharge lamp with a long lifetime, a lighting optical apparatus using the high pressure discharge lamp as a light source, and an image display system using the lighting optical apparatus.

Abstract: An arc lamp assembly which includes in combination a reflector and a light source which is surrounded by said reflector. A dichroic coating on the reflector functions to reflect radiation in the range of about 300 to 600 nm. The light source is an arc lamp which contains a metal halide fill component which includes a mixture of scandium iodide, or other suitable lanthanide, indium iodide and cesium iodide, whereby the lamp assembly emits effective amounts of UV radiation to cure selected chemical compositions. The fill mixture, which contains no sodium component, contributes to improved lamp life and a reduction in passive lamp failure over halide fill mixtures which contain sodium iodide as a fill component.

Abstract: In order to achieve a discharge lamp suited to operate under reduced nominal power of e.g. 20-30 W, a lamp is proposed with two electrodes (24) arranged at a distance in a discharge vessel (20, 120) for generating an arc discharge. The discharge vessel (20,120) has a filling with a substantially free of mercury and comprises a metal halide and a rare gas. The lamp (10, 110) further comprises an outer bulb (18) arranged around the discharge vessel at a distance (d2). The outer bulb (18) is sealed and has a gas filling of a thermal conductivity (?). The inner diameter (d1) of the discharge vessel is preferably in a range from 2-2.7 mm. The wall thickness (w1) is in a range from 1.4-2 mm. A heat transition coefficient (?/d2) is calculated as thermal conductivity (?) at 800° C. of the outer bulb filling divided by the distance (d2). The so-defined heat 10 transition coefficient is below 150 W/(m2K).