Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a display device and a display driving method. Specifically, there may be provided a display driving method including detecting a driving current per block unit, for a display panel where a plurality of subpixels are disposed, scaling driving current data per block unit to driving current data per subpixel unit, calculating first compensation data by comparing the driving current data per subpixel unit with target data, calculating final compensation data by comparing the first compensation data with guide data, and compensating for a characteristic value for the plurality of subpixels based on the final compensation data.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a first current mirror having an output end coupled to a first node, a second current mirror having an output end coupled to a second node, a third current mirror having an input end coupled to the second node and an output end coupled to the first node, a fourth current mirror having an input end coupled to the first node, and an output driver that generate a current based on the fourth current mirror. A current flows to the first current source changes at a first ratio with respect to temperature, a current flows to the second current source changes at a second ratio having a negative correlation with respect to temperature, and an absolute value of the first ratio is smaller than that of the second ratio.

Abstract: A compensation method for an electroluminescent display panel, a driving device, a display device, and a storage medium are provided. The compensation method includes: receiving a first display data signal; performing an optical compensation operation on the first display data signal to obtain a second display data signal; performing an electrical compensation operation on the second display data signal to obtain a third display data signal; and outputting the third display data signal for display.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an image display apparatus. The image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a controller to output an image signal and a first DC power; and a display to receive the image signal, the first DC power, and a second DC power, wherein the display includes: a first interface to receive the image signal and the first DC power; a timing controller to output a data driving signal and a gate driving signal; a panel to display an image; a second interface to receive a second DC power; a backlight to output light to the panel based on the second DC power; and a first current detector to detect a first current based on the first DC, wherein the controller determines that the timing controller or the panel is failed, when the detected first current deviates from a first allowable range. Accordingly, it is possible to easily determine whether there is a failure in the image display apparatus that can be installed externally.

Abstract: An OLED external compensation circuit of a depletion type TFT includes a first thin film transistor, a second thin film transistor, a capacitor, an organic light emitting diode, and a compensation circuit. The second thin film transistor is of a depletion type. The compensation circuit is connected with a first node and a second node. A reset signal is inputted into the compensation circuit. The OLED external compensation circuit is suitable for a depletion type TFT in view of the complicated characteristics of the conventional designs of the depletion type TFT and the OLED external compensation. Other examples of the OLED external compensation circuit of another depletion type TFT are also provided and help reduce the cost of the system chip, thereby achieving cost reduction. The OLED external compensation circuit is compatible with an enhanced TFT circuit of which Vth is positive.

Abstract: The present embodiments may provide a display device that includes a display panel; a data driver configured to include a plurality of driver Integrated Circuits (ICs) configured to supply a data signal to the display panel and to be present on the display panel, and to have a first characteristic and a second characteristic corresponding to variation between at least two driver ICs among the plurality of driver ICs; and a controller configured to supply a first voltage and a second voltage to the data driver, to identify change values of the first characteristic and the second characteristic corresponding to the first voltage and the second voltage, and to change the first characteristic and the second characteristic corresponding to the change values, and may provide a method for operating the same.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system comprising a luminaire and a power pack is used to replace the luminaire operated only in a normal mode with alternate-current (AC) mains. The luminaire comprises LED arrays and a power supply whereas the power pack comprises a rechargeable battery, a charging circuit, an LED driving circuit, and a self-diagnostic circuit. According to availability of the AC mains, the LED lighting system can auto-select to work in an emergency mode when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises multiple timers and multiple detection circuits and is configured to provide a sequence and to auto-test battery charge and discharge current according to the sequence. In another embodiment, the luminaire power pack is integrated into an enhanced LED luminaire to support such dual mode operations.

Abstract: An exterior aircraft light unit includes a power input coupleable to an aircraft on-board power supply; at least one LED coupled to the power input for receiving power from the aircraft on-board power supply and configured to emit a light output; an optical sensor arranged for sensing an intensity detection portion of the light output and configured to output a detection signal indicative of an intensity level of the light output; an end of life detector, coupled to the optical sensor for receiving the detection signal and configured to determine an end of life condition; and a fuse circuit coupled to the end of life detector; wherein the fuse circuit is configured to irreversibly disable an LED circuit board upon the end of life detector communicating the end of life condition to the fuse circuit.

Abstract: A system for and method of regulating the current through a string of LEDs using differential current regulating circuits such that certain segments of the string produce more light output than other segments to regulate the color temperature of the total light output by the string such that a warm dim function may be enabled.

Abstract: A lighting fixture system for lamps includes one or more lamps and one or more ballasts configured to provide controlled power to the one or more lamps. The lighting fixture further includes a controller wired to the lighting fixture. The controller includes one or more relays configured to turn power provided to the one or more ballasts on and off such that the one or more lamps turn on and off with the switching of the one or more relays. The controller further includes a logic circuit configured to control the switching of the one or more relays, wherein the logic circuit is configured to log usage information for the lighting fixture in memory. The controller yet further includes communications electronics configured to output the logged usage information.

Abstract: A lighting circuit which supplies current to a solid-state light-emitting element module (LED module) including: a solid-state light-emitting element (LED); a first input terminal connected to one end of the solid-state light-emitting element; a second input terminal connected to another end of the solid-state light-emitting element; and a rectifying element (diode) connected in inverse-parallel connection with the solid-state light-emitting element, includes; a power supplier that supplies current to the solid-state light-emitting element module selectively in one of a forward direction and a reverse direction of the solid-state light-emitting element; a voltage detector circuit that detects voltage that is applied between the first input terminal and the second input terminal, when the power supplier supplies current in the reverse direction of the solid-state light-emitting element; and a control circuit that controls an output current of the power supplier based on the result of the detection by the volta

Abstract: Portable light illuminating device with RF receiver along with interactive lighting effect control system with RF transmitter via wireless data transmissions are provided. RF data burst are captured to illuminate LEDs disposed in portable light illuminating device selectively in accordance with illuminating color and zone assignment data and matching nested hierarchical zone codes, which can be assigned for seating location within one seating zone, several seating zones, and segment within one seating zone. Improvisational manual illuminating color control change for any zone assignment for color control signal can be generated and converted to set of RGB color codes as well as color control signals extracted from sound track using color show control software from PC/laptop can be encoded and sequenced using lighting controller to be transmitted to wireless RF transmitter for broadcasting as data burst. DMX controller and PC/Laptop can also be part of the interactive lighting effect control system.

Abstract: A dimmable alternating current (AC) driven light emitting diode (LED) illuminating apparatus including a TRIAC dimmer configured to perform a dimming control using a phase control.

Abstract: A switching power supply achieves simultaneously achieves suppression of surge voltage and satisfactory transient response. The switching power supply comprises a switching element connected to a primary winding of an isolation transformer, a resonance capacitor connected to the switching element, an output capacitor connected to a secondary winding of the isolation transformer through a rectifying diode, and a control circuit ON/OFF driving the switching element. The control circuit includes a restart circuit that delivers a restart signal to turn ON the switching element after a predetermined time from turning OFF of the switching element has passed. The control circuit also includes an initial operation setting circuit that sets a delay time in the restart circuit to be longer in a start up period of the power supply than in a normal operation time after the end of the startup period.

Abstract: A semiconductor light source control device includes a driver circuit, which generates a drive current Iout flowing through a plurality of LEDs connected in series and which performs control such that the amount of the drive current is brought close to a target value, and bypass switches, which are on-off controlled by a control signal, the bypass switches being connected in parallel with the corresponding LEDs. The semiconductor light source control device is configured such that when the control signal indicates the off-state of the bypass switches, a voltage across the corresponding LEDs is clamped at an upper limit by using the bypass switches.

Abstract: A system for identifying a fault in a light source is presented. The system includes at least one luminaire that includes the light source configured to emit light. Also, the at least one luminaire includes a monitoring device disposed proximate to the light source. The monitoring device includes a sensing unit configured to measure an amount of light emitted by the light source, and a squawk unit configured to generate a squawk signal based on the amount of light emitted from the light source, where the squawk signal is indicative of the fault in the light source. Further, the system includes a diagnostic unit communicatively coupled to the at least one luminaire and configured to determine the fault in the light source based on the squawk signal, and transmit a termination signal to the squawk unit to decouple an electrical power supply from the light source.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device, can include a panel, a driving unit driving the panel, a timing controller controlling the driving unit, a power supply supplying power to the panel, a current detection unit detecting a current flowing through power line wiring of the panel and outputting the detected currents, and a power controller comparing the detected current with a current value configured internally and outputting a shutdown signal which turns off the power supply if the detected current exceeds the predetermined current value.

Abstract: End-of-life indicators for lamps, and methods for indicating the end-of-life for lamps, are provided. A solid state light source end-of-life indicator is located on the exterior of a housing of a lamp, and includes at least one light emitting diode. The solid state light source end-of-life indicator emits light at the end of the life of the lamp. The solid state light source end-of-life indicator may emit light upon receiving an end-of-life signal from an end-of-life detection circuit, which detects when the lamp is at an end of its life.

Abstract: A non-contact and non-disposable electric induction LED lamp includes a power source and a luminous-radiating unit combined together. The power source is formed with a power source module electrically connected with a first electric induction plate, while the luminous-radiating unit is provided with a second electric induction plate corresponding with the first electric induction plate and electrically connected with an LED module. Thus, the electricity of the power source can be transmitted to the luminous-radiating unit via electromagnetic induction produced between the first and the second electric induction plates to enable the LED module to emit light. The LED lamp of this invention can partially be replaced conveniently and has water proof and dustproof effects.

Abstract: The invention relates to supervision circuits (10) for supervising organic light emitting diode devices (1) via detection circuits (20) for detecting failure states of the organic light emitting diode devices (1) and for generating decision signals in response to detected failure states of the organic light emitting diode devices (1), which detected failure states have durations equal to or larger than time intervals. In response to the decision signals, the organic light emitting diode devices (1) can be bypassed and deactivated through switching circuits (30) such as bi-stable circuits. The failure states may include that the organic light emitting diode devices (1) have a relatively low impedance or “short” and a relatively high impedance or “open”. The supervision circuit (10) further prevents the organic light emitting diode devices (1) from being bypassed unjustly.

Abstract: A semiconductor chip includes an LED driver circuit operably coupled to at least one LED and configured to supply a load current to the at least one LED such that an average load current matches a desired current level defined by a drive signal. A temperature measurement circuit is thermally coupled to the LED driver circuit or the LED(s) or both, and is configured to generate, as drive signal, a temperature dependent signal in such a manner that the drive signal is approximately at a higher constant level for temperatures below a first temperature, is approximately at a lower constant level for temperatures above a second temperature but below a maximum temperature, and continuously drops from the higher constant level to the lower constant level for temperatures rising from the first temperature to the second temperature.

Abstract: The present invention has been made in an effort to provide an organic light emitting display device comprising a panel; a power supply supplying power to the panel; a current detection unit detecting a current flowing through power line wiring of the panel and outputting the detected current; and a power controller comparing the detected current with a current value configured internally and outputting a shutdown signal which turns off the power supply if the detected current exceeds the predetermined current value.

Abstract: An apparatus for LED string short circuit detection constituted of: a constant current drive circuit; a plurality of LED strings, a first end of each of the plurality of LED strings coupled to a common output of the constant current drive circuit; a first sense resistor coupled between a second end of each of the plurality of LED strings and a chassis; a second sense resistor coupled between the chassis and a return of the constant current drive circuit; and a comparing circuit arranged to compare the amount of current flow through the first sense resistor with amount of current flow through the second sense resistor, the comparing circuit arranged to assert a fault signal in the event that the amount of current flow through the second sense resistor exceeds the current flow through the first sense resistor by a predetermined minimum value.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a self identifying light source including an emitter that produces visible light; and an autonomous modulator in electrical communication with the emitter that automatically and continually modulates the visible light produced by the emitter, wherein the modulated visible light represents an identification code of the light source. In some embodiments, the emitter is a light emitting diode (LED) and further comprising an LED driver that provides a specified voltage and current to each LED in the light source.

Abstract: A dimming LED lamp having an LED light, an EMI circuit, a power-factor correction circuit, a digital switching power supply circuit, a dimming control circuit, a power supply circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, an MCU microcontroller, a RF wireless transmitter, a RF receiver circuit, an EEPROM memorizer, and a fan circuit. The brightness of the dimmable LED lamp can be dimmed through any conventional incandescent dimmers, or through any ordinary key switch, or through a wireless transmitter. The wireless transmitter can also remotely turn on the lamps or turn off the lamps, at the same time the LED lamp also has the function of brightness saving. The fan circuit uses air convection to cool the LED which has the advantages of aesthetically pleasing appearance, small size, light weight, low cost, long life, and good cooling effect.

Abstract: A method for controlling guiding, signal or alert lights, particularly signal lights for an emergency escape route in a fire situation, in which method there are controlled sequentially arranged light sources, such as LED light sources. In the method, in the first step the sequentially arranged light sources (40), which are most advantageously arranged as a light source string (4) or at least as part thereof, are activated, on the basis of a signal received from a fire detector (3), to be switched to a first mode, in which first mode the sequentially arranged light sources are used for indicating the direction of an escape route, and/or to a second mode, where the light sources (40) are switched to emit continuous light. The invention also relates to a system and a device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an LED drive circuit, which includes a protection unit, which is connected to an AC power supply; a rectification filter unit, which is electrically connected to the protection unit; a control unit, which has an end electrically connected to the rectification filter unit; an LED driving unit, which includes an LED, a first capacitor, and a transistor, the LED being connected in parallel with the first capacitor, the LED including a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the positive terminal of the LED being electrically connected to the rectification filter unit and the control unit; and a current detection feedback unit, which is arranged between the LED driving unit and the control unit. As such, the current detection feedback unit forms a protection circuit to prevent an increase of power caused by excessively high input voltage from an AC power supply.

Abstract: The present invention has been made in an effort to provide an organic light emitting display device comprising a panel; a power supply supplying power to the panel; a current detection unit detecting a current flowing through power line wiring of the panel and outputting the detected current; and a power controller comparing the detected current with a current value configured internally and outputting a shutdown signal which turns off the power supply if the detected current exceeds the predetermined current value.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a control circuit and a control method of a light emitting device circuit. When the light emitting device circuit is normally connected in normal operation, an output current is regulated to a predetermined current. When the light emitting device circuit is removed, an output voltage is regulated to a predetermined voltage. When the light emitting device circuit is reconnected, the output current is regulated to the predetermined current. The output voltage is at or above a level when the light emitting device circuit is normally connected in normal operation, and the predetermined voltage is lower than this level.

Abstract: An electronic device capable of changing color of casing includes a casing, at least parts of the casing being made of transparent light-guiding material; a light emitting module for emitting light with N colors; a thermal sensor for sensing an environmental temperature; a storage unit for storing a look-up table, the look-up table recording N temperature ranges and the N colors, each of the N colors being corresponding to one of the N temperature ranges; and a control unit electrically connected to the light emitting module, the thermal sensor and the storage unit and used for comparing the environmental temperature with the N temperature ranges of the look-up table so as to control the light emitting module to emit light with one of the N colors.

Abstract: An illumination device which responds to a human presence includes a lamp holder, a light source, an infrared sensing unit in a human body sensing module, and a driving control unit. The lamp holder defines an inserting groove according to a connector above a circuit board. The human body sensing module includes a connecting port, and is inserted into the inserting groove. The connecting port is electrically connected to the connector. The infrared sensing unit is position on the human body sensing module, for receiving a thermal radiation and emitting a signal according to the thermal radiation. The driving control unit is positioned on the human body sensing module, and electrically connected to the infrared sensing unit and the connecting port, for receiving the signal and emitting a driving signal, thus the light source is turned on or off, or changing an illumination intensity according to the driving signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring operation of an LED string. An exemplary system includes an LED string, a circuit that supplies current to the LEDs, a current measuring circuit that measures current through the LEDs, a voltage measuring circuit that measures voltage across the LEDs, and a temperature sensor that measures temperature proximate to the LEDs. A processor calculates a predicted string voltage based on a predefined voltage-current curve, number of LEDs, a predefined temperature coefficient value, the measured string current, a measured junction temperature, a life curve function, a prestored calibration string current value, a prestored calibration string voltage value, a prestored junction calibration temperature and an accumulated time value. The process also calculates an error value based on the predicted string voltage and a measured string voltage and generates an indication that there is a failure in the LED string if the calculated error value is greater than the predefined error limit.

Abstract: Provided is an ion generating device for an air-conditioner duct, which can be easily attached to the inside of an existing air conditioner duct and can ensure a desired ion generation quantity. The ion generating elements of the sub-units (3, 4, 5) of the ion generating device are connected to the drive circuit of the ion generating device main unit (2), and are driven by the drive circuit.

Abstract: A system and apparatus to reduce current peaking in notification appliances are described. The apparatus may include a current peaking compensation circuit comprising two or more transistors and one or more capacitors configured to reduce a start-up frequency of a pulse-width modulated signal during a first time period and to add a time constant decaying voltage across a resistor divider network to increase a reference voltage during the first time period. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A lighting assembly includes a lighting module labeled with an indicator. The lighting module indicator is indicative of electrical capacities of the lighting module. A driver is provided to power the lighting module. The driver is labeled with an indicator indicative of electrical capacities of the driver. The lighting module indicator and the driver indicator are compared to determine whether the driver has electrical capacities that enable the driver to power the lighting module. A cable electrically couples the driver and the lighting module. The cable has an indicator indicative of electrical capacities of the cable. The cable indicator is compared to the driver indicators and the lighting module indicator to determine whether the cable has electrical capacities that enable the cable to convey power from the driver to the lighting module.

Abstract: A fault-tolerant controller for a lighting system comprising: a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) circuits and a controllable power source to power the plurality of LED circuits. The controller comprising a minimum voltage selector to determine a minimum voltage from a plurality of feedback voltages, one feedback voltage for each of the plurality of LED circuits. A control logic to regulate the drive voltage for the LEDs; and an overvoltage warning mechanism to determine an overvoltage of the drive voltage. The controller identifies one or more open-circuit conditions, one for each LED circuit, for which the respective feedback voltage is below an open-circuit threshold, and which causes the minimum voltage selector to exclude one or more respective feedback voltages associated with the LED circuits which have an open-circuit condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides an LED current balance apparatus, which utilities capacitances coupled to secondary windings of a transformer to store voltage differences between LED strings. Thereby, the driving voltages applied to LED strings are respectively modulated to make the LED strings flowing through a same driving current. A current regulating apparatus is coupled to all LED strings to stabilize total current of the LED strings at a predetermined current.

Abstract: The invention relates to supervision circuits (10) for supervising organic light emitting diode devices (1) via detection circuits (20) for detecting failure states of the organic light emitting diode devices (1) and for generating decision signals in response to detected failure states of the organic light emitting diode devices (1), which detected failure states have durations equal to or larger than time intervals. In response to the decision signals, the organic light emitting diode devices (1) can be bypassed and deactivated through switching circuits (30) such as bi-stable circuits. The failure states may include that the organic light emitting diode devices (1) have a relatively low impedance or “short” and a relatively high impedance or “open”. The supervision circuit (10) further prevents the organic light emitting diode devices (1) from being bypassed unjustly.

Abstract: An apparatus for LED string short circuit detection constituted of: a constant current drive circuit; a plurality of LED strings, a first end of each of the plurality of LED strings coupled to a common output of the constant current drive circuit; a first sense resistor coupled between a second end of each of the plurality of LED strings and a chassis; a second sense resistor coupled between the chassis and a return of the constant current drive circuit; and a comparing circuit arranged to compare the amount of current flow through the first sense resistor with amount of current flow through the second sense resistor, the comparing circuit arranged to assert a fault signal in the event that the amount of current flow through the second sense resistor exceeds the current flow through the first sense resistor by a predetermined minimum value.

Abstract: End-of-life indicators for lamps, and methods for indicating the end-of-life for lamps, are provided. A solid state light source end-of-life indicator is located on the exterior of a housing of a lamp, and includes at least one light emitting diode. The solid state light source end-of-life indicator emits light at the end of the life of the lamp. The solid state light source end-of-life indicator may emit light upon receiving an end-of-life signal from an end-of-life detection circuit, which detects when the lamp is at an end of its life.

Abstract: An illumination circuit includes a series circuit including light sources connected in series between a high voltage node and a low voltage node, and break-protecting circuits. Each break-protecting circuit includes a control circuit and a bypass circuit. The bypass circuit is connected in parallel to at least one corresponding light source of the light sources.

Abstract: Power is stored in a networked light allowing the networked light to send a message over the network providing information that the networked light is turning off if external power is no longer available.

Abstract: A system and apparatus to reduce current peaking in notification appliances are described. The apparatus may include a current peaking compensation circuit comprising two or more transistors and one or more capacitors configured to reduce a start-up frequency of a pulse-width modulated signal during a first time period and to add a time constant decaying voltage across a resistor divider network to increase a reference voltage during the first time period. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An arc protection circuit is provided for a current-fed, parallel-resonant inverter ballast, the circuit having a lamp signal sensing circuit coupled across one or more lamps and designed to detect a signal through the lamps, a shutdown circuit coupled to the sensing circuit and operable to disable the ballast in response to a disturbance such as an arc in the detected signal, at least a portion of the shutdown circuit defining a first time delay from detection of the disturbance in the signal during which the ballast operates normally, and after which the ballast may be disabled in response to the disturbance; and an automatic restart circuit coupled to the shutdown circuit and operable to enable restarting of the ballast, at least a portion of the restart circuit defining a second time delay during which the ballast remains disabled, after which the ballast may be restarted.

Abstract: End-of-life indicators for lamps, and methods for indicating the end-of-life for lamps, are provided. A solid state light source end-of-life indicator is located on the exterior of a housing of a lamp, and includes at least one light emitting diode. The solid state light source end-of-life indicator emits light at the end of the life of the lamp. The solid state light source end-of-life indicator may emit light upon receiving an end-of-life signal from an end-of-life detection circuit, which detects when the lamp is at an end of its life.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device according to the present invention comprises a display unit; a power supply unit; a driving unit including an output buffer generating the reference voltage and applying the reference voltage to the pixels, and generating a current path control signal in a different logic level along with controlling whether to operate the power IC according to an operating mode; and a leakage current cut-off unit switching a current path between the output terminal of the power supply unit and the input terminal of the OLED driving voltage according to the current path control signal.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present circuit and method disclose a circuit to bypass a target circuit when an open status is detected. The present circuit may comprise a sample circuit, a monitoring circuit and a bypass circuit. The sample circuit may comprise a capacitor coupled to the target circuit. The monitoring circuit may be coupled to the capacitor and may have an output configured to generate an output signal selectively indicating the open status. The bypass circuit may comprise a switch, wherein the switch has a control terminal coupled to the output of the monitoring circuit and wherein the switch may be configured to be selectively turned ON to bypass the target circuit in accordance with the output of the monitoring circuit.

Abstract: The present technology is generally related to LED bypass circuits and associated methods of operation. In one embodiment, an LED bypass circuit includes a monitoring circuit and a bypass switch. The monitoring circuit is coupled to the LED to monitor the differential voltage across the LED. The bypass switch is coupled to the LED in parallel. When an open status is detected by the monitoring circuit, the bypass switch is turned on to bypass the LED.

Abstract: An electrodeless lamp protecting device installed between an electrodeless lamp and a power source comprises a substrate having a feedback signal input module, a signal level determination module and a protection signal output module installed on the substrate. A signal of the power source is transmitted from the feedback signal input module to the signal level determination module, and the signal serves as a reference for an output signal of the protection signal output module, such that the electrodeless lamp has an automatic protection function upon the receipt of an abnormal signal.

Abstract: A lighting system (1) comprises a power unit (20) for producing data-modulated current, and a light unit (10) receiving this current at its input and output terminals (11, 12). The light unit comprises two or more light modules (100A; 100B; 100C) connected in series. Each light module comprises: a LED string (110) of one or more LEDs (111, 112, 113) connected between module input and output terminals (101, 102), each LED having an associated controllable shunt switch (121, 122, 123) connected in parallel thereto; a module controller (190) for controlling the shunt switches, the module controller (190) having a input terminals (191, 192) connected to said module input and output terminals, respectively. The module controller demodulates the data and controls the switches on the basis of an action command contained therein, if an address information contained therein matches the unique controller address.