Abstract: A display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; a plurality of inspection pads in the non-display area; and a plurality of resistors, each located at an outermost edge of a respective inspection pad of the plurality of inspection pads, each of the resistors being located at a distance from the display area, the inspection pad located between the resistor and the display area, and the resistor located at the outermost edge of the non-display area.

Abstract: A parallel connectable light control system has a first driver and a second driver. A dimming control interface in the first driver. The dimming control interface has a sensor side signal and the dimming signal internal output. The dimming signal internal output outputs to a dimming signal external output. The sensor side signal outputs to a sensor side signal output. The second driver receives the dimming signal external output into a dimming control interface of the second driver.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein comprise a driver unit for driving a load including a plurality of load elements. In one example, the driver unit comprises a plurality of driver devices connected to the load elements for driving the load elements individually. The driver unit comprises a control interface for receiving a power control signal. Each driver device comprises a driver interface connected to the control interface for receiving the power control signal including single general power demand to be set by the driver unit, and each driver device is adapted to determine an individual power level on the basis of the single general power demand and to drive the load elements according to the individual power signal, so that at least one of the plurality of driver devices is configured to be switched off when the single general power demand is decreased.

Abstract: The semiconductor light source driving apparatus includes light source modules, a current control element, a second current detection element, a DC power supply, and a controller. The light source modules each include the following components connected in parallel: a semiconductor light source; a first constant-voltage diode; a series circuit of a first current detection element and a second constant-voltage diode with a lower breakdown voltage than the first constant-voltage diode; and a switching element. The controller controls the DC power supply based on a detection output of the second current detection element. After the first current detection element generates a output in response to an open fault in any of the semiconductor light sources, and then the current control element is turned off, the controller turns on the switching element of the light source module with the open fault, thereby allowing the current control element to be controlled.

Abstract: A voltage regulator module (VRM) includes a first interface configured to couple to a first substrate interface at a first voltage. The VRM also includes a second interface configured to couple to a first processor interface at a second voltage. A first regulator module couples to the first interface and to the second interface. The first regulator module is configured to receive power at the first interface, to convert power to the second voltage, and to deliver power to the first processor interface at the second voltage. A method for providing power to a processor includes receiving power from a first substrate interface at a first voltage. The received power is regulated to generate power at a second voltage. The regulated power is provided to a processor at a first processor interface coupled to the processor. The processor interface delivers power to a logic group of a plurality of logic groups of the processor.

Abstract: An addressable illuminator is disclosed consisting of multiple optical sources used in combination with an electrical circuit so that different combinations of the optical sources can be energized without exceeding eye-safety limits. Operation of multiple optical sources may be proximate, which is eye-safe, regardless of the number of or which ones of the optical sources are energized and regardless of the position of observers. An illuminator with multiple optical sources remains eye-safe when there are single-point electrical failures, such as short circuits, in the driving circuit. Monitoring or a feedback loop for the output power is not required or necessary to control the distance of an observer in order to be eye-safe.

Abstract: An LED drive circuit that can increase the amount of light with a compact structure. This circuit includes series-connected LEDs, first and second DC power supplies connected in series so as to apply a forward bias to the LEDs, a coil that is series-connected with the LEDs and can accumulate energy from current generated by the DC power supplies, a rectifying element whose cathode is connected between the DC power supplies, a transfer switching element connected to the anode of the rectifying element, and a control apparatus for controlling the transfer switching element. A first closed circuit is formed by the LEDs, the DC power supplies, and the coil when the transfer switching element is switched on by the control apparatus, and a second closed circuit is formed by the LEDs, the second DC power supply, the coil, and the rectifying element when the transfer switching element is switched off.

Abstract: One aspect relates to combining an at least one primary general illumination lighting with an at least one LED-based secondary general illumination lighting. The aspect further comprises sensing an at least one sensed electric characteristics used to produce the at least one primary general illumination lighting. The aspect further comprises controlling an optical characteristic of the at least one LED-based secondary general illumination lighting at least partially responsive to the sensing the at least one sensed electric characteristics used to produce the at least one primary general illumination lighting.

Abstract: A LED string is divided into segments that each have a bypass-switch and a driver for the bypass-switch. The driver is powered by a supply voltage locally generated from the forward-voltages of the LEDs of the segment.

Abstract: A LED driving topology includes a LED array and a current source connected in series between two power inputs receiving a positive voltage and a negative voltage respectively. This topology increases the voltage difference across the LED array and hence has the capability of lighting up more serially connected LEDs, without requiring an additional boost circuit or a high voltage. In addition, the circuit of the current source can be made by a low-voltage manufacturing process.

Abstract: An LED lamp driven by alternating current includes at least a first constant-current supplying device, at least a second constant-current supplying device and at least an LED load. A terminal of the first constant-current supplying device is connected to the first connecting terminal of the AC power source. A terminal of the second constant-current supplying device is connected to the second connecting terminal of the AC power source. The LED load is connected between the first constant-current supplying device and the second constant-current supplying device in series. Through the current limiting function of the first constant-current supplying device and the second constant-current supplying device, the LED lamp may be protected.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system are disclosed for supplying power to a load such as a plurality of light emitting diodes. An exemplary apparatus comprises a primary module, a first secondary module couplable to a first load, and a second secondary module couplable to a second load. The primary module comprises a transformer having a transformer primary. The first secondary module comprises a first transformer secondary magnetically coupled to the transformer primary, and the second secondary module comprises a second transformer secondary magnetically coupled to the transformer primary, with the second secondary module couplable in series through the first or second load to the first secondary module. When energized by a power source, the first secondary module has a first voltage polarity and is couplable in a series with the first load configured to have an opposing, second voltage polarity, which substantially offset each other to provide a comparatively low resultant voltage level.

Abstract: In a light emitting indicator drive circuit which supplies a current to display elements different in display areas, a current control circuit controls the supply current of a constant-current source which is caused by a p-channel MOS-FET which supplies a current to a display element. The current control circuit controls the off-operation of the FET. A signal processing circuit calculates the deterioration data from a deterioration detecting circuit and saved segment area data to decide a supply current value to display elements as a result of the arithmetic operation. With the above operation, a difference in luminance between the display elements and the degradation of luminance caused by the deterioration can be corrected.

Abstract: In a driving circuit for a plurality of light-emitting diodes, in which the current (ILED) through each of the light-emitting diodes can be set by a respective current source, and in which a plurality of current sources are combined in an integrated circuit, a plurality of current sources have a common series resistor for reducing the power loss in the individual current sources.

Abstract: A field emission display ("FED") is disclosed having a gray scale range. Input into the FED, initially, is an analog signal input. The FED, by employing an analog to pulse width converter, subsequently converts the analog input to a pulse width output, the width of which directly correlates to the amplitude of the analog input signal. To achieve this design, the analog to pulse width converter comprises a sampler for sampling the analog signal at a predetermined frequency, thereby creating a plurality of samples corresponding to the input voltage. Further, the converter comprises means for holding each of the samples. The output of the holding means is subsequently coupled with a load responsive to the output of the holding means. In one embodiment of the present invention, this load comprises a voltage controlled resistance. The voltage controlled resistance can comprise a convertor for converting each of the samples to a current source and a load for creating a voltage ramp.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a power supply are disclosed for generating plasmas. Current controlled power sources are disclosed that are capable of generating currents in low resistance, high temperature plasmas that are regulated to prevent the generation of excessive currents in the plasma. Current reversing switches are provided that control the flow of a direct current in a plasma chamber between various electrodes. A single current controlled power source capable of providing a substantially constant direct current can be utilized with various switch configurations to provide current that is delivered through three or more electrodes in a plasma chamber. Multiple power sources are also provided in association with shunt switches for delivering a plurality of sources of direct current in various directions between electrodes in a plasma chamber.

Abstract: An electronic switching circuit with driver which may be used to turn on an incandescent light after a predetermined delay and which circuit output may be utilized to trigger either itself or a like circuit connected in series. The electronic circuitry may optionally be contained within an electrical socket which provides both trigger input and output leads whereby the electrical sockets may then be connected in series to produce a cascade lighting system.

Abstract: This invention relates to fluorescent lamp controllers and dimming controls for use therewith and more particularly to the provision of a dimming control which provides protective isolation between input terminals and lamp energizing circuitry and which facilitates accurate and safe control of light intensity over a wide range. The invention provides dimming controls which are efficient and highly reliable and are readily and economically available.

Abstract: A dimming system, which provides a time-varying current from a power source between the electrodes of a gas discharge lamp, simultaneously provides high-frequency, low-level current between the electrodes to sustain an electric discharge in the lamp when the time varying current alone is insufficient. The system provides reduced starting stress in the lamp and, therefore, longer lamp life by delaying the formation of an arc discharge, during start-up, until the electrodes have been heated. The system can be used with standard magnetic ballasts to provide full-range dimming of gas discharge lamps from 3 to 100 percent light output with minimal striations, lamp drop out, and flicker.

Abstract: An arrangement for the current limitation during the current supply of electrically excited gas lasers includes a rotary current transformer, self-inductances provided in front of a rotary current bridge rectifier, and a capacitor, if desired. In each phase conductor an inductance is provided between the secondary side of the rotary current transformer preferably working at power frequency and the rotary current bridge rectifier.

Abstract: A light emitting diode display device is disclosed having a semiconductor substrate of a predetermined conductivity type, semiconductor films provided on the substrate and having a conductivity type opposite to that of the substrate, light emitting diode elements provided on the semiconductor films and each having a P-N junction, the above-mentioned semiconductor films functioning as first electrodes for the light emitting diode elements, second electrodes each provided on the upper surface of each light emitting diode element, and means for applying a reverse bias between the substrate and the first electrodes thereby to isolate the light emitting diode from one another.