Abstract: In an LED illumination system including a power supply device having a function of adjusting an amount of a supply current and an LED illumination device connected to the power supply device, the LED illumination device includes: an LED circuit; a bypass circuit; and a distribution circuit that distributes a current supplied from the power supply device at a predetermined fixed ratio regardless of a current value and supplies one part thereof to the LED circuit and the other part thereof to the bypass circuit.

Abstract: A control circuit for a voltage converter has a switch which has a multiplicity of parallel-connected current-conducting branches with resistors with different resistance values, and a contact maker. The contact maker is configured to connect selectively in each case one of the multiplicity of parallel-connected current-conducting branches to an input contact of the switch. The control circuit also includes a detector circuit which is configured to determine a voltage drop across the resistors and to output, as a function of the determined voltage drop, an actuation signal for setting a setpoint output current of the voltage converter to the voltage converter.

Abstract: Lighting apparatuses each include an apparatus communicator and an apparatus controller. The apparatus communicator wirelessly transmits and receives information on operations of the lighting apparatuses. The apparatus controller interprets: a mesh profile which is a communications protocol for the lighting apparatus to transmit and receive the information to and from another lighting apparatus and a communication terminal forming a mesh network, and a user profile which is a communications protocol for the lighting apparatus and the communication terminal to communicate with each other, the user profile being set depending on the communication terminal.

Abstract: A projection apparatus and a light source module are provided. The light source module includes a light-emitting element string, a shunt module, and a control circuit. A first shunt circuit, a second shunt circuit, and a third shunt circuit of the shunt module are coupled to the light-emitting element string, and are adapted to provide a first shunt path, a second shunt path or a third shunt path, such that the light-emitting element string is still maintained to normally work when a light-emitting element/light-emitting elements is/are malfunctioned.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for synchronous driving of multi-channel light emitting diodes capable of driving all light emitting diodes at the same time regardless of an input voltage level. The apparatus includes: a rectification unit rectifying an AC voltage; a multi-channel light emitting diode unit including at least a first light emitting diode and a second light emitting diode, and being driven by receiving the rectified current; a current sensor unit sensing a current flowing in the first light emitting diode; a current mirror unit mirroring the current sensed by the current sensor, and supplying the mirrored current to the second first light emitting diode; and a sequential current driving unit connected to the first light emitting diode and the second light emitting diode, providing a path to a current flowing in the first light emitting diode or in the second light emitting diode, and activating the current sensor unit.

Abstract: The dimming device includes a pair of input terminals, a bidirectional switch, an inputter, a power supply, a controller, and a current limiter. The power supply is electrically connected between the pair of input terminals and is supplied with electric power from an AC power supply to generate control electric power. The controller is supplied with the control electric power from the power supply to operate. The controller is configured to control the bidirectional switch in accordance with a dimming level. The current limiter stops generation of the control electric power by the power supply when a current larger than or equal to a specified value flows from the AC power supply through the power supply.

Abstract: Provided is a light emission device. When the size of an input voltage exceeds a minimum light emission voltage, all light emission elements emit light always irrespective of the size of a voltage, and as the size of the voltage decreases, the light emission device has a configuration in which the light emission elements are connected in parallel with each other, and as the size of the voltage increases, the light emission device has a configuration in which the light emission elements are connected in series with each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides lighting control system multi-switch apparatuses and methods. The apparatus includes a lighting control module including at least three electrical terminals. The lighting control module configured to cause a transmission of a quantity of electrical energy to a lighting circuit of a light fixture electrically connected to the lighting control module. The apparatus includes a detector circuit positioned in the lighting control module. The apparatus includes a controller in electrical communication with the detector circuit, the controller specially programmed to cause a call signal to be transmitted to a switch connected to the traveler terminal, the call signal configured to request the switch connected to the traveler terminal transmit a response signal to the controller to identify the switch connected to the traveler terminal.

Abstract: A light emitting diode system includes a light emitting diode lamp string, a signal voltage unit and a control unit. The light emitting diode lamp string includes a plurality of light emitting diode units. The control unit drives the signal voltage unit to adjust a voltage of the light emitting diode lamp string continuously and repeatedly so the voltage of the light emitting diode lamp string is a predetermined voltage, to form a light signal comprising a plurality of pulse waves to send the light signal to the light emitting diode lamp string. When each of the light emitting diode units receives the light signal, each of the light emitting diode units performs a conversion and a decoding for the light signal to obtain a lighting mode of the light signal, and then each of the light emitting diode units lights based on the lighting mode.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus using light emitting diodes is disclosed. A plurality of light-emitting groups are connected to each other in series at an output terminal of a rectification unit. Current diodes as current sources are branched from a node between the light-emitting groups. Current values set in the current diodes are set according to the amount of current flowing into the light-emitting groups. Therethrough, the amount of current flowing in each light-emitting group can be determined.

Abstract: An LED array includes three or more strings of bare LEDs mounted in close proximity to each other on a substrate. The strings of LEDs emit light of one or more wavelengths of blue, indigo and/or violet light, with peak wavelengths that are less than 490 nm. Luminescent materials deposited on each of the LED chips in the array emit light of different wavelength ranges that are of longer wavelengths than and in response to light emissions from the LED chips. A control circuit applies currents to the strings of LEDs, causing the LEDs in the strings to emit light, which causes the luminescent materials to emit light. A user interface enables users to control the currents applied by the control circuit to the strings of LEDs to achieve a Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) value and hue that are desired by users, with CIE chromaticity coordinates that lie on, or near to the black body radiation curve.

Abstract: Techniques are described to allow a low-cost light fixture to produce light with a relatively high color rendering index (CRI) across a range of color temperatures. A rectified AC voltage may be provided to multiple groups of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) having characteristics related to a range of color temperatures and a target CRI level. The multiple groups of LEDs may be controlled based on a received control signal, such that the combined groups of LEDs produce combined light having a produced color temperature within the range of color temperatures, and having a produced CRI level that is approximately the target CRI level. In some implementations, the received control signal is modified by a modification circuit, and the multiple groups of LEDs may be controlled based on the modified control signal.

Abstract: A control circuit for LED and an active bleeder thereof are provided. The control circuit comprises an LED driver and the active bleeder. The LED driver drives at least one LED and generates a current-sense signal. The current-sense signal is correlated to an LED current. The active bleeder comprises a bleeder circuit. The bleeder circuit is coupled to the LED driver to receive the current-sense signal and sinks a bleeding current in accordance with the current-sense signal for keeping the current flowing through the dimmer higher than the holding current.

Abstract: A gate off delay compensation circuit includes a sensing interval determiner configured to determine an interval in which a driving voltage corresponds to a first and second level of a reference voltage as a driving voltage sensing interval, a driving voltage excess interval determiner configured to determine a driving voltage excess interval defined as an interval in which the driving voltage is larger than the reference voltage and a driving voltage period determiner configured to determine a period of the driving voltage based on the driving voltage sensing interval and the driving voltage excess interval. Therefore, a gate off delay compensation circuit 100 decreases an average driving current and an average driving voltage and allows decrease of a variation of a driving current according to a change of a input voltage VIN.

Abstract: A distributed lighting network has its lights scheduled based on weather forecast information. A lighting controller stores a lighting schedule for distribution to the distributed lighting network and transmits the lighting schedule to the network. The lighting controller receives from a subscription weather server, short-term or long-term weather forecast datasets. The lighting controller generates lighting control information to modify the lighting schedule, based on the received customized weather forecast datasets, and transmits the lighting control information to the distributed lighting network to modify the lighting schedule, based on the customized weather forecast datasets. The system also enables the lighting schedules to modulate human circadian rhythms if necessary to further promote public health and safety during weather events.

Abstract: A device and a method for driving the supply of power to a plurality of light sources that is made up of a first group of light sources comprising at least one light source, which first group of light sources is connected in series with at least one second group of light sources comprising at least one light source. The device comprises a supply circuit to which the plurality of light sources is connected as a load. According to the inventive measures, it becomes possible to short at least one of the groups of light sources without causing high intensity transient current peaks in the light sources that are not shorted.

Abstract: A large-power insulated gate switching device (e.g., MOSFET) is used for driving relatively large surges of pulsed power through a load. The switching device has a relatively large gate capacitance which is difficult to quickly discharge. A gate charging and discharging circuit is provided having a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) configured to apply a charging voltage to charge the gate of the switching device where the BJT is configured to also discontinue the application of the charging voltage. An inductive circuit having an inductor is also provided.

Abstract: A visual metronome for use with a drum kit, including circuitry for generating a succession of light signals according to a selected flashing pattern defined by frequency and duration. A circuit splitter is in operative communication with the metronome for multiplying the light signals. A plurality of individual light emitting components are in operative communication with the circuit splitter, the light emitting components being mounted to individual components associated with the drum kit to simultaneously display the flashing pattern corresponding to the multiplied light output signals at locations visible to a user of the drum kit. A plurality of cables extend between the circuit splitter and respective light emitting components. The light emitting components can each further include a different color in order to provide enhanced visibility in various stage lighting situations. A power supply communicates the metronome, including any of a battery or a 9V power outlet plug.

Abstract: The disclosure regards to drivers and driving methods for a LED string consisting of LEDs. The LED string and a current switch are coupled in series between a power line and a ground line. The power line is powered to regulate a signal representing a current passing through the LED string. An enable signal capable of switching the current switch is provided. Whether a predetermined event occurs is detected. When the predetermined event occurs, the enable signal is clamped to have a predetermined logic value, the current switch thereby being kept either open or short.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lighting device (100) (100), comprising at least one light emitting element (102) configured to emit light, a housing (300) having an elongated hollow base portion (302) and a light exit portion (304), wherein the elongated hollow base portion (302) has a polygonal cross section, and a heat transferring arrangement (200) formed from a folded sheet of a thermo conducting material inserted into and fixed inside of the housing (300), the heat transferring arrangement (200) comprising a first section (202) onto which the light emitting element (102) is arranged and adapted to receive heat generated from the at least one light emitting element (102) when emitting light, and a second section (204) having an outer surface which once fixed inside of the housing (300) is formed to be in abutment with an inner surface of the elongated hollow base portion (302) of the housing (300), so that the generated heat is thermally transferred to the housing (300).

Abstract: Prior to a rising timing of a switching signal, a second FET is turned ON for a predetermined period according to a voltage switching signal. This allows a sum of a supply voltage of a first switching power source and a supply voltage of a second switching power source to be applied to a series circuit of a semiconductor light source, a drain-source of a first FET, and a current detecting resistor for a predetermined period before and after the rising timing of the switching signal.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a control device, a control method of a power converter and a switching power supply using the control device. The control device of the power converter includes: a first control unit, which is coupled to the power converter to detect an output voltage of the power converter and is configured to generate a first control signal based on the output voltage; a variable resistor unit, which is connected to an output terminal of the first control unit to receive the first control signal and is configured to generate a resistance value based on the first control signal; and a second control unit, which is connected to the variable resistor unit and is configured to output a second control signal in order to control operations of a switch unit of the power converter.

Abstract: Disclosed are an LED lighting apparatus and a control circuit thereof which controls the brightness of a lamp including LEDs using a dimmer. The LED lighting apparatus and the control circuit use a starting current based on a rectified voltage, in order to supply a holding current to the dimmer in a state where a lamp including LEDs is turned off.

Abstract: The invention discloses an LED driving device for dynamic segment configurations and the LED lighting apparatus thereof, wherein, the said LED driving device includes a first adjustable LED lamp string unit, a first N-type switch module, at least one second adjustable LED lamp string unit, one unidirectional conduction unit, one P-type switch module, one second N-type switch module, control logic module and current detection module; the control logic module outputs control signals, based on output voltage changes from the bridge rectifier, to control the on and off states of the first adjustable LED lamp string unit, the adjustable LED lamp string module, the P-type switch module, the first and second N-type switch module, also it adjusts the parallel and serial connection states of the first and second adjustable LED lamp string units dynamically. The invention adopts the dynamically configuring technology, improving the lighting effects and the utilization of LED lamps.

Abstract: An illumination system includes an illumination base. The illumination base has two common lines, a plurality of parallel branching lines extending between the common lines respectively, and a plurality of sockets disposed on the branching lines. The same number of sockets are disposed on each branching line, and the sockets are connected in series. The illumination system also includes light source elements. Each light source element has a first plug portion to be received in one of the sockets, and an LED lamp to be electrically connected to the illumination base when the first plug portion is received in the associated socket. The illumination system also includes resistor elements. Each resistor element has a second plug portion to be received in one of the sockets, and a resistor to be electrically connected to the illumination base when the second plug portion is received in the associated socket.

Abstract: In the case where luminance of light to be irradiated onto a multi-screen is not homogenized over the entire multi-screen, each of an image display apparatus and image display apparatuses carries out a homogenizing process of light to be irradiated onto a multi-screen over the entire multi-screen.

Abstract: A circuit for actuating semiconductor light-emitting elements, wherein the circuit is supplied by a rectified mains voltage, may include at least two series-connected segments, which each have one or more series-connected semiconductor light-emitting elements, wherein the semiconductor light-emitting elements in at least two of the segments are different, which results in different forward voltages of the segments, and in each case one driver for actuating a segment, wherein the driver has at least one electronic switch, by means of which the segment may be bypassed, wherein the circuit arrangement is designed to decide to bypass the segment assigned to the circuit arrangement, on the basis of an instantaneous value of the rectified mains voltage and on the basis of the bypass state of the adjacent segments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power control unit (40; 60) for controlling electrical power provided to a load (12), in particular an LED unit (12) comprising one or more LEDs, said driver device comprising a converter unit (10) having an input terminal (42) for receiving an input voltage (V10) from an external power supply (22) and having an output terminal (44) for providing an output voltage (V14) to power the load (12), wherein the converter unit (10) comprises a switching device (14) for transforming the input voltage (V10) to the output voltage (V14), a control unit (20) for controlling the switching device (14), signal means (46; 62) connected to the output terminal (44) for applying a voltage or current signal to the output terminal (44), wherein the control unit (20) is connected to the signal means (46; 62) and adapted to control the signal means (46; 62).

Abstract: A driving apparatus configured to drive a light emitting device includes a driving current source module operable to supply current to the light emitting device via a node during operation. A protection module coupled to the node and the driving current source module selectively injects current to the node during operation. The driving current source module is controlled based on a detection result of a voltage on the node.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit arrangement (1) for controlling at least one load (D1, D2, D3). In order to provide means for extracting an auxiliary power supply from a current source in order to control shunt switching, the inventive circuit arrangement (1) comprises an input terminal (11) for connection to a power supply (30), an output terminal (12) for connection to at least one load element (20, 21, 22, 23), a control circuit (10), comprising a control device (13), which is adapted to control at least one load element (20, 21, 22, 23), and an energy storage device (C), which is adapted to supply power to the control device (13). A controllable bypass switch (M4) is further provided, wherein said bypass switch (M4) and said control circuit (10) are connected in parallel and are connected between said input terminal (11) and said output terminal (12). The circuit arrangement (1) is adapted to operate the bypass switch (M4) to control the power provided to the control circuit.

Abstract: An LED lighting device includes multiple luminescent devices driven by a rectified AC voltage. The multiple luminescent devices are turned on flexibly in a multi-stage driving scheme using multiple current controllers. The current settings of the two driving stages with the highest current level and the second highest current level are adjusted according to the variation in the rectified AC voltage VAC or according to the variation in the duty cycle of the luminance device due to the variation in the rectified AC voltage. The present invention can improve the line/load regulation of the LED lighting device when the rectified AC voltage somehow fluctuates between its upper bound and lower bound.

Abstract: The disclosure regards to drivers and driving methods for a LED string consisting of LEDs. The LED string and a current switch are coupled in series between a power line and a ground line. The power line is powered to regulate a signal representing a current passing through the LED string. An enable signal capable of switching the current switch is provided. Whether a predetermined event occurs is detected. When the predetermined event occurs, the enable signal is clamped to have a predetermined logic value, the current switch thereby being kept either open or short.

Abstract: An LED light unit, in particular for a passenger transport vehicle, such as an aircraft, a road vehicle, a ship or a rail car, is disclosed that has at least one LED and is configured to be used with a high intensity discharge lamp power supply that is adapted to monitor its output behavior. The LED light unit comprises a power input coupleable to the high intensity discharge lamp power supply, a capacitor switchably coupled to the power input for absorbing electrical energy from the high intensity discharge lamp power supply, and a power dissipating element switchably coupled to the power input for dissipating electrical energy from the high intensity discharge lamp power supply.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lighting driver is provided, which includes a bridge rectifier, multiple LED sections, multiple shunt regulators, a weighted current mirror array, a mean power integrator, and a reference generator. The bridge rectifier provides a rectified sinusoidal voltage. The LED sections are coupled in series and coupled to the rectified sinusoidal voltage. Each shunt regulators regulates a shunt current flowing out from the LED sections according to a current reference value. The weighted current mirror array provides a plurality of copy currents. Each copy currents tracks the conduction time of one shunt regulator and also tracks the instantaneous output power of the LED sections. The mean power integrator provides a mean power value by integrating the copy currents. The reference generator provides the current reference values. Each current reference values is directly proportional to the difference between a mean power reference value and the mean power value.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a lamp control circuit is provided. The lamp control circuit includes an intermediate current steering block configured to be coupled to a cathode of a first light-emitting device of a plurality of light-emitting devices and a final current steering block configured to be coupled to a cathode of a final light-emitting device of the plurality of light-emitting devices. The final current steering block is configured to disable the intermediate current steering block and conduct current when a voltage input to the plurality of light-emitting devices is sufficient to activate all of the plurality of light-emitting devices.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving LEDs using high voltage includes a plurality of LEDs divided into a plurality of LED segments connected in series with a switching voltage detector and a current limiting device. Each of the plurality of LED segments is connected in parallel with a switching device. A high input voltage supplies power to the apparatus. The switching voltage detector generates a first mode change signal when the input voltage increases and a second mode change signal when the input voltage decreases. A switch controller receives the two mode change signals and generates a plurality of switching control signals to respectively control the switching devices of the plurality of LED segments.

Abstract: A circuit for driving a load may include a control loop having a response characteristic. A headroom signal indicative of the headroom voltage of the circuit may set one or more parameters of the response characteristic. A load sign indicative of electrical loading on the circuit may further set the response characteristic.

Abstract: An intelligent light emitting diode lamp tube compatible to a T5/T8 electronic ballast comprises a tube body, a circuit board provided with at least one LED lamp string to be disposed in the tube body, an integrated circuit disposed on the circuit board, a selection circuit comprising a first conduction loop and a second conduction loop configured with an inductor, and a switch member connected to the integrated circuit. When the intelligent light emitting diode lamp tube is connected to a self-oscillating electronic ballast or an IC-controlled electronic ballast, the internal arithmetic of the integrated circuit can be utilized to conduct the selection circuit and the switch member to change resonance frequency of electrical circuit, so that effects of low power consumption, high adaptiveness and energy conservation can be attained.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a control circuit for controlling a light emitting diode includes a first switching circuit having first and second inputs and an output and a second switching circuit having at least first and second inputs and an output, the first input coupled to the second input of the first switching circuit. Another embodiment includes a method for reducing flicker by generating an adjusted rectified voltage in response to a TRIAC dimmer signal from a TRIAC dimmer and a switching current in response to the adjusted rectified voltage being greater than a first reference voltage. The switching current is decreased in response to the adjusted rectified voltage becoming less than the first reference voltage. The TRIAC dimmer is turned off in response to decreasing the switching current.

Abstract: An LED array switching apparatus, comprises: a plurality of LED arrays arranged in a serial path; a voltage supply coupled to the plurality of LED arrays; a plurality of current sources selectively coupled to the LED arrays, each of the current sources being switchable between a current regulating state and an open state; and a controller that outputs at least one control signal. The controller, the at least one switch and current sources cooperate together such that: when the voltage of the voltage source is below the at least one reference voltage, and/or when a predetermined level of current passes through the one or more current sources, at least one switch is closed and one or more associated current sources are controlled so as to break the serial path into one or more parallel paths each including less than all of the LED arrays.

Abstract: A LED lighting device has been disclosed. The LED lighting device comprises an LED array composed of a plurality of LED light module groups, each LED light module group comprising a plurality of LEDs connected in series; and at least one constant current diode (CRD) configured to keep a current received from a power supply constant and to drive the LEDs in the plurality of LED light module groups to emit light via the constant current. In addition, a method for forming a LED lighting device and a LED lighting integrated chip are provided.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a lighting apparatus including a plurality of lighting circuits coupled in series. Each lighting circuit includes a control circuit configured to selectively provide current to at least one LED and at least one charge storage device coupled to the at least one LED. The control circuit may be configured to cause the at least one charge storage device to be selectively charged from a current source and to be discharged via the at least one LED responsive to a varying input. For example, the control circuit may be configured to limit current through the at least one LED to thereby divert current to the at least one charge storage device.

Abstract: An OVP circuit includes a voltage boost circuit, for boosting an input voltage into an output voltage in need and providing the output voltage to a load, a voltage control module for controlling the voltage boost circuit to boost an input voltage into an output voltage in need and for providing the output voltage to the load, an overvoltage protection module for monitoring a voltage of a positive terminal of the load to enable or disable the voltage control module, and an overvoltage adjusting module for monitoring an operation voltage of the load to adjust the overvoltage. It effectively prevents from the abnormal operation attributed by over practical operation voltage or prevents components from damage attributed by tardy protection. The present invention also proposes an LED backlight driving circuit using the OVP circuit and an LCD having the LED backlight driving circuit.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus may include: a rectifying unit providing a rectified voltage; an LED array including at least one LED string including first to nth LEDs connected in series; a sink path controller providing first to (n?1)th sink path control signals according to a level of the rectified voltage; a sink path switching circuit unit including first to (n?1)th sink path switches performing a switching operation according to each of the first to (n?1)th sink path control signals; a voltage phase controller generating a phase-adjusted voltage; a source path controller providing first to (n?1)th source path control signals; and a source path switching circuit unit including first to (n?1)th source path switches performing a switching operation according to each of the first to (n?1)th source path control signals.

Abstract: A LED (Light-Emitting Diode) driving circuit including at least one light-emitting unit and a protection detecting circuit, is provided. Each light-emitting unit includes an LED string coupled to a driving voltage, a current regulator and a transistor. The current regulator is coupled to a corresponding LED string and controls a current flowing therethrough. The transistor is coupled between the LED string and the current regulator. The protection detecting circuit generates a clamping reference level signal to a control terminal of the at least one transistor and is coupled to a connection node of the at least one transistor and the at least one LED string. When a voltage of any connection node is higher than a preset protection value, the protection detecting circuit decreases the clamping reference value to reduce or cut off the current of the at least one LED string.

Abstract: A light emitting diode driving apparatus may include: a light emitting diode emitting light by receiving rectified power; a driver driving the light emitting diode based on a voltage level of the rectified power; and a controller limiting an operation of the driver based on a voltage applied to the driver and a hysteresis reference value.

Abstract: Illumination devices (10), systems and methods that convert an alternating current (AC) supply (14) to a direct current (DC) for powering a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) are disclosed. An illumination device (10) comprises a full wave rectifier (12) for converting the AC supply into a direct current (DC). A current limiting diode (CLD) module (16), comprising at least one CLD is coupled in series to an output of the full wave rectifier and a light emitting diode (LED) module (18) comprising a plurality of LEDs is coupled in series between an output of the CLD module (16) and the full wave rectifier (12).

Abstract: Provided is a circuit for adjusting light-emitting diode (LED) current; the circuit comprises: a single-output constant current source (21), a multi-path LED output circuit (22) and a control bus (20) connected to the multi-path LED output circuit (22); any given LED output circuit comprises: a load circuit (23), an adjustment circuit (24), a current regulation circuit (25) and an adjustment control circuit (26). The circuit for adjusting LED current provided in the technical solution of the present invention adjusts the current of each LED output circuit via the load circuit, the adjustment circuit, the current regulation circuit and the adjustment control circuit, thus adjusting characteristic parameters such as color, color temperature, color rendering index, brightness and the like of the LED light source, thereby avoiding the problem of high cost caused by using multi-path constant current DC/DC circuit to adjust the current of each path.

Abstract: Disclosed are a controller and a relevant LED lighting module. A disclosed controller comprises a high-voltage power terminal and a low-voltage power terminal, a major switch circuit, an upward-connection terminal and a downward-connection terminal, and a management circuit. The major switch circuit is coupled between the high-voltage and low-voltage power terminals, and has a driving terminal for coupling to at least one LED. The management circuit is coupled to control the major switch circuit, and configured to communicate with an upstream controller via the upward-connection terminal and to communicate with a downstream controller via the downward-connection terminal. The upward-connection terminal is coupled to the downward-connection terminal of an upstream controller. The downward-connection terminal is coupled to the upward-connection terminal of a downstream controller. The management circuit is capable of operating in one of operation conditions.

Abstract: A circuit for actuating semiconductor light-emitting elements, wherein the circuit is supplied by a rectified mains voltage, may include at least two series-connected segments, which each have one or more series-connected semiconductor light-emitting elements, wherein the semiconductor light-emitting elements in at least two of the segments are different, which results in different forward voltages of the segments, and in each case one driver for actuating a segment, wherein the driver has at least one electronic switch, by means of which the segment may be bypassed, wherein the circuit arrangement is designed to decide to bypass the segment assigned to the circuit arrangement, on the basis of an instantaneous value of the rectified mains voltage and on the basis of the bypass state of the adjacent segments.