Abstract: A radio frequency electron accelerator structure for local frequency modulation includes an accelerating cavity, a coupling cavity, and a beam hole. The accelerating cavity and the coupling cavity are alternately assembled together, and the beam hole penetrates the accelerating cavity and the coupling cavity. A local cutting area is arranged inside both the accelerating cavity and the coupling cavity. A local frequency modulation method for a radio frequency electron accelerator is further provided. In the frequency modulation stage of the accelerating cavity, the local cutting area of the accelerating cavity is cut. When the feed amount is large, the change of the volume of the cavity is still small, and the generated frequency variation of the cavity is small, which significantly reduces the difficulty of frequency modulation, lowers the accuracy requirements of machine tools at the same time, and decreases the cost of enterprises accordingly.

Abstract: The objective of the invention is to provide a microwave tube, or the like, wherein gas adsorption action of a getter may be satisfactorily performed independently from a microwave amplification operation. In order to solve this problem, this microwave electron tube comprises: a helix wherein a microwave may progress oriented from an input section to an output section within a helical tube; an electron gun emitting an electron flow oriented toward the helix; a focusing device causing the electron flow to traverse the vicinity of the helix in the direction of a collector; the collector absorbing the electron flow; and a getter having a heater insulated from the cathode provided in the electron gun.

Abstract: A wireless communication module includes a first conductor and a second conductor that function as an electrode for wireless communication of a differential signal using electric field coupling, a third conductor and a fourth conductor that function as an electrode for wireless communication using electric field coupling. A straight line that connects the centroid of the first conductor and the centroid of the second conductor is not parallel to a straight line that connects the centroid of the third conductor and the centroid of the fourth conductor.

Abstract: A particle beam emitter has a hollow particle beam tube having a first end portion, a second end portion, and a longitudinal axis. An electromagnetic system that includes a voltage supply is electrically coupled to the hollow particle beam tube and is configured to generate a primary electrical current flowing axially in the hollow particle beam tube from the first end portion towards the second end portion. A primary magnetic field associated with the primary electrical current is operable to induce a secondary electrical current in a plasma located within the hollow particle beam tube, the secondary electrical current flowing generally axially within the plasma and causing the plasma to contract inwardly towards the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A system and method of operating a magnetron power source can achieve a broad range of output power control by operating a magnetron with its cathode voltage lower than that needed for free running oscillations (e.g., below the Kapitsa critical voltage or equivalently below the Hartree voltage) A sufficiently strong injection-locking signal enables the output power to be coherently generated and to be controlled over a broad power range by small changes in the cathode voltage. In one embodiment, the present system and method is used for a practical, single, frequency-locked 2-magnetron system design.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present invention, an electron device is provided. The electron device includes a support substrate, a conductive planar slow-wave structure on the support substrate, the conductive planar slow-wave structure being adapted to receive an electromagnetic wave signal for interaction with an electron beam, and a dielectric layer arrangement in between the conductive planar slow-wave structure and the support substrate, the dielectric layer arrangement being arranged on the support substrate at only one or more support substrate portions overlapping with the conductive planar slow-wave structure. According to further embodiments of the present invention, a method for manufacturing an electron device is also provided.

Abstract: A method for recovering energy from spent energy recovered linac (ERL) beams. The method includes adding a plurality of passive decelerating cavities at the beam dump of the ERL, adding one or more coupling waveguides between the passive decelerating cavities, setting an adequate external Q (Qext) to adjust to the beam loading situation, and extracting the RF energy through the coupling waveguides.

Abstract: A depressed beam collector and an RF source comprising a depressed beam collector. The RF source may include, e.g., a multi-beam klystron, a single beam klystron, or other RF sources having an electron gun. The beam collector collects spent electrons from the electron gun and comprises a grounded portion configured to collect a portion of electrons entering the collector and a biased portion configured to collect another portion of the electrons entering the collector and having a depressed energy.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a hollow cathode arc discharge plasma, including two plasma sources, each including a hollow cathode and an electrode which is associated with the hollow cathode and which has an opening that extends through the electrode, wherein the hollow cathodes of the two plasma sources are connected to a pulse generator which generates a bipolar, medium-frequency pulsed voltage between the two hollow cathodes. Here, in each of the two plasma sources, the hollow cathode is connected in an electrically conducting manner, directly or with interconnection of at least one current direction limiting component, to the associated electrode.

Abstract: High power RF energy supplied to a reaction chamber at a resonant frequency is used to break the covalent bonds of a hydrocarbon material without heat. An RF signal generator may be used to supply RF energy to a resonant ring through a four port coupler. The phase of the RF energy passing through the resonant ring may be adjusted to achieve an integral multiple of a resonant wavelength. Wavelength and intensity may be adjusted to sublimate or pyrolyze the hydrocarbon material to yield a useful gaseous product.

Abstract: An accelerator for charged particle may include: a capacitor stack which includes a first electrode that can be brought to a first potential, a second electrode that is concentric to the first electrode and can be brought to a second potential differing from the first potential, and at least one intermediate electrode that is concentrically arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode and can be brought to an intermediate potential lying between the first potential and the second potential; a switching device to which the electrodes of the capacitor stack are connected and which is designed such that the concentric electrodes of the capacitor stack can be brought to increasing potential stages during operation of the switching device; a first and a second acceleration channel formed by first and second openings in the electrodes of the capacitor stack such that charged particles can be accelerated along the first and second acceleration channel by means of the electrodes; and a device which c

Abstract: Various apparatuses and methods for a vacuum electronic device are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a vacuum electronic device includes a vacuum housing, an array of slow wave structures inside the vacuum housing sharing a common electron beam tunnel, an electron beam input port at a first end of the common electron beam tunnel, and an electron beam output port at a second end of the common electron beam tunnel.

Abstract: Various apparatuses and methods for a vacuum electronic device are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a vacuum electronic device includes a vacuum housing, an array of slow wave structures inside the vacuum housing sharing a common electron beam tunnel, an electron beam input port at a first end of the common electron beam tunnel, and an electron beam output port at a second end of the common electron beam tunnel.

Abstract: A voltage control apparatus used for an electron tube or a power supply apparatus includes a detecting circuit for detecting current flowing through a helix electrode, a voltage-limiting circuit for controlling a potential difference between the helix electrode and the anode electrode based on a predetermined voltage level; and a switch for switching based on an output from the detecting circuit. The switch connects the helix electrode and the anode electrode through the voltage-limiting circuit, or causes a short circuit between the helix electrode and the anode electrode.

Abstract: The present invention includes a Zener diode connected between a helix electrode and an anode electrode, a transistor that closes or opens a circuit between a cathode and an anode of the Zener diode, a photocoupler for turning ON/OFF the transistor through a phototransistor, a first switch for supplying or cutting off a DC voltage for the photodiode of the photocoupler, a capacitor to which the DC voltage that is to be supplied to the photodiode is applied and a control unit that turns ON the first switch beforehand to apply a DC voltage to the photocoupler and the capacitor and that turns OFF the first switch simultaneously with an application of a helix voltage.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods provide a robust radio frequency (RF) interface for a helix-type traveling wave tube (TWT). As a vacuum device, the RF input to the TWT and the RF output from the TWT are sealed to maintain the vacuum. The disclosed robust RF interface techniques are advantageously less prone to breakage than conventional sealing techniques. In addition, configurations of the disclosed robust RF interface techniques can further exhibit relatively good impedance matches between a TWT and an associated antenna, which can reduce insertion losses and reflection losses, thereby advantageously increasing system RF output power.

Abstract: A traveling wave amplifier (TWA) comprising two or more amplification modules, the inputs of adjacent amplification modules being connected together by a first inductance component of a first characteristic impedance, a second inductance component of a second characteristic impedance and a third inductance component of substantially the first characteristic impedance, the first characteristic impedance being greater than the second characteristic impedance. The outputs of adjacent modules may be similarly connected together by first, second and third inductance components. The characteristic impedance of the second inductance components is preferably substantially equal to that of the circuits to which the TWA is connected, e.g. 50?. The first and third inductance components have a characteristic of 100?. Such a TWA allows balancing of phase velocities between inputs and outputs of the amplification modules, connection of these around via holes, and extends the frequency capability of the TWA.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for switching and controlling an electron dose emitted by a micro-emitter comprising a sensor module (30) that receives the output current from the micro-emitter and a voltage to adjust the polarization point of the said device, a comparator module that receives a threshold voltage to adjust the quantity of charges to be emitted, a logical module to initialize the electron emission, and to define whether or not the micro-emitter should emit, a control module that generates the voltages necessary for initialization and extinction of the micro-emitter current pulse, means of varying the threshold voltage.

Abstract: A power supply circuit for a traveling-wave tube disclosed herein eliminates a large relay and a relay driving power supply to reduce the size and cost and to make itself tolerable to vibrations and impacts. A first control device turns on, when a potential on a helix electrode rises to a predetermined threshold determined by the ratio of the resistance of a first resistor to the resistance of a second resistor with respect to a potential on a positive heater electrode or a negative heater electrode, to conduct from a first terminal to a second terminal of the first control device. A second control device turns on when the first control device is off to maintain an anode electrode and a cathode electrode at the same potential. The second control device turns off when the first control device turns on to generate a potential difference between the anode electrode and cathode electrode, thereby applying a voltage to the anode electrode.

Abstract: A portable power converter comprising input means to receive low voltage DC input, voltage converter means for converting the low voltage DC input into high DC voltage output, the voltage converter means in electrical communication with the input means, output means for operably supplying the high DC voltage to an appliance. The output means is in electrical communication with the converter includes a housing adapted to receive at least one of the input means, the voltage converter means and the output means. Preferably, the portable power converter also includes processing means for controlling some of the functions of the device such as shutting it down when power falls below preselected threshold. The device may also include a remote control which may be manually activated or in an alternative embodiment activated by external environment stimuli.

Abstract: In a power-supply unit for a microwave tube, voltage between a helix power supply terminal and a cathode power supply terminal is divided into voltage slightly lower than the voltage of a collector power supply terminal. Uni-directional conductive means is provided between a voltage dividing point and the collector power supply terminal, and when the voltage of the collector power supply terminal is about to be lower than voltage at the voltage dividing point while the voltage approximates the voltage of the cathode power supply terminal, the uni-directional conductive means conducts and clamps the voltage of the collector power supply terminal so that the voltage is substantially equal to the voltage at the voltage dividing point.

Abstract: A method for constructing thermally and dimensionally stable traveling wave tube circuits having high dimensional stability, narrow tolerances, and very small size by providing a small hollow preform constructed of a desired material which is coated with a layer of photoresist material then exposed to a UV laser to form a desired pattern mask in the photoresist layer. The pattern masked preform is then etched to create a preform having a desired shape. After shaping, the photoresist coating is stripped from said shaped preform to form a traveling wave tube circuit. Optionally the travel wave tube circuit may be polished.

Abstract: A structure to eliminate non-fundamental space harmonics in helical traveling wave tubes is disclosed. The helix radius and pitch are simultaneously varied over a short distance to improve the efficiency and performance of the tube. This new geometry, an adverse space harmonics taper (ASHT), renders the fundamental phase velocity invariant to frequency and distance effects, while adversely affecting all other space harmonics. Another aspect of the invention reduces the temperature of the helix and further improves tube efficiency, so that electronic efficiencies approach 30% in a linear performance region.

Abstract: A structure to eliminate non-fundamental space harmonics in helical traveling wave tubes is disclosed. A sever of moderate attenuation is produced by way of a conductive surface on nonconductive rods supporting a helical conductor in a traveling wave tube. In addition, the radius and pitch of the helical conductor are simultaneously varied over a short distance to improve the efficiency and performance of the tube.

Abstract: A vertical deflection system for a CRT is disclosed which has a pair of traveling wave deflectors disposed opposite each other across a path of beam from gun to target. Each deflector has a helical conductor in the for of a strip of sheet metal coiled around an elongate core of insulating material. For the provision of a CRT capable of handling a wide band of frequencies, the dispersion characteristic of each traveling wave conductor is optimized through adjustment of the specific dielectric constant of the insulating core. Preferred values of the specific dielectric constant are specified in relation to the characteristic impedance of the traveling wave conductor.