Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a vehicle propulsion system. The vehicle propulsion system includes a first electric machine including a first set of machine windings that are configured to cause a rotor to rotate about an axis to selectively drive a transmission during a first vehicle operating state and a second electric machine including a second set of machine windings that are configured to cause a rotor to rotate about an axis selectively drive the transmission during at least one of the first vehicle operating state or a second vehicle operating state. The second vehicle operating state different from the first operating state, and a number of series turns per phase for the first set of machine windings is different from a number of series turns per phase for the second set of machine windings.

Abstract: A jam free dual redundant actuator lane changer system includes a primary lane system and a secondary lane system. The primary lane system is configured to provide actuation of a component during a normal operation while the secondary lane system remains in a standby configuration; and the secondary lane system is configured to provide an actuation of the component when the primary lane system fails or jams, but freed from its output to the component.

Abstract: A pallet sled includes a base and a pair of tines extending from the base. A load wheel supports outer ends of each of the tines. A wheel supports the base. At least one motor is configured to drive the base wheel or at least one of the load wheels for driving the pallet sled. The motor may be a hub motor inside the base wheel or the load wheel.

Abstract: A motor controller is configured to control a motor including a plurality of winding groups. The motor controller includes a plurality of processors. Each of the processors is configured to independently control supply of driving electric power to each of the winding groups. When an abnormality occurs in which a torque to be generated in one of the winding groups is smaller than an individual rated torque and when a target overall torque is larger than a total of the individual rated torque for the winding group in which the abnormality does not occur, the processor, controlling supply of driving electric power to the winding group in which the abnormality does not occur, out of the plurality of processors controls supply of the driving electric power such that the winding group generate a torque larger than the individual rated torque.

Abstract: A drive system includes a three-phase motor having a shaft, a first three-phase stator winding which is to be connected to a three-phase AC voltage grid, a second three-phase stator winding which is to be connected to the three-phase AC voltage grid in such a way that a second stator rotating field rotating in opposition results with respect to a first stator rotating field which is generated by means of the first stator winding, and a rotor winding system which is mechanically coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft. The drive system further includes at least one inverter which is mechanically coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the shaft and which is electrically coupled to the rotor winding system, wherein the at least one inverter is configured to generate actuation signals for the rotor winding system such that a first rotor rotating field and a second rotor rotating field rotating in opposition to the first rotor rotating field are generated.

Abstract: A powertrain system for a vehicle includes an electric power source having a first motor configured to provide a first amount of torque to the vehicle and a second motor configured to provide a second amount of torque to the vehicle different from the first amount of torque. The system further includes one or more attachable electric power gear assemblies configured to couple the two or more motors to a propeller shaft for providing the torque to the vehicle. The system includes an electronic control unit coupled to the electric power source and configured to dynamically activate or deactivate each of the first or second motors based on one or more operating conditions of the vehicle. The first and second motors comprises at least one of a same number of poles or a same number of phases.

Abstract: A drive system includes a three-phase motor having a shaft, a first three-phase stator winding, which is to be connected to a three-phase AC voltage grid, a second three-phase stator winding, which is to be connected to the three-phase AC voltage grid in such a way that a second stator rotating field is produced rotating in opposition with respect to a first stator rotating field, which is generated by the first stator winding, and a rotor winding system which is mechanically coupled in rotationally fixed fashion to the shaft.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retrofit system for configuring a vehicle into a hybrid electric vehicle or electric vehicle. The system comprises an electric power source (EPS) comprising one or more motors to provide fail safe torque to the vehicle and harness braking energy for charging one or more batteries, one or more attachable electric power gear assemblies (EPGA) configured to couple the one or more motors to a propeller shaft for providing the torque to the vehicle, and an electronic control unit coupled to the electric power source (EPS) for dynamically controlling functioning of the one or more motors based on the running conditions to drive the vehicle. The system comprises of a motor controller to control functioning of one or more motors. The motor controller actuates one or more motors based on the torque and power required to drive the vehicle.

Abstract: A posture holding device is for use in a transfer device which has a holding part configured to hold an object and a first link and a second link connected to the holding part. The transfer device moves the first link and the second link relative to the holding part so as to move the holding part between a transfer position and a standby position. The posture holding device holds a posture of the holding part and includes a magnetic gear rotatably connecting the first link and the second link to the holding part. The magnetic gear is disposed such that the one end of the first link connected to the holding part is rotated about a first axis and the one end of the second link connected to the holding part is rotated about the first axis or a second axis different from the first axis.

Abstract: In the case where the rotation speeds of respective magneto alternating current (AC) generators of a plurality of power source apparatuses (10, 20, and 30) are approximately the same rotation speed and the total electric power generation demand is the same as or smaller than the maximum total generated electric power of the plurality of power source apparatuses (10, 20, and 30), the integrated control unit (6) for integrally controlling the plurality of power source apparatuses (10, 20, and 30) selects at least one of the plurality of the power source apparatuses (10, 20, and 30) and controls a voltage control unit (5) of the selected power source apparatus in such a way that the selected power source apparatus generates maximum generated electric power thereof, at the rotation speed, that is the same as or smaller than the total electric power generation demand.

Abstract: An electric drive, particularly for vehicles, includes at least one first and at least one second electric machine. The electric machines are arranged relative to one another in a manner comparable to the cylinders of a conventional opposed-cylinder internal-combustion engine.

Abstract: A mechanical energy accumulator, suitable for being mounted in a vehicle has a spherical housing with three pairs of flywheel assemblies mounted therein. Each of the pair of flywheel assemblies is rotatable in opposite directions about a respective axis. Each of the axes are perpendicular to one another. At least one permanent magnet motor is mounted within the flywheel assemblies. Each of the flywheels of the flywheel assemblies has a double conical flywheel base, a motor-generator suitable for driving the double conical flywheel base, and a flywheel lid covering the motor-generator. The mechanical energy accumulator may be mounted in a shell having an expansion member. The mechanical energy accumulator has a strong side and a weak side due to varying retention strength of windings therearound so as to create a controlled burst.

Abstract: A novel multiple induction electric motor system that separately produces synchronized variable frequency alternating current control signals and using multiple induction electric motors, produces synchronized rotating magnetic fields responsive to the control signals, induces magnetic fields around a conductor in inductive rotors responsive to the rotating magnetic fields and applies rotational forces between the rotating magnetic fields and the induced magnetic fields to a common shaft of the multiple motors. The common shaft sums the rotational forces and transmits the rotational forces to a drive wheel Such a system can be implemented using two, three or more synchronized induction electric motors, and respective elements thereof wherein the stator and rotor laminations can be arranged, stacked and/or otherwise configured such that the multiple induction electric motors operate at lower temperatures and at higher efficiencies.

Abstract: A system and method for determining the holding torque of a brake in a material handling system is disclosed. The material handling system may include a bridge, a trolley, and a hoist, each driven along a different axis by a motor. A brake is operatively coupled to the motor to prevent unwanted motion of the motor. A motor controller is coupled to each motor which controls operation of the motor and its corresponding brake. The motor controller generates a torque command to the motor while keeping the brake set. The initial torque command is less than the holding torque of the brake. The torque command is incremented until motion is detected on the motor. The torque value when motion is detected is stored in the motor controller and displayed to an operator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive arrangement for the motor-operated adjustment of an adjusting element in a motor vehicle, wherein the drive arrangement comprises two electrical drives having in each case a drive motor and a control device, wherein in the assembled state the drives act in the same manner on the adjusting element and are embodied in an essentially identical manner apart from deviations that are a result of tolerances, wherein the control device influences the two drive motors by a pulse width modulation voltage (“PWM” voltage). It is proposed that the control device influences the two drive motors by PWM voltages having PWM switching frequencies that vary continuously during the adjustment process in such a manner that the PWM switching frequencies that are allocated to the two drive motors are different from each other at least for periods of time.

Abstract: To provide a driving device for an in-wheel motor vehicle that can be reduced in size, weight and cost, the driving device for the in-wheel motor vehicle includes a plurality of in-wheel motor assemblies, which are disposed in at least two of a plurality of drive wheels, and a plurality of motor drivers for controlling those in-wheel motor assemblies. Each of the motor drivers includes a smoothing circuit, a control unit, an inverter unit and a cooler for cooling the inverter unit. The plurality of the motor drivers are put together at one location and disposed within the common casing.

Abstract: A power supply system is provided. The power supply system includes a converter converting a direct input current into a polyphase alternating output current including a plurality M of phases. The converter includes two input terminals, is arranged at the input of the element and delivers the polyphase alternating current to element. The power supply system also includes a controller controlling the converter, a storage bank including at least one storage capacitor between the input terminals, a device protecting the element from over-voltages or over-currents of the polyphase alternating current, between the converter and element, including a plurality of switching arms between the respective phases of the polyphase alternating current. Each switching arm includes two thyristors connected head-to-tail and in parallel. The controller applies a negative voltage to the terminals of at least one thyristor during a period greater than a predetermined turn-off time of the thyristor.

Abstract: A sheet-fed rotary printing machine includes at least two electric drive motors acting on a gearwheel train which mechanically connects a plurality of printing units to one another. A device for controlling the printing machine includes a control loop for each electric drive motor having a higher-frequency control element. At least one control loop has a low-frequency control element supplying an output signal picked up at the control loops in a predetermined ratio. A sheet-fed rotary printing machine having the device is also provided.

Abstract: A motor controlling apparatus having a controller for controlling a plurality of inverters correspondingly provided to each of a plurality of alternating-current motors is reduced in size, mass, and cost by effectively grouping operations performed by each calculation unit included in the controller. This controller for controlling the inverters includes: a first common calculation unit and a second common calculation unit that calculate and output control signals that are common to each of the inverters; individual calculation units that individually calculate and output a control signal related to each of the inverters; and a common logic calculation unit 60 that outputs a gate signal for controlling switching of each of the inverters based on the signals received from the first common calculation unit, the second common calculation unit, and the individual calculation units.

Abstract: A variable pliability actuator for moving a movable component and including rotary electric motors, an output shaft rotated by the motors, around a rotation axis an elastic transmission system for transferring motion from the motors to the output shaft and for varying the pliability of output shaft, a control unit for adjusting that pliability through the elastic transmission system, and a holding structure defining an outer surface and an inner volume for holding the electric motors, elastic transmission system, output shaft and control unit. The holding structure has a driving output controlled by the output shaft and rotates the movable component, at least one stiff coupling element for enabling a stiff connection of the holding structure, and a support output opposite to the driving output and substantially coaxial with the rotation axis to partly house and stabilize the rotation of the movable component.

Abstract: A redundant electromechanical actuator is provided that includes first and second electric motors, a common output shaft, first and second drive cable drums, first and second driven cable drums, a first cable, and a second cable. The first and second electric motors are each adapted to be controllably energized to supply a drive torque. The common output shaft is coupled to receive the drive torque supplied from one or both of the motors. The first and second drive cable drums are coupled to the common output shaft to receive the drive torque from one or both of the motors. The first and second driven cable drums are each configured, upon being driven, to rotate. The first cable is coupled between the first drive cable drum and the first driven cable drum, and the second cable is coupled between the second drive cable drum and the second driven cable drum.

Abstract: A variable frequency transformer including: a first parallel circuit including at least two of the rotary transformers arranged in parallel and having an isolating circuit breaker connected to a rotor winding of each of the rotary transformers, and a separate synchronizing circuit breaker connected to a stator winding in each of the rotary transformers in the first parallel circuit; a first main transformer having a first winding connectable to a first power grid and a secondary winding connectable to the isolating circuit breaker in the first parallel circuit; a second main transformer having a first winding connectable to a second power grid and a secondary winding connectable to each of the synchronizing circuit breakers in the first parallel circuit, and a control system operatively connected to each of the synchronizing circuit breakers, the isolating circuit breakers and the drive motors for each of the rotary transformers.

Abstract: A dual redundant permanent magnet type dynamoelectric machine includes a dual flux throttle system to selectively disable one of a first motor and a second motor.

Abstract: In a method or system for driving a load element, a drive motor is provided on a drive shaft of the load element that establishes a drive rotation speed of the load element. A rotation torque sensor on the drive shaft emits a load torque signal proportional to a rotation torque. A rotation torque influencing device generates a supplementary torque when the load torque signal deviates from a desired load angle value present when a change has not occurred to a load created by the load element and acting on the drive motor, the supplementary torque being added to a drive torque generated by the drive motor such that a load angle of the drive motor remains substantially constant and uninfluenced by a change of the load.

Abstract: A motor controlling apparatus having a controller for controlling a plurality of inverters correspondingly provided to each of a plurality of alternating-current motors is reduced in size, mass, and cost by effectively grouping operations performed by each calculation unit included in the controller. This controller for controlling the inverters includes: a first common calculation unit and a second common calculation unit that calculate and output control signals that are common to each of the inverters; individual calculation units that individually calculate and output a control signal related to each of the inverters; and a common logic calculation unit 60 that outputs a gate signal for controlling switching of each of the inverters based on the signals received from the first common calculation unit, the second common calculation unit, and the individual calculation units.

Abstract: A power system including at least two self-controlled synchronous machines operating in parallel synchronously, a central three-phase converter to which all these machines are connected in parallel, at least two rotor position sensors. The system also includes at least one control module that receives phase currents from each synchronous machine, signals output from position sensors, and a required reference torque value and that powers the three-phase central converter so as to slave the phase currents for each machine as a function of the required reference torque.

Abstract: A method and assembly for synchronizing machine operations, the assembly comprising a reference generator for generating a speed reference signal and a position reference signal, a plurality of slave units, each slave unit including, a mechanical device, a separate motor linked to and driving the mechanical device and a separate unit controller for controlling the unit motor, the unit controller receiving and using the reference signals to control motor operation and a synchronizer receiving the reference signals from the control signal source and simultaneously providing the reference signals to each of the slave unit controllers for use in controlling operation of the motors in a synchronized fashion.

Abstract: The mobile element is a vehicle window pane, panel, movable seat or similar, conveniently guided, and driven by a DC electric motor with a permanent magnet, and the method comprises a step of detecting an entrapment or collision situation of the mobile element by means of a first fuzzy logic algorithm, which inputs are the mobile element's position and the increments that may occur in the intensity of the current demanded by said motor, which is evaluated from the relative increase of the current intensity at one turn of the motor and after one next, subsequent turn of the motor. A second fuzzy logic algorithm is used to control the mobile element's velocity, in close loop.

Abstract: The invention concerns a system for electrically regulating a power transmission device between the heat engine and a pair of electrical machines and the drive wheels of a motor vehicle, the heat engine being connected to the two electrical machines via a mechanical assembly, while an electrical connection device located between the two electrical machines provides a direct passage for power from one machine to the other, the connection transferring electric power between the two electrical machines being carried out via two static converters connected to a bus whereof the two lines are connected to a bus whereof the two lines are connected by a capacitor. The invention is connected by a capacitor.

Abstract: The invention provides an article transport vehicle that includes: a vehicle body; a first wheel that supports the vehicle body; a second wheel that is disposed spaced apart from the first wheel in a fore-and-aft direction, and that supports the vehicle body; a first drive motor capable of driving the first wheel; a second drive motor capable of driving the first wheel; velocity sensor for obtaining information necessary for obtaining a velocity of the vehicle body; and controller for controlling the first and the second drive motors, wherein the controller performs a first travel velocity control with respect to the first drive motor so as to control the first drive motor based on a difference between a target travel velocity and a travel velocity based on a detection by the velocity sensor, and performs a first conflict suppress control with respect to the second drive motor so as to control the second drive motor to reduce conflict with driving of the first wheel by the first travel velocity control.

Abstract: A synchronous control device which is provided with drive motors and a central control unit generating a synchronous reference signal and with which the drive motor is controlled to rotate synchronously with the synchronous reference signal supplied from the central control unit, which is provided with: device motor brakes for braking a rotation of the drive motor; machine home position detectors for detecting a rotation phase of the drive motor; and drive controlling means for controlling a drive motor in such a manner that the drive braking means is activated depending on a stop instruction supplied from the central control unit and a required rotation phase of the drive motor is stored; a comparison between the required rotation phase of the drive motor and the rotation phase thereof is performed at the time of re-start; and a home position alignment of the drive motor is performed at a start time of a subsequent operation.

Abstract: A drive unit for controlling a motor includes a position feedback device and a velocity noise filter. The position feedback device is operable to generate a position signal relating to a position of the motor. The velocity noise filter is coupled to the position feedback device and operable to filter the position signal over a predetermined number of samples to generate a velocity feedback signal for the motor.

Abstract: For self-switching control of a brushless motor (10) powered by means of a predetermined electrical cycle in order to cause the rotor to advance, the control system comprises an indicator device (100) for indicating the mechanical position of the rotor, the device being associated with a detector device (50) forming an incremental coder device (150) for encoding the mechanical position of the rotor. The system also comprises a motor control assembly made up of processor means (20) for processing the signals coding the mechanical position of the rotor connected to regulator means (30) for powering the plurality of stator windings. The device for indicating the mechanical position of the rotor comprises at least one series (101) of indications of the mechanical position of the rotor corresponding to passing through one electrical cycle of the stator, whereby the incremental coder device (150) delivers the processor means with one synchronization signal for each electrical cycle.

Abstract: An engine starter includes two motors housed inside a housing, a driven gear wheel meshed between the pinions at the motor shafts of the motors, a first idle gear meshed with an internal gear at the driven gear wheel, a second idle gear coupled to the first idle gear for synchronous rotation, an output gear wheel meshed with the second idle gear, and an output shaft axially extended from the output gear wheel and selectively provided with a socket or starting bar for starting the engine of any of a variety of model vehicles.

Abstract: A method for compensating for torque ripple in pulse width modulated machines including providing damping for transient disturbances utilizing a fixed feedback controller and rejecting steady disturbances utilizing an adaptive controller.

Abstract: A device is presented having a multiplicity of motors connected to a shaft. A multiplicity of motor control devices are connected to the motors. A multiplicity of bearings are connected to the motors and the shaft. The multiplicity of motors, the multiplicity of motor control devices and the multiplicity of bearings continue to control the shaft rotation speed upon failure of either one of the multiplicity of motors, the multiplicity of motor control devices, or the multiplicity of bearings. Also presented is a device having at least one motor connected to a shaft. At least one bearing is connected to the at least one motor and the shaft. The at least one bearing has a multiplicity of rotating sleeves.

Abstract: In an electrically driven automobile, a dynamo-electric generating device(s) is attached to one or more free-running wheels of the vehicle, which are not connected to the power drive of the vehicle. The free-running wheels are rotated by contact with the road surface as the vehicle is powered forward. The free-running wheels rotate one or more electric generating devices to produce electrical energy which is stored alternately in one or more electrical storage systems. The other non-charging electrical storage system(s) concurrently provides power to the electric motor which drives the vehicle through one or more of the wheels connected to the power train.

Abstract: A multi-blade wafer handling device is provided to concurrently move two or more wafers through a vacuum processing system. The wafer handling device includes two motors magnetically coupled into a transfer chamber to move an arm assembly connected to a dual blade assembly. The preferred wafer handling device includes a first rotating member operated by the first motor, a second rotating member operated by the second motor, a blade assembly having at least first and second wafer blades wherein the wafer blades are co-planar, and an arm assembly connecting the first and second rotating members to the blade assembly.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating a positioning device for an adjustable device. The positioning device is mechanically actuated by a bearing connected to a pivotable armature that interacts magnetically with an electromagnet. The electromagnet is energized by current pulses generated by a computer program. The current pulses cause the air gap between the pivotable armature and the electromagnet to vary between open positions where the electromagnet is not magnetized, and a closed position where the electromagnet is magnetized. Several bearings and associated electromagnets may be arranged to operate the positioning device in one or more directions and at different torques and operating speeds for different directions of operation and different positions of adjustment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a robot assembly for transferring objects, namely substrates, through a process system. A robot linkage is provided to a multi-plane, multi-arm robot assembly driven by two motors. In one embodiment, a linkage is provided which is driven by two magnetic retaining rings. In another embodiment, a linkage is provided which is driven by three magnetic retaining rings, two of which are coupled to the same motor. Both embodiments enable a substrate shuttle operation to be performed wherein a pair of substrates can be shuttled into and out of a selected chamber without having the robot assembly rotate in the transfer and by actuation of only two motors.

Abstract: A dual motor drive system particularly adapted for the drive of long printing presses provides uncoupled control of both the voltage and current provided to the motors. A current divider proportions the current provided to a main and secondary motor in accordance with a chosen ratio to maintain speed and torque in accordance with press requirements.

Abstract: An electric propulsion system for a bicycle includes one or two electric motors secured to a mounting assembly attached to the bicycle, a drive roller that impinges on the front wheel of the bike, a battery pack secured to the frame of the bicycle, and a motor controller device operated by the bicycle rider. The mounting assembly is secured to the bicycle steerer tube and includes a laterally extending pivot shaft that is generally parallel to the axle of the adjacent front wheel. A pair of pivot arms are secured to opposed ends of the pivot shaft. A pair of electric motors are disposed face-to-face with their shafts in coaxial alignment and joined by a drive roller. Lower ends of the pivot arms are secured to respective electric motors. A main brace extends between the motors and includes an upper end adjustably secured to the pivot arms, and the lower end is also joined the electric motors.

Abstract: This invention is for incrementally controlling energizing and de-energizing of at least two electrical motors in which motor armatures are mechanically coupled to a single mechanical member and in which motor stators are mechanically referenced to a second mechanical member. By energizing and deenergizing two or more electric motors of different force and torque capability coupled in this manner it is possible to provide increments of force and torque as small as the incremental capability of the smallest motor and to provide a large number of force and torque increments which can approximate a smooth control of force and torque in forward and reverse directions. The type of motor used for this invention is a multiple-two-node-open-circuit-armature-winding motor as disclosed in the referenced patents. This type of motor offers various levels of energizing the motor to the full force and torque capability.

Abstract: A system and method for initializing a plurality of mechanical elements of a machine includes a plurality of housings and an uncoordinated motion controller. The housings are coupled to the mechanical elements and include at least a motor controller electrically connected to a motor. Each of the motor controllers have an associated position sensing component for sensing the position of the associated mechanical element along one axis. The uncoordinated motion controller instructs the motor controllers to operate its associated motor until the associated mechanical element reaches an initialization position. The velocity and acceleration profile of the respective motors are independent of each other, such that each of the motors moves its associated mechanical element in uncoordinated motion until each mechanical element reaches its initialization position. A multi-node daisy chained data bus electrically connects the uncoordinated motion controlling means and the motor controllers in series.

Abstract: Drive arrangement for spinning stations of an OE spinning machine. The feed rollers of the spinning stations can be driven by an electric motor and the draw-off rollers by another electric motor. At least one of these two motors is a synchronous motor. Each of the two motors can be fed supply currents of adjustable frequency by a reverse rectifier, with the rotational speed of one of these two motors being adjusted as a function of the rotational speed of the other motor which is sensed by a pulse generator in such manner that the set rotational speed ratio of these two motors remains constant at operating speeds and in that the operating speeds are ensured even in case of brief network outage.

Abstract: In a control system for synchronous rotation of the cutter heads in a multi-cutter shield machine, the rotation cutter heads are so disposed in generally the same plane such that the distance between the centers of the adjoining cutter heads is larger than the radius, and smaller than the diameter, of the cutter heads. The rotating cutter heads are driven independently of each other by electric drive systems, respectively. Each of the electric drive systems consists of plural motors with a reduction gear, coupled to the respective rotating cutter heads by means of a pinion and gear. The motor rotation is so controlled and the cutter heads are so synchronously rotated, that the angle of deviation between the cutter heads is within such an allowable range that the cutter heads will not interfere with each other even if there is any imbalance in excavating and rotating resistances between the cutter heads.

Abstract: A numerically-controlled electromechanical precision drive system in which a plurality of low-current servomotor units are arranged in a circle around the driven shaft or push rod of an intermediate gear-wheel in such a way that pinion gears linked with its driven shaft engage with the intermediate gearwheel. The motor units are each driven in synchronism and are each independently linked with an emergency power supply and drive electronic system which receives the control pulses from a joint electronic control system, thus producing a multi-torque drive which provides the operating shaft with a rotational and/or translatory movement.

Abstract: A lapping machine for correcting the asymmetrical hardening distortions which occur during the hardening of gear wheels, especially bevel gears, is disclosed. This machine is particularly advantageous in connection with large bevel gear transmissions or drives produced in small batches. This is achieved by selective lapping, in that both bevel gears are each driven by a respective separate speed-regulated electric motor. An electronic transmission or drive, also referred to as an electric shaft, controls and regulates one electric motor to serve as the master motor and the other to serve as the slave motor as a function of the rotational speed of the master motor and the gear ratio of the two bevel gears. A device serves for controlling and regulating a selectable relative lapping torque.

Abstract: This invention provides a double driving device which includes two motors, sharing a same common shaft or having their shafts linked together, and a control circuit. The two motors have different horse power and are used in machines, such as presses or shearing machines, which always use only one motor with less power to operate while the machines is not loaded but both of the motors while the machine is loaded so as to save the energy consumed unnecessarily during periods of no practical work. The control circuit is used to supply the intermittent operation of the motor with greater horse power.

Abstract: An authority limiter includes an input shaft clutched to an output shaft. The output shaft is geared to a motor. Opto-sensors provide control signals to a current source supplying power to the motor. Different amounts of opposing torque are applied by the motor dependent upon the positioning of a disc, mechanically attached to the output shaft, effecting the optical path in the opto-sensors. In another embodiment, the opto-sensor control is replaced by an electro-mechanical mechanism which senses various thresholds corresponding to angular positions of the coupled input and output shafts.