Abstract: Unique systems, methods, techniques and apparatuses of motor starters are disclosed. One exemplary embodiment is a synchronous machine including a plurality of stator phase windings, a rotor, a motor starter, and a controller. The motor starter includes a plurality of wye semiconductor switches and a plurality of delta semiconductor switches. The controller is structured to operate the plurality of wye semiconductor switches and the plurality of delta semiconductor switches so as to couple the plurality of stator phase windings in a delta configuration while an angular speed of the rotor is less than a synchronous speed, and structured to operate the plurality of wye semiconductor switches and the plurality of delta semiconductor switches so as to couple the plurality of stator phase windings in a wye configuration in response to the angular speed of the rotor being equal to the synchronous speed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of managing a charge transfer between, on the one hand means of accumulation (9) of an electrical control device (1) of an electric motor of a motor vehicle (43) and, on the other hand, an external electrical circuit (41) outside said motor vehicle (43), said electrical control device (1) comprising: a voltage converter (21) connected to the accumulation means (9); an H-bridge voltage inverter (3) connected to the voltage converter (21) on the one hand and to the phases of the electric motor on the other hand, characterized in that the method comprises a step of controlling the voltage converter (21) and the voltage inverter (3) as a function of the charge transfer.

Abstract: A nacelle for receiving an aircraft engine, the nacelle having a tubular stationary cover and at least one movable portion connected to the stationary cover via movement means for moving the movable portion between a position close to the stationary cover and a position spaced apart therefrom. The movement means have asynchronous motors, each having a stator with windings connected in parallel to a power supply circuit and a rotor having windings, each connected to a resistive load in parallel with a winding of the rotor of each of the other motors.

Abstract: This invention relates to radio-controllable AC electric motors, which receives their power from the AC (alternating current) power line. A less costly motor, which is readily controllable is achieved by substituting control-units previously manufactured and existing inside a motor, replacing them with an external RC control which contain similar control-unit's. The external RC controls is less costly than previous control's, making the overall cost of the motor package less costly, with the added bonus of being able to remotely control the motor with, many control function.

Abstract: A control device for a hoist, which enables easy judgment of the lifetime of a brake of a hoist is provided. The time setting unit sets the time from startup of a double winding induction motor to disengagement of the brake and the time from start of engagement of the brake to stopping of the double winding induction motor in accordance with the time from the startup of the double winding induction motor to generation of torque. The time changing unit detects if power-supply frequency of a power supply is 50 Hz or 60 Hz and can change at least one of the time from the startup of the double winding induction motor to the disengagement of the brake and the time from stopping of driving of the brake to stopping of double winding induction motor in accordance with the power-supply frequency of the power supply.

Abstract: A softstarter for starting and stopping an asynchronous motor having three phases, including two pairs of semiconductor devices of the type turning off at zero-crossing of the current therethrough, wherein each of the two pairs of semiconductor devices is connected in anti-parallel, and the first pair of the semiconductor devices is adapted to control the voltage of one of the phases of the motor and the second pair of the semiconductor devices being adapted to control the voltage of another of the phases of the motor, a DC reducing unit associated with the two pairs of semiconductor devices, a first voltage measuring unit for measuring voltages across the two pairs of semiconductor devices, and a first zero-crossing detecting unit configured for detecting zero-crossings of the measured voltages across the two pairs of semiconductor devices and providing zero-crossing signals to the DC reducing unit.

Abstract: Transport refrigeration systems such as container refrigeration systems can operate on 3-phase power supplied by an external power supply such as in storage when powered by a generator system. If the refrigeration system is equipped with 3-phase motors, it is necessary to provide a phase detection and adjustment capability to the refrigeration system if the rotational direction of these motors is relevant to the operation of the refrigeration system. Embodiments according to the application provide systems and method for phase detection in a refrigeration system.

Abstract: A drying device has been developed having a single electric motor configured to drive a drum and directly drive an air blower. The single electric motor is a non-line frequency electric motor. The drum is coupled to a support frame to enable rotation of the drum relative the support frame. The drum has an interior space for holding a load of articles, such as clothing. The motor includes a controller configured to increase gradually the angular velocity of the drum to provide a “soft start” for the dryer.

Abstract: A motor driving device, which drives a DC motor, includes a motor driving unit, a status determination unit, and an initial value renewal unit. The motor driving unit repeatedly performs a change-over, wherein the motor driving unit changes an amount of a current inputted into the DC motor to an initial value at a predetermined timing, and then gradually increases the amount of the current from the initial value, in order to slowly move a driving target, driven by rotational force of the DC motor, in a moving direction. The status determination unit determines whether or not the driving target is in a predetermined status. The initial value renewal unit changes the initial value when the status determination unit determines that the driving target is in the predetermined status.

Abstract: A first determining section determines whether a recording medium is conveyed in a first direction. A setting section sets a first current value as a current initially outputted to a DC motor each time the first determining section determines that the recording medium is conveyed in the first direction. A first current outputting section outputs a current at the first current value, and subsequently outputs by steps a current gradually higher than the first current value motor until the first determining section again determines that the recording medium is conveyed in the first direction. A second determining section determines whether the recording medium is conveyed in a second direction opposite the first direction after the first current outputting section outputs a current at the first current value.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reversing a drive motor for a barrier movement operator are disclosed. The operator senses the nature of a request for reversal and based on the nature of the sensed request performs one of a plurality of processes to reverse the motor.

Abstract: A method for determining a change in direction of rotation of a motor includes the steps of establishing steady state operating parameters of the motor, triggering a command interrupting the rotation of the motor, estimating the speed of the motor after triggering the command and determining the instant from which the speed of the motor is below zero. This instant corresponds to the change in direction of rotation of the motor. The instant from which the motor changes direction of rotation can be determined accurately.

Abstract: A circuit and method measures main motor winding voltage and detects points in the electromagnetic wave cycle where this voltage “crosses” zero. It also measures auxiliary motor winding voltage. Phase shifts measured in the auxiliary winding are compared as a means for starting and restarting the auxiliary winding. The points in the electromagnetic wave cycle where the current in the auxiliary winding “crosses” zero are detected and compared with a first window pulse that is generated when the main voltage crosses zero. When the zero current crossing points fall outside the first window pulse, the auxiliary winding is disconnected. The points where the voltage in the auxiliary winding “crosses” zero are also detected and compared with a second window pulse that is generated when the main voltage crosses zero. When the zero voltage crossing points fall within the second window pulse, the auxiliary winding is switched back into the circuit.

Abstract: A steering shaft locking device capable of performing a locking operation in an optimum manner. The steering shaft locking device includes a motor to which voltage is applied to generate a drive force. A locking bar is moved by the drive force of an actuator so as to engage the steering shaft. A steering shaft lock ECU connected to the motor performs a first control to move the locking bar to a lock position, at which the locking bar engages the steering shaft, and a second control to move the locking bar to an unlock position, at which the locking bar is disengaged from the steering shaft. A voltage control means controls the voltage applied to the motor during the first control such that the voltage is less than or equal to the voltage applied to the motor during the second control.

Abstract: A stepper motor is initialized so that the exciting signal is applied to coils with the step shifted by half of one electric cycle from the rebounding step being synchronized with the timing when the stopper piece is brought into contact with a fixed stopper. The rebounding step, in which the rotor of the stepper motor reverses its rotating direction, can be easily detected. If the rebounding step can be detected, the position for initializing can be easily defined in the angle shifting manner as described above.

Abstract: A driving control circuit of a hood motor, including: a hood motor section rotatably driven for ventilating the inner portion of a system; a rectifier circuit section for supplying direct current power to the hood motor by rectifying alternating current power, a controlling section for generating a control signal for controlling the operation of the hood motor; and a driving circuit section for controlling the operation of the hood motor according to the control signal from the controlling section.

Abstract: A method for energy storage and recovery for load hoisting equipment driven by an inverter controlled first induction motor and having a second inverter controlling a second induction motor which drives a flywheel whereby, utilizing rest power such as reverse power from the first induction motor when lowering a load and unused power at small load or idle to accelerate rotation of a flywheel, whereby energy is stored, and the system is reversed when a load is lifted and power is consumed whereby the flywheel causes the second motor to generate power and deliver it to the first motor.

Abstract: A heated windshield wiper blade unit suitable for incorporating into existing or new windshield wiper assembly. The blade comprises a spiral coiled heating element of resistance wire, such as Nichrome, disposed in the blade substantially along its entire length within a passageway. A stranded copper line wire and a ground wire enter the blade to establish electrical contact with the respective first and second ends of spiral coiled heating element which serves to conduct heat to entire wiper blade assembly so as to prevent accumulation of ice, sleet or snow on the wiper blade. The ends are then sealed with a moisture proof sealant which also serves to maintain end connectors and wires in tact.

Abstract: A circuit for boosting the power output of a motor in which a sensor stage, preferably a voltage divider, is coupled to comparator stage, preferably a reverse biased to a diode, which in turn is coupled to a power boost stage, preferably a relay and switched capacitance associated therewith, such that upon sensing of excess loading of the motor, the capacitance is switched across the output of the motor.

Abstract: A three-phase Y-connection direct current motor, which is not only capable of operating at a high efficiency and at high speeds but also small-sized and inexpensive. A position detection device includes three Hall elements for detecting the rotational position of a rotor of the motor, and supplies first-, second- and third-phase position detection signals each having a width equivalent to an electrical angle of 120 degrees and position detection signals having a phase difference of 60 degrees with respect to the corresponding ones of the first-, second- and third-phase position detection signals to an energization control circuitThe energization control circuit successively energizes transistors (10a-10d, 11a-11h) of transistor bridge circuits associated with respective phases of armature coils (4a-4c) to supply a current to the armature coils in forward and reverse directions.

Abstract: A control circuit for connection to a split capacitor motor automatically switches to reverse operation when the motor is caused to stop or slow unacceptably by a heavy load. During operation, a voltage is maintained across a relay winding which is sufficient to hold the relay contacts in the normally open position. A slowing or stopping of the motor causes a reduction the voltage across the relay winding, which permits the relay contacts to switch to a configuration that reverses the phase of the current through the main and auxiliary windings of the motor, thereby reversing the motor.

Abstract: A level detector outputs signals every time voltages induced by the U-phase, V-phase and W-phase motor coils exceed a predetermined level. When the signals are output in a predetermined order from the level detector, U-phase, V-phase and W-phase commutation circuits supply control signals to U-phase, V-phase and W-phase drive current output circuits, respectively. When the signal outputting order is reversed to the predetermined order, the commutation circuits output no control signals. Upon reception of the control signals from the U-phase, V-phase and W-phase commutation circuits, the U-phase, V-phase and W-phase drive current output circuits supply the currents to the respective motor coils. When at three-phase half-wave motor is rotating in the forward direction, therefore, the currents will be sequentially supplied to the motor coils from the associated drive current output circuits for the individual phases.

Abstract: An improved motor control circuit is disclosed in which energy stored in the motor is transferred back to the power supply rather than being passively dissipated. The sense of a feedback signal is reversed at a summation node by combining the signal with an inverted, amplified reproduction of the signal.

Abstract: A polyphase induction motor is driven from an inverter having a set of switches activated in prescribed on-off patterns to provide forward and reverse voltage vectors and a zero vector for controllably energizing the motor. Memories are provided on which there are written forward voltage vector data for forwardly energizing the motor, reverse voltage vector data for reversely energizing the motor, and zero vector data for de-energizing the motor. The voltage vector data and zero vector data are selectively read out from the memories in order to cause the inverter to generate in real time the corresponding voltage vectors and zero vectors needed for the motor to be quickly revolved to, and set out of rotation exactly in, a desired angular position. For such optimum motor speed control an ideal control curve is predefined which represents the ideal relationship between the motor speed and the difference between the actual and the desired angular position of the motor.

Abstract: An imaginary limit position is determined on the basis of a position where an overload condition is detected, and such imaginary limit position is stored. Subsequent to the storage, an extent of movement is limited to that defined by the limit position. An operational mode which re-establishes a stored position is provided. In response to the detection of an overload condition, a motor is reversed to move the attitude back through a small stroke, whereupon the motor is deenergized. When a manual switch is turned on, the motor is driven over an incremental time interval and is then deenergized temporarily. After a given time interval, the motor is again driven. Where a pluarlity of motors are driven simultaneously, the timing of initiating to drive each motor is displaced relative to each other by a small time increment during which a transient current occurs upon initiating the drive.

Abstract: A manually controlled positive and reverse circulating fan is used in room, usually, when in summer to blow air is downward so that the cool air at the lower level can be spread into every corner of the room. In winter, the fan is operated reversely and the warmer air at higher level can be spread evenly down in the room, thus the room temperature can be kept even and the energy can be saved. However, because of the limitation of the room space shape, there are still spaces that the air flow can not reach. This design, with a periodic positive/reverse switch operation, controls the ceiling fan to operate positively or reversely in periodicity so that it may further improve, the function of stirring the air evenly. This design can be used also ventilators/for air intake/exist as well.

Abstract: A series resonant capacitor motor is operated from a source of single phase alternating current power, and the start and run windings are wound on the stator electrically angularly displaced from one another by 90.degree.. The run winding is of heavy wire, and it is connected in series with a capacitor having a high capacitance to the source of alternating current power. The start winding is connected in parallel with the series connected run winding and capacitor. During the full load and no load running conditions of operation of the motor, substantially all of the current passes through the run winding and capacitor with little or no current flowing through the start winding. The motor exhibits improved starting torque, and an additional switched starting capacitor can be connected in parallel with the series resonant capacitor to produce high starting torque.

Abstract: A circuit for operating a brushless DC motor, the circuit receiving as inputs the positive/negative, or negative/positive DC power normally applied to reverse a brush-type DC motor, with the polarity of the input power determining direction of rotation of the motor. The input power is full-wave rectified to provide positive/negative DC power to the brushless DC motor drive. A polarity sense circuit determines the polarity of the input DC power and provides to the brushless DC motor drive a logic signal indicating commanded direction.

Abstract: In a single phase AC induction motor having a main winding (1) and an auxiliary winding (2) both connectable to an AC power source (4), and having a start switch (6, 74) for automatically connecting and disconnecting the auxiliary winding (2) to and from the AC source (4) in starting and running modes, respectively, and having a user operated reversing switch (207-212) for reversing the voltage polarity applied from the AC source (4) to one of the windings relative to the other winding, low cost circuitry is provided for detecting the polarity reversal by sensing when one of the main and auxiliary winding voltages shifts from a leading to a lagging position relative to the other winding voltage, whereupon the circuit automatically instantly reconnects the auxiliary winding (2) to the AC source (4) to immediately apply reverse torque.

Abstract: A device for changing the rotation of a drill from a forward to a reverse direction which comprises a drill, an AC single-phase motor operatively connected to the drill for driving the same, a circular measuring plate connected to the drill, the circular measuring plate having a handle, and a groove disposed on the periphery of the plate, and a microswitch containing electrical terminals and being operatively connected to the motor, the microswitch containing a bar which is pivotally disposed to engage and disengage the microswitch, the bar having a spring biased arm which extends from the microswitch to slidably engage and rotate with the periphery of the measuring plate, whereby when the handle of the measuring plate is rotated in the left or right direction, the bar of the microswitch is caused to move in a corresponding upward or downward direction along the periphery of the measuring plate, until it engages the slot whereby the direction of rotation of the motor is reversed.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an AC powered elevator and for improving the safety of the operation of the elevator includes: a three-phase AC power source; a drive device connected to the three-phase AC power source for converting an AC signal into an AC power having a variable frequency, thereby enabling the controlling of an induction motor; a winding induction motor connected to and controlled by the drive device for driving the cage of the elevator; a door induction motor connected to and controlled by the drive device for opening or closing the cage door provided at the cage of the elevator; and a motor control command device having an operation command generator which generates a command for starting or stopping the cage of the elevator so as to control the drive device and a door command generator which generates a command for opening or closing the cage door so as to control the drive device for independently controlling the winding induction motor and the door induction motor.

Abstract: A power screwdriver that is equipped with a spring coupling between the motor drive and the tool spindle, a signal that indicates that a certain value of torque has been overstepped, at which the screwdriver must be sopped, first causes reversal of the motor, but before the motor appreciably turns in the reverse direction, powers shut-off, allowing the motor to coast. After another brief interval, power is reapplied to the motor in the original direction, again briefly. In this way it is possible for the final shut-off to occur when the motor is stopped and the spring is unstressed, avoiding oscillations of the motor-spring system. A triac bridge circuit makes possible quick reversals and brief applications of power. In such a bridge circuit, precautions must be taken to be sure one pair of triacs is extinguished before the other pair is ignited.

Abstract: Closing and opening movements are effected by a reversible motor M. The motor M receives its power from a supply U via a feed circuit which includes switch contacts r.sub.1, r.sub.2 controlled by a relay R. The arrangement is such that a closing movement takes place when the relay is energized and an opening movement when the relay is deenergized. To select these two movements there is provided a selector switch S in the feed circuit which has two operative positions and an intermediate neutral position. The excitation winding of the relay R is included in a monitoring circuit in parallel with a strip-like safety switch SL. The strip-like safety switch SL is positioned in the path of the closing movement and has two strip-like contact bands 1, 2 which are pressed together if an object should become trapped in the path of the closing movement. If this occurs the excitation winding of the relay is short circuited and it automatically reverses the motor to convert the closing movement into an opening movement.

Abstract: A reciprocating drive system moves a body of defined inertia, such as a carriage supporting electrostatic spraying means, at full speed between two points at which the direction of movement is reversed. The drive system includes an electric motor with polyphase stator windings and a squirrel cage rotor. Transducers responsive to the arrival of the moving body at the aforementioned points produce output signals controlling a phase switching system which reverses the direction of rotation of the motor. Reversal of the motor torque reverses the direction of movement of the moving body within a given travel and within a given time interval to full speed in the opposite direction. A stator current limiter provides positive coupling in an operative condition and no coupling in an inoperative condition with the motor running at full speed. The motor is selected so that the inertia of its rotor closely matches that of the moving body.

Abstract: A pin-and-socket type reversing plug connector for three-phase alternating current motors has three phase pins and two internally connected ground pins in a motor-connected member and corresponding sockets in a line-connected member. The five pins and sockets are arranged in a straight line, with a phase pin in the middle with the two ground pins on either side of the central pin. To reverse direction of rotation of the motor, the two connector members are unplugged, one member is rotated 180.degree., and the two members then rejoined.

Abstract: Control device responding to current changes in a load circuit including a supervisory circuit carrying a current proportional to the current in the load circuit, a transformer coupling the supervisory circuit to the load circuit, and an overcurrent sensor and an overcurrent relay electrically connected in series in the supervisory circuit. The overcurrent sensor being set to deliver a signal when a given first current value is reached after a response delay, the overcurrent relay being able to interrupt the load circuit if a given second current value is reached after an adjustable response delay, and a method of operating the control device in a waste crushing machine.

Abstract: The shaft driven by a reversible motor for opening and closing a door is provided with at least one reflective surface. An optical source/detector senses rotation of the shaft and generates a pulse each time one of the reflective surfaces passes. A programmable counter circuit counts the pulses in one direction when the door is opened and de-energizes the motor when a predetermined count is reached without the use of mechanical switches. The counter is decremented when the door is closed, and de-energizes the motor when the count returns to zero. Any obstruction will cause the system to stop the door if sensed during opening, or to reverse the door's direction if sensed during closing. Provision is made to account for any "coasting" the door may experience due to inertia; and the system will also track and permit small changes in the closed position of the door, as might occur if snow accumulates beneath the door.

Abstract: The power contactor for controlling the application of power to and the character of the current to a load includes a power relay having contacts connected between a source of power and the load, such as a motor or heater, with each of the contacts being provided with arc suppression means. A steering relay is provided to control the direction of current to a motor and thus its direction of rotation or the voltage applied to a heater. A control circuit insures that the steering relay contacts remain either open or closed while power is being applied to the load. The steering relay is provided with bracer bars to prevent short circuiting between relay contacts should any welding occur therebetween. The arc suppression means for each of the power relay contacts includes a solid state device, such as a triac, in parallel therewith, and auxiliary contacts for controlling the gating current to the triac.