Abstract: A switching circuit for controlling charging input from a DC source to at least one inverter circuit, each inverter circuit corresponding to at least one respective battery, the switching circuit is provided with a switching device which when positioned in series with the inverter circuit and the DC source, the switching device configured to control the charging input provided to the at least one respective battery, the switching device controllable in conjunction with switches in the at least one inverter circuit based on at least one voltage of the at least one respective battery.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioner has a refrigeration cycle system including a compressor. The rotational frequency of the compressor is variably controlled, and the compressor is prevented from being operated within a resonating rotational frequency range of the compressor in which the vibration frequency of the compressor and the natural frequency of a steering device resonate with each other. When the vehicle performs automated driving, the compressor is also allowed to operate within the resonating rotational frequency range.

Abstract: An inverter protection device is disclosed. An inverter protection device, which determines whether or not a pulse-width modulation (PWM) control signal provided to an inverter unit of an inverter is blocked in accordance with a voltage signal received from first and second switches of a safety relay which are parallelly connected, comprises: a first power switch which is switched to an on-state by means of a first voltage signal applied from the first switch; a second power switch which is switched to an on-state by means of a second voltage signal applied from the second switch; and a buffer unit which is on-off controlled in accordance with an output current of the first and second power switches and provides the PWM control signal to the inverter unit.

Abstract: A method of controlling a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine (PMSM) drive using a Deadbeat Predictive Current Control (DBPCC) scheme is provided. The method comprises: determining d-axis and q-axis stator current values (id, iq) representative of a measured PMSM current; determining d-axis and q-axis reference current values (id*, iq*); based on the stator current values (id, iq) and the reference current values (id*, iq*), determining d-axis and q-axis current correction values (Cd, Cq); determining corrected reference current values (id**, iq**) as a sum of the reference current values (id*, iq*) and the current correction values (Cd, Cq); and controlling the PMSM drive using the corrected reference current values (id**, iq**) as reference current inputs of the DBPCC scheme. A controller for performing the method; a system comprising the controller, a PMSM and associated power electronics; and a computer program for performing the method are also provided.

Abstract: A control device for an electric vehicle, includes: a DC power supply; a three-phase AC motor; an inverter that converts DC power supplied from the DC power supply into AC power and outputs the AC power to the three-phase AC motor; and a control unit that controls the inverter to control an input voltage to the three-phase AC motor. Further, when a parameter correlated with the input voltage includes a predetermined high frequency component, the control unit performs correction of adding a component for canceling out the high frequency component to the input voltage, and controls the three-phase AC motor based on the corrected input voltage.

Abstract: A configuration for stabilizing an AC voltage grid has a rotating phase-shifter that is configured to exchange reactive power with the AC voltage grid. The configuration is distinguished by a converter which has a grid side for connection to the AC voltage grid and a machine side for connection to the phase-shifter. A method is furthermore taught for stabilizing the AC voltage grid by way of the configuration.

Abstract: Aspects relate to an electric aircraft having a two-motor propulsion system and methods for use. An exemplary electric aircraft includes a flight component attached to the electric aircraft, where the flight component is configured to generate thrust, a first electric motor and a second electric motor, where each of the first electric motor and the second electric motor are mechanically connected to the flight component and configured to provide motive power to the flight component, and the second electric motor is able to provide motive power to the flight component if the first electric motor is inoperative.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a power source connected to a buffer capacitor. The apparatus comprises a first switch connected between the buffer capacitor and a driven switch. The buffer capacitor is charged by the power source when the first switch is turned off. The apparatus comprises a comparator. The comparator monitors the charging of the buffer capacitor. In response to the buffer capacitor reaching a threshold amount of charge, the comparator turns on the first switch to initiate a charge redistribution of charge from the buffer capacitor to the driven switch.

Abstract: A circuit for sensing the driving current of a motor, the circuit comprising: a driver configured to generate a driving current for each phase of a multiple-phase motor, the instantaneous sum of all the driving currents being zero; a current sensor for each phase of the multiple-phase motor, each current sensor configured to measure the driving current of that phase and comprising a plurality of current sensor elements arranged with respect to each other such that each current sensor element has the same magnitude of driving current systematic error due to magnetic fields external to the driving current to be measured; and a controller configured to, for each phase of the multiple-phase motor, generate an estimate of the driving current of that phase to be the measured driving current of that phase minus 1/n of the total of the measured driving currents for all phases, n being the number of phases of the multiple-phase motor.

Abstract: A motor drive monitors operation of a motor and adaptively track disturbances experienced by the motor. The motor drive receives a command signal and a cycle position signal. An estimated disturbance observed throughout a cycle of operation is stored in a look up table, and the motor drive uses the stored values as a feedforward value into a control module. The motor drive adaptively monitors operation of the motor and generates a new estimated disturbance value throughout each subsequent cycle of operation. The values of the estimated disturbance are updated within the look up table as a function of the new estimated disturbance values and of the previously stored values. The stored disturbance values adaptively track cyclic disturbances in the controlled machine or process and to reduce the effects of these cyclic disturbances on tracking error in the controlled machine or process.

Abstract: A system for and a method of frequency control of a variable-speed wind power generator are proposed. According to an implementation example of the present technology, there is an advantage in which the present technology may be involved in a frequency control of the system, thereby stabilizing the frequency of the system by controlling the frequency of the variable-speed wind power generator on the basis of a gain being varied according to a speed of a rotor.

Abstract: A battery state estimating apparatus as an embodiment includes a state estimator, a power estimator, and a determiner. The state estimator estimates a state of a battery. The power estimator estimates first power amount charged/discharged by the battery within a charging/discharging period, based on the state. The determiner compares the first power amount with second power amount inputted/outputted to/from the battery within the charging/discharging period and thereby determines validity of the state.

Abstract: A method for controlling a multiphase separately excited synchronous generator in a wind turbine is provided. The generator has a stator and an armature having an excitation input, connected to an excitation controller, for inputting an excitation current or an excitation voltage. The stator has a stator output, connected to a rectifier, for delivering stator currents. The rectifier is controllable to control the stator currents by detecting a speed of the armature or rotor, determining a setpoint power to be delivered by the generator or the turbine based on the speed, determining an excitation current or voltage based on the detected speed and determined setpoint power, inputting the excitation current or voltage by excitation controller at the excitation input, determining the stator currents as setpoint stator currents based on the speed and the setpoint power, and controlling the rectifier to set the stator currents to the setpoint stator currents.

Abstract: A controller for a compressor, more specifically for a first electrical VSD motor configured to drive a compressor element, the controller including a housing in which is provided a rectifier, a DC link with a DC bus and two inverters connected to the same DC bus, a first inverter configured to control the first VSD motor driving the compressor element, and a second inverter configured to control a second VSD motor driving a fan configured to cool the compressor.

Abstract: A device is provided for monitoring the compaction of concrete introduced into a slipform of a slipform paver by means of at least one concrete compacting device that has an asynchronous motor for driving an unbalanced mass which generates vibrations. The monitoring device comprises an apparatus for monitoring the stator current of the asynchronous motor, the apparatus being configured such that a change in the compaction of the concrete is determined based on an analysis of the stator current. The apparatus for monitoring the stator current of the asynchronous motor is preferably configured such that the amplitude spectrum of the stator current is determined in order to analyse the stator current. It is advantageous that the compaction of the concrete is not monitored using sensors which are exposed to harsh ambient conditions during operation of the slipform paver.

Abstract: An intermediate circuit adaptation device for a vehicle. The intermediate circuit adaptation device includes a DC intermediate circuit with at least two phases and a control unit. The control unit is configured to change the intermediate circuit voltage and/or the number of phases of the intermediate circuit on the basis of the current operating point.

Abstract: A PWM control unit generates signals for controlling switching elements in respective legs based on the magnitude relationship between individual Duty commands for the respective legs and triangular wave carriers having different initial phases and having a common cycle, a current estimation unit acquires detected values from a current detector at a sampling cycle different from the carrier cycle and estimates the phase currents, and a current control unit adjusts Duty commands so that the estimated phase currents coincide with target values for the phase currents.

Abstract: To provide a controller for a rotary machine which can simplify a configuration required for checking the shutoff function of the switching device, and an electric power steering apparatus therewith. A controller for a rotary machine performs a high potential side forcible shutoff which forcibly shuts off a high potential side switching device of a diagnosis object phase in a drive state where the winding current of the diagnosis object phase becomes positive, or a low potential side forcible shutoff which forcibly shuts off a low potential side switching device of the diagnosis object phase in a drive state where the winding current of the diagnosis object phase becomes negative; and determines failure of the device shutoff unit based on a detection value of current or voltage when performing the high potential side forcible shutoff or the low potential side forcible shutoff.

Abstract: A bidirectional AC power converter, having a front-end comprising parallel sets of three switches in series, which connects multi-phase AC to coupling transformer through a first set of tank circuits, for synchronously bidirectionally converting electrical power between the multi-phase AC and a DC potential, and for converting electrical power between the DC potential to a bipolar electrical signal at a switching frequency, controlled such that two of each parallel set of three switches in series are soft-switched and the other switch is semi-soft switched; the coupling transformer being configured to pass the bipolar electrical power at the switching frequency through a second set of the tank circuits to a synchronous converter, which in turn transfers the electrical power to a secondary system at a frequency different from the switching frequency.

Abstract: The rectifier includes: a main circuit unit configured to perform power conversion between AC power on a side of a three-phase AC power supply and DC power on a DC side by rectifying operation of a rectifying device and ON-OFF operation of a switching device; a power calculation unit configured to calculate a value of a power flowing between the side of the three-phase AC power supply and the DC side via the main circuit unit; and a control unit configured to perform control to execute the ON-OFF operation of the switching device, wherein the control unit changes a length of an ON period per cycle in the ON-OFF operation executed on the switching device according to the value of the power calculated by the power calculation unit.

Abstract: First to n-th (n is an integer of 2 or more) power conversion devices are connected in parallel to a load. First to n-th fuses are provided in first to n-th wirings, respectively. Each of the first to n-th power conversion devices includes a converter, an inverter, and a DC bus supplying a DC voltage from the converter to the inverter, and capacitors connected to the DC bus. An i-th (1?i?n?1) wiring includes the DC bus of an i-th power conversion device and the DC bus of an (i+1)-th power conversion device. The n-th wiring is connected between the DC bus of the n-th power conversion device and the DC bus of the first power conversion device.

Abstract: A rectifier assembly (20) for rectifying an AC voltage into a DC voltage has at least one first terminal (21, 22, 23), a second terminal (24) and an intermediate circuit (50). The first terminal (21, 22, 23) is connected via a circuit (31, 32, 33) to a neutral point (40), and the second terminal (24) is connected to the neutral point (40). The circuit arrangement (31, 32, 33) has a first branch (81) and a second branch (82) connected in parallel with the first branch (81). Both branches (81, 82) comprise a changeover arrangement (92, 93) and a coil (91, 94) connected in series with the changeover arrangement. The coil (91) in the first branch (81) is on the side of the changeover arrangement (92) averted from the neutral point (40), and the coil (94) in the second branch (82) is on the side facing the neutral point (40).

Abstract: A power conversion device includes a converter, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. The first capacitor is connected between a DC positive bus and a DC neutral point bus. The second capacitor is connected between the DC neutral point bus and a DC negative bus. The converter includes a diode rectifier connected between an AC power supply and each of the DC positive bus and the DC negative bus, and a first AC switch electrically connected between the AC power supply and the DC neutral point bus. The power conversion device further includes a first fuse electrically connected between the first AC switch and a connection point between the first and second capacitors.

Abstract: A charging system using a motor driving system, the motor driving system including: a battery and an inverter, the inverter configured to receive and convert a direct current (DC) power stored in the battery into a three-phase alternating current (AC) power and to output the three-phase AC power to a motor when the motor is driven and the motor configured to generate a rotation force using the three-phase AC power output from the inverter, the charging system includes a controller configured to control the inverter to boost a voltage at a neutral point of the motor and to output the boosted voltage to the battery by determining duty values of switching elements in the inverter when an external charging current is provided to the neutral point of the motor.

Abstract: A multi-level switched capacitor boost inverter includes a series connection of a two-switched capacitor circuit, a source module and at least one one-switched capacitor circuit. Level-shifted pulse width modulation is used to apply gate pulses to the switches. The multi-level switched capacitor boost inverter uses only three capacitors and a single DC voltage source to generate thirteen voltage levels at load terminals with a voltage gain of three. The capacitors of the two-switched capacitor circuit are self-balancing. Additional one-switched capacitor circuits can be added in series with the inverter. Each additional one-switched capacitor circuit increases the number of levels and increases the gain by one.

Abstract: A power conversion apparatus comprises, a converter that receives a three-phase AC power supply 1 and outputs a DC voltage, an inverter that is connected to the output of the converter and drives the AC motor via the output switch, a power switch for directly driving an AC motor from the AC power supply, a current detector for detecting the output current of the inverter, a voltage detector and a current detector for detecting the voltage and current of the power supply system on the input side of the converter, respectively, and a control unit for controlling the three-phase output voltage of the inverter based on the voltage command of three phases. The control unit includes a vector control unit that performs vector control of the AC motor and a synchronous incorporation controller. The synchronous incorporation controller switches to operate the inverter as a reactive power controller for the power supply system after closing the power switch to synchronize the AC motor with the AC power supply.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a motor vehicle (1) which has at least one electric machine (7) which can be/is operatively connected to at least one driven wheel (6) of the motor vehicle (1), and a safety device (13) which is assigned to a driven wheel (6), is independent of the electric machine (7) and when necessary applies a positive or negative torque to the driven wheel (6), wherein the electric machine (7) is operated by an inverter (8). There is provision that the inverter (8) is monitored for incorrectly set torques, and that the safety device (13) is actuated as a function of a detected incorrect torque.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger. The method includes: obtaining a first total charging time for controlling the H bridge in a first manner, a second total charging time for controlling the H bridge in a second manner, a first total discharging time for controlling the H bridge in the first manner and a second total discharging time for controlling the H bridge in the second manner; calculating a first total working time in the first manner and a second total working time in the second manner; and selecting a manner according to a relation between the first total working time and the second total working time to perform a temperature balanced control over the first to fourth switch transistor if the vehicle-mounted charger charges the power battery, or if the power battery discharges via the vehicle-mounted charger.

Abstract: A system for reducing at least one of motor loss or motor drive loss in a vehicle. The system includes a motor designed to convert electrical energy into torque. The system also includes a sensor designed to detect motor data corresponding to at least one of a motor torque or a motor speed of the motor. The system also includes a memory designed to store testing data including optimized current commands for multiple combinations of motor torques that were determined during testing of the motor or a similar motor. The system also includes a speed or torque controller coupled to the motor, the sensor, and the memory and designed to receive a speed or torque command and to determine a current command signal usable to control the motor based on the speed or torque command, the testing data, the detected motor data, and an artificial intelligence algorithm.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for operating an electric motor, wherein a vehicle dynamics controller transmits a driving-performance-related torque setpoint to an acoustic controller configured as a control device. The acoustic controller receives an input value for defining an acoustic signal as well as a phase angle of a rotor of the electric motor from the power electronics as well. To generate a dynamic torque setpoint, the acoustic controller modulates onto the driving-performance-related torque setpoint at least one torque pattern that depends on the phase angle of the rotor of the electric motor, wherein the dynamic torque setpoint is such that a sound according to the input value is generated by the electric motor and/or a drive train. The dynamic torque setpoint is transmitted to power electronics.

Abstract: A system for powering down-hole instrumentation/equipment used with an electrical submersible pump that has a motor and a cable, the system comprising a down-hole current transformer operable to convert a current in a phase of the cable to power down-hole instrumentation.

Abstract: A transformer is provided between a power supply and a load, and includes a front stage circuit and a rear stage circuit each having a function of performing switching so as to alternately invert a polarity of output relative to input. The transformer further includes: a series unit provided in at least one of both circuits and composed of a pair of reactance elements connected in series to each other via a connection point; and a switch device which, with both ends of the series unit serving as a first port, causes a part between one end of the series unit and the connection point, and a part between the other end of the series unit and the connection point, to serve as a second port alternately through switching while inverting a polarity, and executes power transmission from the first port to the second port or vice versa.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electric vehicle, a vehicle-mounted charger and a method for controlling the same. The method includes: obtaining a first total discharging period for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second total charging period for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when a power battery discharges via the vehicle-mounted charger; determining a relation between the first total discharging period and the second total discharging period; selecting a manner for controlling the H bridge according to a relation between the first total discharging period and the second total discharging period to perform temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

Abstract: A motor control circuit for an electric motor of an electric power assisted steering system comprises a switching circuit comprising a plurality of electrical switches, a current demand signal generator which converts the torque demand signal into a current demands signal; and a fault mode motor current controller that is responsive to an error signal that represents the difference between the current demand signal and the actual current flowing in the motor and is operable in the event of a fault where one phase is open-circuit to drive the remaining two phases as a single combined phase by generating a single voltage demand signal that is representative of the voltage to be applied across the combined phases, the voltage signal being in turn fed into a drive circuit for the switches that generates pulse width modulated switching signals for the switching circuit required to apply the voltage across the combined phases.

Abstract: A converter system and a method for operating a converter system having block-type energy feedback, in particular, includes: a power inverter that feeds energy back to an AC-voltage supply system, i.e. in particular a first power inverter; a DC/DC transformer having a control unit; and an electric motor, which is able to be fed by a second power inverter. The DC-voltage-side terminal of the second power inverter is connected to a first terminal of the DC/DC transformer 102, and a current-acquisition device for acquiring the current conveyed by the DC/DC transformer to the terminal of the regenerative power inverter on the DC-voltage side is connected to a control unit, e.g., such that the current values acquired by the current-acquisition device are supplied to the control unit.

Abstract: An induction machine includes a stator and a rotor, wherein a stator winding is arranged within the stator, a control device controls a converter such that the converter connects the stator winding to a power-supply network such that a stator current flows within the stator winding, and the stator current has a field-forming current component and a torque-forming current component, where the control device controls the converter such that, during load periods, a torque acts between the stator and the rotor, controls the converter during periods of rest such that a torque acts between the stator and the rotor, controls the converter at least at the beginning of the periods of rest such that the field-forming current component has a nominal value, and controls the converter during the load periods such that the field-forming current component has a lower value than the nominal value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an electric motor drive system for driving a low-voltage motor. The low-voltage motor includes a rotor and a stator that comprises a number of single-turn coils. A motor drive controller can control the low-voltage motor. The motor drive controller includes a current source inverter. The current source inverter includes driver circuitry configured to generate switching commands, a variable current source and motor commutation circuitry. The variable current source can generate a variable current that regulates power in the low-voltage motor. The motor commutation circuitry receives the variable current and switching commands, and commutates phase currents that are output to the low-voltage motor.

Abstract: An irrigation system broadly comprising a number of irrigation spans and a control system configured to operate single speed drive motors of the irrigation spans in a start-up mode, full speed mode, and wind-down mode. In the start-up mode, the motor controller gradually increases the drive motor speed from 0 rpms to a full speed by ramping a voltage applied to the drive motor from a starting voltage to a full speed voltage according to a start-up voltage profile over a start-up time interval. In the full speed mode, the motor controller operates the drive motor at a full speed voltage. In the wind-down mode, the motor controller gradually decreases the drive motor speed from full speed to 0 rpms by ramping the voltage applied to the drive motor from the full speed voltage to an ending voltage according to a wind-down voltage profile over a wind-down time interval.

Abstract: Described is an independent speed variable frequency generator system that may include a rotor and a stator. The system may further include a pilot generator stage including a magnetic field source positioned on the rotor and a set of pilot multiphase windings positioned on the stator. The system may also include a high frequency transformer stage including a first set of high frequency transformer multiphase windings positioned on the stator and a second set of high frequency transformer multiphase windings positioned on the rotor. The system may also include a main machine stage including a set of main field multiphase windings positioned on the rotor and a set of main armature multiphase windings positioned on the stator, where the second set of high frequency transformer multiphase windings are coupled directly to the set of main field multiphase windings. The system may include a generator control unit.

Abstract: In a process of cancelling shutdown of a second converter during transmission of electric power between a first power line and a second power line with voltage conversion by a first converter in a shutdown state of the second converter, a motor vehicle performs single element switching control that switches one switching element between third and fourth switching elements of the second converter while setting the other switching element off, such as to prevent an electric current in a reverse direction to an electric current flowing in a first reactor of the first converter from flowing in a second reactor of the second converter.

Abstract: A control system for an electric motor (10) comprises a current sensing means (14) arranged to produce a current sensing output indicative of electric current in the motor, current control means (20) arranged to receive a current demand and to control voltages applied to the motor, and correction means (26) arranged to receive the current sensing output and the current demand, and use them to generate a correction signal. The current control means (20) is arranged to receive the correction signal and to use the correction signal to correct the voltages applied to the motor.

Abstract: A three-phase regenerative drive employing multiple converter pulse width modulation (PWM) strategies. The drive includes a three-phase converter having inputs for connection to a three-phase AC source, the three-phase converter having three phase legs, a DC bus operably connected to the three-phase converter wherein the three phase converter is configured to direct current from the three-phase AC source to the DC bus, and a three-phase inverter operably connected to the DC bus and a motor, the three phase inverter configured to draw current from the DC bus and provide three phase command signals to the motor. The three-phase converter employs a first PWM strategy to supply current to the DC bus, and the converter employs a second PWM strategy to supply current to the DC bus if a total current in the three phase legs exceeds a selected threshold.

Abstract: A power conversion circuit is provided. A reference signal is integrated over a first timer period. A second signal is generated that is approximately proportional to an output current of the power conversion circuit. The second signal is integrated over a second time period. A first result of the integration of the reference signal is compared to a second result of the integration of the second signal. A fault signal is asserted if the second result is greater than the first result.

Abstract: A starter for an internal combustion engine includes a multi-phase brushless electric motor, a controller and an inverter. A method for controlling the starter includes determining initial current commands for operating the electric motor in response to an activation command. Electrical current supplied to the electric motor and a rotational position of an output member of the electric motor are monitored. The electrical current is monitored directly without an intervening current prediction step. Interim voltage commands are determined based upon the initial current commands and the monitored currents, and final voltage commands are determined by subjecting the interim voltage commands to voltage limits. A rotational position compensation term is determined based upon the rotational position and rotational speed of the electric motor, and operation of the inverter is controlled to control the electric motor based upon the final voltage commands and the rotational position compensation term.

Abstract: A motor-driven compressor for a vehicle includes a housing, a compression unit, a motor, and an inverter device. The inverter device includes an inverter circuit, a capacitor, a current sensor, a determination means configured to control switching elements in response to the current sensor not detecting a flow of current when the motor stops operating and configured to determine whether or not the current sensor detects a flow of current when controlling the switching elements, and a discharge starting means configured to start discharging the capacitor when the determination means determines that the flow of current has not been detected.

Abstract: To provide an AC rotary machine controller which can improve setting accuracy of torque command correction value in a region where change of torque command correction value to change of rotational speed and torque becomes large and where nonlinearity is high, and can suppress increase in data amount of correction value setting map. In correction value setting map, one or both of a torque axis unequal interval setting that sets interval of the torque command map axis to unequal interval in each rotational speed; and a rotation axis unequal interval setting that sets interval of the rotational speed map axis to unequal interval were done.

Abstract: A system or method for a VSD with an active converter including a controller, an inductor, an active converter, a DC link, and an inverter. The active converter is controlled to receive an input AC voltage and output a boosted DC voltage to a DC link, up to 850 VDC, the active converter using only low voltage semiconductor switches to provide the 850 VDC DC link voltage. The controller is configured to operate with a reactive input current magnitude equal to zero at a predetermined system load, and at system loads less than the predetermined system load, to introduce a reactive input current that results in a converter voltage having a magnitude less than the input voltage, wherein the vector sum of the input voltage and an inductor voltage is equal to the converter voltage.

Abstract: The invention relates to an input stage (1) for a motor controller (2), especially a motor controller for an electric motor, the input stage (1) being provided with an input (3) for inputting an input signal and an output (4) for connection to the motor controller (2). The input stage (1) is designed to generate a control signal from an input signal between a first voltage Uunten and a second voltage Uoben>Uunten and output said control signal as a parameter to the motor controller (2) via the output (4). In order to be able to simultaneously use the control input (13) for communicating, the input stage (1) comprises a first comparator (5) for comparing the input signal with a first threshold voltage Us1>Uoben as well as a data output unit (10). The data output unit (10) generates a communication signal on the basis of at least one portion of the input signal.

Abstract: A motor driving apparatus includes an AC-DC conversion unit configured to rectify an AC power supplied from an external AC power source, a DC link unit configured to stabilize a voltage rectified by the AC-DC conversion unit, and a DC-AC conversion unit configured to supply the AC power to a motor using the DC voltage from the DC link unit. The DC link unit may include one pair of film capacitors configured to remove a ripple of the rectified voltage, and the DC-AC conversion unit may include a 3-level inverter receiving the DC voltage from the one pair of film capacitors to supply the AC power to the motor.

Abstract: An electrical system including a three phase AC input supply and three or more H-bridge converter cells. Each H-bridge converter cell has: an active front end rectifier for receiving the three phase AC input supply and transforming it into a DC supply, thereby providing a rectifier current ii; a capacitor suitable to receive a capacitor current iC, the capacitor smoothing the DC supply; and an inverter suitable to receive an inverter current io, wherein io=ii?iC, said inverter transforming the received inverter current io into a single phase AC supply. The system also including a control subsystem, which provides a signal to each active front end rectifier to vary its respective rectifier current ii such that the difference between the rectifier current ii, provided by the active front end rectifier, and the inverter current io, received by the inverter, is substantially zero.