Abstract: The invention relates to an intermediate circuit discharge unit for an intermediate circuit discharge, in particular of a multi-level inverter, having a capacitor and a discharge circuit which is connected in parallel, where the discharge circuit has an active discharge branch with at least one first discharge element and a passive discharge branch with at least one second discharge element. The active discharge branch comprises a first control connection, and the passive discharge branch comprises a second control connection. The active discharge branch is coupled to the passive discharge branch via the first control connection in such a way that the active discharge branch can be controlled by the passive discharge branch, in particular a discharge via the active discharge branch can be activated or deactivated as required. The invention further relates to an electrical assembly, a vehicle, as well as a method.

Abstract: A battery diagnosis apparatus for diagnosing a battery including battery cells, the apparatus according to an embodiment may include a voltage measurer for measuring the voltage of each battery cell during a preset period of time, a voltage variation calculator for calculating an individual voltage variation of each battery cell during the preset period of time, an average voltage variation calculator for calculating an average voltage variation of the battery cells during the preset period of time, and an abnormality detector for determining that a voltage abnormality has occurred in at least one battery cell among the battery cells when a difference between the voltage variation of the at least one battery cell and the average voltage variation of the at least one battery cell is greater than a threshold value.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for diagnosing whether or not an error has occurred in battery cells, the apparatus including a voltage measurement circuit for measuring a voltage of a battery cell, a data processing circuit for calculating a target statistical value indicating a state of the battery cell based on a voltage measured by the voltage measurement circuit, and calculates a cumulative statistical value, and a diagnosis circuit that determines whether or not an error has occurred in the battery cell through a cumulative determination operation of comparing the cumulative statistical value with a cumulative reference value, and counts a number of times of cumulative error when it is determined that the error has occurred in the battery cell in the cumulative determination operation.

Abstract: An adapter is configured to be removably mounted to a rotary tool, the rotary tool having a battery mounting part configured such that a battery can be removably mounted thereto and an output shaft that is rotationally driven by power supply from the battery mounted to the battery mounting part. The adapter has a housing, a first mounting part that is formed on the housing and configured to be removably mounted to the battery mounting part, a second mounting part that is formed on the housing and configured such that the battery can be removably mounted thereto, and a detection part that is configured to detect the moving state of the adapter in at least one direction.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling inductive power transfer in an inductive power transfer system and a method for designing an inductive power transfer system with power accounting. The method of controlling inductive power transfer including measuring a characteristic of input power, a characteristic of power in the tank circuit, and receiving information from a secondary device. Estimating power consumption based on the measured characteristic of tank circuit power and received information and comparing the measured characteristic of input power, the information from the secondary device, and the estimated power consumption to determine there is an unacceptable power loss. The method for designing an inductive power transfer system with power accounting including changing the distance between a primary side and a secondary side and changing a load of the secondary side.

Abstract: A battery pack in one aspect of the present disclosure includes a battery and a controller provided with a counter value. During discharge of the battery pack, the controller calculates an addition value in accordance with a total number of use of the battery pack under a specified condition. The controller updates the counter value by adding the addition value. The controller prohibits the discharge of the battery pack in response to the counter value reaching a protection threshold.

Abstract: A locking mechanism includes a locking receptacle, a movable member, and a locking member. The locking receptacle has an opening with sloped walls leading into a slot configured to receive a connecting member. The connecting member includes sloped walls that converge along the direction of docking. The movable member is positioned in the locking receptacle and configured to rotate from an unlockable position to a lockable position to secure the connecting member. The locking member is configured to switch between a locked position and an unlocked position, and further configured to secure the movable member while the movable member is in the lockable position and while the locking member is in the locked position.

Abstract: A battery management circuit may be configured to monitor a plurality of battery cells. The battery management circuit may comprise a battery monitoring circuit, and a supply circuit configured to supply the battery monitoring circuit based on the plurality of battery cells. The supply circuit may comprise a DC/DC power converter and a regulator, and wherein the DC/DC power converter is configurable based on a number of monitored battery cells in the plurality of battery cells.

Abstract: A system for detecting a change in a battery cell may include instructions executable by a processor to determine a baseline profile of a battery cell with a capacitance sensor, detect a changed profile from the baseline profile with the capacitance sensor, match the changed profile with a stored profile where the stored profile is associated with a condition, and classify the battery cell as having the condition associated with the stored profile.

Abstract: A chargeable battery abnormality detection apparatus configured to detect an abnormality of a chargeable battery includes a processor; and a memory storing instructions executable by the processor, wherein the processor performs the following when executing instructions: calculating a value of an internal resistance of the chargeable battery; determining whether the chargeable battery is being charged or being discharged; determining that an abnormality has occurred in the chargeable battery if either one of the following occurs: the calculated value of the internal resistance decreases while the chargeable battery is being discharged; and the calculated value of the internal resistance increases while the chargeable battery is being charged; and outputting a determination result of the abnormality.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery pack apparatus (1) for an electric handheld power tool, including a housing device (10) and a rechargeable battery pack (20) which has at least one pouch cell (21, 22, 23, 24) is. In this case, a detecting device (50) having a detecting element (52), which is coupled to the rechargeable battery pack (20), and a sensor (51), which is arranged fixed to the housing, are provided, wherein the sensor (51) is designed for detecting the detecting element (52) when a distance between the detecting element (52) and the sensor (51) is below a defined distance. A method for operating a rechargeable battery pack apparatus (1) of this kind is also described.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage system, a controller, and methods of using the same are provided. The system includes battery packs connected in parallel, one or more battery power management unit, one or more power converters, and a controller. The controller includes one or more processor and at least one tangible, non-transitory machine readable medium encoded with one or more programs configured to perform steps for discharging or charging. The steps include: reading data including state of health (SOH) and state of charge (SOC) from each battery pack, connecting a respective battery pack with a respective power converter; receiving a power command from an energy management system, calculating a respective power rate of each battery pack based on the data of SOH, SOC, and the power command, and discharging power from battery packs to a grid or charging power to battery packs based on the power rate of each battery pack.

Abstract: A system includes a multicore chip configured to perform machine learning (ML) operations. The system also includes a power monitoring module configured to measure power consumption of the multicore chip on a main power rail of the multicore chip. The power monitoring module is further configured to assert a signal in response to the measured power consumption exceeding a first threshold. The power monitoring module is further configured to transmit the asserted signal to a power throttling module to initiate a power throttling for the multicore chip.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling a discharge of a battery pack that supplies power to a portable electronic device. The battery pack has one or more cell blocks each having a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel. The method includes the following steps. Determining, for each of the one or more cell blocks, a value of a first supply current flowing through a first battery cell that has the smallest capacity among the plurality of battery cells. Comparing, for each of the one or more cell blocks, the value of the first supply current with a first overcurrent value of the first battery cell to detect overcurrent in the first battery cell. Generating, in response to detecting the overcurrent in the first battery cell of any of the one or more cell blocks, a first overcurrent signal to reduce the power supplied to the portable electronic device.

Abstract: A circuit for controlling a battery includes a switch having a source, a gate, a drain, and a first diode. The source is connected to an anode of the first diode. The drain is connected to a cathode of the first diode. The drain is configured to be connected to a positive terminal of the battery. The circuit also includes a second diode. An anode of the second diode is configured to be connected to a negative terminal of the battery. A cathode of the second diode is connected to the source of the switch. The circuit is configured to switch the battery on and off.

Abstract: A process and system for measuring internal faults in an electrochemical cell is provided. The process for detecting an internal fault in an electrochemical cell includes measuring a voltage difference or a rate of change in voltage difference between a common terminal of a first electrochemical cell and a second electrochemical cell. The first electrochemical cell or second electrochemical cell is accepted based on the measuring, or first electrochemical cell or second electrochemical cell is rejected based on the measure of the internal fault of the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Systems and methods for supplying power from a multi-cell battery to a single-cell power management integrated circuit. One implementation of the system includes a voltage converter circuit, a control circuit, and a signal buffer circuit. The voltage converter circuit is configured to scale a positive battery terminal voltage signal received from the multi-cell battery to generate a scaled voltage signal. The control circuit is configured to select one of the scaled voltage signal or a cell voltage signal received from the multi-cell battery. The control circuit is also configured to output a high-impedance single-cell power signal including the selected one of the scaled voltage signal or the cell voltage signal. The signal buffer circuit is configured to buffer the high-impedance single-cell power signal to generate a low-impedance single-cell power signal for a voltage sense pin of the single-cell power management integrated circuit.

Abstract: A solid ion conductive material can include a complex metal halide. The complex metal halide can include at least one alkali metal element. In an embodiment, the solid ion conductive material including the complex metal halide can be a single crystal. In another embodiment, the ion conductive material including the complex metal halide can be a crystalline material having a particular crystallographic orientation. A solid electrolyte can include the ion conductive material including the complex metal halide.

Abstract: A power supply system may include a target device and an adapter. The target device may include an adapter connection switch that receives adapter recognition information to form a connection with the adapter, a voltage detection unit that receives an output voltage from an adapter, and a voltage-change-requesting unit that outputs a voltage to request a voltage change based on information on the output voltage from the adapter. The adapter may include a device information recognition unit that receives the voltage to request a voltage change, and an output-voltage-changing unit that changes the output voltage based on the voltage to request a voltage change.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a first battery, a second battery, a power management integrated circuit, a memory, and a processor. The memory is configured to store information on a first full-charging voltage value of the first battery and a second full-charging voltage value of the second battery. The processor is configured to detect whether the electronic device is connected to an external electronic device for supplying power to the first battery or the second battery. When the first full-charging voltage value is higher than the second full-charging voltage value the processor is configured to, electrically connect the first battery to the power management integrated circuit and electrically disconnect the second battery from the power management integrated circuit. The processor is further configured to charge the first battery electrically connected to the power management integrated circuit based on power obtained from the external electronic device.

Abstract: A method for determining a state of charge of at least one battery cell, having the following steps to enable an improved determination of the state of charge of a lithium iron phosphate cell: generating an alternating current pulse in a circuit connected to the at least one battery cell, determining an impedance of the at least one battery cell on the basis of the alternating current pulse and determining the state of charge by comparing the impedance to predefined map data, wherein a relationship between the impedance and the state of charge of the at least one battery cell is determined from the predefined map data.

Abstract: An embodiment takes the form of a locker includes a mobility device repository, an electrical system, a kiosk having a user interface, and a communication interface communicatively connected to a network. The mobility device repository is configured to secure one or more personal mobility devices at the mobility device repository. The electrical system is configured to receive electrical power and to charge respective batteries of the personal mobility devices secured at the mobility device repository using the electrical power. The locker receives a personal mobility device at the mobility device repository and secures the received personal mobility device at the mobility device repository, and receives a checked-in indication that the personal mobility device is checked in. The checked-in indication is received via the user interface or via the communication interface over the network. The locker charges a respective battery of the received personal mobility device using the electrical system.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for a battery. The apparatus may be configured to prevent leakage current from the battery to a number of sub-systems by selectively operating switches that connect the battery to the sub-systems. Operation of the switches may be based on whether the battery is charging or discharging and the capacity of the battery.

Abstract: The electrical system (100) includes: —a capacitor (C); —an electrical power supply device (102); —an electrical power receiving device (104); —a current-consuming electrical circuit (108) designed to consume a current (i) entering via a first interface terminal (BA) and exiting via a second interface terminal (BB). The electrical system (100) being designed such that the current-consuming electrical circuit (108) consumes the discharge current (i) when the electrical power supply device (102) is connected to the terminals of the capacitor (C). The current-consuming electrical circuit (108) includes a transistor (Q1) arranged such that the consumed current (i) enters via a current input terminal (C1) of the transistor (Q1) and exits via a current output terminal (E1) of the transistor (Q1), and in that the current output terminal (E1) is connected to a control terminal (B1) of the transistor (Q1) in order to stabilize the transistor (Q1).

Abstract: A battery management system includes one or more processors, a battery comprising a plurality of cells, an output device, an input device, and a memory having an input module, a battery characteristic prediction module, and an output module. The input module includes instructions that cause the one or more processors to receive a mode selection from a user via the input device. The battery characteristic prediction module includes instructions that cause the one or more processors to predict a characteristic of the battery based on the mode selection using an active machine learning model to predict the characteristic of the battery. The output module includes instructions that cause the one or more processors to output an estimated cost to the output device based on the characteristic of the battery determined by the active machine learning model.

Abstract: An autonomous cleaning device (1), such as a robotic vacuum (1), has an optical sensor (50) that includes: a rotary body (51) configured to rotate relative to a main body (2) about a rotational axis (CX); a light-emitting device (61) provided on the rotary body; a light-receiving device (62) provided on the rotary body; a cover (52) disposed upward of the rotary body; and legs (70) disposed around the rotary body and supporting the cover. In a cross section orthogonal to the rotational axis, at least a portion of a surface of each of the legs is inclined with respect to a virtual radial line (RL) extending in the radial direction of the rotational axis.

Abstract: A streaming media device includes a printed circuit board hosting components configured to access internet data. An audio/visual connector is linked to the printed circuit board, wherein the audio/visual connector is adapted for connection to an audio/visual device, wherein the audio/visual connector is adapted to operate with a first audio/visual interface having sufficient power to fully operate the printed circuit board and a second audio/visual interface having insufficient power to fully operate the printed circuit board. A power connector is linked to the printed circuit board, wherein the power connector selectively receives power based on the audio/visual connector utilizing one of the first audio/visual interface and the second audio/visual interface.

Abstract: A battery system includes a system controller connected to a controller area network (CAN) bus, and stations respectively connected to nodes of the CAN bus, wherein, a first station of the stations is configured to detect that a first battery pack has been coupled thereto, and is configured to transmit a first detection signal to the system controller, wherein the system controller is configured to provide a first wake-up signal for waking up the first battery pack to the first station in response to the first detection signal, wherein the first station is configured to wake up a first battery controller of the first battery pack in response to the first wake-up signal, and wherein the system controller is configured to be woken up and to transmit a command for allocating a first identifier (ID) corresponding to the first station to the first battery controller having a default ID via the CAN bus.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell unit including first to nth fuel cells connected in series to each other to supply electric power to a load device; first to nth supply systems that independently supply cathode gas to the first to nth fuel cells, respectively; a switching device capable of switching a state between a connected state and a disconnected state; and a control unit, when required output to the fuel cell unit is equal to or smaller than a threshold value, configured to control the switching device to switch the state from the connected state to the disconnected state, and to control the first to nth supply systems to respectively control the first to nth fuel cells so as to respectively control flow rates of the cathode gas to be supplied to the first to nth fuel cells.

Abstract: A charge and discharge circuit includes: a charging loop, including a battery pack, a first switch module and a charging device connected in series, where, the charging loop is configured to charge the battery pack using the charging device, and precharge the charging device; and a discharging loop, including the battery pack, a second switch module and an electric device connected in series, where, the discharging loop is configured to make the battery pack discharge to the electric device, and precharge the electric device; where, the first switch module and the second switch module each include at least one switch, and a part of switches in the first switch module and the second switch module are semiconductor switches, and the other part of the switches in the first switch module and the second switch module are relays.

Abstract: A system includes a vehicle and an induction unit external to the vehicle. The induction unit includes a primary coil designed as a primary induction coil, and the vehicle includes a low voltage on-board electrical system having a secondary coil designed as a secondary induction coil. An alternating voltage can be induced in at least one part of the low-voltage on-board electrical system by the electromagnetic coupling of the secondary coil to the primary coil, and at least one component of the low-voltage on-board electrical system can be fed with the induced alternating voltage or with direct voltage via a rectifier.

Abstract: A battery module increases heat dissipation by causing electronic cooling to occur at a breakdown voltage or higher, a battery pack including the battery module and a vehicle including the battery pack. The battery module includes a battery cell assembly having a plurality of battery cells and lead junction parts in which respective leads of the battery cells are joined to each other includes a thermoelectric device in which a heat absorbing portion is located on surfaces of the battery cells which are located at both outsides among the battery cells in the battery cell assembly, which correspond to a side surface of the battery cell assembly; and a constant voltage device configured to divert a current of the battery module to the thermoelectric device when an overcharge of the battery module occurs, to electronically cool the battery module when the overcharge of the battery module occurs.

Abstract: A battery module improves heat dissipation by causing electronic cooling to occur at a specific voltage or higher, a battery pack including the battery module and a vehicle including the battery pack. The battery module including a plurality of battery cells and lead junction parts in which respective leads of the battery cells are joined to each other includes a thermoelectric device mounted onto the lead junction part; and a constant voltage device configured to divert a current of the battery module to the thermoelectric device when an overcharge of the battery module occurs, and wherein the thermoelectric device is driven to electronically cool the lead junction part of the battery module when the overcharge of the battery module occurs.

Abstract: Embodiments provide capabilities by which a user provides interactive inputs for allocating use of the available power budget of an IHS (Information Handling System) when a conflict in the power budget is detected. The power demand of the IHS processor(s) is monitored. When a USB device is coupled to the IHS, a power output to the USB device is enabled within the available power budget. Upon detecting an increase in the power demand of the processor, the power budget may be exceeded. The user is then prompted to specify whether to prioritize use of the power budget for performance of the IHS or for charging the USB device. Based on inputs provided by the user, the processor may be throttled or the power output to the USB device may be reduced. The user is thus provided a capability for resolving individual power budget conflicts based on the user's current preferences.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for locating a cause of the premature discharge of a battery in a vehicle. To simplify locating a cause of the premature discharge of a battery in a vehicle, it is proposed to monitor the current drawn from the battery via an electrical system of the vehicle in the ignition-off-state. Data collected as part of the monitoring can then be examined either alone or in conjunction with additional, in particular, vehicle-specific and/or global data, for information relevant to isolating and/or determining the cause.

Abstract: A battery module increases heat dissipation by causing electronic cooling to occur at a breakdown voltage or higher, a battery pack including the battery module and a vehicle including the battery pack. The battery module includes a battery cell assembly having a plurality of battery cells and lead junction parts in which respective leads of the battery cells are joined to each other includes a thermoelectric device in which a heat absorbing portion is located on surfaces of the battery cells which are located at both outsides among the battery cells in the battery cell assembly, which correspond to a side surface of the battery cell assembly; and a constant voltage device configured to divert a current of the battery module to the thermoelectric device when an overcharge of the battery module occurs, to electronically cool the battery module when the overcharge of the battery module occurs.

Abstract: Provided is a consideration decision unit configured to decide, when the portable energy storage equipment transferred from one body to another body as a first transfer at a first timing is transferred from the other body or still another body which is different from the other body to the one body as a second transfer at a second timing, a consideration for the second transfer of the portable energy storage equipment at the second timing based on at least one of (i) a length of a period from the first timing to the second timing and (ii) a deterioration state of the portable energy storage equipment at the second timing.

Abstract: A battery cell monitoring system and method of operating the system are provided. The system includes a plurality sense lines and a plurality of cell sense units that each include an active semiconductor device are electrically coupled to the sense lines for transferring a device current characteristic of a bias voltage based on an input device voltage applied thereto. A cell sense reader unit includes a voltage generator for outputting the input voltage to the cell sense units in an alternating fashion across each of the sense lines. The cell sense reader unit includes a current measuring device for sampling the device current output from the active semiconductor device as the input device voltage is alternated. The cell sense reader unit calculates the bias voltage and determines a cell voltage of each of a plurality of battery cells each connected to one of the cell sense units.

Abstract: A mobile power system may include an AC-DC converter configured to convert a grid AC signal to a power limited DC charging signal, and a DC-AC converter coupled to the AC-DC converter. The mobile power system may have a battery module configured to provide a DC power signal, and a switching circuit coupled between the battery module, and the AC-DC converter and the DC-AC converter. The switching circuit may include a first switch, and a first diode coupled in parallel to the first switch. The mobile power system also may include a controller coupled to the battery module and the switching circuit and configured to selectively switch the switching circuit between a first state, a second state, and a third state based upon a threshold voltage value from the battery module.

Abstract: A method of charging a battery of electric accumulators from the electric power supplied by an electric generator, wherein the battery is charged to a first maximum state of charge in a first operating mode and to a second maximum state of charge, lower than the first maximum state of charge, in a second operating mode, the method including switching from the second operating mode to the first operating mode when a criterion using the battery temperature or the ratio of a first quantity representative of the available power which may be supplied by the electric generator to a second quantity representative of the power consumed from the battery is fulfilled.

Abstract: An in-vehicle power storage device that discharges a battery in a case where collision of a vehicle is detected or predicted, and stops discharging the battery when an over-discharged state has not been reached, and a control method thereof. The in-vehicle power storage device includes: a battery mounted in a vehicle; charge-state detection means for detecting a charge state of the battery; and a discharging load for discharging the battery, and a control device which includes: battery charge-state detection means for detecting a charge state; a battery discharger means for discharging the battery using the load if collision of the vehicle is detected or predicted; and discharge stopping means to stop discharging the battery before the battery becomes over-discharged.

Abstract: Provided are a negative active material and a lithium battery including the negative active material. The negative active material includes a non-carbonaceous core allowing doping or undoping of lithium ion; and a double coating layer formed on at least one portion of a surface of the non-carbonaceous core and including a first coating layer including a metal and a second coating layer including a metal oxide or a metal nitride.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for an electronic device. One method includes storing a data structure at a memory device by a processor, where the data structure is configured to store a plurality of parameters used for determining a discharge ratio of a first battery pack and a second battery pack of a charging system of a device, the discharge ratio indicating a relative rate of discharge of the first battery pack and the second battery pack; detecting by the processor, a discharge condition associated with at least one of the first battery pack and the second battery pack; utilizing by the processor, the data structure for determining the discharge ratio; and controlling by the processor, based on the determined discharge ratio, a discharge rate of the first battery pack using a first voltage controller and a discharge rate of the second battery pack using a second voltage controller.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include control methods employed in multiphase distributed energy storage systems that are located behind utility meters typically located at, but not limited to, medium and large commercial and industrial locations. These distributed energy storage systems can operate semi-autonomously, and can be configured to develop energy control solutions for an electric load location based on various data inputs and communicate these energy control solutions to the distributed energy storage systems. In some embodiments, one or more distributed energy storage systems may be used to absorb and/or deliver power to the electric grid in an effort to provide assistance to or correct for power transmission and distribution problems found on the electric grid outside of an electric load location. In some cases, two or more distributed energy storage systems are used to form a controlled and coordinated response to the problems seen on the electric grid.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for a battery. The apparatus may enable/disable a protection circuit to prevent current leakage and discharging of the battery. The apparatus may comprise a control switch to enable/disable the protection circuit without an external power supply.

Abstract: A cleaner includes: a suction motor that generates suction force; a dust separation unit disposed under the suction motor and separates dust from air; a handle disposed behind the suction motor; and a battery disposed under the handle and behind the dust separation unit to supply power to the suction motor.

Abstract: This storage battery module includes battery cells, a first plate-shaped member, and a second plate-shaped member opposing the first plate-shaped member across an insulating member. The first plate-shaped member has conductors formed therein. The second plate-shaped member has formed therein a heat dispersion region opposing at least a portion of the conductors of the first plate-shaped member across the insulating member. Heat generated in the conductors of the first plate-shaped member is transferred to the heat dispersion region of the opposing second plate-shaped member, and the heat is dispersed inside the heat dispersion region.

Abstract: A wireless power system receives an input voltage signal from a first node of a secondary side coil, comprises an active rectifier, a buck converter, and a linear charger comprising a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a mode switching circuit, a current mirror circuit. The active rectifier rectifies the input voltage signal to generate a rectified voltage signal. The first resistor couples between a first node point and second node point. The second resistor couples between the second node point and ground terminal. The third resistor couples between a third node point and ground terminal. The current mirror circuit outputs a reference current and charge current according to the rectified voltage signal and mode switching signal generated by the mode switching circuit. The buck converter outputs a first output voltage signal or second output voltage signal according to a first node point voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless battery management system and a battery pack including the same. The wireless battery management system may be operably coupled to a top-level controller, and includes a master BMS and a plurality of slave BMSs. The master BMS is configured to allocate different identification information to the plurality of slave BMSs using a wireless signal according to an identification information allocation command from the top-level controller. Each slave BMS may be configured to set its wireless address and regular ID by receiving the wireless signal when waking up by the top-level controller according to a predefined rule.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for protection against an undue overheating of a charging control, discharging control and/or a secondary battery is disclosed, the circuit arrangement comprising the secondary battery, the charging and/or discharging control for charging and/or discharging the secondary battery, a connector for connecting the charging and discharging control to an external power supply, at least one current limiting electronic component arranged in electrical connection to the charging and/or discharging control and optionally, a switchable load.