Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for measuring electrical parameters in a conductor without requiring a galvanic connection. A device includes a body and a clamp jaw assembly movable between an open position that allows a conductor to be moved into a measurement area, and a closed position that secures the conductor within the measurement area. The clamp jaw assembly includes sensors positioned inside a clamp jaw of the clamp jaw assembly. A user may apply a force to an actuator to move the clamp jaw assembly from the closed position into the open position so that the conductor may be positioned and secured in the measurement area. The clamp jaw assembly includes a visual indicator to guide the user to position the conductor within an optimal region in the measurement area. The clamp jaw assembly is sized and dimensioned to automatically position the conductor within the optimal region during measurements.

Abstract: A circuit to mitigate arc failures in an electrical power distribution system can include a solid state distribution system connected to a source of power and to a load, a solid state power controller (SSPC) having a set of field effect transistors (FETs) responsive to command signals from the SSPC wherein an arc in a wire bond of a failed FET can trigger a predetermined sequence to quench the arc and isolate remaining wire bond material in the failed FET from contaminating a creepage path.

Abstract: A cable accessory for injecting fluid into a cable. The accessory has first and second ends configured to be coupled to the cable and an external cable accessory, respectively. The accessory has an injection port configured to introduce the fluid to a stranded conductor of the cable. The accessory may include a body and conductive rod. The body defines a through-channel configured to receive the conductor. The rod has a first portion that extends outwardly from the second end to be received inside the external cable accessory and to form an electrical connection therewith. The rod has a second portion configured to be coupled to the conductor and form an electrical connection therewith. The second portion (with the conductor coupled thereto) is positionable inside the through-channel with the first portion extending outward from the second end. The fluid is injectable into the conductor through injection port, which extends into the through-channel.

Abstract: A snap fastener system includes a conductive first snap fastener portion in electrical and physical contact with a first electronic component, a second snap fastener portion, and a snap ring including tines mated to one of the first and/or second snap fastener portions and including one or more conductive insulation displacement tines which cut through the insulation covering a wire to be electrically coupled to the first electronic component.

Abstract: A non-contact voltage detector for detecting and indicating voltage. The non-contact voltage detector includes a housing having a voltage detection probe and plurality of light sources. The housing further includes an integral power source that is rechargeable via an external power source coupled to a user input port. The power source provides electrical energy to the non-contact voltage detector that further includes a controller and control circuit that is operably connected to at least one light source. The controller and control circuit can detect electrical energy at the user input port, detect the charge state of the integral power source, charge the integral power source, and emit one or more charge state light indicators when the state of the integral power source changes. In addition, the light sources can indicate the presence of voltage at the probe and can be independently activated by one or more switches.

Abstract: An insert for constructing a cable accessory used to inject a fluid into a cable. The cable accessory has an outer body defining an interior configured to house a conductor of the cable. The outer body includes an injection port with an internal channel configured to receive the fluid. The insert has first and second portions. The first portion is configured to line a portion of the interior of the cable accessory. The first portion has a first through-channel configured to allow the conductor of the cable to pass at least partway therethrough. The second portion is configured to line the internal channel of the injection port. The second portion has a second through-channel in fluid communication with the first through-channel. The insert is less permeable to the fluid than the outer body of the cable accessory. The insert may be molded into the outer body.

Abstract: A partial discharge sensor evaluation method includes a first frequency characteristic measuring process in which, in a state where a reference antenna 3 for which a frequency characteristic in an effective height is known and a measuring antenna 2 are installed on a flat ground 1 to be separated by a predetermined distance from each other, a transmission characteristic measurer 4 measures a frequency characteristic of a transmission characteristic between the reference antenna 3 and the measuring antenna 2, and a second frequency characteristic measuring process in which, in a state where a measured antenna 9 is installed inside a cylindrical ground 6 buried in a circular opening 5 formed at a position where the reference antenna 3 has been installed, the transmission characteristic measurer 4 measures the frequency characteristic of the transmission characteristic between the measured antenna 9 and the measuring antenna 2.

Abstract: An intelligent electrical switch comprising a conventional mechanical switch connected to a computer system in communication with an external device and receiving instructions therefrom. The switch may be installed in an existing circuit to replace one switch in a multi-way wiring geometry, and includes a sensor detecting current on the neutral line. By determining the circuit state, the switch can determine whether, when instructions are received wirelessly to power the circuit on or off, the mechanical switch element should be toggled.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for use of an autonomously powered inductive time domain reflectometer sensor device are provided. A sensor device for a power line can include a first induction coil and a second induction coil coupled to the power line and a control device. The first induction coil can be configured to inject a first signal on a power line by inducing a first current on the power line. The second induction coil can be configured to inject a second signal on the power line by inducing a second current on the power line. The control device can be configured to control the second induction coil to inject the second signal to cancel a portion of the first signal. As a result of the second signal cancelling a portion of the first signal, the first signal can be configured to propagate in a single direction on the power line.

Abstract: A clamp meter is revealed. The clamp includes a pair of jaws disposed on a main body. The main body is arranged with a display panel and a plurality of buttons. The pair of jaws can be opened or closed by manual operation to get data of an object that users intend to measure. The data is transferred to the main body and shown on the display panel. Users can switch to the electrical parameter that they need by pressing the buttons. The clamp meter features on a plurality of indicator lights disposed on the pair of jaws. Users can obtain current data directly by observing the indicator lights.

Abstract: A partial discharge monitoring system includes: electromagnetic wave detection sensors disposed in insulating gas enclosures being objects to be monitored, converting devices, and an interface device. The interface device includes: a detecting part detecting a zero cross point of a voltage signal synchronous with a voltage signal applied to conductors disposed in the insulating gas enclosures, and deciding a sampling timing of signals of electromagnetic waves; a transmitting part notifying the sampling timing decided by the detecting part to the converting devices; an integrating part integrating digital data which are received from the converting devices on per converting device basis; and a transmitting part transmitting the integrated digital data to a monitoring device.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a spark plug comprising the steps of: placing an assembly of the center electrode, an insulator, and a metal shell in a pressure resistant vessel and determining whether or not the insulator has a defect by applying a voltage to the center electrode, and bending the ground electrode toward the center electrode after the defect inspection step, the defect inspection step being performed while a pressure in the pressure resistant vessel is changed to a plurality of different pressures.

Abstract: An electric working machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a motor, a current detector, a voltage detector, and a load state determination unit. The current detector is configured to detect a current flowing through the motor during drive of the motor. The voltage detector is configured to detect an input voltage supplied to the motor during drive of the motor. The load state determination unit is configured to determine whether the motor is in a no-load operation state based on the detected current, the detected input voltage and an output voltage from an electric power source.

Abstract: The vacuum tube subject to the present invention comprises a filament and two pairs of a grid and an anode. The filament is tensioned linearly and emitting thermoelectrons. Both of the anodes are formed on the same face on a planar substrate. The filament is arranged parallel to the planar substrate at a position facing both of the anodes. Each of the grids is arranged, such that the grid faces the anode in the same pair at a first predetermined distance from the anode and has a second predetermined distance from the filament, between the anode and the filament. The vacuum tube comprises an intermediate filament fixing part fixing the filament at a position corresponding to an intermediate point between the anodes of the two pairs.

Abstract: In some embodiments, apparatus are provided that provide for flexible processing in both high productivity combinatorial (HPC) and full wafer modes. The apparatus allow for interchangeable functionality that includes deposition with different sizes of targets, plasma treatment, ion beam treatment, and in-situ metrology. The functional modules are designed so that the modules may be interchanged with minimal effort and reduced system downtime.

Abstract: A power line indicator accessory configured to simultaneously determine an operating state of a plurality of conductors establishing a circuit connection to a plurality of circuit protection devices such as a fusible switch disconnect devices or modular fuse holders arranged side-by-side in an array. The accessory includes an onboard power supply and a thin, elongated body facilitating its use in tight spaces.

Abstract: A partial discharge detector for gas-insulated electric apparatus of an embodiment detects an electromagnetic wave ascribable to partial discharge in a gas-insulated electric apparatus which is filled with insulating gas, and in which a conductor to which high voltage is applied is supported in conductor supporting holes provided at centers of a plurality of disk-shaped insulating plates, and a plurality of flanged-conductive pipes form a hermetically sealed container, with flange portions thereof pressingly sandwiching and holding peripheral edge portions of the insulating plates from both surface sides. The partial discharge detector for gas-insulated electric apparatus of this embodiment is characterized in that an antenna detecting the electromagnetic wave is disposed in close contact on a portion, of each of the insulating plates, exposed from the flange portions of the flanged conductive pipes, via an elastic member capable of transmitting the electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: A pulsed discharge helium ionization detector for gas chromatography with multiple combined bias/collecting electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for checking the operability of a sensor element (100) for determining the concentration of gas components in a gas mixture, particularly of the concentration of gas components in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engine, having an external pump electrode (APE) and an internal pump and Nernst electrode (IPE), a measurement resistor (Rm) and a balancing resistor (Rtrim) connected parallel thereto being provided upstream of the external pump electrode (APE), and a pump current (Ip) being impressible into the external pump electrode by means of a pump current source, and a measuring voltage (Um) incident across the measuring resistor (Rm) via a measuring and analysis device (200) being detectable, characterized in that an activatable switch means (S) is disposed in series to the measuring resistor (Rm), which can be switched at a high impedance for a predetermined amount of time, during which the voltage across the measuring resistor is detected and analyzed in the measurin

Abstract: A partial discharge detector for gas-insulated electric apparatus of an embodiment detects an electromagnetic wave ascribable to partial discharge in a gas-insulated electric apparatus which is filled with insulating gas, and in which a conductor to which high voltage is applied is supported in conductor supporting holes provided at centers of a plurality of disk-shaped insulating plates, and a plurality of flanged-conductive pipes form a hermetically sealed container, with flange portions thereof pressingly sandwiching and holding peripheral edge portions of the insulating plates from both surface sides. The partial discharge detector for gas-insulated electric apparatus of this embodiment is characterized in that an antenna detecting the electromagnetic wave is disposed in close contact on a portion, of each of the insulating plates, exposed from the flange portions of the flanged conductive pipes, via an elastic member capable of transmitting the electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: The invention provides a system of generation of multi-channel analog output signals, from a single analog input signal, and the controlled activation of peripheral devices responsive to the multi-channel analog output signals. A single-channel to multi-channel analog-to-analog converter is provided to convert the single analog input signal to multiple output channels. Uni-directional coupling is used for coupling and mixing the multi-channel outputs and transferring the mixed outputs to a data buss. Signals on the data buss are used to drive the multiple peripheral devices.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for measuring cathode fall within a fluorescent lamp that contains an electrode and a gas. A level of cathode fall associated with the electrode may be identified based on an intensity and wavelength of radiation emitted by the gas.

Abstract: Sampling is performed. A strobe signal is generated from a first signal. Multiple sampled signals are sampled using the strobe signal. Each of the multiple sampled signals is synchronous with its own clock reference and each of clock references are asynchronous with respect to each other. Analog-to-digital conversion is performed on each sampled value of each of the multiple sampled signals. For each of the clock references that is not synchronous with the first signal, a phase comparison is performed between the clock reference and the first signal to produce a difference value. The difference value indicates a phase difference between the clock reference and the first signal. Analog-to-digital conversion of the difference value is performed at a frequency determined by the strobe signal.

Abstract: A circuit configuration has an integrated semiconductor element, preferably, an intelligent power semiconductor, and a display element. A display element diagnoses and displays disturbances in the integrated semiconductor element. The display element connects electrically firstly to the diagnostic output of the semiconductor element and secondly to the load output of the power stage, and contains light-emitting semiconductor diodes. The light-emitting diodes are connected in antiparallel and output to their environment visual information items and can be distinguished in accordance with the current fed to them.

Abstract: A lightning detection and data acquisition system. A plurality of remote programmable sensor is utilized to detect cloud to ground and IC lightning strikes. Analog representations of the lightning strikes are converted to digital signals. The digital signals are classified according to user changeable criteria. The classified digital signals are compressed and optionally decimated. The compressed information is transmitted to a central location where it is decompressed and used to correlate the location, magnitude, and travel path of the detected lightning strikes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of diagnosing a partial discharge in a gas-insulated apparatus and a partial discharge diagnosing system for carrying out the same to achieve highly accurate diagnosis through the detection of a partial discharge signal and diagnosing the partial discharge signal through multiple conditional branching. The partial discharge diagnosing system of the present invention consists: a partial discharge signal detector for detecting a partial discharge signal representing a partial discharge produced in the gas-insulated apparatus, a signal analyzer for receiving the partial discharge signal detected by the partial discharge detector and analyzing the partial discharge signal, a diagnostic unit for determining a cause of the partial discharge on the basis of results of analysis made by the signal analyzer, and a display unit for displaying results of diagnosis.

Abstract: A high voltage sensor that is adapted to be connected to a terminal. The terminal is disposed in a housing having an outer surface and having a chute extending inwardly from the outer surface to a distal position inside of the housing. The high voltage sensor includes a sensor body that is adapted to be inserted into the chute and has a distal end and a proximal end. A contact is mounted on the distal end of the sensor body. An indicator circuit is substantially enclosed in the sensor body and includes an indicator lamp. The indicator circuit is electrically connected to the contact and the terminal is in electrical contact with the contact upon insertion of the sensor body into the chute of the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of diagnosing a partial discharge in a gas-insulated apparatus and a partial discharge diagnosing system for carrying out the same to achieve highly accurate diagnosis through the detection of a partial discharge signal and diagnosing the partial discharge signal through multiple conditional branching. The partial discharge diagnosing system of the present invention comprises: a partial discharge signal detector for detecting a partial discharge signal representing a partial discharge produced in the gas-insulated apparatus, a signal analyzer for receiving the partial discharge signal detected by the partial discharge detector and analyzing the partial discharge signal, a diagnostic unit for determining a cause of the partial discharge on the basis of results of analysis made by the signal analyzer, and a display unit for displaying results of diagnosis.

Abstract: To perform a reliable and calibrated measurement of partial discharges, a first calibratable sensor and a second sensor are arranged in a metal enclosure. The first calibrated sensor picks up signal components in the HF (High Frequency) range, and the second non-calibrated sensor picks up signal components in the UHF (Ultra-High Frequency) range. An HF signal component picked up by the first sensor is transmitted to a partial discharge analyzer. The opening time of the gate device is determined by a UHF signal component picked up by the second sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus connectable between a current source and an electrical load for indicating current flow through the load above a threshold level. The indicator includes two negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors, and a neon indicator lamp. The first thermistor is connected directly in series with the electrical load and the second thermistor is connected in series with the neon lamp. The thermistors are packaged together by an epoxy resin, which thermally couples the thermistors so that both thermistors operate at substantially identical temperatures. Current flow above the load's operational threshold level causes the first thermistor to heat to an equilibrium temperature well above the ambient temperature. At this elevated equilibrium temperature, both resistors have extremely low resistance values. The low resistance value of the second thermistor permits maximum current flow to the neon lamp, which illuminates the lamp.

Abstract: A surge detecting element which is connected to surge invading lines and is composed of a gap type discharge tube and a nonlinear resistor both connected in series with each other and one or more of surge absorbing elements each having an impulse discharge starting voltage higher than an impulse discharge starting voltage of the surge detecting element. A light receiving element is provided for the gap type discharge tube in light receiving relationship therewith for detecting a discharge light thereof, a counter circuit for counting a detected signal from the light receiving element is also provided.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge generator device for generating/simulating controlled electrostatic discharges, in both positive and negative polarities is disclosed for testing electronic equipment. The device includes an electrically conductive body with an attached contact probe mounted thereon and insulated therefrom. The device includes a high voltage generator and a mechanism to operate the generator. An impedance element is electrically connected to the generator. An electrical coupling interconnects the impedance element and the probe and has a spark gap formed therein. The spark gap is located in a sealed, vacuum or gas filled, chamber. The width of the spark gap determines in part the voltage level and signal characteristic of the ESD. Because of the conductive body, no ground wire is required from the equipment-under-test to the generator, as the human body of the user is used to complete the electric circuit loop.

Abstract: A volt/frequency meter includes LED arrays which provide bar-graph style meter displays of the instantaneous voltage and the frequency of a variable electric analog signal. Each LED in the voltage array corresponds to a predetermined voltage range and each LED in the frequency array corresponds to a predetermined frequency range. The meter is switchable among three different voltage scales and three different frequency scales. A separate LED flashes momentarily in response to the input signal crossing a user-determined limit set point which is adjusted through a knob on the front panel. The limit set point controls the operation of the frequency display such that the displayed frequency is the rate at which the analog signal crosses the limit set point.

Abstract: A solid state speed indicator for railroad locomotives is provided with a plurality of indications in addition to speed. These include an acceleration indicator and an overspeed indicator. In addition, the speed indicator is provided with a dual range speed function having at least one particular use in drag operations. A variation of the solid state speed indicator is a retrofit design that replaces the meter movement in existing speed indicator equipment with a solid state display.

Abstract: A meter (10) for measuring extremely-low-frequency radiation includes a coil circuit (22) whose output is filtered by a sharp-cut-off high-pass filter (24) to pass standard house-current frequencies but suppress the frequency components that would predominate as a result of movement of the meter with respect to the earth's magnetic field. An integrator (26) compensates for the frequency response of the coil circuit (22), an RMS circuit (35) converts the signal to its root-mean-square value, and a display circuit (28) provides a display determined by the resultant signal.

Abstract: A linear display device provides a floating bar type of display for instantaneous peak values and instantaneous average values of an audio signal. Pairs of respective peak and average comparators are coupled to a source of fixed value bias voltages. The comparators produce outputs when the peak value and the average value of the audio signal exceeds the bias voltage. A logic circuit connected to outputs of each pair of comparators provides an output only when the bias voltage exceeds the instantaneous peak value.

Abstract: A voltage detector/indicator unit includes a plurality of lights for indicating a voltage within one of a plurality of different voltage ranges by lighting the lights in a selected pattern.

Abstract: A ground fault detector has a neon bulb connected between a rectangular copper plate connected to an antenna wire and a resistor connected to one arm of a double-pole double-throw relay with the stationary contacts cross coupled to hot and neutral wires of a three-wire A.C. line. A photocell detector is optically coupled to the neon bulb and provides a signal to a live wire detector circuit when the neon bulb is illuminated to disable operation of the relay. A timer circuit causes the live wire detector circuit to operate the relay when the neon bulb is not illuminated after a predetermined time. A network is photo-optically coupled to a ground status detector that controls a contactor that selectively connects power to the equipment being monitored. The junction of a Y network is also coupled to the input of the ground status detector. The input of the photo-optical coupler is connected between a leg of the Y circuit and the enclosure of the equipment being monitored.

Abstract: A method and device for continuously monitoring the distributed high voltage pulses from an ignition coil of an electrical system of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The device is a transparent enclosure filled with a noble gas at low pressure. The inner wall of the enclosure is coated with a light emitting phosphor and a small amount of mercury is placed within the enclosure. When the device is placed near a high voltage wire, an electric field capacitively couples to and ionizes the gas within the device. The mercury is excited and emits photons of ultraviolet radiation which in turn creates visible light as the ultraviolet radiation excites the phosphor coating. When this device is placed next to a spark plug wire, it will illuminate when there are high voltage pulses in the wire. In a preferred embodiment two or more enclosures are placed near the same wire. The enclosures contain different gas pressures and are excited at different voltages.

Abstract: A voltage tester for the graduated display of a voltage applied to two test tips includes a circuit arrangement composed of a parallel connection of three series circuits whereby a PTC-resistor, an antiparallel connection of two light-emitting diodes, and voltage drop resistors are contained in two of the series circuits. Two Zener diodes connected oppositely to one are also contained in the second series circuit, and the third series circuit is composed a glow lamp and voltage drop resistors. The components of the voltage tester are accommodated in a handle connected by a cable to a second handle which a current limiting resistor. Preferred embodiments of the voltage tester and a preferred embodiment of the manufacturing method therefore are proposed.

Abstract: An electrical power detection and indication device for quick and simple external attachment onto an insulated electric power cord, is linked to the conductors of the power cord by sharp probes which penetrate the insulation on the power cord conductors. The device can be configured to give a variety of audible or visible signals that indicate the presence or absence of electrical power and can also be used to detect and indicate polarity or grounding integrity. Modular construction allows flexibility with regard to power cord size, cord conductor number, and cord conductor arrangement, as well as with the type of indication desired.

Abstract: The invention is the provision of an access to the interior of a high voltage separable connector component by providing a projection of insulating elastomeric material integral with the insulating material of the body of the component and in engagement with the conductive elastomeric material shield of such component. A bore extends through the projection from a free, remote face to the component interior. The bore can be straight walled and if desired can be fitted at its remote end with appropriate fittings to permit external devices or internals to interact with the elements within said component body.

Abstract: A high voltage detecting device has an input terminal for receiving electrical energy and includes a first circuit having a gas filled tube receiving electrical energy from the terminal. The gas filled tube provides a visual indication of the presence of high voltage. A second circuit also receives electrical energy from the terminal and is coupled in parallel with the first circuit. The second circuit provides an audible and visual indication of the presence of high voltage. The high voltage detecting device is contained in a test stick having a housing. The housing includes three compartments for holding the first and second circuits along with a power supply for the second circuit. The two independent circuits in the test stick provide a positive indication of the presence of high voltage over a broad range of transmission and distribution applications.

Abstract: An apparatus including at least two electrodes determining two intervals of distance of a body relative to movable objects and activated by a respective high voltage pulse generator, wherein the spark discharges occur either along measurement spark paths or reference spark paths between the electrodes and the object. A sensor in the circuit of the reference spark paths detects a spark discharge occurring along the reference spark paths and generates an impulse which is processed in an evaluation unit to form an adjustment signal as a function of the interval of distance, to adjust the body connectable to the apparatus relative to the object to correct the corresponding interval of distance. Either only one reference electrode is associated with both the high voltage electrodes, or the high voltage electrodes alternately assume the function of the reference electrode, in order to form the reference spark paths.

Abstract: A circuit layout for continuous display of power consumption of an electric device includes a light emitting diode actuated by voltage pulses, the frequency whereof corresponds to the current draw of the electric device. It is possible to determine directly whether the instantaneous power consumption of the electric device, in particular a household device, is low or high in case of varying loads as the frequency of the voltage pulses and thus the flashing frequency are below the flicker limit resolvable by the human eye. The power consumption display can be manufactured in a highly cost effective manner and in a compact configuration, so that it may be placed in an electric outlet housing.

Abstract: An atto amperemeter includes a shop tip (1) correctable to a voltage source (18) providing a known potential (U') via a sample conductor measured, the tip (1) faces a particle detector such as an electron multiplier (4). The count of the free electrons being emitted from the tip (1), multiplied by the electron multiplier (4) and counted by an electronic current (i) passing through the sample conductor (17). Calibration of the arrangement is performed by temporarily connecting the tip (1) to ground and applying a calibration potential (U cal) to a calibrated electrode (3) aligned with the tip (1) and the channel electron multiplier (4).

Abstract: A passive voltmeter that measures pulses of high voltage by periodically charging a condensor through a spark gap. The frequency at which the spark gap breaks down is a function of the voltage being measured and is detected and displayed in volts. Radioactive material within the chamber is used to insure a constant breakdown voltage by supplying the necessary free electrons. This insures constant breakdown time for the arc with minimum jitter.

Abstract: A low cost hook-on ammeter for consumer use includes a split core to be clipped around a conductor. Secondary turns on the core actuate a liquid crystal digital display to indicate alternating current amplitude in the conductor. The liquid crystal display segments may be connected to individual taps on the secondary winding, or to taps on a resistive divider network connected across the entire secondary winding. As current in the conductor increases, secondary voltage increases, turning on an increasing number of segments of the liquid crystal display accordingly.

Abstract: A stereo sound level display device includes a single array of light emitting diodes aligned in a line. The left channel sound signal level is detected to display the left channel sound signal level from the left end of the light emitting diode array. At the same time, the right channel sound signal level is detected to display the right channel sound signal level from the right end of the light emitting diode array.

Abstract: A dual loudness meter and method for simultaneously indicating the apparent loudness of composite audio program material representing peak material or of persistent material employing a first detector means responsive to peak signals for instantaneously indicating the same as a singly actuated LED indicator in an array thereof displayed in accordance with the peak strength of the signal, a second detector for detecting the persistence of the signal and displaying the same as a bar graph on said LED display, the materials being colinearlly displayed and having dual upper extreme warning/operating indicator means separated by about 12 to 14 dB so that the meter is read as requiring adjustment of the associated recording or broadcast facilities to avoid having either of said programming indicator displays reading consistently in either warning/operating zone. Specific circuits and time constants of response and decay are given as appropriate to the simultaneous reading, dual meter system disclosed.