Abstract: A transducer circuit, particularly for monitoring current, compensates for offset in the transducer output by sampling the output periodically at a moment at which the output is known, and storing the sampled value as an offset. The offset is compared with subsequent outputs from the transducer to provide a difference signal which is the compensated output of the transducer. When the calibrated output of the transducer is non-zero at the said moment, the non-zero value is added as a reference to the compensated value to correct the magnitude of the transducer output.

Abstract: In an integrated circuit tester module, pin electronics circuitry supplies leakage current to a circuit node which is connected to a signal pin of a device under test. The leakage current is compensated by connecting the circuit node to a voltage source at a first potential level, supplying current to the circuit node from a second potential level, and measuring current supplied to the circuit node from the voltage source. The second potential level is selectively varied in a manner such as to reduce the current supplied from the voltage source substantially to zero. The circuit node is then disconnected from the voltage source.

Abstract: In a variable delay circuit calibrating method in which the state of connection of M delay stages connected in cascade through multiplexers and weighted differently is controlled by a control signal value to generate a calibrated amount of delay corresponding to a nominal amount of delay D.sub.s which varies in a predetermined minimum nominal delay step d.sub.s, the method comprises the steps of: dividing an amount of delay D.sub.i measured for each given control signal value CC.sub.i by the minimum nominal delay step d.sub.s of a variable delay circuit; calculating first and second errors, R.sub.k =D.sub.i -d.sub.s k and R.sub.k+1 =d.sub.s -R.sub.k, between the value k of an integral part of the resulting quotient and two adjoining nominal amounts of delay D.sub.sk and D.sub.sk+1 ; making a check to determine if the first error R.sub.k is smaller than an error held in a k-th row of a calibration table in correspondence with a nominal set signal value CS=k; if so, writing the first error R.sub.

Abstract: An electronic measuring device achieves an improvement in measurement accuracy while at the same time compensating for influences on the measurements, by providing for a correction factor to be stored in a correction element when the measuring device is first set up. During operation, provision is made for a test voltage to be received and compared with a reference value stored during setting. If there is a difference between the two values, a new correction factor is produced which compensates for any measurement signal effect. The measuring device is particularly suitable for electricity meters.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring electric current. The apparatus includes a conductive shunt for developing a voltage drop in response to current flow through the shunt, a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the shunt, and an amplifier for amplifying the voltage drop across the shunt. The voltage drop developed by the shunt has a known dependence upon the temperature of the shunt. The amplifier has an output for producing a current signal indicative of current flow through the shunt and has a gain dependent upon the temperature of the shunt, to compensate the current signal for changes in the voltage drop across the shunt due to the known dependence upon temperature of the voltage drop developed by the shunt.

Abstract: A display apparatus (10) having a display (12) including indicia representative of a measured parameter, an indicator (13) shiftable relative to the display, and a control assembly (14) for controlling the positioning of the indicator relative to the display. The control assembly includes a microprocessor (16) for receiving navigational signals and for converting the navigational signals to control signals and a stepper motor (18) responsive to the microprocessor for driving the indicator in response to the control signals. The control assembly also includes an indicator position sensor (20) for determining the actual position of the display indicator and for generating position signals representative of this actual position. The microprocessor uses these position signals for calibrating the stepper motor.

Abstract: A measuring device displays waveforms representative of electrical signals and includes a selector, at least one input terminal, and a graphical display. The graphical display is suitable to view a waveform thereon. The measuring device receives an electrical signal from the input terminal and displays a first waveform on the graphical display representative of the electrical signal. The selector is selectable to one of a plurality of positions and the measuring device selects a set of waveform data in response to each of the positions. The measuring device displays a second waveform on the graphical display representative of the waveform data.

Abstract: An improved current monitor for measuring current over a wide dynamic range. The current monitor includes a low current channel, a high current channel, and a switch for selecting the low current channel if the measured current is below a predetermined level and the high current channel if the current is above the predetermined level. The output of the high current channel is voltage encoded by adding a fixed offset. The current monitor determines that the measured current is from the low current channel if the reading is below the offset and from the high current channel if the reading is above the offset. A current level output device automatically outputs a decoded current reading based on this determination. The current monitor also incorporates a low current error compensation circuit to compensate for parasitic current when the current monitor is using the high current channel.

Abstract: In the prior art multiple calibration standards are required to calibrate multiple measurement ranges in an impedance measuring apparatus and calibration is time-consuming. An impedance measuring apparatus incorporating the invention is provided with a reference resistor part and the relative error among the measurement ranges is corrected automatically using the reference resistor. A single range is calibrated using a single impedance standard so that absolute calibration is carried out for all of the ranges. When correcting the relative error for the various ranges via the reference resistor, measurement takes place at a value smaller than for the full scale of the range and errors caused by resolution, linearity and the S/N ratio are propagated throughout the ranges and accumulate. To prevent this, a signal normalizing part is placed on the front section of an A-D converter and another signal normalizing part is placed on the front section of a frequency converter.

Abstract: A signal representative of a rectified current supplied by a current sensor is applied to the input of a correction circuit. The form of the input signal of the correction circuit, deformed with respect to the form of a theoretical signal, is corrected so as to reduce the errors of the rms or mean current values. The output signal of the correction circuit is equal to the input signal if the difference between the output signal and the input signal is lower than a limiting value. In the opposite case, the output signal is equal to a variation signal equal to the limiting value. Application to measuring devices and trip relays.

Abstract: A method of eliminating a disturbing component from a periodic signal. The method includes the steps performing at least two measurements on the signal at two distinct instants, calculating the parameters of the disturbing component on the basis of the measurements, and subtracting the disturbing component from the signal. The invention is applicable to making an electronic capacitor voltage transformer comprising a capacitor divider constituted by a high tension capacitor and a low tension capacitor. The transformer includes a microprocessor programmed to perform the above method on the signal from the low tension capacitor.

Abstract: A timing calibration circuit includes a plurality of variable delay circuits each of which is assigned to one of test signal paths to regulate a phase delay time for a signal passing therethrough, a multiplexer for selecting one of the test signal paths whose inputs are connected to outputs of drivers, a signal path whose one end is connected to all of test contactors and the other end is connected to the multiplexer, a counter for measuring phase delay times in a first feedback loop which does not include the signal path and a second feedback loop which includes the signal path with respect to each of the test signal paths.

Abstract: An auxiliary device (such as probe or the like) identification system for measuring instruments (such as oscilloscopes or voltmeters or the like) incorporates a commercially-available containing stored personality identification information, that is interrogated by the measuring instrument to establish correct operating mode, setup, and scaling to measure electrical signals provided by the auxiliary device. The measuring instrument includes an RF generator, a transceiver, and a demodulator to extract the stored personality information from the transponder.

Abstract: A self-calibration circuit for sensors and transducers that produce pulse-train outputs of the type having a count-until-disabled counter (250) which counts the number of pulses corresponding to a known value of the sensed or transduced quantity in a variable frequency pulse train during the time that a known number of pulses are counted in a reference pulse train by a frequency divider (210); the count accumulated by the count-until-disabled counter being stored, after accumulation, in a settable-divisor frequency divider (220 or 240) which can provide both calibrated sensor pulse-train outputs and calibration pulse-train outputs having the same frequency as the calibrated sensor pulse-train output at known values of the sensed parameter.

Abstract: A system and a method are presented which reduce the number of times of connection and disconnection of calibration standards in a circuit network measurement device provided with many measurement ports. The circuit network measurement device generally includes a network analyzer and a test set. A calibration port is provided and typically placed in the test set. The calibration port consists of a connector and three standards (open, short, and load impedances) connected to the connector internally by means of a selection switch. The measurement port of the circuit network measurement device is calibrated by using the three external impedance standards. The calibrator is calibrated by connecting the measurement port calibrated at the former step. Other measurement ports are then connected to the calibrator to be calibrated.

Abstract: A high-frequency calibration method and circuit including a dual path step attenuator. A calibration system is provided having a switch between the user signal input and the instrument input and an amplifier between the calibration signal input and the instrument input. The amplifier provides signal conditioning. The output of the amplifier is connected to the instrument input through a switch and a resistor, the resistor isolating the switch from the instrument input so as effectively to prevent degradation of the user input signal. A sense amplifier provides a calibration signal output indicative of the input impedance of the instrument input in response to a known stimulus. The input of the sense amplifier is isolated from the instrument input by a resistor. A current source provides a known stimulus to the instrument input to measure input impedance. A step attenuator is provided having an attenuated path and an unattenuated path.

Abstract: An electronic probe circuit having ac and dc amplifiers and an input compensation subcircuit is enclosed within a trim housing that replicates the electrical effect of the probe housing. The circuit is laser trimmed through ports in the trim housing. The difference between the voltage at 80 nsec and 1.4 .mu.sec points on a step voltage provides a first calibration factor while the difference between the 3 nsec voltage and the 80 nsec voltage provides a second calibration factor. A resistor in the DC amplifier is trimmed to an absolute voltage with a step scan laser cut. A resistor in the AC amplifier is trimmed with a laser L-cut until the difference between the 80 nsec and 1.4 .mu.sec points of the step voltage equals the first calibration factor. A capacitor in the input compensation subcircuit is trimmed until the voltage difference between the 3 nsec and 80 nsec points equals the second calibration factor.

Abstract: Apparatus and method is provided wherein power pulses are supplied from a standard meter to a supplementary data accumulating means associated with a meter under test. Data accumulation means in the supplementary data accumulating means and in the meter under test are set to a known value and both meters are subjected to similar voltage and current values. A stop signal is generated when the supplementary data accumulating means reaches a predetermined value N and the value in the meter data accumulating means is latched. The stop signal causes arithmetical division of the latched value by N to form a quotient value and is entered into a reference value memory in the meter under test, the reference value memory value determining the number of pulses per unit power pulse generated by the meter.

Abstract: A calibration system for an asymmetrical ramp generator system for a pulse width modulator wherein a current splitting circuit establishes a slew rate and a calibration level for the first ramp that is the same as the slew rate and the usable voltage range of the second ramp and wherein the first and second sets of ramps are matched so that calibration of the first set results in simultaneous calibration of the second set.

Abstract: An analog input apparatus comprises bridge measuring devices 11 and 31 connected to a bipolar voltage power supply 5, analog multiplexers 18, 19, 38, and 39 responsive to an output level of an oscillator 4B for switching a polarity and outputting two outputs of each of the bridge measuring devices 11 and 31, amplifiers 12 and 32 for amplifying bipolar outputs provided through the analog multiplexers 18, 19, 38, and 39, and an analog-to-digital converter 2 for converting outputs of the amplifiers 12 and 32 into digital form and outputting the resultant digital values.

Abstract: An analog input method comprises the steps of correcting a measured value with the digital value output when voltage at either middle point of a bridge circuit is fed into both input terminals of a differential analog amplifier or feeding two middle-point voltages of a bridge circuit into input terminal of an analog amplifier in order and providing a measured value based on the difference between the digital values output from the analog amplifier.

Abstract: A power calculating device including a control signal generating unit for generating a control signal. The control signal determines a power calculating period and an imbalance compensation period. The device also includes an input voltage changeover unit for changing over between a first voltage corresponding to a voltage of a system under measurement and a constant voltage under the control of the control signal to generate a second voltage, which is the first voltage during the power calculating period and the constant voltage during the imbalance compensation period. The device further includes a Hall element member for generating a third voltage corresponding to a product of the second voltage and a magnetic density generated by a magnetic field applied to the Hall element member. The device also includes an imbalance detecting unit for generating an offset compensation signal based on the third voltage, and a variable resistor connected to the Hall element member.

Abstract: A current probe comprising a Hall device and a secondary winding in a flux linking relationship with a magnetic circuit is self-calibrated by disconnecting the Hall device from the winding, passing a current through the winding so as to induce a magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit, measuring voltage developed by the Hall device in response to linking by the magnetic flux, calculating the Hall gain of the Hall device, and then adjusting the gain of a scaling output amplifier on the basis of the calculated Hall gain to compensate for variation in Hall gain due to changes in operating conditions.

Abstract: A constant current loop measuring system measures a property including the temperature of a sensor responsive to an external condition being measured. The measuring system includes thermocouple conductors connected to the sensor, sensing first and second induced voltages responsive to the external condition. In addition, the measuring system includes a current generator and reversor generating a constant current, and supplying the constant current to the thermocouple conductors in forward and reverse directions generating first and second measured voltages, and a determining unit receiving the first and second measured voltages from the current generator and reversor, and determining the temperature of the sensor responsive to the first and second measured voltages.

Abstract: A current probe comprising a Hall device and a secondary winding in a flux linking relationship with a magnetic circuit is self-calibrated by disconnecting the Hall device from the winding, passing a current through the winding so as to induce a magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit, measuring voltage developed by the Hall device in response to linking by the magnetic flux, calculating the Hall gain of the Hall device, and then adjusting the gain of a scaling output amplifier on the basis of the calculated Hall gain to compensate for variation in Hall gain due to changes in operating conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing non-contacting measurements of the voltage, current and power levels of conductive elements such as wires, cables and the like includes an arrangement of capacitive sensors for generating a first current in response to variation in voltage of a conductive element. Each sensor is positioned in an electric field of the conductive element, and is thereby coupled to the conductive element through a coupling capacitance. A reference source drives the capacitive sensor arrangement at a reference frequency so as to induce the flow of a reference current therethrough. A measurement network is disposed to calculate the coupling capacitance based on a measurement of the reference current, and to then determine the voltage in the conductive element based on the first current and the coupling capacitance.

Abstract: An integral electronic meter system diagnostics package including a microprocessor, storage memory, logic for automatically and periodically performing a pre-select series of system diagnostic tests, and recording any results which exceed predefined programmable thresholds, and display means for displaying error and/or diagnostic messages identifying selected diagnostic data and/or errors discovered in the meter tests during a predefined period.

Abstract: A meter measures a voltage across a quasi-diode, the voltage caused by a current flowing through a resistance which changes substantially exponentially with changes in a medium being sensed. The meter comprises a logarithmic current measuring circuit coupled to the resistance to provide a measurement output that is a logarithmic function of the current flowing through the sensing resistance. A switchable current source is controlled by a switching circuit to repetitively output first and second current values. A reference logarithmic circuit is connected to the switchable current source and is physically coupled to the logarithmic measuring circuit so as to be maintained at a substantially equal temperature value. The logarithmic reference circuit manifests a first voltage in response to the first current value and a second voltage in response to the second current value, both voltage values dependent upon the temperature of the logarithmic reference circuit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for normalizing electronic sensor data to correct for variations in individual sensor transfer characteristics which are not known in advance. A general characteristic transfer function for a sensor type of interest is determined empirically. A baseline response reading is acquired from an individual sensor, and that baseline response applied to the general transfer function to determine a specific transfer function for the individual sensor. The specific transfer function is used to calculate normalized data. One application of the invention is in computer cursor control pointing devices such as a joystick. Because the invention compensates for wide variations in sensor characteristics, inexpensive sensors such as force-sensitive resistors may be used in a joystick without sacrificing pointing accuracy and ergonomic efficiency.

Abstract: An electronic probe circuit having ac and dc amplifiers and an input compensation subcircuit is enclosed within a trim housing that replicates the electrical effect of the probe housing. The circuit is laser trimmed through ports in the trim housing. The difference between the voltage at 80 nsec and 1.4 .mu.sec points on a step voltage provides a first calibration factor while the difference between the 3 nsec voltage and the 80 nsec voltage provides a second calibration factor. A resistor in the DC amplifier is trimmed to an absolute voltage with a step scan laser cut. A resistor in the AC amplifier is trimmed with a laser L-cut until the difference between the 80 nsec and 1.4 .mu.sec points of the step voltage equals the first calibration factor. A capacitor in the input compensation subcircuit is trimmed until the voltage difference between the 3 nsec and 80 nsec points equals the second calibration factor.

Abstract: A meter provides an arrangement for the optional connection of its voltage circuit to a current path or to a calibration system. The arrangement includes an opening, provided in the housing of the meter for inserting a contact device connected to the calibration system, and a pivoting lever. On insertion of the contact device into the opening, the pivoting lever can be moved from an operating position, connecting the voltage circuit to the current path, into a calibration position connecting the voltage circuit to the calibration system. Consequently, the arrangement can be changed over between the operating position and the calibration position with a minimum possible cost.

Abstract: A constant current loop measuring system is provided for measuring a characteristic of an environment. The system comprises a first impedance positionable in the environment, a second impedance coupled in series with said first impedance and a parasitic impedance electrically coupled to the first and second impedances. A current generating device, electrically coupled in series with the first and second impedances, provides a constant current through the first and second impedances to produce first and second voltages across the first and second impedances, respectively, and a parasitic voltage across the parasitic impedance. A high impedance voltage measuring device measures a voltage difference between the first and second voltages independent of the parasitic voltage to produce a characteristic voltage representative of the characteristic of the environment.

Abstract: An analog input apparatus comprises bridge measuring devices 11 and 31 connected to a bipolar voltage power supply 5, analog multiplexers 18, 19, 38, and 39 responsive to an output level of an oscillator 4B for switching a polarity and outputting two outputs of each of the bridge measuring devices 11 and 31, amplifiers 12 and 32 for amplifying bipolar outputs provided through the analog multiplexers 18, 19, 38, and 39, and an analog-to-digital converter 2 for converting outputs of the amplifiers 12 and 32 into digital form and outputting the resultant digital values.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for calibrating a digital electric energy consumption meter of the type which performs voltage and current sampling in timed cycle clusters and then performs algorithmic or Fourier analysis on the sampling to determine the electrical energy being sampled. The meter includes a computer for performing this analysis and this meter computer further includes a microprocessor, appropriate memory for the microprocessor, a clock for timing and initiation of the sampling, a calibration synchronizing signal output for generating a calibration start output signal when the meter begins the sampling, and an input for entering calibration factors into meter memory.

Abstract: An automatic calibration circuit for a maximum and minimum value detection apparatus including a maximum value detection circuit for detecting and outputting a maximum value of an input signal, and a minimum value detection circuit for detecting and outputting a minimum value of the input signal. In a calibration mode, a reference signal of a fixed value is automatically inputted to the maximum value detection circuit and to the minimum value detection circuit upon entry of a calibration mode. An offset voltage of at least one of the maximum value detection circuit and the minimum value detection circuit is automatically adjusted so that the maximum value and the minimum value obtained in response to the reference signal become equal.

Abstract: The apparatus for automatic return from test mode includes a switch or optical port on a meter bezel for initiating, upon user actuation, the storing of customer billing data in a meter register and converting the meter from a customer billing data recording and displaying mode of operation to a test mode of operation for performing one or more field test functions. In addition, to eliminate the likelihood that a customer will be under-billed for unrecorded energy consumption, the meter includes a timer for computing an elapsed period of time (which is programmable in length). Upon the expiration of a predetermined elapsed time, the meter is automatically returned to a customer billing mode of operation, regardless of the state of any test being performed during the test mode. Thus, the possibility that the customer will be under-billed for energy consumed while the meter is accidently left in the test mode is eliminated.

Abstract: A salt analyzer is disclosed capable of measuring the conductivity of a saline solution when either contact or non-contact probes are used. In particular, the salt analyzer employs circuitry capable of switchably measuring the various electrical parameters necessary for determining the conductivity of a solution when either contact or non contact probes are used.

Abstract: An electronic watthour meter is digitally configurable to operate as several different types of watthour meters for metering electrical energy from a variety of different electric utility services. Automatic scaling of line input currents is provided to scale the voltage input to an analog to digital converter over selected ranges such that low level and high level input signals are measured in an optimum range. A digital signal processor is employed to calculate values for metered electrical energy and output pulses, each proportional to a quantum of energy flowing in the circuit being metered. The processor calculates the value of DC offset errors inherent in the various analog circuits of the meter and uses that value in the calculation of metered electrical energy to compensate for such offset errors. The meter employs automatic and manually initiated test functions for testing the operation of the processor and other critical circuits in the meter.

Abstract: A hand-held calibrator unit plugs into the same connector used for attaching a measurement probe to a measuring instrument; the instrument recognizes the presence of the calibrator and automatically calibrates itself using a reference electrical parameter provided by the calibrator and data stored in the calibrator.

Abstract: An improved method and related apparatus for linearizing and spanning of the output from transducer systems such as load cells and the like. The method and system provide for deriving a constant that only requires calibration at mid-scale and full scale loads. The constant can thereafter be used in equations which correct subsequent data for nonlinearity and span so that the transducer system displays data in absolute units for all readings from zero to full scale.

Abstract: A measuring instrument having a programmable time base circuit including a digitally adjustable integrator for generating a plurality of sawtooth voltages for the different operational states of a CRT display apparatus. The measuring instrument has an automatic calibration procedure for calibrating the various time base settings. A microcontroller drives the digitally adjustable integrator during calibration of the measuring instrument so as to calibrate the time base circuit for each operational state. A detection circuit detects whether the time base circuit is calibrated and provides a status signal to cause a digital memory in the microcontroller to store calibration values determined in the calibration procedure. During normal operation of the measuring instrument, the microcontroller drives the integrator of the time base circuit using the stored calibration values for the corresponding operational states.

Abstract: A device used in an apparatus, such as weigher, pressure gauge or the like, for essentially measuring a force, which utilizes a flexural member of elastic material for detecting the force by converting its deflection or strain caused by application of the force into an electric signal, and adapted to compensate for measurement error caused by a time-dependent change in the detection output as a result of creep and/or stress reluxation of the flexural member by removing error components by an electric circuit constructed in accordance with a principle of digital filter.

Abstract: A high voltage measuring system with very high input impedance. The system measures a high voltage source under test by developing a control signal which is proportional to the differential voltage between the high voltage source being tested and an adjustable high voltage reference. This control signal is fed back into a controller which adjusts the reference source so as to match the reference source with the source under test. When the controller detects that matching has occurred, it measures the reference source. By measuring the reference source, as opposed to measuring the source under test directly, the system avoids loading down the source under test.

Abstract: A digital multimeter having automatic function selection capability includes a signal type detector and an analog-to-digital converter formed as an application specific integrated circuit. The signal type detector has a comparator circuit that compares the analog input signal to be measured with predetermined thresholds and stores the resulting values, which are related to the type of analog input signal, in a memory that is also a part of the signal type detector. A controller executes an automatic function selection program that causes the controller to read the stored values and generate a corresponding function code, which causes an analog-to-digital converter to be configured to perform an appropriate conversion function on the analog input signal. When a change in the type of analog input signal is sensed, the controller aborts the present measurement cycle and proceeds with a next measurement cycle in which the changed analog input signal is measured.

Abstract: A measurement circuit for measuring the level of an input electrical signal, the circuit comprising an input amplifier biased from a bias voltage, receiving the input signal, and producing an output signal, followed by a detector module itself followed by an integrator delivering an integration signal, these three components constituting a measurement channel, the integration signal being the sum of an offset signal and of a level signal which is proportional to the level of the input signal.

Abstract: A microprocessor-controlled pH and ion concentration meter is disclosed with improved testing procedures. The meter can be tested for excessive internal bias current by measuring the potential (V1) when the meter is connected to a circuit a known voltage (E1) of low impedance and the potential (V2) when the meter is connected to a circuit of the same voltage source (E1) but of known high impedance and having the meter compare (V2-V1) to a preset limit value. The meter can be tested for low internal impedance by further measuring the potential (V4) when the meter is connected to a circuit of a second external voltage (E2) and the known high impedance (R1). The meter then calculates:(V4-V2)and compares that value to preset limits based upon E1, E2 and R1. Such limits can be derived as (Z.sub.o) (E2-E1) / (R.sub.1 +Z.sub.o) where Z.sub.o is the minimum acceptable internal impedance.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for measuring small electrical signals with a computer-supported error-compensating measuring circuit (10) which includes a multiplexer (13), a following amplifier (15), an analog-to-digital converter (16) and a calculation device (17). The multiplexer has at least one pair of measuring signal input terminals (n-1, n) and one pair of zero volt input terminals (A, B) and connects them repeatedly to the following amplifier (15) for signal recording. Memories for digitized signals are present in order to correct, by means of the calculation device, actual measuring signals with correction values determined from a set of first measured signals so that a precise indication value is produced independent of offset errors and their variation.

Abstract: The invention relates to an input circuit for an electrical energy meter, which circuit has a current path and a voltage path, the current path being associated with a mutual conductance transformer. In order to compensate for the differentiating function of the transformer, but without introduicng interference signals, the current path includes an active filter connected as an integrator and provided with a coupling capacitance suitable for blocking low frequency signals.

Abstract: Apparatus for effecting field calibration of a portion of an electrical energy metering system, the system including a magneto-optic metering transducer (2,30) for producing an optical output signal representative of the current or voltage component of energy to be metered, and the portion of the system which is to be calibrated including a circuit unit (16,50) for receiving, when the metering system is in operation, the output signal produced by the metering transducer and a signal representative of the other component of the energy to be metered, and for generating an output signal representative of the energy delivered by the current and voltage components.

Abstract: A calibration method for redundant A/D and D/A converters with a weighted network and error correction includes performing a self-calibration in which each of n weighted elements is determined as a function of respectively lower weighted elements by means of a measurement with n steps, except for a lowest weighted element. Subsequently each weighted element is calculated and stored in memory in terms of the sum of all of the weighted elements as a function of the results of the measurement with the aid of a calculating register.