Abstract: A galvanometer is shown, which includes a cylindrical magnetic rotor polarized into two essentially semi-cylindrical poles on opposite sides of its axis. Two coil portions are disposed on opposite sides of the rotor, separated by a plane of symmetry that is in essential alignment with the poles of the rotor at the center of its range of motion. The legs of each grouping of turns of each coil portion are disposed in a distribution beginning at a point corresponding to the radial surface of the bobbin on which the coil portion is wound, and extending continuously substantially to the plane of symmetry. The distribution may be lower in density at the plane of symmetry than spaced therefrom and may approximate an inverse cosine distribution. A rotor is shown that includes a thin-walled torque-bearing sleeve encircling at least a portion of the magnet and is joined to the output shaft and the magnet. A fastener anchors the bobbin to the shell to prevent relative rotation therebetween.

Abstract: A cross coil type indicating instrument including a coil bobbin having first and second chambers separately formed inside, a rotary shaft to which a magnet rotor and a rotary gear are secured in the first chamber, and an eccentric shaft to which a transmission gear is secured in the second chamber so as to engage with the rotary gear. A pointer is secured to an end portion of the eccentric shaft. Further, the coil bobbin has a coil winding portion with a flat surface outside where the first chamber is formed, and two coils are wound on the coil winding portion in such a manner that they are perpendicular to each other. Hence, the coils are guided linearly when wound on the coil winding portion.

Abstract: A cross coil-shaped indicating instrument includes a cross coil structure in which two coils are wound around a coil bobbin at right angles to each other. The coil structure is electrically charged in correspondence to the amount measured so as to form a composite magnet. A magnet rotor is disposed inside the cross coil structure. The magnet rotor has a center rotary shaft rotatable at a predetermined angle in correspondence to the composite magnetic field. A pointer is fixed to the end of the rotary shaft. In order to press the pointer into an appropriate position with respect to the rotary shaft, a pressure recess is formed in the coil bobbin so that a rod-like fixture can be inserted into the recess, and a stopper projects inside the pressure recess to press against the magnet rotor when the fixture is inserted. The stopper makes the magnet rotor stationary. While the rotary shaft remains stationary, the pointer can be fixed to an predetermined indicating position.

Abstract: A movement for instrument is of thin construction. A rotatably supported shaft extends through a thin magnet and supports the magnet on it. The magnet radiates a magnetic field that varies in magnetic field strength in accordance with a sine function along a circular path about the shaft. A signal generator provides a first current and a second current. First straight conductors are disposed in a first direction parallel to the surface of the thin magnet, are laid in the magnetic field of the magnet, and are supplied with the first current through them. Second straight conductors are disposed in a second direction parallel to the surface of the magnet and transverse to the first direction. The second conductors are laid in the magnetic field of the magnet and are supplied with the second current through them. Thus, the magnet is angularly positioned in accordance with the magnitudes and directions of said first and second currents, thereby causing the pointer to indicate the angular position of the magnet.

Abstract: A radial type air-core gauge includes orthogonally positioned pairs of stator coils wound on independent coil forms spaced radially 90 degrees apart about a central cup of a gauge case. The cup houses a permanent magnet rotor which rotates about a shaft extending from a support bearing in a bottom surface of the cup to a hub of a dial pointer. Movement of the shaft causes a dial pointer to move over a dial face in response to changes of a balanced resultant field caused by variations of excitation signals applied to the stator coils.

Abstract: A wye-type air-core gauge system provides magnitude indications of measurands in response to PWM signals generated by a control unit that receives electrical signals from a sensor that represents magnitude variations of the measurand. The size of the stator coils of the gauge makes possible a very low profile gauge suitable for mounting in an instrument cluster.

Abstract: A cross coil type instrument includes a plurality of coils cross-arranged around a movable permanent magnet, a needle fastened to the movable permanent magnet through a shaft projecting from the movable permanent magnet and penetrating the coils, a reset-to-zero permanent magnet arranged in the vicinity of the movable permanent magnet, and a stopper so as to make contact with the needle at a reference indication position when the movable permanent magnet is driven only by the reset-to-zero permanent magnet.

Abstract: A taut band meter movement assembly comprising a one piece movement frame functioning to hold and center a magnet core, and hold and center spring members for supporting a ligament wire about which a moving coil rotates. The molded one piece frame holds and centers the magnet with a snap fit between two side members having slot engaging edges for engaging slots in the magnet. For holding and centering the spring members, two pairs of circular flat discs are provided having ring receiving slots between each pair of discs for receiving ring members of said spring members. Rotation of said spring members 90.degree. seat the spring members within a magnet ring which serves to protect the movement assembly from physical damage and shields the magnet from any magnetic influences outside the magnet ring.

Abstract: An exciting unit used in an internal magnet type meter, wherein a spacer, having a thickness corresponding to the length of a gap, is attached to the circumference of a permanent magnet and a screw is fitted in a yoke so that the permanent magnet may be mounted in the yoke by forcing the permanent magnet onto the inner face of the yoke through the spacer by means of the screw.

Abstract: A switching device, with a mechanism similar to that of a D'Arsonval galvanometer, acting responsive to current flow in a primary control circuit to close a switch in a secondary controlled circuit. The primary control circuit includes dual oppositely wound coils, and relative pivotal mounting is provided between the coils and permanent magnets. The pivotal movement therebetween, upon current flow, closes the switch.

Abstract: An electric meter particularly characterized by a small number of moving parts and simplified assembly by virtue of fixed cooperating locating surfaces on the elements and sub-assemblies of the meter. A magnetic circuit including a yoke and magnet are constructed to snap into an insulating base in a predetermined position on the base. A coil assembly initially including integral elements for connection of pivot bearings or taut bands is accurately positioned for rotation on the supporting base by inserting the assembly into the base. Cooperating locating surfaces provide for accurate predetermined positioning of the axis of rotation of the coil relative to the magnetic circuit.

Abstract: Adjustment of an electrical measuring instrument of the D'Arsonval type is achieved by rotation of an annular leaf spring contact mounted to rotate between an annular plate and a flanged eyelet extending through the plate and leaf spring. A conducting coil spring attached to the spring contact transmits rotary orientation of the spring contact to an armature assembly disposed for rotation against the return force of the coil spring in an magnetic field.

Abstract: A limited rotation motor having means for simultaneously positioning the fixed magnet and moving coil thereof with respect both to each other and a fixed stator. A pair of bridges transversely extend across the front and rear stator faces spanning the central opening defined thereby. A first pair of transversely spaced pins inwardly extend from each of the bridges in such a manner so as to contact opposite surfaces of the magnet in side-to-side contact so as to position the magnet with respect to the stator in first horizontal position. A second pair of pins located transversely between the first pair thereof also longitudinally inwardly extend from the respective rear surfaces of the bridges and contact the open face of a slot disposed in the end faces of the magnet so as to position the magnet in a second, i.e. vertical, direction with respect to the stator.

Abstract: An inner magnet type movable coil instrument comprises a cylindrical permanent magnet magnetized to axis-symmetrically form a pair of opposite magnetic poles in a direction to the axis of the magnet; a pair of arcuate magnetic plates made of soft iron and bonded to the opposite side surfaces of the cylindrical permanent magnet with each magnetic pole located at a central line of the magnetic plate; a semicylindrical yoke made of soft iron and secured to one side surface on which it intersects orthogonal to the opposite magnetic poles, said yoke being arranged coaxial with the permanent magent and having sections inclined in the same direction to the axis of the yoke and confronting the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet; a movable coil rotatable coaxially of the permanent magnet and in a gap between the permanent magnet and the yoke; upper and lower bearing members formed integral with the yoke and journalizing the movable coil therein; control spring means mounted on the movable coil; and a pointer.

Abstract: A pen recorder driving mechanism for deflecting a recorder pen on a writing medium in response to electrical input signals is disclosed. The improved pen recorder driving mechanism includes a novel laminar coil assembly rotatably mounted in a precision air gap between a permanent inner core magnet and a highly permeable outer shell. The coil assembly comprises a coil frame having an inner frame around which the windings of a driving coil are wound and an outer frame overlayered on the windings and the inner frame. The coil frame laminations are rigidified by a bonding material applied to the windings during their assembly. The coil frame is subsequently shaped into a generally rectangular concave convex configuration by stretching the laminations during manufacture with a forming tool. Half shafts and end pieces are attached to the transverse legs of the coil frame after shaping to define the rotational axis of the coil assembly and to provide a mounting structure.

Abstract: An electric meter comprises a cylindrical internal magnet so magnetized as to have N and S poles oriented in a direction such that a straight line connecting both poles intersects with the central axis of the magnet at right angles thereto. First and second circular arc-shaped auxiliary yokes are provided along the magnetized direction of said cylindrical internal magnet, around the outer periphery of the internal magnet, and at prescribed distances from the N and S poles of the magnet, and a movable coil is pivotally mounted in the magnetic field produced between the tip end portions of the first and second auxiliary yokes and the N and S poles of the cylindrical internal magnet.

Abstract: A magnetic metering system comprising a transversely magnetized cylinder carrying a radially extending pointer and mounted for axial rotation between a diametrically disposed pair of biasing magnets and a diametrically disposed pair of solenoid coils, and rotation compensating means disposed between the biasing magnets and the solenoid coils for providing the cylinder and pointer with an angular movement proportional to changes in a current flowing through the solenoid coils.

Abstract: A torque motor incorporating a permanent magnet rotor and winding therewith for providing the indicating mechanism of a servoed indicating unit. The circuitry for use with the indicating mechanism first applies a reference feedback-producing pulse, then provides the signal for application of torque to the indicator to move it toward the desired position, and then has a quiescent period to clear the stator windings of the mechanism of currents before recommencing the voltage reference and torquing cycle.