Abstract: A magnetic element control device controls a magnetic element during detection of an intensity of a stationary magnetic field by a time-resolved magnetic balance system where the magnetic field is applied to a flux-gate magnetic element that is constituted of an excitation coil and a detecting coil. The magnetic element control device includes: an excitation signal generator; an excitation signal adjuster; a detection signal comparator; a feedback signal converter; a feedback signal adjuster; and a data signal converter. The excitation signal adjuster superimposes a feedback signal on an alternating voltage signal and thereby generates an excitation signal, and applies the generated excitation signal to the excitation coil.

Abstract: A current sensing assembly includes a conductor, first and second magnetic sensors disposed proximate to opposite sides of the conductor and being structured to output first and second voltage signals, a current direction detector circuit structured to detect a direction of a current flowing through the conductor, a switching circuit having first and second outputs and being structured to switch between a first condition where the first voltage signal is output to the first output and the second voltage signal is output to the second output and a second condition where the first voltage signal is output to the second output and the second voltage signal is output to the first output based on the switching signal, and an output circuit including a differential amplifier structured to amplify a voltage difference between the first and second voltage signals and to output the amplified voltage difference.

Abstract: Compact, low power fluxgate magnetic sensor readout circuits and apparatus are presented in which demodulator or rectifier circuit to modulates a sense signal from the fluxgate sense coil, and the demodulated signal is provided to an amplifier circuit with a transconductance or other amplifier and one or more feedback capacitors connected between the amplifier input and amplifier output to integrate the amplifier output current and provide a voltage output signal indicating the magnetic field sensed by the fluxgate sensor.

Abstract: In a current detecting apparatus, a container member which constitutes a insulating housing includes an element supporting portion, a connector supporting portion, and a substrate fixing portion. The element supporting portion is formed with a depression to which a magnetism detecting portion of a Hall element is fitted. The connector supporting portion achieves positioning of a body portion of the connector by a fitting structure in three-dimensional directions where a lead terminal of a connector extends in parallel with lead terminals of the Hall element. The substrate fixing portion is a portion where a circuit board is fixed at one point. The body portion of the connector is also fixed to the circuit board with a screw.

Abstract: A generator having at least four coils wound around each of the winding axes, these four coils being spaced out from one another to cancel at least the first derivative up to the seventh derivative of the magnetic field generated by these coils, in parallel to the winding axis, at a central point when they are powered by the same current, and the circumference of each coil is a circle, the diameter of this circle being equal within 2% of the diameter of a circle defined by the intersection between a sphere centered on the central point and a plane, perpendicular to the winding axis of this coil, passing through this coil, the sphere being the same for all the coils wound around the same winding axis.

Abstract: A technique is provided for detecting a magnetic characteristic variable in particular the magnetic field strength in a section of a core permeated by a magnetic flux. A portion of the magnetic flux is branched off from the core and passed via a magnetic shunt branch, in which at least one non-ferromagnetic gap is formed. A shunt part is disposed in the shunt branch, wherein the magnetic material of the shunt part is not saturated. At least one section of the shunt part is wound with at least one sensor coil in which the branched-off portion of the magnetic flux generates a sensor signal by induction. The magnetic characteristic variable is determined from the branched-off portion of the magnetic flux or a variable derived therefrom using a sensor and evaluation device to which the sensor signal is fed.

Abstract: A permanent or variable magnetic field circulation sensor including apparatus for magnetic excitation further including at least one elongated excitation coil extending around an elongated supple magnetic core and including a supple magnetic material with low relative magnetic permeability having a supple or flexible matrix in which magnetic particles are dispersed, an excitation current generation unit coupled to the excitation coil to generate an excitation magnetic field in the core over substantially the entire length of the coil, apparatus for measurement including: at least one magnetic measuring transducer magnetically coupled to the apparatus for magnetic excitation, a measuring unit connected to the magnetic measuring transducer and suitable for providing a measurement of magnetic field circulation in the core.

Abstract: A measuring method of contactless magnetic detection of relative movement along a trajectory between a main creation system and a measuring system sensitive to the direction of the magnetic field, the creation system creating a main magnetic field of direction that varies in a plane detected by the measuring system to determine the relative position along that trajectory. The method includes subjecting the measuring system to a compensation magnetic field of direction that is fixed and opposite to the direction of the maximum main magnetic field measured by the measuring system and delivered uniquely by the main creation system and in determining the direction of a magnetic field resulting from the combination of the main magnetic field and the compensation magnetic field by measuring the two mutually-orthogonal components of the resultant magnetic field respectively varying substantially as cosine and sine functions of the angle of the resultant magnetic field.

Abstract: A fluxgate sensor including a magnetic-to-digital converter (MDC) can be adapted to measure an external magnetic field BEXT with a bandwidth fB. The MDC forward path can include: (a) converting an analog sense signal from the fluxgate sense coil to corresponding oversampled digital data using an oversampling data converter with an oversampling frequency fS greater than fB; and (b) loop filtering the oversampled digital data, synchronous with the oversampling frequency fS, to generate the loop output digital data. The MDC feedback path can include: (a) generating the feedback compensation current ICOMP from the loop output digital data, synchronous with a feedback path frequency fFB equal to ((M/N)×fS), where, M and N are integers; and (b) injecting the feedback compensation current ICOMP into the fluxgate compensation coil to induce the compensation field BCOMP, such that the induced compensation field BCOMP nulls the external field BEXT.

Abstract: The size of a current detecting apparatus is reduced by employing a small magnetic core, and problems caused by excessive heat generation and vibrations of a bass bar are prevented. In a current detecting apparatus, a current detecting bass bar includes a through portion penetrating through a hollow portion of a magnetic core, and plate-shaped terminal portions continuing from both sides of the through portion. The through portion is formed to have a thickness larger than that of the terminal portions.

Abstract: A measurement head (1) for a magnetoelastic sensor having a ferrite core (3). The core (3) has a first end (5), on which a field coil (9) which generates a magnetic field is fitted, and at least a second end (7), on which a magnetic field sensor (11, 41) is fitted.

Abstract: A current sensor for outputting a detection signal corresponding to a current flowing through a bus bar. The current sensor includes a magnetic core that concentrates and amplifies magnetic flux generated by the current near a detection portion of the bus bar. A magnetic detection element detects the magnetic flux concentrated by the magnetic core and outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the detected magnetic flux. A signal processing circuit includes electronic components and processes the electrical signal output from the magnetic detection element to generate the detection signal. A lead frame holds the magnetic detection element and the electronic components. The magnetic detection element, electronic components, and lead frame are combined to form a single sensor module. The current sensor detects the current flowing through the bus bar with the sensor module and outputs the detection signal.

Abstract: A magnetic core for a magnetic field sensor is made from a material having a solid matrix in which are dispersed superparamagnetic particles, the solid matrix being chosen so as not to perturb the magnetic properties of the superparamagnetic particles, and so that the superparamagnetic particles represent a percentage P of the total volume of the core chosen to be greater than 2.5% or chosen in the span defined by the relation L 10%?P?L?1% where L corresponds to a threshold L beyond which the core loses the superparamagnetic properties. A magnetic field sensor that includes the magnetic core and an electronic circuit for measuring a magnetic field induced in the magnetic core.

Abstract: A printed circuit includes a hole, a stack, one or more first coils, a magnetic core, and a pad. The hole passes through the vertically through the board to receive a conducting wire. The stack comprises metallization layers vertically stacked and separated mechanically from one another by electrically insulating layers. The first coils fulfill functions of a measurement coil and of an excitation coil. Each first coil has turns wound solely around the magnetic core. The magnetic core forms a first magnetic ring surrounding the hole and extending horizontally between metallization layers. Each turn of each first coil is formed by two conducting tracks produced, respectively, in metallization layers situated above and below the first magnetic ring. The pad passes through an insulating layer and passes through an interior of the magnetic ring, electrically linking the two conducting tracks.

Abstract: To produce an insulated current sensor for slaving power devices in the field of avionics, use is made of a magnetic core through which there passes an element traversed by a current to be measured. The magnetic core comprises a secondary winding across the terminals of which are connected an oscillator and a measurement device. The cooperation of the oscillator and of the measurement device makes it possible to circumvent all the traditional drifting of current sensors.

Abstract: A method of processing an output signal and a readout circuit for a magnetic field sensor are disclosed. The purpose of the readout circuit is to generate a digital representation of the magnetic field vector strength. It comprises an input stage for receiving an output signal of the magnetic field sensor; an output stage for outputting a digital output signal corresponding to the sensor output signal; and an analog to digital conversion circuit. The analog to digital conversion circuit receives the sensor output signal and performs, in sequence, a fast conversion process for calculating a number of most significant bits of the digital output signal corresponding to the sensor output signal and for generating a compensation signal, and a delta sigma based conversion process for calculating at least one least significant bit of the digital output signal. The compensation signal is fed back to the sensor input for linearization.

Abstract: A system for detecting a magnetic flux includes: a magnetic-flux-generating coil having a first and second excitation-track elements extending essentially parallel to a reference plane; a flux-conducting structure for guiding the produced magnetic flux; and a flux-detecting coil having a first detection-track element for measuring at least a portion of the produced magnetic flux, the first detection-track element extending in a first plane defined by the first and second excitation-track elements between the first and the second excitation-track elements. The projection of the excitation-track elements of the flux-generating coil onto a projection plane extending parallel to the reference plane essentially covers the projection of the flux-conducting structure onto the projection plane, at least in the region of the windings of the flux-generating coil.

Abstract: A current detector includes a magnetic core that is molded by sintering powder made from a magnetic material, and a current detection busbar. The current detection busbar is a conductor including a penetrating portion that penetrates a hole portion of the magnetic core in a first direction in which a current flows, and terminal portions that are in connection with the penetrating portion on both sides in the first direction. The width of the terminal portions is larger than the maximum width of the hole portion, and the minimum width of the cross-sectional contour of the penetrating portion is larger than the thickness of the terminal portions. An insulating casing holds the magnetic core, the current detection busbar, and the Hall element, while keeping them from coming into contact with each other.

Abstract: A fluxgate magnetometer is formed in a semiconductor wafer fabrication sequence, which significantly reduces the size and cost of the fluxgate magnetometer. The semiconductor wafer fabrication sequence attaches a die, which has drive and sense circuits, to the bottom surface of a cavity formed in a larger structure, and forms drive and sense coils around a magnetic core structure on the top surface of the larger structure.

Abstract: A current sensor includes: a current bar through which a current flows; a first cover that covers the current bar and includes a cutout portion formed in at least a part thereof; a magnetic substance core that covers at least parts of the current bar and the first cover and includes a gap; a magnetic field measuring element located in the gap; and a second cover that covers the magnetic substance core and the magnetic field measuring element and at least parts of the current bar and the first cover, and is located so that a side surface thereof engages with the cutout portion of the first cover.

Abstract: A ring-shaped first ring-shaped magnetic core, a first excitation coil wound on the first ring-shaped magnetic core, two detection coils wound on the first ring-shaped magnetic core in such a manner that respective input axes of the detection coils are orthogonal to each other, two signal detection/feedback units that detect outputs of the detection coils and feed output signals back to the detection coils, and a first excitation circuit that supplies an excitation current to the first excitation coil are provided, a second ring-shaped magnetic core, a compensation coil wound on the second ring-shaped magnetic core, and a compensation signal generation unit that generates, from an output of a detection coil, a compensation current to be applied to the compensation coil, are further provided, and the second ring-shaped magnetic core and the compensation coil are disposed in positions and directions so that a compensation magnetic field created by the compensation coil cancels interference between magnetic fiel

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a magnetic field sensor having a first current path, a second current path, a signal generator and an evaluator. The first current path has a first coil area, and the second current path has a second coil area, wherein the first coil area has windings in a first winding direction around a first magnetic core area, and wherein the second coil area has windings in a second winding direction around a second magnetic core area. The signal generator is implemented to provide an excitation current which divides into the first and second current paths. The evaluator is implemented to tap a voltage between the first and second coil areas and to detect an external magnetic field based on the voltage.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to current sensing techniques for use within a magnetic current sensor. According to one aspect of the disclosure, a current sensing device includes a magnetic core, and a magnetic field sensor positioned substantially within a cavity formed by an air gap interface of the magnetic core and configured to sense a magnetic field induced by an electrical current that is conducted through a conductor passing through a central opening of the magnetic core.

Abstract: The integrated magnetic sensor for detecting an external magnetic field, is formed by a body of semiconductor material having a surface; an insulating layer covering the body of semiconductor material; a magnetically sensitive region, for example a Hall cell, extending inside the body; and a concentrator of ferromagnetic material, extending on the Hall cell and having a planar portion extending parallel to the surface of the substrate on the insulating layer. The concentrator terminates with a tip protruding peripherally from, and transversely to, the planar portion toward the Hall cell. When the magnetically sensitive region is a sensing coil of a fluxgate sensor, it is formed on the substrate, embedded in the insulating layer, and the tip of the concentrator can reach as far as the sensing coil.

Abstract: Closed-loop current sensor comprising a magnetic circuit, a magnetic field sensor, and a compensation circuit configured to generate a magnetic field opposing a magnetic field created by an electrical current to be measured flowing in one or more primary conductors (10) extending through a central opening (38) of the magnetic circuit. The magnetic circuit comprises a magnetic core (4) made of at least two core parts (28a, 28b) assembled together to form a substantially closed magnetic circuit, wherein a second branch (32) of the magnetic circuit comprises inner (40a, 40b) and outer (42a, 42b) wall portions joined by one or more lateral wall portions (46a, 46b, 46a?, 46b?) at least partially surrounding a cavity portion (44) receiving the magnetic field sensor (8) therein, the lateral and outer wall portions extending from one or both lateral edges of the inner wall portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electric current sensor, including a conducting wire, a core having a hole portion mating with the conducting wire and a gap communicating with the hole portion, and a magnetic sensor having a magnetic flux detection part arranged in the gap.

Abstract: An electric current measurement method is provided with: a first controlling process of sweeping a sensing current in a negative magnetization direction in a condition that a core is saturated magnetically in a positive magnetization direction; a second controlling process of sweeping the sensing current in the positive magnetization direction in a condition that the core is saturated magnetically in the negative magnetization direction; a first specifying process of specifying a value of the sensing current if the core is demagnetized in the first controlling process; a second specifying process of specifying a value of the sensing current if the core is demagnetized in the second controlling process; and a calculating process of calculating a value of a target electric current on the basis of the specified current values, the first and second controlling processes being performed repeatedly.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention relates to a device, such as a sensor device. The device includes a sensor die and a circuit die. The sensor die includes a sensor and a feedback component. The circuit die includes circuitry. The circuit die is varied from the sensor die, such as comprising a varied substrate material. The circuitry is coupled to the sensor and the feedback component. The circuitry and the feedback component can communicate correlation information.

Abstract: A roll-detecting sensor assembly includes a coil extending along and disposed about an axis. The coil comprises one or more portions, with each portion defining a winding angle. At least one of the portions defines a winding angle that is substantially nonzero relative to a line perpendicular to the axis, whereby the projected area of the coil in an applied magnetic field changes as the coil rotates about the axis. As a result, the coil is configured to produce a signal responsive to the magnetic field indicative of the roll of the sensor about the axis. In an embodiment, at least one of the portions defines a winding angle that is at least 2 degrees. In an embodiment, at least one of the portions defines a winding angle that is about 45 degrees.

Abstract: In a current detecting apparatus, a container member which constitutes a insulating housing includes an element supporting portion, a connector supporting portion, and a substrate fixing portion. The element supporting portion is formed with a depression to which a magnetism detecting portion of a Hall element is fitted. The connector supporting portion achieves positioning of a body portion of the connector by a fitting structure in three-dimensional directions where a lead terminal of a connector extends in parallel with lead terminals of the Hall element . The substrate fixing portion is a portion where a circuit board is fixed at one point. The body portion of the connector is also fixed to the circuit board with a screw.

Abstract: A stabilized field sensor apparatus collects field data, in particular magnetic field data, with reduced motion noise. The apparatus includes a tear drop shaped housing, a tow frame in the housing, a plurality of vibration isolating dampers spaced around the frame, a base assembly mounted to the dampers, a support pedestal having a bottom end fixed to the base assembly and an upper free end, a single spherical air bearing connected to the upper free end of the pedestal, an instrument platform with a lower hollow funnel having an upper inside apex supported on the air bearing for a one point support, principal and secondary gyro stabilizers for maintaining pivotal and rotational stability, and at least one field sensor mounted to the instrument platform for collecting the field data while being stabilized against motion noise including vibration, pivoting and rotation from the base assembly, from the tow frame and from the housing.

Abstract: A pulse current sensor and a lightning protection cabinet with surge wave recording composed of the sensor are provided. The pulse current sensor includes a pair of semi-circular magnetic cores which are installed oppositely, air gaps between the two semi-circular magnetic cores, nonmagnetic electric metal rings sleeved outside the air gaps, whose inner hole axis is consistent with the magnetic force line of the semi-circular magnetic cores, and coils wound on the semi-circular magnetic cores, and out-put terminals led from the coils. The pulse current senor is disposed on the ground line, and the two nonmagnetic electric metal rings are respectively installed in the two symmetrical air gaps of the two semi-circular magnetic cores in the pulse current sensor. Under the action of the two semi-circular magnetic cores, the phenomenon of magnetic saturation does not occur in the pulse current sensor, and the output precision and the output range of the pulse current sensor are improved.

Abstract: A technique is provided for detecting a magnetic characteristic variable in particular the magnetic field strength in a section of a core permeated by a magnetic flux. A portion of the magnetic flux is branched off from the core and passed via a magnetic shunt branch, in which at least one non-ferromagnetic gap is formed. A shunt part is disposed in the shunt branch, wherein the magnetic material of the shunt part is not saturated. At least one section of the shunt part is wound with at least one sensor coil in which the branched-off portion of the magnetic flux generates a sensor signal by induction. The magnetic characteristic variable is determined from the branched-off portion of the magnetic flux or a variable derived therefrom using a sensor and evaluation device to which the sensor signal is fed.

Abstract: Current sensor arrangement with a primary conductor for conducting a current that is to be measured, at least two magnetic field probes for measuring magnetic fields, and a magnetic core, which has a closed, arbitrarily formed ring structure that encloses the primary conductor, whereby a primary conductor guide for both rectangular and round primary conductors is located in a magnetic core opening that is enclosed by the magnetic core, and whereby the primary conductor guide has a solid body with a round guide opening that is arranged to overlap relative to the magnetic core opening and with a rectangular guide opening that extends over the round guide opening and that is arranged to overlap.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetoimpedance (MI) sensor having a high magnetic sensor sensitivity and a wide measurement range. The MI sensor comprises an MI element, an electric current supply unit and a signal processing circuit. The MI element comprises a magnetosensitive wire formed of an amorphous soft magnetic alloy having zero magnetostriction, and a detection coil provided around the magnetosensitive wire with an electric insulator disposed therebetween, thereby detecting voltage generated at the detection coil and corresponding to an external magnetic field upon application of a high frequency electric current to the magnetosensitive wire. The electric current supply unit supplies the high frequency electric current to the MI element. The signal processing circuit processes an output signal from the detection coil.

Abstract: A fluxgate magnetic field sensor including an excitation current conductor (4) and a layer of saturable magnetic material cladding (6) having a plurality of feed-through channels (16) extending between opposed faces of the cladding layer, the excitation current conductor weaving through a plurality of said feed-through channels.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor includes a magnetizable core having a curved surface at least sectionally, a magnetization device for magnetizing the core, and a determination device for determining a magnetic field in the core.

Abstract: The size of a current detecting apparatus is reduced by employing a small magnetic core, and problems caused by excessive heat generation and vibrations of a bass bar are prevented. In a current detecting apparatus, a current detecting bass bar includes a through portion penetrating through a hollow portion of a magnetic core, and plate-shaped terminal portions continuing from both sides of the through portion. The through portion is formed to have a thickness larger than that of the terminal portions.

Abstract: A current sensor is disclosed, with a ring-shaped magnetic core, the core enclosing the primary conductor with the current to be measured, the core having an air-gap containing a sensor element for measuring the magnetic core induction, whereby the cross-sectional area of the air-gap is larger than the cross-sectional area of the core.

Abstract: A passive alternating current sensor for sensing a current-carrying conductor is disclosed. The passive alternating current sensor includes a substrate, a magnetic body, at least one coil and a first measuring circuit. The substrate has a flexible structure layer. The magnetic body is disposed correspondingly to the current-carrying conductor and located at one side of the substrate. The coil is disposed on the substrate and correspondingly winds around the magnetic body. The first measuring circuit is connected with the coil. When the magnetic body is subjected to the magnetic field generated by the current-carrying conductor and enabled a relative motion with the coil, the coil produces an induced electromotive force. The first measuring circuit measures the induced electromotive force and accordingly outputs a first induction signal.

Abstract: A current detection device including a first sensor part and a second sensor part, arranged in a state where the magnetic flux detection directions are parallel to each other, detection centers of both the sensors and the detected part are on one reference straight line, and a mutual positional relation is fixed, and a current detection device that derives a correction coefficient to correct a change of a separation distance on the reference straight line between a target conductor and the main sensor part based on a detection value index specified based on a ratio of a detection value of the first sensor part to a detection value of the second sensor part, and a current calculation part to calculate the measurement target current based on the detection value of the main sensor part and the correction coefficient.

Abstract: A current sensor including: a current bar through which a current flows; a magnetic substance core configured to cover at least a part of the current bar; a magnetic field measurement element that measures a magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the current bar; a substrate to which the magnetic substance core and the magnetic field measurement element are fixed; and a magnetic substance cover that covers the magnetic substance core, and aligns the magnetic substance core by being fixed to the substrate; wherein slits corresponding to a width of the current bar are formed on side surfaces of the magnetic substance cover, and the current bar is aligned with the magnetic substance cover by protruding from the slits.

Abstract: A magnetic core to be used in a current sensor includes a first open end plane, which has a first element holding hole for holding a magnetoelectric conversion element formed therein, and a second open end plane, which has a second element holding hole for holding the magnetoelectric conversion element formed therein, and which faces the first open end plane. With such configuration, the magnetic core can improve the detection sensitivity of the current sensor.

Abstract: An electric junction box includes a current detection device that has a magneto-electric conversion element and a magnetic core with a gap portion where the magneto-electric conversion element is disposed to detect magnetic flux occurring on the magnetic core as a current. The magnetic core has a conductor insertion portion through which the conductor subject to current detection is inserted. The conductor has a terminal portion to be connected to any other members, a round-shaped cross-sectional portion whose cross section perpendicular to an axial direction of the conductor is shaped like a circle and whose cross-sectional diameter is set equal to or less than an inner diameter of the conductor insertion portion, and a thin wall portion whose thickness is set equal to or less than a width size X of the gap portion.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a very low noise fundamental mode orthogonal fluxgate magnetometer. Also disclosed is a method of measuring a magnetic field, and an integrated magnetotelluric station that can measure X, Y, and Z components of a magnetic field.

Abstract: Provided is a flux gate sensor comprising the following: a magnetic core having a first wiring layer formed on a board, a first insulating layer formed in such a way as to cover the aforementioned first wiring layer, and a magnetic core which is formed on the aforementioned first insulating layer and which has a central portion and an end portion that continues to the aforementioned central portion, that has a width larger than the width of the aforementioned central portion, and that is located on either side of the aforementioned central portion; a second insulating layer which covers the aforementioned magnetic core and which is formed on the aforementioned first insulating layer; and a second wiring layer formed on the aforementioned second insulating layer.

Abstract: A magnetically inductive flowmeter having a pressure-resistant housing made of plastic, comprising a measuring unit with a measuring channel of rectangular cross-section which is flown through by the measurement fluid, a channel wall, two opposing magnet poles at the channel wall, an electromagnet with magnet coil and magnet core for generating a magnetic alternating field as well as two opposing measurement electrodes in the channel wall. The magnet poles are punched, bent and folded parts made of electric sheet metal in the form of an elongate strip with mutually distanced surface elements formed thereon. The elongate strip forms a double web after folding. The surface elements form magnet pole surfaces after bending. The double web and the magnet pole surfaces form the magnet pole. The double web is located on the rear side of the magnet pole.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sensing external magnetic fields in implantable medical devices are provided. One aspect of this disclosure relates to an apparatus for sensing magnetic fields. An apparatus embodiment includes a sensing circuit with at least one inductor having a magnetic core that saturates in the presence of a magnetic field having a prescribed flux density. The apparatus embodiment also includes an impedance measuring circuit connected to the sensing circuit. The impedance measuring circuit is adapted to measure impedance of the sensing circuit and to provide a signal when the impedance changes by a prescribed amount. According to an embodiment, the sensing circuit includes a resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) circuit. The impedance measuring circuit includes a transthoracic impedance measurement module (TIMM), according to an embodiment. Other aspects and embodiments are provided herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic field sensor including at least one magnetic core (10) in which the magnetic cycle of the magnetic core is characterised in that the absolute value of the third derivative of the magnetic flux density in relation to the magnetic field is maximum for a zero magnetic field.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to current sensing techniques for use within a magnetic current sensor. According to one aspect of the disclosure, a current sensing device includes a magnetic core, and a magnetic field sensor positioned substantially within a cavity formed by an air gap interface of the magnetic core and configured to sense a magnetic field induced by an electrical current that is conducted through a conductor passing through a central opening of the magnetic core.