Abstract: A plate conductor and at least three columnar conductors erected on the plate conductor are provided. At the same time when an electric field is measured by the plate conductor, two components of a magnetic field at the same measurement points as those at which the electric field is measured are measured by a loop formed by the plate conductor and the columnar conductors at the same time. As a result, three components of an electromagnetic field formed of one component of the electric field and two components of the magnetic field are measured at the same point, with high sensitivity, and at the same time.

Abstract: A field generation unit generates a rotating magnetic field including a first partial magnetic field in a first position and a second partial magnetic field in a second position. The first and second partial magnetic fields differ in direction by 180° and rotate in the same direction of rotation. A first detection unit detects, in the first position, a first angle that the direction of a first applied field forms with respect to a first direction. The first applied field includes the first partial magnetic field as its main component. A second detection unit detects, in the second position, a second angle that the direction of a second applied field forms with respect to a second direction. The second applied field includes the second partial magnetic field as its main component. A detected value of the angle that the direction of the rotating magnetic field in a reference position forms with respect to a reference direction is calculated based on detected values of the first and second angles.

Abstract: A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having 4 or more magnetic poles on the surface, and sensor device for detecting magnetic flux from the magnet rotor, and an electronic circuit for outputting a signal representing the rotation angle of the magnet rotor using pluralities of signals obtained from the sensor device, the sensor device having pluralities of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices for outputting two or more different phase signals from a rotating magnetic field near the rotating magnet, each spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive device having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of the pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of the free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction, pluralities of the spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices comprising a first spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive device having a reference magnetic-field-sensing direction, and a second spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive device having a m

Abstract: A detection apparatus includes a transmitter to generate a detection signal, and a coil assembly including a transmit coil and a receive coil. The transmit coil transmits the detection signal toward an object to be detected, with the object to be detected emitting a target signal in response to the transmitted detection signal. The receive coil receives the target signal emitted from the object along with an undesired coupling signal from the transmit coil. A matching network is coupled to the transmitter and generates an adjusted detection signal by adjusting a profile of the detection signal to match a profile of the undesired coupling signal. An output stage has a first input coupled to the receive coil to receive the target signal and the undesired coupling signal, and a second input coupled to the matching network to receive the adjusted transmit signal. The output stage subtracts the adjusted detection signal from the target signal and the undesired coupling signal so that the target signal remains.

Abstract: A method for detecting threatening objects in a security screening system. The method includes a step of classifying unique features of magnetic data as representing a threatening object. Another step includes acquiring magnetic data. Another step includes determining if the acquired magnetic data comprises a unique feature.

Abstract: A method for assembling an image capturing device is provided. The image capturing device includes a light-pervious module, an image sensor and a binding material. The image sensor has a light sensing region for converting an imaging light into an electronic signal. The binding material is used for binding articles together and curable by a curing process. Firstly, the light-pervious module and the image sensor together are releasably bound together via the binding material, thereby defining a close space for accommodating the image sensor. Then, a testing process is performed to detect a clean condition of the close space. If particles present in the close space are detected, the light-pervious module is detached from the image sensor, a cleaning process is done to remove the particle, and the light-pervious module and the image sensor are releasably bound together to define the close space again. Afterwards, the binding material is cured.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluxgate magnetic sensor element which includes: a substrate; an exciting pattern which is disposed on the substrate to generate a magnetic field; a magnetic thin film pattern for detection which is disposed adjacent to the exciting pattern; and a detection coil pattern which is disposed adjacent to the magnetic thin film pattern for detection. In the magnetic sensor element, the exciting pattern, the magnetic thin film pattern for detection, and the detection coil pattern are formed on the substrate. Therefore, the magnetic sensor element can be formed into a flat shape. Moreover, since the length of the generated magnetic field is short in a long-axis direction, the size and thickness of the element itself can be reduced.

Abstract: An electromagnetic lock monitoring system for monitoring the strength of a magnetic field in an electromechanical lock which is created when a steel armature plate is closed against an electromagnet. The system utilizes dual Hall Effect devices positioned in such a way that both ends of the electromagnet and both magnetic fields are monitored, and that the resulting monitoring effectively covers the complete contact surface between the electromagnet and the armature plate. Preferably, the Hall Effect devices are disposed in series at the point of maximum flux density within the center element of an E-shaped electromagnetic core, at opposite ends of the core. If the magnetic flux is below a preset limit, a relay also in series drops out, triggering an alarm which may be sonic, electronic, and/or visual, as is known in the prior art.

Abstract: By subdividing the free layer of a GMR/TMR device into multiple sub-elements that share common top and bottom electrodes, a magnetic detector is produced that is domain stable in the presence of large stray fields, thereby eliminating the need for longitudinal bias magnets. Said detector may be used to measure electric currents without being affected by local temperature fluctuations and/or stray fields.

Abstract: A method for measuring the pole position of a magnetic levitation vehicle in a magnetic levitation railway, wherein a supporting magnetic field is generated on the maglev vehicle as a result of a supporting magnetic current on the vehicle side being fed to at least one supporting magnet. The voltage in the stator on the track is measured and the pole position angle between a reference axis of the stator and a reference axis of the maglev vehicle is determined. The magnitude of the supporting magnetic current on the vehicle side and thus the supporting magnetic field is temporally modified and a voltage induced in the stator by the temporal modification of the magnitude of the supporting magnetic field is detected. The pole position angle is formed using the measured values for the induced voltage.

Abstract: There is provided a thin film tri-gate fluxgate for detecting a component of a magnetic field in directions of three axes, the thin film tri-gate fluxgate comprising: two first thin film fluxgates of a bar-type disposed on a plane for detecting horizontal components of the magnetic field in direction of dual axis; and a plurality of second thin film fluxgates for detecting a vertical component of the magnetic field, wherein each of the first thin film fluxgates and the plurality of the second thin film fluxgates comprises a drive coil for applying a power, a pickup coil for detecting a voltage and, a magnetic thin film, and wherein the plurality of the second thin film fluxgates are substantially perpendicular to each of the first thin film fluxgates wherein a length of the magnetic thin film of each of the plurality of the second thin film fluxgates is shorter than that of each of the two first thin film fluxgates, and wherein two end portions of each of the plurality of the second thin film fluxgates is wid

Abstract: In testing thin-film magnetic heads, first, a back surface opposite to a medium facing surface of each of a plurality of thin-film magnetic heads is attached to a first surface of a first plate of a jig, the jig including the first plate of rubber having the first and second surfaces facing toward opposite directions, and a second plate greater in rigidity than the first plate and bonded to the second surface of the first plate. Next, the plurality of thin-film magnetic heads and the jig are mounted on a metal plate having a flat top surface, such that the medium facing surfaces of the thin-film magnetic heads touch the top surface of the metal plate. Next, heat-generating components of the plurality of thin-film magnetic heads mounted on the metal plate are energized.

Abstract: Presented herein is a shunted MTJ sensor formed of a plurality of electrically connected MTJ cells for measuring magnetic fields and currents and its method of fabrication. To provide stable single domain magnetic moments of the MTJ cells and to ensure that the magnetic moments return to a fixed bias point in the absence of external magnetic fields, the cells are formed of sufficiently small size and with elliptical cross-section of aspect ratio greater than 1.2. To eliminate the possibility of ESD damage to the cells, they are protected by a parallel shunt, formed as a trace of sufficiently high resistance that directs accumulated charges harmlessly to ground while bypassing the cells.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing an indication of rotational position of a shaft by parameter change. The apparatus includes a resilient, serpentine-shaped middle portion, a first end portion located at one end of the middle portion, and a second end portion at another end of the middle portion. The second end portion is for location adjacent to the first end portion to permit securing of the first and second ends together subsequent to the middle portion being resiliently extended around the shaft. The serpentine-shaped middle portion is sized to be taut on the shaft and is shaped to have a plurality of undulations. The undulations providing a plurality of event members each having at least one characteristic that causes a change of a parameter that can be sensed by a sensor when the event member rotates past the sensor.

Abstract: A field distributed array of a plurality of underwater sensors are used to detect, preferably using a nanomagnet, slight changes in magnetic fields caused by passing metallic structures, such as submarines. Each sensor is preferably configured to communicate with, e.g., an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV), which then passes raw or aggregated information to a user (person or computing device). In one possible embodiment, an aircraft deploys hundreds of sensors on the “battlefield” (i.e., in the ocean). Some of the sensors are controlled to sink and anchor to the bottom, while others are controlled to float at a predetermined depth, from which they transmit data about their magnetic environs, such that a map of the geomagnetic field in the area can be generated. This type of distributed sensor system is particularly effective for antisubmarine warfare (ASW) operations across a wide area of a zone of operations.

Abstract: An electrical/magnetic current sensing system includes a first collection mechanism configured to convert an electric field into surface charge, a second collection mechanism comprising a magnetic reactive material, and a sensor coupled to the first and second collection mechanisms. The sensor comprises an odd number, greater than or equal to three, of unidirectionally-coupled non-linear over-damped bi-stable elements. Each element comprises a resistive load, an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) with a bipolar junction transistor differential pair, a cross-coupled OTA, and a non-linear OTA. Each element may comprise fully differential inputs and outputs. The sensor may be contained in a microchip or on a printed circuit board. A resident time difference readout device may be connected to the sensor, and may be configured to perform a power spectral density calculation. The sensor may include a resistance to voltage circuit connected between the second collection mechanism and the elements.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method for a magnetic element capable of detecting changes in magnetic states. Various embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to a free layer that has a first areal extent that is sensitive to a magnetic field and a synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) layer adjacent to the free layer and has a second areal extent that is greater than the first areal extent.

Abstract: A method for sensing a microwave magnetic field polarization component of a microwave field generated by a microwave device, comprises the steps of generating a static magnetic field having a predetermined amplitude and a predetermined direction relative to the microwave magnetic field polarization component to be sensed, preparing an atom cloud of ultracold probe atoms in defined hyperfine levels, wherein the hyperfine levels of the probe atoms are split in transition frequencies by the static magnetic field, applying a microwave pulse including the microwave magnetic field polarization component to be sensed to the atom cloud, wherein a spatial state distribution of the probe atoms is created by Rabi oscillations during the microwave pulse between the hyperfine levels of the probe atoms being resonant with the microwave magnetic field polarization component, and collecting a state image of the probe atoms, said state image depending on the spatial state distribution of the probe atoms and representing the m

Abstract: A topography sensor and method include a probe configured to traverse a surface to determine a topography. A stray magnetic field is disposed in proximity to the probe. A magneto-resistive sensor is configured so that the stray magnetic field passing through it changes in accordance with positional changes of the probe as the probe tip traverses the surface.

Abstract: A position sensor and method include a magnetic component, a first magneto-resistive sensor disposed in proximity to the magnet/coil; and a second magneto-resistive sensor disposed in proximity to the magnetic component and the first magneto-resistive sensor. The first magneto-resistive sensor and second magneto-resistive sensor are configured to sense changes in a stray magnetic field created by the magnetic component in accordance with a relative positional change between the magnetic component and the first and second magneto-resistive sensors.

Abstract: This system for measuring an electromagnetic field radiated by an electrical component of an electronic circuit, the electrical component being fixed to a dielectric substrate of the electronic circuit, is wherein a transducer (90 to 95) is etched on the substrate of the electronic circuit.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus includes a measuring body and a probe device. The probe device includes a dome-shaped metal shield, a probe, and a cable. The metal shield defines an opening in a bottom of the shield. The probe is mounted inside the metal shield. A first end of the cable is connected to the probe, and a second end of the cable passes through a top of the metal shield and then is connected to the measuring body.

Abstract: A data analysis program operable for displaying at least one representation of a buried pipeline in a geographical area and associated on-pipe current values at various locations along the pipeline. The data analysis program is storable in a memory device and executable by a processor to generate a display on a display device. The data analysis program includes instructions for displaying a digital map representing at least a portion of the buried pipeline extending across the geographical area being surveyed. The program further includes instructions for displaying a current plot of current values associated with the various locations in the geographical area, and instructions for displaying a table having a plurality of fields including the leakage current values and associated geographical coordinates where the current values were measured in the geographical area being surveyed.

Abstract: A magnetic field verifier apparatus includes a magnetic field detection element configured to produce a voltage signal in response to an applied magnetic field wherein the voltage signal corresponds to the strength of the applied magnetic field. A current source coupled to the magnetic field detection element provides a stimulating current for the magnetic field detection element that builds in a ramp-like progression. A microcontroller is in communication with the voltage signal wherein the microcontroller is configured to detect and control the ramping time of the magnetic field detection element and to sense after the ramping time the voltage signal from the magnetic field detection element. The magnetic field verifier apparatus is configurable to sense particular field strengths at various frequencies and store the readings to provide the user with a reliable verification that a particular magnetic field strength has been produced in a particular environment.

Abstract: A step portion for mounting a row bar is provided at a table stepping down from the face of the table, and by lowering a pair of hooks crossing over the step portion in its width direction, a row bar held by the hooks is mounted on the step portion. While interposing the row bar mounted on the step portion between a pair of hooks and a side face of the step portion, the side in longitudinal direction of the row bar and the bottom face thereof are butted to the bottom face and the standing up side face of the step portion to position two axes of the row bar among XYZ directions, successively, positioning of the row bar in one remaining direction along longitudinal direction of the row bar mounted on the step portion is performed by moving the table in the one remaining axial direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for RF magnetic-field vector detection based on spin rectification effects are described. In one embodiment, a method comprises sweeping a quasi-static external applied magnetic field at a h-vector detector, measuring voltages across terminals of the h-vector detector when the detector receives a microwave, varying the angle between the external applied static magnetic field and the RF current, determining an angular dependence of the measured voltages, and calculating a magnetic-field vector (h-vector) component of the microwave.

Abstract: A method for detecting a position of a cylinder rod includes depositing a plurality of welds substantially along the length of a steel rod and depositing a corrosion resistant material onto the steel rod by laser cladding. The cylinder rod is then placed proximate to a sensor assembly. One of the cylinder rod and the sensor assembly are moved relative to the other. The sensor assembly detects a change in properties between the steel rod and the welds and generates a corresponding signal. A change in position of the cylinder rod or damage to the cylinder rod can be detected by analyzing the number and strength of the signals.

Abstract: In a magnetic sensor module, using die-bond resin as a joining material, a Z-axis magnetic sensor is mounted onto a substrate having a wire formed on its principal surface. The Z-axis magnetic sensor having electrode pads formed on its bottom surface is tilted by 90 degrees and mounted onto the substrate. Therefore, the electrode pads are positioned at a side surface thereof. A joining material accommodation area which the die-bond resin can fill is provided at the surface of the Z-axis magnetic sensor opposing the principal surface of the substrate. This joining material accommodation area has a grooved structure. At the surface of the Z-axis magnetic sensor opposing the principal surface of the substrate, the grooved structure is provided at an end portion near the wire formed on the substrate.

Abstract: To provide a tilt angle sensor that is capable of detecting acceleration, a tilt angle, and the like of a device to which the tilt sensor angle is mounted, and also capable of reducing the size and the cost with a simple structure. The tilt angle sensor comprises: a spring member having a fixed end a free end that has a flexibility to be bent at least in one direction; a magnetic field generating device for generating a magnetic field, which is mounted at the free end of the spring member; a magnetic field detecting device provided by facing the magnetic field generating device for detecting a direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device; and a damping device for giving a damping force to a bending action of the spring member.

Abstract: A magnetic field strength threshold alarm that includes sensing means responsive to a magnetic field and actuating in response to field strength above a predetermined threshold, the sensing means being configured to be operational and able to actuate without consumption of energy; and alarm means for outputting an alarm responsive to the sensing means actuation, the alarm means being configured not to consume energy prior to actuation of the sensing means and only consuming energy subsequent to actuation of the sensing means. So, energy is not consumed by the alarm means prior to actuation. The alarm may be considered to include energy storage means for providing electrical energy, wherein the sensing means, the alarm means and energy storage means being operatively connected such that the electrical energy from the energy storage means is provided only when the sensing means is actuated.

Abstract: A utility network interface device is provided for operation with a utility network. The utility network interface device includes a detector configured to produce a state signal upon occurrence of a prescribed state that interferes with the ability of a utility meter, with which the utility network interface device is associated, to measure consumption of a commodity and/or report consumption of the commodity. The utility network interface device also includes a control unit configured to detect a tampering with the utility meter in accordance with the state signal produced by the detector. The control unit automatically controls a notification unit to output, external to the utility meter, notification of the tampering detected by the control unit, in response to the detection of the tampering.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical modulating magnetic device comprising: a base; a magnetic transducer that provides an output in response to a magnetic field associated with the base; at least one movable flux concentrator positioned to move relative to the magnetic transducer; at least one flux collector positioned to collect flux for transfer onto at least one movable flux concentrator; which transfers the magnetic flux to the magnetic transducer for detection and measurement purposes; support structure for enabling the at least one movable flux concentrators to move within a predetermined frequency range; a power source for causing the movable flux concentrators to move at a frequency within the predetermined frequency range; whereby magnetic flux may enter through the flux collector, pass through the at least one movable flux concentrator for transfer to the magnetic transducer, and due to the movement of the movable flux concentrator, the signal outputted from the transducer is modulated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measuring the magnetic permeability of a magnetic material by measuring the magnetic interaction of an electromagnetic field with this material by using a measuring device including a measuring cell connected through a microwave frequency cable (13) to a vector network analyser (12), said method comprising steps for gauging/calibrating said measuring device, for determining corrective coefficients to be applied to the measurements obtained by means of this device, for verifying the non-drift of this device, these steps being carried out with the help of a reference sample, wherein a reference sample is used, comprising at least one inclusion which enables creation, in a given volume, of a local artificial permeability, each inclusion being achieved by combining at least one inductive component possibly associated with a combination of at last one capacitive and/or resistive and/or active component, the frequency response of the electromagnetic properties of each volume be

Abstract: A microelectromechanical modulating magnetic sensor comprising a base; a magnetic transducer associated with the base that provides an output in response to a magnetic field; a pair of movable flux concentrators positioned to move relative to the magnetic transducer; the pair of movable flux concentrators having a region of high flux concentration between the pair of movable flux concentrators; the pair of flux concentrators moving together in tandem with the distance between the pair remaining substantially constant during movement; support structure for supporting the pair of movable flux concentrators; a power source for causing the movable flux concentrators to move at a frequency within a predetermined frequency range; whereby when the pair of movable flux concentrators is in a first position the region of high flux concentration is in a first location, and when the pair of movable flux concentrators is in a second position, the region of high flux concentration is in a second position; such that as the

Abstract: A multi-frequency eddy current (MFEC) inspection system is provided for inspection of case hardening depth on a part. The MFEC inspection system comprises a generator configured to generate one or more multi-frequency excitation signals and an eddy current probe configured to be disposed at one side of the part. The eddy current probe comprises one or more drivers and one or more pickup sensors. The one or more drivers are configured to receive the one or more multi-frequency excitation signals to induce eddy currents in the part. The one or more pickup sensors are configured to detect the induced eddy currents within a local area of the part to generate one or more multi-frequency response signals. The MFEC system further comprises a processor configured to receive the one or more multi-frequency response signals for processing to determine a case hardening depth of the local area of the part. A pulse eddy current inspection system and an eddy current inspection method are also presented.

Abstract: A magnetic detection coil is provided, which includes a plurality of differential coils. Each differential coil is made of one of superconductors and metallic materials. The differential coils having mutually different loop directions are arranged in parallel at a spatially predetermined distance apart and mutually electrically connected in series. Each differential coil is one of a first-order differential coil and a second-order differential coil.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensing device comprising at least one magnetic sensor attached to a base structure, rotating member; and at least one flux concentrator mounted on the rotating member; whereby as the rotating member turns, the at least one flux concentrator shields the magnetic sensor so as to modulate the output of the at least one magnetic sensor. A second embodiment comprises a rotating member that rotates about an axis with at least one flux concentrator positioned thereon having a longitudinal axis in the radial direction of the rotating member; and at least one vector-type magnetic sensor fixedly mounted in the near proximity to the axis of the rotating member such that the magnetic field detected is modulated due to the rotation of the rotating member. Optionally, at least one fixed flux concentrator may be positioned along the periphery of the rotating member so as to increase magnetic flux input.

Abstract: A device and a method for determining the magnetic field strength of an electromagnet is illustrated and described.

Abstract: The gauss meter devices of the present invention are small, low power 3 axis field monitor board which detects DC to slow varying magnetic fields. The unit is designed to be embedded into a system which may be sensitive to magnetic fields and needs to continuously measure the magnitude of the field around it. The unit continuously monitors and logs magnetic fields on X, Y and Z axes and it also logs the vector summation of the X, Y and Z axes. The unit may be controlled and queried by wired serial communication means or by means of an integrated radio frequency (RF) transceiver. The RF transceiver may utilize a proprietary communication protocol or a standard wireless communication protocol such as ZigBee, Bluetooth or any of the IEEE communications standards. The many configuration settings of the device may be changed by the user by issuing commands to the device from an established command set.

Abstract: A multiple-rotation absolute encoder attached to an actuator provided with a motor and a reduction gear comprises a multiple-rotation value counter for counting a multiple-rotation value representing a number of rotations of a rotating shaft of the motor from a predetermined origin; a memory part for storing a reduction ratio R of the reduction gear; and a counter-controlling part for setting a range of the count value of the multiple-rotation value counter from zero rotations to (R?1) rotations on the basis of the reduction ratio R stored and maintained in the memory part, resetting the count value to zero when the rotating shaft makes a single rotation in a forward direction from a state in which the count value is (R?1), and setting the count value to (R?1) when the rotating shaft makes a single rotation in a reverse direction from a state in which the count value is zero.

Abstract: A motion tracking sensor apparatus configured for real-time, three-dimensional angular motion tracking that can determine the absolute orientation, axis of rotation and angular speed of a body rotating about a point, which is fixed relative to the sensor, without contacting the rotating body. The sensor obtains measurements of the three-dimensional magnetic field of a dipole fixed on the body. In one embodiment, a permanent magnet is embedded in the center of the rotating body, and the time-varying magnetic field is measured as the magnet rotates, and then the instantaneous magnet orientation from the field data is determined. The apparatus is particularly suited for use with devices that are based on a sphere rotating in a cradle such as spherical motors or spherical variable transmissions.

Abstract: In a magnetic sensor module, using die-bond resin as a joining material, a Z-axis magnetic sensor is mounted onto a substrate having a wire formed on its principal surface. The Z-axis magnetic sensor having electrode pads formed on its bottom surface is tilted by 90 degrees and mounted onto the substrate. Therefore, the electrode pads are positioned at a side surface thereof. A joining material accommodation area which the die-bond resin can fill is provided at the surface of the Z-axis magnetic sensor opposing the principal surface of the substrate. This joining material accommodation area has a grooved structure. At the surface of the Z-axis magnetic sensor opposing the principal surface of the substrate, the grooved structure is provided at an end portion near the wire formed on the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a highly sensitive sensor system that can improve the S/N ratio by use of an electronic circuit without complicating the sensor body or degrading temporal resolution. A broad spectrum sensor element outputs an electric signal corresponding to a detected physical quantity, the sensor driven by multiplying a carrier signal by m-sequence code. The spread spectrum signal, after phase adjustment, is used to demodulate the sensor output signal, which corresponds to the broad spread spectrum of the physical quantity. The electrical noise generated in the sensor is a broad spread spectrum and is suppressed by low-pass filtering so as to improve the S/N ratio.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting electromagnetic waves are disclosed. A system for detecting such waves includes a device having a first magnetic layer having a fixed magnetization direction, a second magnetic layer having an unfixed magnetization direction responsive to the electromagnetic wave, and a barrier layer positioned between the first and second magnetic layers. The device may have an impedance dependent on a relative angle between the fixed magnetization direction and the unfixed magnetization direction. The system further has a detector configured to detect a change in the impedance indicative of the electromagnetic wave. The electromagnetic wave may be detected by positioning the device in order to detect the electromagnetic wave, determining a change in the impedance of the device, and detecting the electromagnetic wave based on the change in the impedance of the device. Characteristics of the wave such as frequency, power, and phase may also be detected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor (1) and a method for measuring pressure, variation in sound pressure, a magnetic field, acceleration, vibration, or the composition of a gas. The sensor (1) comprises an ultrasound transmitter (2), and a cavity (4) arranged in connection with it. According to the invention, the sensor (1) comprises a passive sensor element (3, 3?) located at the opposite end of the cavity (4) to the ultrasound transmitter (2), the distance of which from the ultrasound transmitter (2) is selected in such a way that the resonance condition is met at the ultrasound frequency used, the ultrasound transmitter (2) comprises a light-construction diaphragm oscillator (9), which is thus well connected to the surrounding medium, and the sensor includes means for measuring the interaction between the ultrasound transmitter (2) and the cavity (4).

Abstract: An improved magnetic torque transducer arrangement for self-compensating effects of external magnetic sources and temperature offset comprises a shaft with at least one magnetized zone, at least one active magnetic field sensor and at least one passive magnetic field sensor disposed in such a way that active field sensor always in a position with higher magnetic field strength arise from applied torque than that of passive sensor. Passive field sensors may also be placed in both sides of the active field sensor, or on one side of active field sensor only. The transducer output is obtained by subtract the output of passive field sensors from that of active field sensor thus cancel out the effect of interfering magnetic field flux and temperature offset on the torque transducer, and partially filter out temperature sensitivity drift and rotational dependant signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Microchip for the detection of poor sources of electrical and/or magnetic fields. To detect such poor electrical sources hidden in a body is a difficult problem for which was found a solution by this invention. The invention solves this problem by a Microchip consisting of a plate with parallel rows of recesses, in each recess is a cristall with a magnetic activity, between the rows are one or more wires connected with a voltage source and one or more wires connected with a voltmeter, the whole surface of the plate with the cristals in the recesses and the wires is embeded in a layer of semiconducting polimeres.

Abstract: A method for testing a line trap of the type whose blocking characteristics are a function of its resonant frequencies without requiring the line trap to be de-energized along with the transmission line to which the trap is connected by injecting a signal into the transmission line over a range of frequencies including at least one of the line trap's expected resonant frequencies; measuring the magnetic field strength produced by the current through the line trap's main coil and the total current flowing through the line trap, and computing the ratio of the magnetic fields where the ratio is computed over a range of frequencies that includes the expected resonant frequency(s) of the line trap, such that the resonant frequencies are indicated where said ratio is at a local maxima or minima.

Abstract: An integrated circuit is provided with two output terminals and a mode switch circuit which includes a pair of switch terminals. The mode switch circuit is allowed to switch the output mode between the 1-output mode for outputting the (+) magnetic field detection signal and the (?) magnetic field detection signal from the output terminal, and the 2-output mode for outputting the (+) magnetic field signal from the output terminal as one of the output terminals, and the (?) magnetic field detection signal from the output terminal as the other output terminal in accordance with the shortcircuit state or the non-shortcircuit state between the switch terminals. The switch terminals are exposed on the surface of the device, and the shortcircuit state and the non-shortcircuit state may be externally adjusted.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing measurements of one or more materials are provided. One system is configured to transfer one or more materials to an imaging volume of a measurement device from one or more storage vessels. Another system is configured to image one or more materials in an imaging volume of a measurement device. An additional system is configured to substantially immobilize one or more materials in an imaging volume of a measurement device. A further system is configured to transfer one or more materials to an imaging volume of a measurement device from one or more storage vessels, to image the one or more materials in the imaging volume, to substantially immobilize the one or more materials in the imaging volume, or some combination thereof.