Abstract: The invention relates in part to templates used to aid in cutting, marking, or otherwise guiding a tool along two edges that intersect in an inside corner. The edges are extended past the point of intersection with channels so that the cutting, marking, or other operation may proceed fully up to the point of intersection or past the point of intersection if desired.

Abstract: A deck building assist tool includes a panel that has a top side, a bottom side, a first edge, a second edge, and a third edge. A first line is coextensive with the first edge and a second line is coextensive with the second edge. The first and second lines intersect each other and are orientated perpendicular with respect to each other. A spacing plate extends downwardly from the bottom side. A plane of the spacing plate is orientated parallel to the second line and is positionable between adjacent planks to indicate correct spacing between the adjacent planks. The panel has a pair of openings therein. The spacing plate has a front edge directed forward and spaced from the first edge. The front edge is spaced from the first edge to correctly position the openings over a joist.

Abstract: A tool for aiding marking or cutting is described. A V-shaped member having an edge formed at an exterior apex of the V for guiding a marker or cutting tool. The exterior surfaces of the V-shaped member may have a material applied having a higher coefficient of friction than that of the V-shaped member. The edge at the apex of the V may have two substantially planar surfaces, each of which forms a complimentary angle with the interior apex angle of the V, or a thin metal portion formed in the exterior apex of the V so that an edge thereof protrudes sloping towards a surface on which the tool is laid. A graduated scale may be applied to an exterior surface of the tool at a location near the apex.

Abstract: Optimizing pedal angle for a cyclist is accomplished with a template having a central body with an aperture for positioning over the lateral condyle in a cyclist's knee. A fist alignment arm extends from the central body and incorporates an alignment indicia for positioning between the knee and hip of the cyclist. A second alignment arm extends from the central body at a predetermined angle with respect to the first alignment arm and employs an angular alignment indicia for relative placement over a malleolus bone of an ankle of the cyclist.

Abstract: A tool for aiding marking or cutting is described. A V-shaped member having an edge formed at an exterior apex of the V for guiding a marker or cutting tool. The exterior surfaces of the V-shaped member may have a material applied having a higher coefficient of friction than that of the V-shaped member. The edge at the apex of the V may have two substantially planar surfaces, each of which forms a complimentary angle with the interior apex angle of the V, or a thin metal portion formed in the exterior apex of the V so that an edge thereof protrudes sloping towards a surface on which the tool is laid. A graduated scale may be applied to an exterior surface of the tool at a location near the apex.

Abstract: A hand tool of a substantially hexagonal shape to facilitate a variety of tasks, such as pipefitting, is provided wherein the tool includes two 90-degree internal angles formed by the intersection of the sides of the tool. At least one slot is provided along and in the perimeter of the tool. Planar or geometric tools are selectively secured within the at least one slot.

Abstract: A layout tool and a means for using the tool to fabricate multi-segment elbows and offset joints from rectangular cross-section fibrous air ductboard material. The tool has a triangular main body having at least one structural feature that defines a plane. At least one flange is connected to the main body, is oriented substantially perpendicular to the main body plane, and forms the first side of the triangle. The main body includes a first outer straight edge extending at an angle of 67.50 degrees from the flange forming the second side of the triangle. A second outer straight edge extending at an angle of 78.75 degrees from the flange forms the third side of the triangle. An inner structure of the main body forms a straight edge perpendicular to the plane of the flange. The outer angled and interior straight edges enable 22.5- and 45-degree miter joints to be easily marked and cut in pre-formed fibrous air duct.

Abstract: A trim marking device and method to gauge the span between opposing jambs for subsequent positioning of the device upon a trim piece to be marked and cut, the device including a base member defining a slide groove, a lip extending over the slide groove and in part defining a gap, and a first jamb abutment member; and a slide member having a first end slidable within the groove, a tongue insertable within the gap, and a second jamb abutment member; at least one of the base member and the slide member having an end having a 45° angled trim marking edge extending upwards from a bottom portion of the device; whereby, the slide member slides within the groove to where the first and the second abutment members abut opposing jambs and whereby a trim piece is marked and cut upon subsequent positioning of the device.

Abstract: A combination layout tool especially for use in larger building projects that can be used repeatedly to accurately produce different angles and cuts or layouts. The tool is provided with incremental angle slots in radial alignment with a notch in one side edge for producing incremental angles, one or more rafter tail/ridgecut patterns in the side edge, angled slots in alignment with the short side of the patterns, tread and riser slots and an associated tread and riser hole in spaced relation from one another for laying out treads and risers for building stairs, a pivot point receiving hole and a plurality of incrementally spaced marker receiving holes for drawing different diameter circles, and/or one or more stud layout slots in the side edge for making stud layouts for framed walls.

Abstract: A generally L-shaped workpiece positioning tool is provided having a base and sidewalls, said base and sidewalls having unobstructed ends and the sidewalls having a void therebetween to space apart the sidewalls.

Abstract: I have discovered it is possible to find an indirect measurement if the vertex angle is given and the sides and the diameter are given. Using an instrument having the shape of an isosceles triangle it is possible to have a vertex angle and two congruent sides that correspond to the diameter of a circle or the side of a cube to find an indirect measurement to solve four classic problems, one is squaring the area of a circle, two is squaring the area of a sphere, three is finding the cube root of a sphere and cubing the volume, four is to double the volume of a cube.

Abstract: A template for installing windows in a wall having studs and a wall panel. The template is for a specific shape and size of window and provides the proper dimensions for receiving the window casing and for framing the studs to receive the casing.

Abstract: A small, hand-held tool enables rapid and repetitive placement of window and door casing. The tool is formed from three distinctive, generally rectangular layers. The center, sandwiched layer extends beyond the outer two layers by an amount equal to the desired offset or reveal of the casing. An extension protrudes diagonally from one side of the center layer and forms a one hundred and thirty-five degree angle with an adjacent side. This extension enables the tool holder to accurately place the corners of each casing strip, after the strips have been cut at the normal diagonal forty-five degree angle. A hole through the center of each of the layers provides for easy and solid grasping and manipulation. Scribe marks may also be provided, to more readily assist the tool user to mark, measure or visually discriminate various distances and geometries. Additional alternative features are further described in the disclosure.

Abstract: The quilting tool has at least one surface defining an angle of 116.6 degrees. A transparent plate is imprinted with at least two guidelines allowing the cutting off of a portion of a fabric strip, resulting in a trapezoidal fabric pattern.

Abstract: A linear encoder including a modular scale having at least one support and a plurality of graduation carriers mounted on the support and arranged one behind another in a longitudinal direction, with the support and the graduation carriers having substantially same coefficients of thermal expansion, and with the graduation carriers having knife-shaped butt junction surfaces, the linear encoder further having a measuring head for scanning the scale.

Abstract: A new Bat for measuring and facilitating marking the interior surfaces of an angled work piece, such as angle iron, which cannot be measured or marked by a conventional square because of arcuate corners and formed edges. The inventive device includes a first plate having a slanted edge, a first member secured to the first plate, a second member secured to the first member forming a syncline shape or V-shape which receives the arcuate corners and formed edges, and a second plate secured to said second member where the second plate is orthogonally aligned with respect to the first plate.

Abstract: A miter gauge and saw blade calibrator is in the form of a flat plate with grooves defined in top and bottom surfaces at various angles. The grooves are sized to receive the bar of a miter gauge so that bar can be elevated above a table slot with its side extending above the slot abutting a side of the groove. The calibrator is slid along the bar toward the miter head until the miter head lays flat against one of the sides of the calibrator on both sides of the bar, to set the angle between the head and the bar equal to the angle between the groove and the corresponding side of the calibrator. Fine angle calibration bars can also be provided between the calibrator and the miter head so as to set smaller or unusual angle increments. In addition, the perimetral edges of the calibrator form different angles so that one edge can be placed against the table top surface of a table saw or other tool and another edge against the blade to accurately set the angle of the blade.

Abstract: A woodworking square having multiple uses. The square may be used to locate long and short points for trimming an opening and may be used to locate pitch line for rafters in a quick, efficient manner. The device also serves as a arc or circle drawing instrument. The device includes ledges so that it may slide against a straight edge and perform a cut or draw a line parallel to the straight edge.

Abstract: A gauge member arranged to include first and second planar side walls arranged in a parallel coextensive relationship having a first end wall spaced from a second end wall having a first step therebetween, a second step is positioned at an uppermost end of the second end wall parallel to the first step. The first step and second step are spaced apart a predetermined spacing, with a third end wall and a fourth end wall spaced from and parallel relative to one another at an opposed end of the body structure, the third and fourth steps are spaced apart a further spacing greater than the predetermined spacing, the first and second steps are arranged to position and engage overlapping siding plates, the third and fourth steps are also arranged to engage overlapping siding steps at a greater spacing relative to one another.

Abstract: The drafting instrument of the invention (10) disclosed herein generally compromises a planar body in a quadrilateral, symmetrical form, having four perimeter sides (22,24,26 and 28), interconnected end to end to form a quadrilateral configuration and show an open space (40) in the interior of the body, and of which two pairs of sides are right angles to each other and positioned opposite and symmetrical to each other on the planar body. The instrument is provided in two primary embodiments, the first, adapted from a 45 degree triangular instrument, where side intersections of the present invention comprises a 135 degree, a 90 degree, a 45 degree and a 90 degree interior angle, respectively and the second adapted from a 30/60 degree triangular instrument, where side intersections of the present invention comprise a 150 degree, a 90 degree, a 30 degree and a 90 degree interior angle, respectively.

Abstract: A multi-sided gauge and layout tool which includes the five angles needed in order to adjust or set-up woodworking and other machinery to fabricate multi-sided or multi-segmented structures having four, five, six, eight or twelve sides. A large knob with a flat bottom and a slot having a sloping bottom may be removably mounted in the middle of the gauge to facilitate grasping and manipulating the gauge when it is used flat against a work surface and may be removed and used as a base to hold the gauge body upright within the slot.

Abstract: An improved angle drafting set is provided and consists of a trapezium tool and an angle modifier tool. The trapezium tool is so constructed that a person can accurately draw angles in five degree increments between zero degrees and three hundred and sixty degrees. The angle modifier tool is so constructed that when used in conjunction with the trapezium tool the person can accurately draw angles in whole degree increments between zero degrees and three hundred and sixty degrees with the trapezium tool.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for determining the amount of taping time used and/or remaining on standard VHS and Beta format video tape cassettes. Multiple scales are organized onto a single multi sided card having a corresponding number of corners. In the preferred embodiment there are five scales, one scale each for the three standard VHS taping speeds, and two for the standard BETA taping speeds. The scales start and end inwardly of the corners that are adjacent the scales.

Abstract: A drawing board and drawing instrument combination is provided. The drawing board has grooves along three of its edges and at 45.degree. across the corners which can receive tongues provided on either side of a flat drawing instrument. The instrument has a number of straight edges which overlie the board in use and which make different angles to the edge of the board. The instrument serves as a T-square and also as a set-square, and is reversible.

Abstract: A rafter cutting template and guide for laying out each type of roof rafter for a selected roof pitch given the zero pitch length of the rafter. The template includes a body portion and wing means attached thereto. The body portion is shaped so that each end includes the necessary angles so that its edges can be used for marking the plumb cut line, seat cut and tail lines for each of the types of rafters that that end is designed to lay-out for the selected roof pitch. The body portion also includes means for converting the zero pitch length of each type rafter to the actual length for the selected pitch of the roof. The wing means is affixed perpendicularly to the top edge of the body portion and fulfills two functions.

Abstract: What is disclosed are novel tools for facilitating the laying of roof shingles so that shingles can be aligned on a roof to give regular and even courses. The tools provide an alignment and spacing of the shingles without the need of utilizing gauges or tools that require adjustments, and the lightweightness and small size of the tools provide easy storage at the worksite on the roof so that the workman need not make repeated trips to the ground to recover tools not having the advantages herein for storage, that have been dropped or dislodged.

Abstract: A drawing triangle is disclosed having 30-, 45-, and 105-degree angles. A perpendicular starting from the vertex of the obtuse angle meets the base at a right angle, from the point where said perpendicular meets said base a set of three reference lines extends making angles of 7 degrees, 30 degrees, and 42 degrees with the base line respectively. Inside the edges of the drawing triangle a set of three base lines each parallel to its corresponding edge are further provided. Between said inner base lines and the edges of the triangle, sets of broken parallel lines are provided which can be used to draw parallel lines with accuracy. Sets of scales are also provided along said perpendicular and the base edge of the drawing triangle.

Abstract: A designer's triangle which permits completion of a drawing with the use of a single instrument includes a planar sheet having three external edges forming a triangle with angles of 45.degree., 60.degree. and 75.degree., respectively. The planar sheet defines three-sided first and second internal triangular cutout openings having respective edges lying along perpendiculars to edges of the external triangle and a trisector of the 45.degree. angle. In some preferred embodiments these perpendiculars intersect at a common point and may constitute altitudes of the external triangle.

Abstract: A novel course correction calculator, consisting of a sheet of transparent material 1 with inscribed reference line 2, centering points 3 and 4, radial lines 5 and 6, circular arcs 7 and circles 8, is provided whereby a heading correction and a speed correction factor for true speed can be obtained quickly and easily by a navigator for a small boat, vessel or aircraft, that offsets the effects caused by the motion of the medium through which the craft is traveling, such as tide or wind. The ratio of the speed of the medium to the speed of the craft through the medium and the direction in which the medium is moving are used with the invention to obtain a heading correction and a speed correction factor for true speed to offset the effects that the moving medium has on the path of travel for the craft. This invention provides a rugged, inexpensive, easy to use tool for the navigation of small boats, vessels and aircraft.

Abstract: There is disclosed a template for providing multi-sided figures such as figures having 5, 6, or more sides.Essentially, the template is a planar member having a bottom apex. Directed from the apex, at a given angle, with respect to the horizontal, are two sides each of opposite slope. The member has a central vertical axis which is directed from the bottom apex and along which are a series of indicators spaced according to a desired length of a side. Positioned on the planar member are two slots which are parallel to the sloping sides emanating from the apex. Each indicator along the vertical axis is manifested by lines which are drawn from the indicator to the corresponding slot. In order to construct a polygon, the user emplaces a tack or pin through an indicator of the central axis to determine the length of the side and then marks the surface upon which the polygon is to be drawn by imprinting a mark where the connecting indicator line intersects the slot.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a triangle for drafting isometric drawings, the triangle being a generally planar thin body having a periphery bounded by first, second and third edges defining first, second and third corners with the first two corners setting-off an included angle of 30 degrees and the third corner setting off an included angle of 120 degrees and at least one opening within the periphery of the triangle having at least one straight edge portion which sets off with the most adjacent body edge an included angle of thirty degrees opening away from the 120 degree corner and the last-mentioned edge of the opening being disposed normal to the most remote edge of the 120 degree corner whereby during the drafting of isometric drawings, the triangle need not be inverted, flipped or rotated or the drawing position changed or another conventional triangle utilized to draft isometric drawings.

Abstract: A plurality of straight-edge sections may be joined together by connector pieces. The connector pieces and straight-edge sections incorporate cooperating ribs and channels. The connector piece incorporates ribs with provision for flexing. When the connector pieces forced into the straight-edge sections a wedging jamming relationship is established that holds the straight end sections in aligned relationship. The undersurface of the straight-edge sections incorporates parallel slots which cooperate with rails on a taping flange. The entire assembly may be positioned on the workpiece by the use of the plurality of taping flanges secured to the work surface by adhesive tape.

Abstract: A lightweight portable carpenter's tool that singularly performs the functions of triangle, ruler, square, protractor, and leveling device. The special protractor function allows for continuous same plane usage in order to scribe material or to guide a power saw across a given material.

Abstract: A drafting instrument is provided for making pictorial drawings, especially axonometric projections. The instrument is in the form of a template which is placed over the drafting surface and may be attached to a drafting machine, straight edge, T-square, or the like. The template is formed with a straight lower edge, perpendicular side edges and a pair of upper edges defining an angle corresponding to the angle of the view to be drawn, i.e. dimetric, trimetric, isometric. The template includes a vertical centerline at the junction of the two upper edges. The margins along each angled upper edge is marked with graduated markings corresponding to the particular angle of the template and parallel to the adjacent angled upper edge. The template also includes a rectangular window or slot extending parallel to the lower edge and provided with graduated markings formed along the edges thereof for use in preparing the views.

Abstract: A pipe fitter's square has a plurality of linear edges oriented at selected angles to provide easy and accurate alignment of pipe sections. A first edge of the square is parallel to its longitudinal axis. Second and third edges of the square are positioned at 45.degree. angles to the first edge to provide for 90.degree. pipe section alignment. Fourth and fifth edges of the square are positioned at 22.5.degree. angles relative to the longitudinal axis of the square to allow alignment for a 45.degree. bend. Levels are mounted to the square parallel and adjacent to the respective first, second and third edges to provide references to the horizontal and vertical and to make possible the division of pipe exteriors into equal angular sections. A protractor scale is imprinted on the square and a pivotal protractor arm is mounted on the square to measure specific angles.

Abstract: A flat sheet annular ring has a first exterior circular perimeter and a concentric interior circular perimeter. The annular ring has the 360 circular degree compass scale indicia disposed thereon, at least adjacent to the ring interior circular perimeter, with appropriate compass one degree (1.degree.) intervals. A single flat sheet circular inner disc, having a second exterior perimeter, is disposed inside the interior circular perimeter of the ring, having a snug rotatable fit in the ring. The single disc has at least one set of multiple narrow width linear parallel slots disposed through the thickness of the disc. The at least one set of multiple parallel slots are disposed symmetrically about the center of the single inner disc. A center aperture marks the disc center, sized to accept an indicia marker tip.

Abstract: A ruler of transparent material having a first edge parallel to one of the three main projection axes of an axonometric projection drawing and a second edge at a specified angle .gamma. with one of the remaining two main projection axes. The ruler is provided on its front surface with a standard line sloping at a specified inversion angle with respect to the first edge and another standard line sloping at the inclination angle of an orthographic projection drawing with respect to the bisector of the inversion angle. An axonometric projection drawing can be made with the use of the ruler from a plan view and a front or side view drawn by orthographic projection and placed on a drawing board as arranged in the orthographic drawing.