Abstract: An oscillator includes a first node having a first bias voltage, a second node having a second bias voltage, and a reference node having a reference voltage. A forward stage includes a first terminal coupled to an output terminal of the oscillator, and a second terminal coupled to one of the first node, the second node, or the reference node. A transformer-coupled band-pass filter (BPF) is coupled between the output terminal and a third terminal of the forward stage.

Abstract: An oscillator is provided with an oscillator circuit having tank circuit terminals for coupling to a tank circuit. A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator serves as a tank circuit. The MEMS resonator is coupled to the oscillator circuit using a transformer with a primary coil coupled to the oscillator tank circuit terminals and a secondary coil coupled to the MEMS resonator terminals, wherein the transformer has a turns ratio of N:1 and N is greater than 1.

Abstract: A radar fill level measurement device for determining a fill level of a medium is provided, including a radar module to generate a transmission signal of at least 60 GHz; and an antenna coupled to the module and to transmit the signal to a surface of the medium and to receive a reflected signal, the module including a phase-locked loop including a push-push oscillator and a phase detector, the oscillator including a first and second outputs, a duplexer coupled between the push-push oscillator and the antenna, and a frequency multiplier coupled between the oscillator second output and the duplexer, the oscillator first output being directly wired to the phase detector input, the duplexer being coupled to the antenna, the phase detector including a reference input and a phase detector output coupled to an oscillator control input. A method for operating a radar fill level measurement device is also provided.

Abstract: A system for mounting in a vehicle and for providing a control signal to a remote device based on information stored in a portable electronic device includes a radio frequency transmitter for transmitting a control signal to the remote device. The system also includes a first circuit configured to receive first information from the portable electronic device via inductive-coupling between the portable electronic device and the first circuit when the portable electronic device is brought within the induction field of the first circuit. The system also includes a second circuit configured to use the first information received from the portable electronic device and to at least one of format the control signal in accordance with the first information and to cause the radio frequency transmitter to format the control signal in accordance with the first information.

Abstract: An injection locked pulsed oscillator includes a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) responsive to an injection signal. The injection locked pulsed oscillator includes at least one enable circuit responsive to a first enable signal to enable output pulses from the VCO. The injection locked pulsed oscillator also includes timing circuit responsive to a pulse repetition frequency signal and is configured to provide the injection signal to phase lock the VCO and provide the first enable signal delayed from the injection signal to shape a width of the output pulses from the VCO.

Abstract: As provided herein, in some embodiments, monolithic oscillators with low phase noise, large swing voltages, wide tuning, and high frequency characteristics are obtained by a monolithic integrated circuit having an oscillator core configured to generate a first output signal, and one or more tuning units operatively coupled to the oscillator core. In some embodiments, the oscillator core is a push-push oscillator core having a bipolar junction transistor, and each of the tuning units uses a FET transistor to present a selectable capacitance. In some embodiments, the tuning units have high-voltage and high-frequency capabilities. In some embodiments, the tuning units use MEMS switches to selectively connect capacitances to the oscillator core. In some embodiments, the oscillator core generates a second signal that has twice the frequency of the first frequency.

Abstract: As provided herein, in some embodiments, monolithic oscillators with low phase noise, large swing voltages, wide tuning, and high frequency characteristics are obtained by a monolithic integrated circuit having an oscillator core configured to generate a first output signal, and one or more tuning units operatively coupled to the oscillator core. In some embodiments, the oscillator core is a push-push oscillator core having a bipolar junction transistor, and each of the tuning units uses a FET transistor to present a selectable capacitance. In some embodiments, the tuning units have high-voltage and high-frequency capabilities. In some embodiments, the tuning units use MEMS switches to selectively connect capacitances to the oscillator core. In some embodiments, the oscillator core generates a second signal that has twice the frequency of the first frequency.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention, an oscillating circuit includes: a first MOS transistor having a first drain terminal and a first source terminal; a load element connected to the first drain terminal; and an oscillator connected to the first source terminal and outputs a fundamental signal and a harmonic signal, wherein the harmonic signal is amplified so that the amplified harmonic signal is output from the first drain terminal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to coupled circuits and methods of coupling circuits having a power supply wherein a plurality of transistors are inductively coupled directly to the power supply for providing a single DC supply voltage directly to each of the plurality of transistors, and wherein a plurality of transformers have primary and secondary windings, the primary and secondary windings providing, at least in part, inductive loads for inductively coupling the plurality of transistors to the power supply, the plurality of transformers also providing an AC signal path for coupling neighboring ones of the plurality of transistors together.

Abstract: An air treatment device having a piezoelectric actuator powered by a transformer. The transformer has dual inputs comprising oppositely wound coils and input power signals 180 degrees out of phase. This arrangement provides a stronger drive signal to the actuator.

Abstract: A transmitter (2) modulates information to be transmitted with an alternating-current signal having a predetermined frequency and includes a variable reactance section (16) which produces resonance with a stray capacitance (18) between a circuit ground (17) in the transmitter (2) and an earth ground (20) which strays from the earth ground (20) and a stray capacitance (19) between the human body (3) and the earth ground (20).

Abstract: A magnetic drive and mechanical oscillator system comprising a mechanical oscillator, a coil, a means for providing alternating current to said coil thereby creating a magnetic field within and about the coil, said means including an on-off means and a ferromagnetic material in communication with the diaphragm of the mechanical oscillator and the coil.

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) having a single stage ring-oscillator having both coarse and fine control of the frequency of oscillation is described. In an embodiment the VCO may include a first n-channel latch having a first output and a second output; a first P-channel transistor coupled between a voltage supply and a first VCO output, where a gate of the first P-channel transistor is coupled to the first output of the first n-channel latch; a first programmable resistor circuit coupled between the first VCO output and the first output of the first n-channel latch; and a second n-channel latch coupled to the first VCO output.

Abstract: A phase-locked loop circuit comprises a voltage-controlled oscillator with at least one resonator circuit for driving the oscillator to an output frequency which is a multiple of the resonator frequency. The voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to a phase-locked loop comprising frequency control means for controlling the output frequency of the oscillator. According to the invention the resonator circuit comprises at least one adjustable component and the frequency control means are coupled into the resonator circuit for controlling the resonator frequency of the resonator circuit. The invention moreover relates to a voltage-controlled oscillator as used in this phase-locked loop circuit.

Abstract: An insulation tester and oscillator circuit for use in same includes a transformer including a primary winding and at least one secondary winding to be coupled across an external load such as an electrode. First and second bipolar junction transistors are connected in a “push-pull” operating mode and coupled to the primary winding of the transformer for producing a high frequency voltage. The primary winding has two ends each respective one of which is coupled to a respective one of the collectors of the first and second bipolar junction transistors. First and second field effect transistors are respectively coupled in parallel with the first and second bipolar junction transistors. An actuator for activating the first and second field effect transistors to respectively conduct substantially synchronously with the first and second bipolar junction transistors shortly after start-up is provided, whereby the majority of current is shunted through the field effect transistors.

Abstract: An insulation tester and oscillator circuit for use in same includes a transformer including a primary winding and at least one secondary winding to be coupled across an external load such as an electrode. First and second bipolar junction transistors are connected in a “push-pull” operating mode and coupled to the primary winding of the transformer for producing a high frequency voltage. The primary winding has two ends each respective one of which is coupled to a respective one of the collectors of the first and second bipolar junction transistors. First and second field effect transistors are respectively coupled in parallel with the first and second bipolar junction transistors. An actuator for activating the first and second field effect transistors to respectively conduct substantially synchronously with the first and second bipolar junction transistors shortly after start-up is provided, whereby the majority of current is shunted through the field effect transistors.

Abstract: A dual conversion, noise resistant, digitally-controlled mm-wave frequency synthesizer for generating rapidly-tunable RF signals. The prime signal-generation source is a 3.0-3.2 GHz low noise wide band voltage controlled oscillator (“vco”). The oscillator includes a buried stripline hairpin resonator having dual-tuning circuits to increase bandwidth coverage and unique bias circuitry to improve phase noise. The oscillator frequency is multiplied by a factor of two, yielding a 6.0-6.4 GHz signal that is mixed with a fixed locally generated carrier of 3900 MHz, the output of which represents the first Intermediate Frequency (IF). This IF is then mixed with 1950 MHz (3900 MHz divided by two), yielding a second IF that covers the 188 to 550 MHz range. The 2nd IF is divided down and phase locked to an external reference using a commercially available chip set. The 6.0-6.4 phase locked signal is then re-mixed with the 3.0-3.2 GHz output form the oscillator, thereby yielding a 9.0-9.6 GHz signal. The 9.

Abstract: There is a manufacturing limit on how small ceramic coaxial resonators can be produced, which leads to a limit on the frequency of resonance for these resonators. One technique to double the effective frequency of a ceramic coaxial resonator is to couple each end of a resonator to a Colpitts oscillator, the oscillators being balanced and out-of-phase by 180°. During operation, the resonator is effectively divided in half with a virtual ground forming in the center. This allows a single resonator to operate as two resonators of half the original size. Hence, the oscillation frequency for each of these balanced oscillators is doubled when compared to the frequency of similar oscillators that have separate ceramic coaxial resonators of similar size. If this technique is further implemented within a push-pull design tuned to the third harmonic, the output oscillation frequency becomes six times that of an oscillator using a separate ceramic coaxial resonator of similar size.

Abstract: There is a manufacturing limit on how small ceramic coaxial resonators can be produced, which leads to a limit on the frequency of resonance for these resonators. One technique to double the effective frequency of a ceramic coaxial resonator is to couple each end of a resonator to a Colpitts oscillator, the oscillators being balanced and out-of-phase by 180°. During operation, the resonator is effectively divided in half with a virtual ground forming in the center. This allows a single resonator to operate as two resonators of half the original size. Hence, the oscillation frequency for each of these balanced oscillators is doubled when compared to the frequency of similar oscillators that have separate ceramic coaxial resonators of similar size.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator includes at least two active components and a dielectric resonator. The coupling between each active component and the dielectric resonator is of the transmission type and the inputs of neighboring active components are connected to a first point coupled to the resonator and likewise the outputs of the active components are connected to a second point coupled to the resonator. A push-push oscillator of the above kind is simple to produce and its operation is relatively insensitive to adjustments.

Abstract: A push—push oscillator is formed by (a) a resonator circuit including a transmission line having one-half wavelength and both ends of the line being left open, and a capacitance for frequency control coupled to the transmission line in parallel, and (b) two oscillators electrically identical to each other and their input sections being coupled to both the ends of the transmission line. Further, this oscillator can take out an output signal of even-order-harmonics from a midpoint of the transmission line in a transmitting direction as well as take out two fundamental waves from respective output sections of two branch oscillators. This push—push oscillator operating with a high frequency is downsized and simplified from a conventional one. Its phase-noise-characteristics and noise immunity are also improved.

Abstract: There is a manufacturing limit on how small ceramic coaxial resonators can be produced, which leads to a limit on the frequency of resonance for these resonators. One technique to double the effective frequency of a ceramic coaxial resonator is to couple each end of a resonator to a Colpitts oscillator, the oscillators being balanced and out-of-phase by 180°. During operation, the resonator is effectively divided in half with a virtual ground forming in the center. This allows a single resonator to operate as two resonators of half the original size. Hence, the oscillation frequency for each of these balanced oscillators is doubled when compared to the frequency of similar oscillators that have separate ceramic coaxial resonators of similar size. If this technique is further implemented within a push-pull design tuned to the third harmonic, the output oscillation frequency becomes six times that of an oscillator using a separate ceramic coaxial resonator of similar size.

Abstract: A high-frequency oscillating circuit that is not degraded by external electromagnetic interference. The high-frequency oscillating circuit includes first and second oscillating transistors wherein the bases are connected together directly or via a capacitor having a sufficiently low impedance at an oscillating frequency, and wherein a differential signal output is obtained between the emitters of the first and second oscillating transistors. Also provided is a resonating circuit formed in a module and a separate negative-resistance-generating circuit formed on an integrated circuit for achieving an oscillator that has a high Q factor and a high C/N ratio.

Abstract: A transmitter system for transmitting an output signal having an output level and a signal to noise ratio. The transmitter system comprises a balanced oscillator comprised of a resonator for generating a reference signal, and for creating a parasitic impedance. Moreover, the balanced oscillator comprises a first oscillator comprising a first amplifier for amplifying the reference signal, and a first feedback circuit for generating a first oscillating output signal in response to the reference signal amplified by the first amplifier. Similarly, the balanced oscillator comprises a second oscillator comprising a second amplifier for amplifying said reference signal, and a second feedback circuit for generating a second oscillating output signal in response to the reference signal amplified by the second amplifier.

Abstract: A circuit for sensing a current in a fluorescent lamp. A control system comprises a buck regulator circuit for supplying a buck current, an inverter circuit for receiving the buck current and for generating a lamp voltage, a circuit for sensing a current in a fluorescent lamp, and a controller for controlling the buck regulator and the inverter. The inverter comprises a Royer-type inverter, a resonant tank, and a transformer. A current flows through a primary winding of the transformer to generate a voltage in a secondary winding of the transformer. The fluorescent lamp is coupled to the secondary winding of the transformer so that the fluorescent lamp is isolated from the remainder of the control system by the transformer. The circuit for sensing the current in the lamp senses a current in the Royer-type inverter which is representative of the current in the lamp. The circuit for sensing the current in the lamp is coupled to the controller for controlling the buck regulator and the inverter.

Abstract: A balanced and buffered oscillator and transmitter arrangement includes a first and second oscillator, each of which include a resonator for generating a reference signal, an amplifier for amplifying the reference signal, a resonant tank for generating an oscillating output signal in response to the amplified reference signal, and a buffer circuit for buffering the respective oscillating output signal such that the effects of a parasitic impedance are minimized.

Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of a self-starting high-frequency generator, where for self-starting power is fed back from the anode circuit to the control grid of the grid-controlled electron tube used as amplifier element, the following measures are provided. An additional oscillating circuit (L.sub.A3, C.sub.A3) which is tuned to a multiple of the operating frequency (f.sub.1) is arranged in the anode circuit. An oscillating circuit (L.sub.G31, L.sub.G32, C.sub.G3) tuned to a multiple of the operating frequency (f.sub.1) is likewise arranged in the control-grid circuit. Components (L.sub.G31) belonging to the feedback circuit are at the same time components of the oscillating circuit arranged in the control-grid circuit.

Abstract: The present invention teaches an oscillator and transmitter. The balanced oscillator comprises a resonator for generating a reference signal having a resonating frequency, a first oscillator for providing a first oscillating output in response to the resonating frequency, and a second oscillator for providing a second oscillating output in response to the resonating frequency. The second oscillating output has a magnitude equal to the first oscillating output while oscillating 180 degrees out of phase with the first oscillating output. The transmitter comprises an antenna for radiating the first and second oscillating output signals.

Abstract: A balanced oscillator and transmitter circuit is provided which includes a pair of balanced Colpitts-type oscillators for generating an enhanced power radiating output signal. The balanced oscillators share a series resonance input tank. Each oscillator has an amplification stage which preferably includes a Colpitts-type configured transistor. The transmitter circuit further includes first and second output tanks having first and second radiating elements which may include a pair of inductors. An oscillating current signal is generated by the oscillator and is commonly transmitted through the pair of radiating elements. Each radiating element transmits radiating output signals which are combined and summed in total to provide an efficient radiating output signal. Alternately, the first and second output tanks may include a center-tapped transformer coupled to a third radiating element.

Abstract: A low phase noise oscillator 10 having a balanced feedback transformer 24 and a push-pull resonant circuit 12 for generating an oscillation excitation signal. The resonant circuit 12 is loaded by an output buffer 20 connected between first and second feedback terminals 16 and 18. The feedback transformer 24 provides first and second feedback paths of opposite phase polarity which link the resonant circuit 12 with the first and second feedback terminals 16 and 18.

Abstract: A voltage controlled push-push oscillator is provided having a variable frequency output over a range of frequencies. Usually, the range of frequencies is in the microwave range. The configuration is such that the collectors of a pair of transistors are tied together, and an inductive reactance is provided across the base and collector of each of the transistors, with the emitters of the pair of transistors being each connected to opposite phases (at the fundamental frequency) of a resonator which may comprise of one or more elements, bisected to provide an output tap at which an RF null at the fundamental frequency and an anti-null at the second harmonic exists, whereby the second harmonic output frequency of the push-push oscillator is derived. Particularly when the push-push oscillator operates at microwave frequencies, the resonator element is a microstrip line, having the output tap at the centre thereof.

Abstract: Here is disclosed a push-pull inverter used to drive a cold cathode discharge tube, a hot cathode discharge tube and the like, comprising a boosting transformer having a first primary coil, a first secondary coil, a second primary coil and a second secondary coil; first and second switching elements each having a control electrode adapted for controllably interrupting primary current flowing through said first and second primary coils; a capacitor connected between the respective control electrodes of the respective switching elements; and a feedback circuit in which one end of the first secondary coil is connected to the control electrode of the first switching element and one end of the second secondary coil is connected to the control electrode of the second switching element so that load current from a load connected between the other ends of the respective first and second secondary coils flows through the capacitor.

Abstract: A push-push microwave oscillator has two branch oscillators fabricated of a transistor and transmission line elements extending from terminals of the transistor, and a resonator which is fabricated of an annulus of superconductor material and serves to phase lock oscillations of the two branch oscillators. The superconductor material is a composite of a rare earth element and copper oxide such as yttrium-barium-copper oxide. A first transmission line in each of the branch oscillators extends past the resonator with a spacing to provide for electromagnetic coupling between the branch oscillator and the resonator. A second transmission line in each of the branch oscillators has a length equal to approximately one-quarter wavelength of the oscillation frequency to tune the branch oscillator to a common oscillation frequency.

Abstract: A push-push oscillator including a resonator having a transmission line and a capacitance connected to the transmission line in parallel; an oscillating circuit responsive to the resonator for oscillating and for producing first and second outputs having an antiphase relation therebetween; an in-phase combining circuit for summing the first and second outputs of said oscillating circuit to produce a summed signal; and an antiphase combining circuit responsive to two components from the resonator having an antiphase relation for producing a differential signal in accordance with a difference between the two components. Alternatively, the in-phase combining circuit is connected to the resonator and the antiphase combining circuit is connected to the oscillating circuit. The antiphase combining circuit outputs a fundamental wave component of the resonator. The in-phase combining circuit outputs a second harmonic wave component.

Abstract: This invention relates to a push-pull inverter used, for example, as a driver for cold-cathod discharge tube, hot-cathode discharge tube, etc.According to this invention, respective control electrodes of a first switching element and a second switching element are interconnected by a capacitor so that a load current passes through this capacitor and thereby alternately activates the first and second switching element.With such arrangement, a boosting transformer requires no feedback coil and it is possible to eliminate a capacitor for resonance which has conventionally been connected in parallel to a primary coil of said boosting transformer.

Abstract: An inverting amplifier useful in an oscillator circuit includes complementary serially connected first and second metal-oxide-semiconductor field effort transistor (MOSFETS) and first and second resistors, two capacitors, a first feedback circuit having two MOSFETS in series with a third resistor and a second feedback circuit having two MOSFETS and a fourth resistor in series. Each feedback circuit provides a feed back path from the drain of one of the output transistors to the gate thereof. The resistors are polysilicon type resistors and have a negative thermal coefficient. The amplifier has a very stable output signal amplitude which is essentially independent of integrated circuit manufacturing processing variations and operating temperature variations within useful ranges.

Abstract: An improved control circuit for maintaining constant amplitude of the sinusoidal output signal of an oscillator circuit by synchronously demodulating the signal using a push-pull transistor pair operating in saturation to generate a control signal for comparison with a reference voltage in a direct coupled negative feedback loop to the oscillator. The configuration of the feedback loop provides effectively instantaneous control response to eliminate low frequency modulation propagated internally in the oscillator due to noise generation in circuit components.

Abstract: An improved oscillator circuit for avoiding core saturation without the need for auxiliary magnetic devices employs an emitter resistance for regulating base voltage, and a semiconductor base shunt for initiating transistor cut-off when the base voltage increases above the threshold voltage of the semiconductor shunt, the emitter resistance being preselected to activate the base shunt before the transformer core reaches saturation.

Abstract: A push-push broadband dielectric resonator oscillator circuit that operates in the K and Ka band frequency range has two oscillator circuits that oscillate at the same fundamental frequency. An antiphaseal relationship is maintained between the two oscillators through the use of a dielectric resonator and the desired frequency is obtained by vectorially combining the output signals of the two oscillators that have the antiphase relationship to obtain an output frequency that is twice the fundamental frequency of operation of each of the individual dielectric resonator oscillator circuits.

Abstract: A push-pull generator with a driver stage and a push-pull output stage. A parallel connection of a resistor (R3, R4) with a control transistor (T3, T4) is provided in the base line of each output stage transistor. In the push-pull output stage, resistors (R1, R2) are provided at which a voltage drop is caused by the output stage current. Depending on the magnitude of the voltage drop the control transistors (T3, T4) located parallel to the resistors in the base lines are either activated or blocked.

Abstract: A logic circuit comprises a first and second circuit. The first circuit consists of at least one first conductivity-type MOSFET having a gate connected to an input terminal, and having a first current path connected at one end to an output terminal. The second circuit consists of at least one second conductivity-type MOSFET having a gate is connected to the input terminal, and having a second current path connected at one end to the output terminal. The logical circuit further comprises a depletion-type MOSFET of the second conductivity type and a depletion-type MOSFET of the first conductivity type. The depletion-type MOSFET of the second conductivity type has a threshold voltage the absolute value of which is larger than that of the first conductivity-type MOSFET, has a current path connected between the other end of the first current path and a first power source, and has a gate connected to the output terminal.

Abstract: A push-pull microwave oscillator circuit, including two transistors, for producing the second harmonic of a fundamental frequency at a symmetry point of the circuit which is connected to the bases of the transistors through identical arrangements of circuit elements. The circuit includes tuning means coupled to at least one of the transistors, an output and an input. The output, which is utilized to provide to a phase comparison means an output signal at the fundamental of the second harmonic frequency, is coupled to the base of at least one of the transistors by a capacitive impedance. The input, which is utilized to receive a tuning signal produced by the phase comparison means in response to the output signal, is coupled to the tuning means.

Abstract: An electronic ballast-inverter circuit for powering one or more fluorescent lamps or the like includes two identical circuits operating at different DC offsets, each circuit including a tank circuit composed of a primary winding of the power transformer and a capacitor such that each tank circuit resonates at the same frequency, and including a switching transistor connected to each tank circuit. These two transistors are operative on alternate half cycles of the sine wave generated by the inverter, so as to obtain the push-pull operation needed by the inverter. Each circuit includes a base drive current source for each transistor that is controlled by the polarity of an additional primary winding of the power transformer. For improved efficiency, the circuit is designed to be operable from an unsmoothed DC voltage source.

Abstract: A novel apparatus and method for improving the stability of an electrical circuit such as an oscillator and/or a radio frequency transmitter which is coupled to a radiating element wherein the radiating element such as a loop is coupled to the inductor or capacitor of the frequency determining circuit of the oscillator so that frequency shifts will not occur due to inductive or capacitive effects. The oscillator circuit is mounted on an insulating sheet which has a ground plane on the opposite side thereof so as to provide effective shielding and the radiating element is mounted on a portion of the insulating sheet where the grounding plane does not extend. The radiating element is also coupled symmetrically to the inductor or capacitors of the frequency determining circuit and is connected at tap points which do not have the entire inductance between them.

Abstract: A solid-state power generator or inverter for operating a load such as one or more gas discharge lamps from a DC or rectified AC power source includes two principal circuits, one being a drive circuit with pulse formation derived by negative feedback and the other being an inductively driven or dependent circuit with pulse formation by positive and negative feedback. The circuits operate in 180.degree. phase relationship. The circuits as disclosed are identical except for a capacitor in the first which is not present in the second. The circuits are coupled by a five-winding nonsaturable core transformer in which DC pulses passing through two primary windings induce in one secondary winding a sinusoidal EMF proportional to the product of the two primary currents and, in turn, proportional current flows in the load. Open circuit protection is also provided.

Abstract: An oscillator arrangement is disclosed which is controllable in its frequency and which comprises a control input for frequency variation and a transformer output, whose frequency-determining oscillating circuit possesses, as a controllable reactive element, two varactor diodes which are connected in opposing fashion and whose capacitance largely represents the oscillating circuit capacitance. Two feedback oscillator circuits are combined to form a push-pull circuit in that the output terminals of the oscillator circuits are connected in respect of d.c. to a reference potential by way of a central tap of the primary winding of a common output transformer. In addition, the two varactor diodes are oppositely poled and interconnected in respect of d.c.

Abstract: The oscillation generator includes an oscillator circuit, a push-pull amplifier with inductive positive feedback connected in the circuit, a piezoceramic atomizer vibrator element, and a load-dependent regenerative feedback coupling connected to the circuit. The coupling is in the form of a tunable frequency-selective sensor having outputs connected to the inputs of the amplifier.

Abstract: A novel transistorized fluorescent lamp ballast and lamp combination operates from AC line voltage. The ballast provides for "soft-start" lamp operation in one featured aspect and provides for some lamp light output regulation in another featured aspect thereof.

Abstract: The oscillator includes a high gain differential amplifier, the output of which alternately drives two sets of transistors which together provide the oscillator output signal. A first set of transistors operates during one-half cycle of the output while the other set is operating during the other half-cycle. A DC feedback path provides degenerative DC feedback to minimize the DC component of the output signal, while an AC feedback path, which includes a filter network which passes the circuit operating frequency at a 180.degree. phase shift relative to the phase of the output signal, provides regenerative AC feedback to maintain circuit oscillation.

Abstract: In oscillators such as those used in electronic watches, low power consumption is quite desirable. To accomplish this, an oscillator is provided including a complementary inverter amplifier circuit comprising a complementary inverter including a p-channel MIS FET connected to a first source potential, an n-channel MIS FET connected to a second source potential, and the gate of the two FETs being applied with a common linear input. Respective load resistors are connected to the drains of the complementary FETs, an output being derived from the interconnection point of the load resistors or from the drains of the FETs. Further, a bias resistor is connected between the gate and the drain of each of the complementary FETs, the input being supplied to the gates of the FETs through respective capacitors. The p-channel FET and n-channel FET are individually biased so that the circuit may serve as a class B push pull amplifier of low power consumption.